Many difficult engineering problems cannot be solved by the conventional optimization techniques in practice. Direct searches that need no recourse to explicit derivatives are revived and become popular since the new ...Many difficult engineering problems cannot be solved by the conventional optimization techniques in practice. Direct searches that need no recourse to explicit derivatives are revived and become popular since the new century. In order to get a deep insight into this field, some notes on the direct searches for non-smooth optimization problems are made. The global convergence vs. local convergence and their influences on expected solutions for simulation-based stochastic optimization are pointed out. The sufficient and simple decrease criteria for step acceptance are analyzed, and why simple decrease is enough for globalization in direct searches is identified. The reason to introduce the positive spanning set and its usage in direct searches is explained. Other topics such as the generalization of direct searches to bound, linear and non-linear constraints are also briefly discussed.展开更多
THE ceremonious premiere was recently held of a Chinese film whose theme is the grim search by a policeman in a small town for his missing gun. The film is the maiden work of a young director. It starred Jiang Wen, cur-
Geologists explore the ground to locate mineral resources,investigate and characterise the properties and behaviour the soils and rocks as part of a geotechnical ground investigation and for geohazard assessments.Simi...Geologists explore the ground to locate mineral resources,investigate and characterise the properties and behaviour the soils and rocks as part of a geotechnical ground investigation and for geohazard assessments.Similarly,the police may search the ground to locate homicide graves,weapons,firearms,drugs or items of value that have been buried beneath the ground surface as part of a criminal or terrorist act.Historically,the methods and techniques used by geologists and law enforcement evolved separately.Conventionally,geologists and law enforcement officers worked in isolation to explore and investigate or search the ground.Over the past decade the authors,with different and complimentary capabilities,began working in collaboration during the search for a grave.This provided the opportunity and incentive for geological and law enforcement investigative strategies to be brought together.This has enabled the development of a high assurance ground search strategy.This paper provides an overview of ground searches how these have advanced and developed.展开更多
Ensuring the correctness of answers to substring queries has not been a concern for consumers working within the traditional confines of their own organisational infrastructure. This is due to the fact that organisati...Ensuring the correctness of answers to substring queries has not been a concern for consumers working within the traditional confines of their own organisational infrastructure. This is due to the fact that organisations generally trust their handling of their own data hosted on their own servers and networks. With cloud computing however, where both data and processing are delegated to unknown servers, guarantees of the correctness of queries need to be available. The verification of the results of substring searches has not been given much focus to date within the wider scope of data and query, verification. We present a verification scheme for existential substring searc, hes on text files, which is the first of its kind to satisfy the desired properties of authenticity, completeness, and freshness. The scheme is based on suffix arrays, Merkle hash trees and cryptographic hashes to provide strong guarantees of correctness for the consumer, even in fully untrusted environments. We provide a description of our scheme, along with the results of experiments conducted on a fully-working prototype.展开更多
We studied the information search behaviors of Chinese consumers of miniature automobiles. First, we identified the main sources where consumers acquire or seek information about miniature automobiles and discussed th...We studied the information search behaviors of Chinese consumers of miniature automobiles. First, we identified the main sources where consumers acquire or seek information about miniature automobiles and discussed their extent of information search. Then, based on logistic regression and optimal scaling regression of statistics, we studied the influences of characteristics of consumers of miniature automobiles on the extent of information search and on Internet usage. The results indicate that consumers often utilize four sources to obtain information about miniature automobiles. The dominant information source for consumers is their friends/family, followed by dealers, newspapers, and TV. Age, occupation, education and income significantly affect the extent of information search, but gender and city of residence do not have significant impacts. Age, city of residence, occupation, education and income produce significant influences on Internet usage. Gender has an insignificant influence on whether a consumer uses the Internet to search for information.展开更多
This paper presents an effective keyword search method for data-centric extensive markup language （XML） documents. The method divides an XML document into compact connected integral subtrees, called self-integral tr...This paper presents an effective keyword search method for data-centric extensive markup language （XML） documents. The method divides an XML document into compact connected integral subtrees, called self-integral trees （SI-Trees）, to capture the structural information in the XML document. The SI-Trees are generated based on a schema guide. Meaningful self-integral trees （MSI-Trees） are identified, which contain all or some of the input keywords for the keyword search in the XML documents. Indexing is used to accelerate the retrieval of MSI-Trees related to the input keywords. The MSI-Trees are ranked to identify the top-k results with the highest ranks. Extensive tests demonstrate that this method costs 10-100 ms to answer a keyword query, and outperforms existing approaches by 1-2 orders of magnitude.展开更多
Magnetic Monopole SearchesIsolated supermassive monopole candidate events have not been confirmed. The most sensitive experiments obtain negative results.
In this paper, an algorithm for unconstrained optimization that employs both trust region techniques and curvilinear searches is proposed. At every iteration, we solve the trust region subproblem whose radius is gener...In this paper, an algorithm for unconstrained optimization that employs both trust region techniques and curvilinear searches is proposed. At every iteration, we solve the trust region subproblem whose radius is generated adaptively only once. Nonmonotonic backtracking curvilinear searches are performed when the solution of the subproblem is unacceptable. The global convergence and fast local convergence rate of the proposed algorithms are established under some reasonable conditions. The results of numerical ＇experiments are reported to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.展开更多
The mobile search, a combination of a web search engine and a mobile communication system, is viewed as the most influential application in the 3G era. Therefore, mobile search service providers are eager to know whic...The mobile search, a combination of a web search engine and a mobile communication system, is viewed as the most influential application in the 3G era. Therefore, mobile search service providers are eager to know which factors most influence user acceptance of mobile searches. Based on the characteristics of mobile searches and a review of previous information technology acceptance research, this study integrates the task technology fit model and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model to develop a mobile search acceptance model and empirically tests this model. This study finds that, for mobile searches, the performance expectancy, social influence, and perceived cost all significantly influence use intention and the performance expectancy increases with the increasing user＇s experience and higher tasktechnology fit degree. The effort expectancy is found to not affect the use intention of mobile searches and the users＇ gender does not have a significant moderating effect on the use intention. The results are then used to develop suggestions for mobile search providers to promote their application and development.展开更多
Official monthly unemployment data is unavailable in China, while intense public interest in unemployment requires timely and accurate information. Using data on web queries from lead search engines in China, Baidu an...Official monthly unemployment data is unavailable in China, while intense public interest in unemployment requires timely and accurate information. Using data on web queries from lead search engines in China, Baidu and Google, I build two indices measuring intensity of online unemployment-related searches. The unemployment-related search indices identify a structural break in the time series between October and November 2008, which corresponds to a turning point indicated by some macroeconomic indicators. The unemployment- related search indices are proven to have significant correlation with Purchasing Managers＇ Employment Indices and a set of macroeconomic indicators that are closely related to changes in unemployment in China. The results of Granger causality analysis show that the unemployment-related search indices can improve predictions of the c indicators. It suggests that unemploy- ment-related searches can potentially provide valuable, timely, and low-cost information for macroeconomic monitoring.展开更多
Literature searches on the Web result in great volumes of query results. A model is presented here to refine the search process using user interests. User interests are analyzed to calculate semantic similarity among ...Literature searches on the Web result in great volumes of query results. A model is presented here to refine the search process using user interests. User interests are analyzed to calculate semantic similarity among the interest terms to refine the query. Traditional general purpose similarity measures may not always fit a domain specific context. This paper presents a similarity method for medical literature searches based on the biomedical literature knowledge source ＂MEDLINE＂, the normalized MEDLINE distance, to more reasonably reflect the relevance between medical terms. This measure gives more accurate user interest descriptions through calculating the similarities of user interest terms to rerank the interest term list. The accurate user interest descriptions can be used for query refinement in keyword searches to give more personalized results for the user. This measure also improves the search results for personalization through controlling the return number of results on each topic of interest.展开更多
This paper describes an efficient, low latency systolic array architecture for full searches in block matching motion estimation. Conventional one dimensional systolic array architecture is used to develop a nove...This paper describes an efficient, low latency systolic array architecture for full searches in block matching motion estimation. Conventional one dimensional systolic array architecture is used to develop a novel ring like systolic array architecture through operator rescheduling considering the symmetry of the data flow. High latency delay due to stuffing of the array pipeline in the conventional architecture was eliminated. The new architecture delivers a higher throughput rate, achieves higher processor utilization, and has low power consumption. In addition, the minimum memory bandwidth of the conventional architecture is preserved.展开更多
Two Armijo-type line searches are proposed in this paper for nonlinear conjugate gradient methods. Under these line searches, global convergence results are established for several famous conjugate gradient methods, i...Two Armijo-type line searches are proposed in this paper for nonlinear conjugate gradient methods. Under these line searches, global convergence results are established for several famous conjugate gradient methods, including the Fletcher-Reeves method, the Polak-Ribiere-Polyak method, and the conjugate descent method.展开更多
Genetic genealogy provides crucial insights into the complex biological relationships within contemporary and ancient human populations by analyzing shared alleles and chromosomal segments that are identical by descen...Genetic genealogy provides crucial insights into the complex biological relationships within contemporary and ancient human populations by analyzing shared alleles and chromosomal segments that are identical by descent to understand kinship,migration patterns,and population dynamics.Within forensic science,forensic investigative genetic genealogy(FIGG)has gained prominence by leveraging next-generation sequencing technologies and population-specific genomic resources,opening useful investigative avenues.In this review,we synthesize current knowledge,underscore recent advancements,and discuss the growing role of FIGG in forensic genomics.FIGG has been pivotal in revitalizing dormant inquiries and offering genetic leads in numerous cold cases.Its effectiveness relies on the extensive single-nucleotide polymorphism profiles contributed by individuals from diverse populations to specialized genomic databases.Advances in computational genomics and the growth of human genomic databases have spurred a profound shift in the application of genetic genealogy across forensics,anthropology,and ancient DNA studies.As the field progresses,FIGG is evolving from a nascent practice into a more sophisticated and specialized discipline,shaping the future of forensic investigations.展开更多
This paper explores increased use of the concept of“medical bilingualism”since 2015 as scholars,especially of East Asian medical history and anthropology,have applied it to engagements between two medical systems.It...This paper explores increased use of the concept of“medical bilingualism”since 2015 as scholars,especially of East Asian medical history and anthropology,have applied it to engagements between two medical systems.It reveals an ongoing evolution in the way that scholars understand what a medical system is and how medical systems are differentiated and compared with one another.The image of culturally homogeneous systems of meaning and practice that dominated mid-twentieth-century scholarship on medical systems(especially using the category of ethnomedicines)has been giving way to a more culturally heterogeneous and cosmopolitan picture of how medical practitioners evolve,integrate,and differentiate medical concepts and practices in the context of contemporary societies and the new forms of life they engender.This reformulated concept of medical bilingualism emphasizes the ways in which medical systems overlap yet remain distinct.First,the paper summarizes results of an experiment with AI searches on medical bilingualism,then narrates its historiography both pre-COVID-19 and during COVID-19,and finally concludes with some reflections on language ideology,multilingualism,and medical pluralism.展开更多
Precisely estimating the state of health(SOH)of lithium-ion batteries is essential for battery management systems(BMS),as it plays a key role in ensuring the safe and reliable operation of battery systems.However,curr...Precisely estimating the state of health(SOH)of lithium-ion batteries is essential for battery management systems(BMS),as it plays a key role in ensuring the safe and reliable operation of battery systems.However,current SOH estimation methods often overlook the valuable temperature information that can effectively characterize battery aging during capacity degradation.Additionally,the Elman neural network,which is commonly employed for SOH estimation,exhibits several drawbacks,including slow training speed,a tendency to become trapped in local minima,and the initialization of weights and thresholds using pseudo-random numbers,leading to unstable model performance.To address these issues,this study addresses the challenge of precise and effective SOH detection by proposing a method for estimating the SOH of lithium-ion batteries based on differential thermal voltammetry(DTV)and an SSA-Elman neural network.Firstly,two health features(HFs)considering temperature factors and battery voltage are extracted fromthe differential thermal voltammetry curves and incremental capacity curves.Next,the Sparrow Search Algorithm(SSA)is employed to optimize the initial weights and thresholds of the Elman neural network,forming the SSA-Elman neural network model.To validate the performance,various neural networks,including the proposed SSA-Elman network,are tested using the Oxford battery aging dataset.The experimental results demonstrate that the method developed in this study achieves superior accuracy and robustness,with a mean absolute error(MAE)of less than 0.9%and a rootmean square error(RMSE)below 1.4%.展开更多
Non-contact debris removal methods are fuel-efficient in a single operation compared to contact-based strategies as spacecraft don’t need to match debris velocity.To comprehensively analyze this scheme,maneuvering sc...Non-contact debris removal methods are fuel-efficient in a single operation compared to contact-based strategies as spacecraft don’t need to match debris velocity.To comprehensively analyze this scheme,maneuvering schemes for maximum debris removal with minimum fuel consumption,including task assignment,sequence planning,and trajectory planning,must be formulated.The coupling between variables’dimensions and optimization results in task assignment poses challenges,as debris removal is repetitive and uncertain,leading to a vast search space.This paper proposes a novel Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure with Large Neighborhood and Crossover Mechanisms(GRASP-LNCM)to address this problem.The hybrid dynamic iteration mechanism improves computational efficiency and enhances the optimality of results.The model innovatively considers unsuccessful single removal by using a quantitative method to assess removal percentage.In addition,to improve the efficiency of sequence and trajectory planning,a Suboptimal Search Algorithm(SSA)based on the Lambert property and accelerated Multi-Revolution Lambert Problem(MRLP)solving strategy is established.Finally,a real Iridium-33 debris removal mission is studied.The simulation demonstrates that the proposed algorithm achieves state-of-the-art performance in several typical scenarios.Compared to the contact-based scheme,the new one is simpler,saving more fuel under certain conditions.展开更多
The problem of collision avoidance for non-cooperative targets has received significant attention from researchers in recent years.Non-cooperative targets exhibit uncertain states and unpredictable behaviors,making co...The problem of collision avoidance for non-cooperative targets has received significant attention from researchers in recent years.Non-cooperative targets exhibit uncertain states and unpredictable behaviors,making collision avoidance significantly more challenging than that for space debris.Much existing research focuses on the continuous thrust model,whereas the impulsive maneuver model is more appropriate for long-duration and long-distance avoidance missions.Additionally,it is important to minimize the impact on the original mission while avoiding noncooperative targets.On the other hand,the existing avoidance algorithms are computationally complex and time-consuming especially with the limited computing capability of the on-board computer,posing challenges for practical engineering applications.To conquer these difficulties,this paper makes the following key contributions:(A)a turn-based(sequential decision-making)limited-area impulsive collision avoidance model considering the time delay of precision orbit determination is established for the first time;(B)a novel Selection Probability Learning Adaptive Search-depth Search Tree(SPL-ASST)algorithm is proposed for non-cooperative target avoidance,which improves the decision-making efficiency by introducing an adaptive-search-depth mechanism and a neural network into the traditional Monte Carlo Tree Search(MCTS).Numerical simulations confirm the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.展开更多
Determination of Shear Bond strength(SBS)at interlayer of double-layer asphalt concrete is crucial in flexible pavement structures.The study used three Machine Learning(ML)models,including K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN),Ext...Determination of Shear Bond strength(SBS)at interlayer of double-layer asphalt concrete is crucial in flexible pavement structures.The study used three Machine Learning(ML)models,including K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN),Extra Trees(ET),and Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LGBM),to predict SBS based on easily determinable input parameters.Also,the Grid Search technique was employed for hyper-parameter tuning of the ML models,and cross-validation and learning curve analysis were used for training the models.The models were built on a database of 240 experimental results and three input variables:temperature,normal pressure,and tack coat rate.Model validation was performed using three statistical criteria:the coefficient of determination(R2),the Root Mean Square Error(RMSE),and the mean absolute error(MAE).Additionally,SHAP analysis was also used to validate the importance of the input variables in the prediction of the SBS.Results show that these models accurately predict SBS,with LGBM providing outstanding performance.SHAP(Shapley Additive explanation)analysis for LGBM indicates that temperature is the most influential factor on SBS.Consequently,the proposed ML models can quickly and accurately predict SBS between two layers of asphalt concrete,serving practical applications in flexible pavement structure design.展开更多
Traditional source search algorithms are prone to local optimization,and source search methods combining crowdsourcing and human-AI collaboration suffer from low cost-efficiency due to human intervention.In this study...Traditional source search algorithms are prone to local optimization,and source search methods combining crowdsourcing and human-AI collaboration suffer from low cost-efficiency due to human intervention.In this study,we proposed a lightweight human-AI collaboration framework that utilized multi-modal large language models(MLLMs)to achieve visual-language conversion,combined chain-of-thought(CoT)reasoning to optimize decision-making,and constructed a heuristic strategy that incorporated probability distribution filtering and a balance between exploitation and exploration.The effectiveness of the framework was verified by experiments.The human-AI alignment heuristic strategy with large language model adaptation design provides a new idea to reduce manual dependency for source search task in complex scenes.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Foundation of Southwest University for Nationalities(09NZD001).
文摘Many difficult engineering problems cannot be solved by the conventional optimization techniques in practice. Direct searches that need no recourse to explicit derivatives are revived and become popular since the new century. In order to get a deep insight into this field, some notes on the direct searches for non-smooth optimization problems are made. The global convergence vs. local convergence and their influences on expected solutions for simulation-based stochastic optimization are pointed out. The sufficient and simple decrease criteria for step acceptance are analyzed, and why simple decrease is enough for globalization in direct searches is identified. The reason to introduce the positive spanning set and its usage in direct searches is explained. Other topics such as the generalization of direct searches to bound, linear and non-linear constraints are also briefly discussed.
文摘THE ceremonious premiere was recently held of a Chinese film whose theme is the grim search by a policeman in a small town for his missing gun. The film is the maiden work of a young director. It starred Jiang Wen, cur-
文摘Geologists explore the ground to locate mineral resources,investigate and characterise the properties and behaviour the soils and rocks as part of a geotechnical ground investigation and for geohazard assessments.Similarly,the police may search the ground to locate homicide graves,weapons,firearms,drugs or items of value that have been buried beneath the ground surface as part of a criminal or terrorist act.Historically,the methods and techniques used by geologists and law enforcement evolved separately.Conventionally,geologists and law enforcement officers worked in isolation to explore and investigate or search the ground.Over the past decade the authors,with different and complimentary capabilities,began working in collaboration during the search for a grave.This provided the opportunity and incentive for geological and law enforcement investigative strategies to be brought together.This has enabled the development of a high assurance ground search strategy.This paper provides an overview of ground searches how these have advanced and developed.
文摘Ensuring the correctness of answers to substring queries has not been a concern for consumers working within the traditional confines of their own organisational infrastructure. This is due to the fact that organisations generally trust their handling of their own data hosted on their own servers and networks. With cloud computing however, where both data and processing are delegated to unknown servers, guarantees of the correctness of queries need to be available. The verification of the results of substring searches has not been given much focus to date within the wider scope of data and query, verification. We present a verification scheme for existential substring searc, hes on text files, which is the first of its kind to satisfy the desired properties of authenticity, completeness, and freshness. The scheme is based on suffix arrays, Merkle hash trees and cryptographic hashes to provide strong guarantees of correctness for the consumer, even in fully untrusted environments. We provide a description of our scheme, along with the results of experiments conducted on a fully-working prototype.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of China ( No. 70472016).
文摘We studied the information search behaviors of Chinese consumers of miniature automobiles. First, we identified the main sources where consumers acquire or seek information about miniature automobiles and discussed their extent of information search. Then, based on logistic regression and optimal scaling regression of statistics, we studied the influences of characteristics of consumers of miniature automobiles on the extent of information search and on Internet usage. The results indicate that consumers often utilize four sources to obtain information about miniature automobiles. The dominant information source for consumers is their friends/family, followed by dealers, newspapers, and TV. Age, occupation, education and income significantly affect the extent of information search, but gender and city of residence do not have significant impacts. Age, city of residence, occupation, education and income produce significant influences on Internet usage. Gender has an insignificant influence on whether a consumer uses the Internet to search for information.
基金Partly Supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development (863) Program of China (No. 2007AA01Z152)the Basic Research Foundation of Tsinghua National Laboratory for Information Science and Technology (TNList)2008 HP Labs Innovation Research Program
文摘This paper presents an effective keyword search method for data-centric extensive markup language （XML） documents. The method divides an XML document into compact connected integral subtrees, called self-integral trees （SI-Trees）, to capture the structural information in the XML document. The SI-Trees are generated based on a schema guide. Meaningful self-integral trees （MSI-Trees） are identified, which contain all or some of the input keywords for the keyword search in the XML documents. Indexing is used to accelerate the retrieval of MSI-Trees related to the input keywords. The MSI-Trees are ranked to identify the top-k results with the highest ranks. Extensive tests demonstrate that this method costs 10-100 ms to answer a keyword query, and outperforms existing approaches by 1-2 orders of magnitude.
文摘Magnetic Monopole SearchesIsolated supermassive monopole candidate events have not been confirmed. The most sensitive experiments obtain negative results.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （grant No. 10231060）, the Specialized Research Fund of Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China at No,20040319003 and the Graduates＇ Creative Project of Jiangsu Province, China,
文摘In this paper, an algorithm for unconstrained optimization that employs both trust region techniques and curvilinear searches is proposed. At every iteration, we solve the trust region subproblem whose radius is generated adaptively only once. Nonmonotonic backtracking curvilinear searches are performed when the solution of the subproblem is unacceptable. The global convergence and fast local convergence rate of the proposed algorithms are established under some reasonable conditions. The results of numerical ＇experiments are reported to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos. 70831003, 70890081, and 70772022the MOE Project of Key Research Institute of Humanity and Social Sciences at Universities (06JJD630014)
文摘The mobile search, a combination of a web search engine and a mobile communication system, is viewed as the most influential application in the 3G era. Therefore, mobile search service providers are eager to know which factors most influence user acceptance of mobile searches. Based on the characteristics of mobile searches and a review of previous information technology acceptance research, this study integrates the task technology fit model and the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology model to develop a mobile search acceptance model and empirically tests this model. This study finds that, for mobile searches, the performance expectancy, social influence, and perceived cost all significantly influence use intention and the performance expectancy increases with the increasing user＇s experience and higher tasktechnology fit degree. The effort expectancy is found to not affect the use intention of mobile searches and the users＇ gender does not have a significant moderating effect on the use intention. The results are then used to develop suggestions for mobile search providers to promote their application and development.
基金The Project is sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Retttmed Overseas Chinese Scholars, Ministry of Education of PRC, and supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation （No. 9144025）. I would like to thank the reviewers who provide insightful comments and suggestions for improving this paper. I also would like to thank the editors who proofread and edit the paper. Without the supportive work of the reviewers and editors, this paper would not have been possible.
文摘Official monthly unemployment data is unavailable in China, while intense public interest in unemployment requires timely and accurate information. Using data on web queries from lead search engines in China, Baidu and Google, I build two indices measuring intensity of online unemployment-related searches. The unemployment-related search indices identify a structural break in the time series between October and November 2008, which corresponds to a turning point indicated by some macroeconomic indicators. The unemployment- related search indices are proven to have significant correlation with Purchasing Managers＇ Employment Indices and a set of macroeconomic indicators that are closely related to changes in unemployment in China. The results of Granger causality analysis show that the unemployment-related search indices can improve predictions of the c indicators. It suggests that unemploy- ment-related searches can potentially provide valuable, timely, and low-cost information for macroeconomic monitoring.
基金Supported by the European Commission under the 7th Framework Programme,the Large Knowledge Collider (LarKC) Project (No.FP7-215535)
文摘Literature searches on the Web result in great volumes of query results. A model is presented here to refine the search process using user interests. User interests are analyzed to calculate semantic similarity among the interest terms to refine the query. Traditional general purpose similarity measures may not always fit a domain specific context. This paper presents a similarity method for medical literature searches based on the biomedical literature knowledge source ＂MEDLINE＂, the normalized MEDLINE distance, to more reasonably reflect the relevance between medical terms. This measure gives more accurate user interest descriptions through calculating the similarities of user interest terms to rerank the interest term list. The accurate user interest descriptions can be used for query refinement in keyword searches to give more personalized results for the user. This measure also improves the search results for personalization through controlling the return number of results on each topic of interest.
文摘This paper describes an efficient, low latency systolic array architecture for full searches in block matching motion estimation. Conventional one dimensional systolic array architecture is used to develop a novel ring like systolic array architecture through operator rescheduling considering the symmetry of the data flow. High latency delay due to stuffing of the array pipeline in the conventional architecture was eliminated. The new architecture delivers a higher throughput rate, achieves higher processor utilization, and has low power consumption. In addition, the minimum memory bandwidth of the conventional architecture is preserved.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.19801033 and 10171104).
文摘Two Armijo-type line searches are proposed in this paper for nonlinear conjugate gradient methods. Under these line searches, global convergence results are established for several famous conjugate gradient methods, including the Fletcher-Reeves method, the Polak-Ribiere-Polyak method, and the conjugate descent method.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82202078)the Major Project of the National Social Science Foundation of China(23&ZD203)+3 种基金the Open Project of the Key Laboratory of Forensic Genetics of the Ministry of Public Security(2022FGKFKT05)the Center for Archaeological Science of Sichuan University(23SASA01)the 1‧3‧5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(ZYJC20002)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2024NSFSC1518).
文摘Genetic genealogy provides crucial insights into the complex biological relationships within contemporary and ancient human populations by analyzing shared alleles and chromosomal segments that are identical by descent to understand kinship,migration patterns,and population dynamics.Within forensic science,forensic investigative genetic genealogy(FIGG)has gained prominence by leveraging next-generation sequencing technologies and population-specific genomic resources,opening useful investigative avenues.In this review,we synthesize current knowledge,underscore recent advancements,and discuss the growing role of FIGG in forensic genomics.FIGG has been pivotal in revitalizing dormant inquiries and offering genetic leads in numerous cold cases.Its effectiveness relies on the extensive single-nucleotide polymorphism profiles contributed by individuals from diverse populations to specialized genomic databases.Advances in computational genomics and the growth of human genomic databases have spurred a profound shift in the application of genetic genealogy across forensics,anthropology,and ancient DNA studies.As the field progresses,FIGG is evolving from a nascent practice into a more sophisticated and specialized discipline,shaping the future of forensic investigations.
文摘This paper explores increased use of the concept of“medical bilingualism”since 2015 as scholars,especially of East Asian medical history and anthropology,have applied it to engagements between two medical systems.It reveals an ongoing evolution in the way that scholars understand what a medical system is and how medical systems are differentiated and compared with one another.The image of culturally homogeneous systems of meaning and practice that dominated mid-twentieth-century scholarship on medical systems(especially using the category of ethnomedicines)has been giving way to a more culturally heterogeneous and cosmopolitan picture of how medical practitioners evolve,integrate,and differentiate medical concepts and practices in the context of contemporary societies and the new forms of life they engender.This reformulated concept of medical bilingualism emphasizes the ways in which medical systems overlap yet remain distinct.First,the paper summarizes results of an experiment with AI searches on medical bilingualism,then narrates its historiography both pre-COVID-19 and during COVID-19,and finally concludes with some reflections on language ideology,multilingualism,and medical pluralism.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grant(No.51677058).
文摘Precisely estimating the state of health(SOH)of lithium-ion batteries is essential for battery management systems(BMS),as it plays a key role in ensuring the safe and reliable operation of battery systems.However,current SOH estimation methods often overlook the valuable temperature information that can effectively characterize battery aging during capacity degradation.Additionally,the Elman neural network,which is commonly employed for SOH estimation,exhibits several drawbacks,including slow training speed,a tendency to become trapped in local minima,and the initialization of weights and thresholds using pseudo-random numbers,leading to unstable model performance.To address these issues,this study addresses the challenge of precise and effective SOH detection by proposing a method for estimating the SOH of lithium-ion batteries based on differential thermal voltammetry(DTV)and an SSA-Elman neural network.Firstly,two health features(HFs)considering temperature factors and battery voltage are extracted fromthe differential thermal voltammetry curves and incremental capacity curves.Next,the Sparrow Search Algorithm(SSA)is employed to optimize the initial weights and thresholds of the Elman neural network,forming the SSA-Elman neural network model.To validate the performance,various neural networks,including the proposed SSA-Elman network,are tested using the Oxford battery aging dataset.The experimental results demonstrate that the method developed in this study achieves superior accuracy and robustness,with a mean absolute error(MAE)of less than 0.9%and a rootmean square error(RMSE)below 1.4%.
基金co-supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U23B6001,62273118,12150008)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.2023FRFK02043)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province,China(No.LH2022F023)China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation Youth Talent Support Program.
文摘Non-contact debris removal methods are fuel-efficient in a single operation compared to contact-based strategies as spacecraft don’t need to match debris velocity.To comprehensively analyze this scheme,maneuvering schemes for maximum debris removal with minimum fuel consumption,including task assignment,sequence planning,and trajectory planning,must be formulated.The coupling between variables’dimensions and optimization results in task assignment poses challenges,as debris removal is repetitive and uncertain,leading to a vast search space.This paper proposes a novel Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure with Large Neighborhood and Crossover Mechanisms(GRASP-LNCM)to address this problem.The hybrid dynamic iteration mechanism improves computational efficiency and enhances the optimality of results.The model innovatively considers unsuccessful single removal by using a quantitative method to assess removal percentage.In addition,to improve the efficiency of sequence and trajectory planning,a Suboptimal Search Algorithm(SSA)based on the Lambert property and accelerated Multi-Revolution Lambert Problem(MRLP)solving strategy is established.Finally,a real Iridium-33 debris removal mission is studied.The simulation demonstrates that the proposed algorithm achieves state-of-the-art performance in several typical scenarios.Compared to the contact-based scheme,the new one is simpler,saving more fuel under certain conditions.
基金co-supported by the Foundation of Shanghai Astronautics Science and Technology Innovation,China(No.SAST2022-114)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62303378),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.124B2031,12202281)the Foundation of China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Test Physics&Numerical Mathematics,China(No.08-YY-2023-R11)。
文摘The problem of collision avoidance for non-cooperative targets has received significant attention from researchers in recent years.Non-cooperative targets exhibit uncertain states and unpredictable behaviors,making collision avoidance significantly more challenging than that for space debris.Much existing research focuses on the continuous thrust model,whereas the impulsive maneuver model is more appropriate for long-duration and long-distance avoidance missions.Additionally,it is important to minimize the impact on the original mission while avoiding noncooperative targets.On the other hand,the existing avoidance algorithms are computationally complex and time-consuming especially with the limited computing capability of the on-board computer,posing challenges for practical engineering applications.To conquer these difficulties,this paper makes the following key contributions:(A)a turn-based(sequential decision-making)limited-area impulsive collision avoidance model considering the time delay of precision orbit determination is established for the first time;(B)a novel Selection Probability Learning Adaptive Search-depth Search Tree(SPL-ASST)algorithm is proposed for non-cooperative target avoidance,which improves the decision-making efficiency by introducing an adaptive-search-depth mechanism and a neural network into the traditional Monte Carlo Tree Search(MCTS).Numerical simulations confirm the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method.
基金the University of Transport Technology under grant number DTTD2022-12.
文摘Determination of Shear Bond strength(SBS)at interlayer of double-layer asphalt concrete is crucial in flexible pavement structures.The study used three Machine Learning(ML)models,including K-Nearest Neighbors(KNN),Extra Trees(ET),and Light Gradient Boosting Machine(LGBM),to predict SBS based on easily determinable input parameters.Also,the Grid Search technique was employed for hyper-parameter tuning of the ML models,and cross-validation and learning curve analysis were used for training the models.The models were built on a database of 240 experimental results and three input variables:temperature,normal pressure,and tack coat rate.Model validation was performed using three statistical criteria:the coefficient of determination(R2),the Root Mean Square Error(RMSE),and the mean absolute error(MAE).Additionally,SHAP analysis was also used to validate the importance of the input variables in the prediction of the SBS.Results show that these models accurately predict SBS,with LGBM providing outstanding performance.SHAP(Shapley Additive explanation)analysis for LGBM indicates that temperature is the most influential factor on SBS.Consequently,the proposed ML models can quickly and accurately predict SBS between two layers of asphalt concrete,serving practical applications in flexible pavement structure design.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (62202477)。
文摘Traditional source search algorithms are prone to local optimization,and source search methods combining crowdsourcing and human-AI collaboration suffer from low cost-efficiency due to human intervention.In this study,we proposed a lightweight human-AI collaboration framework that utilized multi-modal large language models(MLLMs)to achieve visual-language conversion,combined chain-of-thought(CoT)reasoning to optimize decision-making,and constructed a heuristic strategy that incorporated probability distribution filtering and a balance between exploitation and exploration.The effectiveness of the framework was verified by experiments.The human-AI alignment heuristic strategy with large language model adaptation design provides a new idea to reduce manual dependency for source search task in complex scenes.
