In order to explore the relationship between the time processes of solar radiation and sap flow, sap flow velocity （SFV） of Platycladus orientalis and Pinus tabulaeformis, effective solar radiation （ESR） and other...In order to explore the relationship between the time processes of solar radiation and sap flow, sap flow velocity （SFV） of Platycladus orientalis and Pinus tabulaeformis, effective solar radiation （ESR） and other environmental factors were synchronously monitored for one year in the Beijing Western Mountains by using a thermal dissipation probe （TDP） system and an automatic weather station. Results showed significant differences between changes in diurnal characteristics of ESR and sap flow in sunny days during three seasons. Starting times of sap flow occurred generally 1.5-3 hours later than those of solar radiation and there were small differences between Platycladus orientalis and Pinus tabulaeformis. But peak times and stopping times of sap flow varied considerably with large contrasts in ESR. The duration of sap flow showed clear differences among the seasons owing to the variable rhythms of climate factors in Beijing. Fluctuation amplitude in the duration of sap flow remained relatively stable during the autumn but changed greatly during spring and summer. Changes in diurnal sap flow velocity of both Platycladus orientalis and Pinus tabulaeformis were about 0-3 hours later than those of ESR but with the same configuration. The start of sap flow was mainly induced by the sudden intensification of ESR （sunrise effect）. Seasonal models of SFV indicated that a cubic equation had the best fit. It was more practical to simulate seasonal water consumption models of trees with ESR. In further investigations, these models should be optimized.展开更多
作为企业资源计划（ERP）系统中的佼佼者,SAP（System,Applications and Products in Data Processing,数据处理的系统、应用及产品）已经被90%的财富500强制药企业所使用。在药品的生产过程中,特别是生物药,需要实施对其生产过程中间...作为企业资源计划（ERP）系统中的佼佼者,SAP（System,Applications and Products in Data Processing,数据处理的系统、应用及产品）已经被90%的财富500强制药企业所使用。在药品的生产过程中,特别是生物药,需要实施对其生产过程中间工序产物的检验,用来实现对药品生产过程的管控,确认其质量状态,确保过程产物符合药品质量要求。该文从实际应用的角度出发,通过在SAP中进行系统配置及实际业务操作的综合应用,实现了SAP对药品的生产过程进行质量管理的控制,同时也满足GMP的要求。展开更多
文摘In order to explore the relationship between the time processes of solar radiation and sap flow, sap flow velocity （SFV） of Platycladus orientalis and Pinus tabulaeformis, effective solar radiation （ESR） and other environmental factors were synchronously monitored for one year in the Beijing Western Mountains by using a thermal dissipation probe （TDP） system and an automatic weather station. Results showed significant differences between changes in diurnal characteristics of ESR and sap flow in sunny days during three seasons. Starting times of sap flow occurred generally 1.5-3 hours later than those of solar radiation and there were small differences between Platycladus orientalis and Pinus tabulaeformis. But peak times and stopping times of sap flow varied considerably with large contrasts in ESR. The duration of sap flow showed clear differences among the seasons owing to the variable rhythms of climate factors in Beijing. Fluctuation amplitude in the duration of sap flow remained relatively stable during the autumn but changed greatly during spring and summer. Changes in diurnal sap flow velocity of both Platycladus orientalis and Pinus tabulaeformis were about 0-3 hours later than those of ESR but with the same configuration. The start of sap flow was mainly induced by the sudden intensification of ESR （sunrise effect）. Seasonal models of SFV indicated that a cubic equation had the best fit. It was more practical to simulate seasonal water consumption models of trees with ESR. In further investigations, these models should be optimized.
文摘作为企业资源计划（ERP）系统中的佼佼者,SAP（System,Applications and Products in Data Processing,数据处理的系统、应用及产品）已经被90%的财富500强制药企业所使用。在药品的生产过程中,特别是生物药,需要实施对其生产过程中间工序产物的检验,用来实现对药品生产过程的管控,确认其质量状态,确保过程产物符合药品质量要求。该文从实际应用的角度出发,通过在SAP中进行系统配置及实际业务操作的综合应用,实现了SAP对药品的生产过程进行质量管理的控制,同时也满足GMP的要求。
