The fractional S-transform （FRST） has good time-frequency focusing ability. The FRST can identify geological features by rotating the fractional Fourier transform frequency （FRFTfr） axis. Different seismic signals...The fractional S-transform （FRST） has good time-frequency focusing ability. The FRST can identify geological features by rotating the fractional Fourier transform frequency （FRFTfr） axis. Different seismic signals have different optimal fractional parameters which is not conducive to multichannel seismic data processing. Thus, we first decompose the common-frequency sections by the FRST and then we analyze the low-frequency shadow. Second, the combination of the FRST and blind-source separation is used to obtain the independent spectra of the various geological features. The seismic data interpretation improves without requiring to estimating the optimal fractional parameters. The top and bottom of a limestone reservoir can be clearly recognized on the common-frequency section, thus enhancing the vertical resolution of the analysis of the low-frequency shadows compared with traditional ST. Simulations suggest that the proposed method separates the independent frequency information in the time-fractional-frequency domain. We used field seismic and well data to verify the proposed method.展开更多
In this paper, we analyze the seismic signal in the time-frequency domain using the generalized S-transform combined with spectrum modeling. Without assuming that the reflection coefficients are random white noise as ...In this paper, we analyze the seismic signal in the time-frequency domain using the generalized S-transform combined with spectrum modeling. Without assuming that the reflection coefficients are random white noise as in the conventional resolution-enhanced techniques, the wavelet which changes with time and frequency was simulated and eliminated. After using the inverse S-transform for the processed instantaneous spectrum, the signal in the time domain was obtained again with a more balanced spectrum and broader frequency band. The quality of seismic data was improved without additional noise.展开更多
When a high impedance fault(HIF)occurs in a distribution network,the detection efficiency of traditional protection devices is strongly limited by the weak fault information.In this study,a method based on S-transform...When a high impedance fault(HIF)occurs in a distribution network,the detection efficiency of traditional protection devices is strongly limited by the weak fault information.In this study,a method based on S-transform(ST)and average singular entropy(ASE)is proposed to identify HIFs.First,a wavelet packet transform(WPT)was applied to extract the feature frequency band.Thereafter,the ST was investigated in each half cycle.Afterwards,the obtained time-frequency matrix was denoised by singular value decomposition(SVD),followed by the calculation of the ASE index.Finally,an appropriate threshold was selected to detect the HIFs.The advantages of this method are the ability of fine band division,adaptive time-frequency transformation,and quantitative expression of signal complexity.The performance of the proposed method was verified by simulated and field data,and further analysis revealed that it could still achieve good results under different conditions.展开更多
<div style="text-align:justify;"> Generalized S-transform is a time-frequency analysis method which has higher resolution than S-transform. It can precisely extract the time-amplitude characteristics o...<div style="text-align:justify;"> Generalized S-transform is a time-frequency analysis method which has higher resolution than S-transform. It can precisely extract the time-amplitude characteristics of different frequency components in the signal. In this paper, a novel protection method for VSC-HVDC (Voltage source converter based high voltage DC) based on Generalized S-transform is proposed. Firstly, extracting frequency component of fault current by Generalized S-transform and using mutation point of high frequency to determine the fault time. Secondly, using the zero-frequency component of fault current to eliminate disturbances. Finally, the polarity of sudden change currents in the two terminals is employed to discriminate the internal and external faults. Simulations in PSCAD/EMTDC and MATLAB show that the proposed method can distinguish faults accurately and effectively. </div>展开更多
The echo of the material level is non-stationary and contains many singularities.The echo contains false echoes and noise,which affects the detection of the material level signals,resulting in low accuracy of material...The echo of the material level is non-stationary and contains many singularities.The echo contains false echoes and noise,which affects the detection of the material level signals,resulting in low accuracy of material level measurement.A new method for detecting and correcting the material level signal is proposed,which is based on the generalized S-transform and singular value decomposition(GST-SVD).In this project,the change of material level is regarded as the low speed moving target.First,the generalized S-transform is performed on the echo signals.During the transformation process,the variation trend of window of the generalized S-transform is adjusted according to the frequency distribution characteristics of the material level echo signal,achieving the purpose of detecting the signal.Secondly,the SVD is used to reconstruct the time-frequency coefficient matrix.At last,the reconstructed time-frequency matrix performs an inverse transform.The experimental results show that the method can accurately detect the material level echo signal,and it can reserve the detailed characteristics of the signal while suppressing the noise,and reduce the false echo interference.Compared with other methods,the material level measurement error does not exceed 4.01%,and the material level measurement accuracy can reach 0.40%F.S.展开更多
Ocular artifacts are most unwanted disturbance in electroencephalograph (EEG) signals. These are characterized by high amplitude but have overlap-ping frequency band with the useful signal. Hence, it is difficult to r...Ocular artifacts are most unwanted disturbance in electroencephalograph (EEG) signals. These are characterized by high amplitude but have overlap-ping frequency band with the useful signal. Hence, it is difficult to remove the ocular artifacts by traditional filtering methods. This paper proposes a new approach of artifact removal using S-transform (ST). It provides an instantaneous time-frequency repre-sentation of a time-varying signal and generates high magnitude S-coefficients at the instances of abrupt changes in the signal. A threshold function has been defined in S-domain to detect the artifact zone in the signal. The artifact has been attenuated by a suitable multiplying factor. The major advantage of ST-fil- tering is that the artifacts may be removed within a narrow time-window, while preserving the frequency information at all other time points. It also preserves the absolutely referenced phase information of the signal after the removal of artifacts. Finally, a com-parative study with wavelet transform (WT) and in-dependent component analysis (ICA) demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.展开更多
Aiming at the problems of multiple types of power quality composite disturbances,strong feature correlation and high recognition error rate,a method of power quality composite disturbances identification based on mult...Aiming at the problems of multiple types of power quality composite disturbances,strong feature correlation and high recognition error rate,a method of power quality composite disturbances identification based on multiresolution S-transform and decision tree was proposed.Firstly,according to IEEE standard,the signal models of seven single power quality disturbances and 17 combined power quality disturbances are given,and the disturbance waveform samples are generated in batches.Then,in order to improve the recognition accuracy,the adjustment factor is introduced to obtain the controllable time-frequency resolution through multi-resolution S-transform time-frequency domain analysis.On this basis,five disturbance time-frequency domain features are extracted,which quantitatively reflect the characteristics of the analyzed power quality disturbance signal,which is less than the traditional method based on S-transform.Finally,three classifiers such as K-nearest neighbor,support vector machine and decision tree algorithm are used to effectively complete the identification of power quality composite disturbances.Simulation results showthat the classification accuracy of decision tree algorithmis higher than that of K-nearest neighbor and support vector machine.Finally,the proposed method is compared with other commonly used recognition algorithms.Experimental results show that the proposedmethod is effective in terms of detection accuracy,especially for combined PQ interference.展开更多
Cognitive Radio (CR) uses the principle of dynamic spectrum allocation to improve the utilization of spectrum bands. The estimation of missing data is essential for maintaining an uninterrupted quality of service in t...Cognitive Radio (CR) uses the principle of dynamic spectrum allocation to improve the utilization of spectrum bands. The estimation of missing data is essential for maintaining an uninterrupted quality of service in the CR. However, the existing methods are not suitable for interpolating missing data in high frequency signals. The storage of spectrum occupancy information is crucial for learning the spectrum usage and prediction. The existing techniques for wideband spectrum sensing suffer from poor edge detection capabilities. This paper proposes an STransformation (ST) based approach to solve these problems. For missing samples, the proposed method improves the accuracy of estimation. The ST can also be used to store the spectrum occupancy information. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms others by improving the accuracy of edge detection. Further, the simple implementation of the ST in the frequency domain is an advantage for the real time application.展开更多
The characteristic property of white Gaussian noise (WGN) is derived in S-transformation domain. The results show that the distribution of normalized S-spectrum of WGN follows X2?distribution with two degrees of freed...The characteristic property of white Gaussian noise (WGN) is derived in S-transformation domain. The results show that the distribution of normalized S-spectrum of WGN follows X2?distribution with two degrees of freedom. The conclusion has been confirmed through both theoretical derivations and numerical simulations. Combined with different criteria, an effective signal detection in S-transformation can be realized.展开更多
In this paper, a SVM classifier based on S-Transform is presented for power quality disturbances classification. Firstly, seven types of PQ events are created using Matlab simulation. These signals are analyzed to det...In this paper, a SVM classifier based on S-Transform is presented for power quality disturbances classification. Firstly, seven types of PQ events are created using Matlab simulation. These signals are analyzed to detect and localize PQ events via S-Transform by visual inspection. Then five significant features of the PQ disturbances are extracted from the S-Transform output. Afterwards, PQ disturbance samples with the five features are fed to SVM for training and automatic classification. Besides, particle swarm optimization is implemented to improve the performance of SVM. The results of the classification indicate that SVM classifier is an effective mechanism to detect and classify power quality disturbances.展开更多
As a relatively new method of processing non-stationary signal with high time-frequency resolution, S transform can be used to analyze the time-frequency characteristics of seismic signals. It has the following charac...As a relatively new method of processing non-stationary signal with high time-frequency resolution, S transform can be used to analyze the time-frequency characteristics of seismic signals. It has the following characteristics: its time-frequency resolution corresponding to the signal frequency, reversible inverse transform, basic wavelet that does not have to meet the permit conditions. We combined the threshold method, proposed the S-transform threshold filtering on the basis of S transform timefrequency filtering, and processed airgun seismic records from temporary stations in "Yangtze Program"(the Anhui experiment). Compared with the results of the bandpass filtering, the S transform threshold filtering can improve the signal to noise ratio(SNR) of seismic waves and provide effective help for first arrival pickup and accurate travel time. The first arrival wave seismic phase can be traced farther continuously, and the Pm seismic phase in the subsequent zone is also highlighted.展开更多
Time-frequency(TF)analysis(TFA)is one of the effective methods to deal with non-stationary signals.Due to their advantages,many experts and scholars have recently developed post-processing algorithms based on traditio...Time-frequency(TF)analysis(TFA)is one of the effective methods to deal with non-stationary signals.Due to their advantages,many experts and scholars have recently developed post-processing algorithms based on traditional TFA.Among them,shorttime Fourier transform(STFT)based post-processing algorithms have developed the fastest.However,these methods rely heavily on the window length selected in STFT,which has great influence on the post-processing algorithm.In this paper,a postprocessing algorithm for effectively processing pulse signals was proposed and called time-extracting S-transform(TEST).The time-domain extraction method based on S-transform avoids the influence of uncertain parameters.After comparing the performance of various TFA methods when processing analog signals,the proposed TEST can clearly show the pulse occurrence time under the premise of ensuring high TF aggregation.The actual signal proves that the method can be used for fault diagnosis of rolling bearings.展开更多
Sound waves propagate well underwater making it useful for target locating and communication.Underwater acoustic noise(UWAN)affects the reliability in applications where the noise comes from multiple sources.In this p...Sound waves propagate well underwater making it useful for target locating and communication.Underwater acoustic noise(UWAN)affects the reliability in applications where the noise comes from multiple sources.In this paper,a novel signal de-noising technique is proposed using S-transform.From the time-frequency representation,de-noising is performed using soft thresholding with universal threshold estimation which is then reconstructed.The UWAN used for the validation is sea truth data collected at Desaru beach on the eastern shore of Johor in Malaysia with the use of broadband hydrophones.The comparison is made with the more conventionally used wavelet transform de-noising method.Two types of signals are evaluated:fixed frequency signals and time-varying signals.The results demonstrate that the proposed method shows better signal to noise ratio(SNR)by 4 dB and lower root mean square error(RMSE)by 3 dB achieved at the Nyquist sampling frequency compared to the previously proposed de-noising method like wavelet transform.展开更多
Electric load movement forecast is increasingly importance for the industry.This study addresses the load movement forecast modeling based on complex matrix interpolation of the S-transform(ST).In complex matrix of ti...Electric load movement forecast is increasingly importance for the industry.This study addresses the load movement forecast modeling based on complex matrix interpolation of the S-transform(ST).In complex matrix of time-frequency representation of the ST,each row follows conjugate symmetric property and each column appears a certain degree of similarity.Based on these characteristics,a complex matrix interpolation method for the time-frequency representation of the ST is proposed to interpolate each row of the complex matrix based on the conjugate symmetric property,and then to perform nearestneighbor interpolation on each column.Then with periodic extension for daily and yearly electric load movement,a forecast model employing the complex matrix interpolation of the ST is introduced.The forecast approach is applied to predict daily load movement of the European Network on Intelligent Technologies(EUNITE)load dataset and annual electric load movement of State Gird Corporation of China and its branches in 2005 and 2006.Result analysis indicates workability and effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
基金supported by the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Chengdu University of Technology(No.PLC201402)National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.U1562111)
文摘The fractional S-transform （FRST） has good time-frequency focusing ability. The FRST can identify geological features by rotating the fractional Fourier transform frequency （FRFTfr） axis. Different seismic signals have different optimal fractional parameters which is not conducive to multichannel seismic data processing. Thus, we first decompose the common-frequency sections by the FRST and then we analyze the low-frequency shadow. Second, the combination of the FRST and blind-source separation is used to obtain the independent spectra of the various geological features. The seismic data interpretation improves without requiring to estimating the optimal fractional parameters. The top and bottom of a limestone reservoir can be clearly recognized on the common-frequency section, thus enhancing the vertical resolution of the analysis of the low-frequency shadows compared with traditional ST. Simulations suggest that the proposed method separates the independent frequency information in the time-fractional-frequency domain. We used field seismic and well data to verify the proposed method.
基金supported by National 973 Key Basic Research Development Program(No.2007CB209602)National 863 High Technology Research Development Program(No.2007AA067.229)
文摘In this paper, we analyze the seismic signal in the time-frequency domain using the generalized S-transform combined with spectrum modeling. Without assuming that the reflection coefficients are random white noise as in the conventional resolution-enhanced techniques, the wavelet which changes with time and frequency was simulated and eliminated. After using the inverse S-transform for the processed instantaneous spectrum, the signal in the time domain was obtained again with a more balanced spectrum and broader frequency band. The quality of seismic data was improved without additional noise.
基金financial supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian,China(2021J01633).
文摘When a high impedance fault(HIF)occurs in a distribution network,the detection efficiency of traditional protection devices is strongly limited by the weak fault information.In this study,a method based on S-transform(ST)and average singular entropy(ASE)is proposed to identify HIFs.First,a wavelet packet transform(WPT)was applied to extract the feature frequency band.Thereafter,the ST was investigated in each half cycle.Afterwards,the obtained time-frequency matrix was denoised by singular value decomposition(SVD),followed by the calculation of the ASE index.Finally,an appropriate threshold was selected to detect the HIFs.The advantages of this method are the ability of fine band division,adaptive time-frequency transformation,and quantitative expression of signal complexity.The performance of the proposed method was verified by simulated and field data,and further analysis revealed that it could still achieve good results under different conditions.
文摘<div style="text-align:justify;"> Generalized S-transform is a time-frequency analysis method which has higher resolution than S-transform. It can precisely extract the time-amplitude characteristics of different frequency components in the signal. In this paper, a novel protection method for VSC-HVDC (Voltage source converter based high voltage DC) based on Generalized S-transform is proposed. Firstly, extracting frequency component of fault current by Generalized S-transform and using mutation point of high frequency to determine the fault time. Secondly, using the zero-frequency component of fault current to eliminate disturbances. Finally, the polarity of sudden change currents in the two terminals is employed to discriminate the internal and external faults. Simulations in PSCAD/EMTDC and MATLAB show that the proposed method can distinguish faults accurately and effectively. </div>
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61761027)。
文摘The echo of the material level is non-stationary and contains many singularities.The echo contains false echoes and noise,which affects the detection of the material level signals,resulting in low accuracy of material level measurement.A new method for detecting and correcting the material level signal is proposed,which is based on the generalized S-transform and singular value decomposition(GST-SVD).In this project,the change of material level is regarded as the low speed moving target.First,the generalized S-transform is performed on the echo signals.During the transformation process,the variation trend of window of the generalized S-transform is adjusted according to the frequency distribution characteristics of the material level echo signal,achieving the purpose of detecting the signal.Secondly,the SVD is used to reconstruct the time-frequency coefficient matrix.At last,the reconstructed time-frequency matrix performs an inverse transform.The experimental results show that the method can accurately detect the material level echo signal,and it can reserve the detailed characteristics of the signal while suppressing the noise,and reduce the false echo interference.Compared with other methods,the material level measurement error does not exceed 4.01%,and the material level measurement accuracy can reach 0.40%F.S.
文摘Ocular artifacts are most unwanted disturbance in electroencephalograph (EEG) signals. These are characterized by high amplitude but have overlap-ping frequency band with the useful signal. Hence, it is difficult to remove the ocular artifacts by traditional filtering methods. This paper proposes a new approach of artifact removal using S-transform (ST). It provides an instantaneous time-frequency repre-sentation of a time-varying signal and generates high magnitude S-coefficients at the instances of abrupt changes in the signal. A threshold function has been defined in S-domain to detect the artifact zone in the signal. The artifact has been attenuated by a suitable multiplying factor. The major advantage of ST-fil- tering is that the artifacts may be removed within a narrow time-window, while preserving the frequency information at all other time points. It also preserves the absolutely referenced phase information of the signal after the removal of artifacts. Finally, a com-parative study with wavelet transform (WT) and in-dependent component analysis (ICA) demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
基金Foundation of China(No.52067013)the Key Natural Science Fund Project of Gansu Provincial Department of Science and Technology(No.21JR7RA280)+1 种基金the Tianyou Innovation Team Science Foundation of Intelligent Power Supply and State Perception for Rail Transit(No.TY202010)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(No.20JR5RA395).
文摘Aiming at the problems of multiple types of power quality composite disturbances,strong feature correlation and high recognition error rate,a method of power quality composite disturbances identification based on multiresolution S-transform and decision tree was proposed.Firstly,according to IEEE standard,the signal models of seven single power quality disturbances and 17 combined power quality disturbances are given,and the disturbance waveform samples are generated in batches.Then,in order to improve the recognition accuracy,the adjustment factor is introduced to obtain the controllable time-frequency resolution through multi-resolution S-transform time-frequency domain analysis.On this basis,five disturbance time-frequency domain features are extracted,which quantitatively reflect the characteristics of the analyzed power quality disturbance signal,which is less than the traditional method based on S-transform.Finally,three classifiers such as K-nearest neighbor,support vector machine and decision tree algorithm are used to effectively complete the identification of power quality composite disturbances.Simulation results showthat the classification accuracy of decision tree algorithmis higher than that of K-nearest neighbor and support vector machine.Finally,the proposed method is compared with other commonly used recognition algorithms.Experimental results show that the proposedmethod is effective in terms of detection accuracy,especially for combined PQ interference.
文摘Cognitive Radio (CR) uses the principle of dynamic spectrum allocation to improve the utilization of spectrum bands. The estimation of missing data is essential for maintaining an uninterrupted quality of service in the CR. However, the existing methods are not suitable for interpolating missing data in high frequency signals. The storage of spectrum occupancy information is crucial for learning the spectrum usage and prediction. The existing techniques for wideband spectrum sensing suffer from poor edge detection capabilities. This paper proposes an STransformation (ST) based approach to solve these problems. For missing samples, the proposed method improves the accuracy of estimation. The ST can also be used to store the spectrum occupancy information. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms others by improving the accuracy of edge detection. Further, the simple implementation of the ST in the frequency domain is an advantage for the real time application.
文摘The characteristic property of white Gaussian noise (WGN) is derived in S-transformation domain. The results show that the distribution of normalized S-spectrum of WGN follows X2?distribution with two degrees of freedom. The conclusion has been confirmed through both theoretical derivations and numerical simulations. Combined with different criteria, an effective signal detection in S-transformation can be realized.
文摘In this paper, a SVM classifier based on S-Transform is presented for power quality disturbances classification. Firstly, seven types of PQ events are created using Matlab simulation. These signals are analyzed to detect and localize PQ events via S-Transform by visual inspection. Then five significant features of the PQ disturbances are extracted from the S-Transform output. Afterwards, PQ disturbance samples with the five features are fed to SVM for training and automatic classification. Besides, particle swarm optimization is implemented to improve the performance of SVM. The results of the classification indicate that SVM classifier is an effective mechanism to detect and classify power quality disturbances.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation Item (41674068)Seismic Youth Funding of GEC (YFGEC2016001)
文摘As a relatively new method of processing non-stationary signal with high time-frequency resolution, S transform can be used to analyze the time-frequency characteristics of seismic signals. It has the following characteristics: its time-frequency resolution corresponding to the signal frequency, reversible inverse transform, basic wavelet that does not have to meet the permit conditions. We combined the threshold method, proposed the S-transform threshold filtering on the basis of S transform timefrequency filtering, and processed airgun seismic records from temporary stations in "Yangtze Program"(the Anhui experiment). Compared with the results of the bandpass filtering, the S transform threshold filtering can improve the signal to noise ratio(SNR) of seismic waves and provide effective help for first arrival pickup and accurate travel time. The first arrival wave seismic phase can be traced farther continuously, and the Pm seismic phase in the subsequent zone is also highlighted.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 51775005 and 51675009)
文摘Time-frequency(TF)analysis(TFA)is one of the effective methods to deal with non-stationary signals.Due to their advantages,many experts and scholars have recently developed post-processing algorithms based on traditional TFA.Among them,shorttime Fourier transform(STFT)based post-processing algorithms have developed the fastest.However,these methods rely heavily on the window length selected in STFT,which has great influence on the post-processing algorithm.In this paper,a postprocessing algorithm for effectively processing pulse signals was proposed and called time-extracting S-transform(TEST).The time-domain extraction method based on S-transform avoids the influence of uncertain parameters.After comparing the performance of various TFA methods when processing analog signals,the proposed TEST can clearly show the pulse occurrence time under the premise of ensuring high TF aggregation.The actual signal proves that the method can be used for fault diagnosis of rolling bearings.
基金The authors would like to thank the Universiti Teknologi Malaysia(UTM)and Ministry of Higher Education(MOHE)Malaysia for supporting this work.
文摘Sound waves propagate well underwater making it useful for target locating and communication.Underwater acoustic noise(UWAN)affects the reliability in applications where the noise comes from multiple sources.In this paper,a novel signal de-noising technique is proposed using S-transform.From the time-frequency representation,de-noising is performed using soft thresholding with universal threshold estimation which is then reconstructed.The UWAN used for the validation is sea truth data collected at Desaru beach on the eastern shore of Johor in Malaysia with the use of broadband hydrophones.The comparison is made with the more conventionally used wavelet transform de-noising method.Two types of signals are evaluated:fixed frequency signals and time-varying signals.The results demonstrate that the proposed method shows better signal to noise ratio(SNR)by 4 dB and lower root mean square error(RMSE)by 3 dB achieved at the Nyquist sampling frequency compared to the previously proposed de-noising method like wavelet transform.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provin-cial Science and Technology Department(2013GK3090)the research fund of Hunan University of Science and Technology(E50811)。
文摘Electric load movement forecast is increasingly importance for the industry.This study addresses the load movement forecast modeling based on complex matrix interpolation of the S-transform(ST).In complex matrix of time-frequency representation of the ST,each row follows conjugate symmetric property and each column appears a certain degree of similarity.Based on these characteristics,a complex matrix interpolation method for the time-frequency representation of the ST is proposed to interpolate each row of the complex matrix based on the conjugate symmetric property,and then to perform nearestneighbor interpolation on each column.Then with periodic extension for daily and yearly electric load movement,a forecast model employing the complex matrix interpolation of the ST is introduced.The forecast approach is applied to predict daily load movement of the European Network on Intelligent Technologies(EUNITE)load dataset and annual electric load movement of State Gird Corporation of China and its branches in 2005 and 2006.Result analysis indicates workability and effectiveness of the proposed method.
