The efficient implementation of the Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)is crucial for network data security.This paper presents novel hardware implementations of the AES S-box,a core component,using tower field represen...The efficient implementation of the Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)is crucial for network data security.This paper presents novel hardware implementations of the AES S-box,a core component,using tower field representations and Boolean Satisfiability(SAT)solvers.Our research makes several significant contri-butions to the field.Firstly,we have optimized the GF(24)inversion,achieving a remarkable 31.35%area reduction(15.33 GE)compared to the best known implementations.Secondly,we have enhanced multiplication implementa-tions for transformation matrices using a SAT-method based on local solutions.This approach has yielded notable improvements,such as a 22.22%reduction in area(42.00 GE)for the top transformation matrix in GF((24)2)-type S-box implementation.Furthermore,we have proposed new implementations of GF(((22)2)2)-type and GF((24)2)-type S-boxes,with the GF(((22)2)2)-type demonstrating superior performance.This implementation offers two variants:a small area variant that sets new area records,and a fast variant that establishes new benchmarks in Area-Execution-Time(AET)and energy consumption.Our approach significantly improves upon existing S-box implementations,offering advancements in area,speed,and energy consumption.These optimizations contribute to more efficient and secure AES implementations,potentially enhancing various cryptographic applications in the field of network security.展开更多
The algorithm is an image encryption algorithm based on the improved baker transformation and chaotic substitution box(S-box). It mainly uses the initial values and parameters of a one-dimensional logistic chaotic sys...The algorithm is an image encryption algorithm based on the improved baker transformation and chaotic substitution box(S-box). It mainly uses the initial values and parameters of a one-dimensional logistic chaotic system as an encryption key. Specifically, in the image scrambling stage, the algorithm primarily uses an improved baker transform method to process the image. In the image diffusion stage, the algorithm first uses the chaotic S-box method to process the encryption key. Secondly, an exclusive OR(XOR) operation is performed on the image and the encryption key to initially diffuse the image. Finally, the image is again diffused using the method of ortho XOR. Simulation analysis shows that the algorithm can achieve good encryption effect, simple and easy implementation, and good security. In the digital image communication transmission, it has good practical value.展开更多
Using composite field arithmetic in Galois field can result in the compact Rijndael S-Box. However, the power con- sumption of this solution is too large to be used in resource-limited embedded systems. A full-custom ...Using composite field arithmetic in Galois field can result in the compact Rijndael S-Box. However, the power con- sumption of this solution is too large to be used in resource-limited embedded systems. A full-custom hardware implementation of composite field S-Box is proposed for these targeted domains in this paper. The minimization of power consumption is implemented by optimizing the architecture of the composite field S-Box and using the pass transmission gate (PTG) to realize the logic functions of S-Box. Power simulations were performed using the netlist extracted from the layout. HSPICE simulation results indicated that the proposed S-Box achieves low power consumption of about 130 μW at 10 MHz using 0.25 μm/2.5 V technology, while the consumptions of the positive polarity reed-muller (PPRM) based S-Box and composite field S-Box based on the conventional CMOS logic style are about 240 μW and 420 μW, respectively. The simulations also showed that the presented S-Box obtains better low-voltage operating property, which is clearly relevant for applications like sensor nodes, smart cards and radio frequency identification (RFID) tags.展开更多
S-boxes can be the core component of block ciphers,and how to efficiently generate S-boxes with strong cryptographic properties appears to be an important task in the design of block ciphers.In this work,an optimized ...S-boxes can be the core component of block ciphers,and how to efficiently generate S-boxes with strong cryptographic properties appears to be an important task in the design of block ciphers.In this work,an optimized model based on the generative adversarial network(GAN)is proposed to generate 8-bit S-boxes.The central idea of this optimized model is to use loss function constraints for GAN.More specially,the Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)S-box is used to construct the sample dataset via the affine equivalence property.Then,three models are respectively built and cross-trained to generate 8-bit S-boxes based on three extended frameworks of GAN,i.e.,Deep Convolution Generative Adversarial Networks(DCGAN),Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Networks(WGAN),and WassersteinGenerativeAdversarial NetworkwithGradient Penalty(WGANGP).Besides,an optimized model based onWGAN-GP referred to asWGPIM is also proposed,which adds the loss function constraints to the generator network of the WGAN-GP model,including bijection loss,differential uniformity loss,and nonlinearity loss.In this case,8-bit S-boxes can be generated with cross-training.Experimental results illustrate that the WGP-IM model can generate S-boxes with excellent cryptographic properties.In particular,the optimal differential uniformity of the generated S-boxes can be reduced to 8,and the nonlinearity can be up to 104.Compared with previous S-box generation methods,this new method is simpler and it can generate S-boxes with excellent cryptographic properties.展开更多
Single or multiple S-boxes are widely used in image encryption schemes, and in many image encryption schemes the asynchronous encryption structure is utilized, which separates the processes of substitution and diffusi...Single or multiple S-boxes are widely used in image encryption schemes, and in many image encryption schemes the asynchronous encryption structure is utilized, which separates the processes of substitution and diffusion. In this paper, we analyze the defects of this structure based on the example of an article and crack it using a simpler method. To address the defects of the asynchronous encryption structure, a novel encryption scheme is proposed, in which the structure of synchronous substitution and diffusion based on double S-boxes is utilized, so the processes of substitution and diffusion are combined together and the attackers cannot crack the cryptosystem by any of the processes. The simulation results and security analysis show that the proposed encryption scheme is safer and more efficient to expediently use in the real-time system.展开更多
Based on the theory of polymorphic virtual S-box, the paper presents a symmetric key exchange protocol to solve the problem of session keys delete shared in the computational complexity temporary trading scenario. Bot...Based on the theory of polymorphic virtual S-box, the paper presents a symmetric key exchange protocol to solve the problem of session keys delete shared in the computational complexity temporary trading scenario. Both parties jointly construct a highly nonlinear SPN core algorithm. The paper the connotation of polymorphic cipher theory, making use of the method of self-compiler based expansion factor to collect random parameter sets held by each of the parties containing its own information 5-tuple private keys array Kpa[5] and Kpb[5].The more efficient polymorphism virtual S-box is constructed. The method of secret split for the public key cryptography features can be implemented by symmetry cipher system. The research results will provide a theoretical basis to solve the key exchange problems for short- term communications partner based on symmetric cryptography.展开更多
The wireless sensor network （WSN） has been widely used in various fields, but it still remains in the preliminary discovery and research phase with a lack of various related mature technologies. Traditional encrypti...The wireless sensor network （WSN） has been widely used in various fields, but it still remains in the preliminary discovery and research phase with a lack of various related mature technologies. Traditional encryption schemes are not suitable for wireless sensor networks due to intrinsic features of the nodes such as low energy, limited computation capability, and lack of storage resources. In this paper, we present a novel block encryption scheme based on the integer discretization of a chaotic map, the Feistel network structure, and an S-box. The novel scheme is fast, secure, has low resource consumption and is suitable for wireless sensor network node encryption schemes. The experimental tests are carried out with detailed analysis, showing that the novel block algorithm has a large key space, very good diffusion and disruptive performances, a strict avalanche effect, excellent statistical balance, and fast encryption speed. These features enable the encryption scheme to pass the SP800-22 test. Meanwhile, the analysis and the testing of speed, time, and storage space on the simulator platform show that this new encryption scheme is well able to hide data information in wireless sensor networks.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.62162016)in part by the Innovation Project of Guangxi Graduate Education(Nos.YCBZ2023132 and YCSW2023304).
文摘The efficient implementation of the Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)is crucial for network data security.This paper presents novel hardware implementations of the AES S-box,a core component,using tower field representations and Boolean Satisfiability(SAT)solvers.Our research makes several significant contri-butions to the field.Firstly,we have optimized the GF(24)inversion,achieving a remarkable 31.35%area reduction(15.33 GE)compared to the best known implementations.Secondly,we have enhanced multiplication implementa-tions for transformation matrices using a SAT-method based on local solutions.This approach has yielded notable improvements,such as a 22.22%reduction in area(42.00 GE)for the top transformation matrix in GF((24)2)-type S-box implementation.Furthermore,we have proposed new implementations of GF(((22)2)2)-type and GF((24)2)-type S-boxes,with the GF(((22)2)2)-type demonstrating superior performance.This implementation offers two variants:a small area variant that sets new area records,and a fast variant that establishes new benchmarks in Area-Execution-Time(AET)and energy consumption.Our approach significantly improves upon existing S-box implementations,offering advancements in area,speed,and energy consumption.These optimizations contribute to more efficient and secure AES implementations,potentially enhancing various cryptographic applications in the field of network security.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 61672124)the Password Theory Project of the 13th Five-Year Plan National Cryptography Development Fund,China (Grant No. MMJJ20170203)+3 种基金the Liaoning Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Leading Talents Program Project,China (Grant No. XLYC1802013)the Key Research and Development Projects of Liaoning Province,China (Grant No. 2019020105-JH2/103)the Jinan City ‘20 universities’ Funding Projects Introducing Innovation Team Program,China (Grant No. 2019GXRC031)the “Double First-rate”Construction Project (“Innovation Project”),China (Grant No. SSCXXM013)。
文摘The algorithm is an image encryption algorithm based on the improved baker transformation and chaotic substitution box(S-box). It mainly uses the initial values and parameters of a one-dimensional logistic chaotic system as an encryption key. Specifically, in the image scrambling stage, the algorithm primarily uses an improved baker transform method to process the image. In the image diffusion stage, the algorithm first uses the chaotic S-box method to process the encryption key. Secondly, an exclusive OR(XOR) operation is performed on the image and the encryption key to initially diffuse the image. Finally, the image is again diffused using the method of ortho XOR. Simulation analysis shows that the algorithm can achieve good encryption effect, simple and easy implementation, and good security. In the digital image communication transmission, it has good practical value.
基金Project supported by the Hi-Tech Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2006AA01Z226)the Scientific Research Foundation of Huazhong University of Science and Technol-ogy (No. 2006Z001B), China
文摘Using composite field arithmetic in Galois field can result in the compact Rijndael S-Box. However, the power con- sumption of this solution is too large to be used in resource-limited embedded systems. A full-custom hardware implementation of composite field S-Box is proposed for these targeted domains in this paper. The minimization of power consumption is implemented by optimizing the architecture of the composite field S-Box and using the pass transmission gate (PTG) to realize the logic functions of S-Box. Power simulations were performed using the netlist extracted from the layout. HSPICE simulation results indicated that the proposed S-Box achieves low power consumption of about 130 μW at 10 MHz using 0.25 μm/2.5 V technology, while the consumptions of the positive polarity reed-muller (PPRM) based S-Box and composite field S-Box based on the conventional CMOS logic style are about 240 μW and 420 μW, respectively. The simulations also showed that the presented S-Box obtains better low-voltage operating property, which is clearly relevant for applications like sensor nodes, smart cards and radio frequency identification (RFID) tags.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62062026,62272451)the Innovation Research Team Project of Guangxi in China(2019GXNSFGA245004)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Guangxi in China(2022AB05044)the Scientific Research Project of Young Innovative Talents of Guangxi(guike AD20238082).
文摘S-boxes can be the core component of block ciphers,and how to efficiently generate S-boxes with strong cryptographic properties appears to be an important task in the design of block ciphers.In this work,an optimized model based on the generative adversarial network(GAN)is proposed to generate 8-bit S-boxes.The central idea of this optimized model is to use loss function constraints for GAN.More specially,the Advanced Encryption Standard(AES)S-box is used to construct the sample dataset via the affine equivalence property.Then,three models are respectively built and cross-trained to generate 8-bit S-boxes based on three extended frameworks of GAN,i.e.,Deep Convolution Generative Adversarial Networks(DCGAN),Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Networks(WGAN),and WassersteinGenerativeAdversarial NetworkwithGradient Penalty(WGANGP).Besides,an optimized model based onWGAN-GP referred to asWGPIM is also proposed,which adds the loss function constraints to the generator network of the WGAN-GP model,including bijection loss,differential uniformity loss,and nonlinearity loss.In this case,8-bit S-boxes can be generated with cross-training.Experimental results illustrate that the WGP-IM model can generate S-boxes with excellent cryptographic properties.In particular,the optimal differential uniformity of the generated S-boxes can be reduced to 8,and the nonlinearity can be up to 104.Compared with previous S-box generation methods,this new method is simpler and it can generate S-boxes with excellent cryptographic properties.
基金Project supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province,China(Grant No.2014JM8322)
文摘Single or multiple S-boxes are widely used in image encryption schemes, and in many image encryption schemes the asynchronous encryption structure is utilized, which separates the processes of substitution and diffusion. In this paper, we analyze the defects of this structure based on the example of an article and crack it using a simpler method. To address the defects of the asynchronous encryption structure, a novel encryption scheme is proposed, in which the structure of synchronous substitution and diffusion based on double S-boxes is utilized, so the processes of substitution and diffusion are combined together and the attackers cannot crack the cryptosystem by any of the processes. The simulation results and security analysis show that the proposed encryption scheme is safer and more efficient to expediently use in the real-time system.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61272038 and No.61340059,Zhengzhou Academician Workstation Funded Projects，the Education Department of Henan Province Science and Technology Research Project，Key Project of Science and Technology Research，the Doctor Fund of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
文摘Based on the theory of polymorphic virtual S-box, the paper presents a symmetric key exchange protocol to solve the problem of session keys delete shared in the computational complexity temporary trading scenario. Both parties jointly construct a highly nonlinear SPN core algorithm. The paper the connotation of polymorphic cipher theory, making use of the method of self-compiler based expansion factor to collect random parameter sets held by each of the parties containing its own information 5-tuple private keys array Kpa[5] and Kpb[5].The more efficient polymorphism virtual S-box is constructed. The method of secret split for the public key cryptography features can be implemented by symmetry cipher system. The research results will provide a theoretical basis to solve the key exchange problems for short- term communications partner based on symmetric cryptography.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.60973162)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China (Grant No.ZR2009GM037)+4 种基金the Key Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China (Grant No.Z2006G01)the Science and Technology Fund of Shandong Province,China (Grant No.2010GGX10132)the Scientific Research Foundation of Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai,China (Grant No.HIT(WH)ZB200909)the Technology Research and Development Program of Weihai High-Technology Development Zone in Shandong Province,China (Grant No.201025)the Technology Research and Development Program of Weihai,China (Grant No.2008011)
文摘The wireless sensor network （WSN） has been widely used in various fields, but it still remains in the preliminary discovery and research phase with a lack of various related mature technologies. Traditional encryption schemes are not suitable for wireless sensor networks due to intrinsic features of the nodes such as low energy, limited computation capability, and lack of storage resources. In this paper, we present a novel block encryption scheme based on the integer discretization of a chaotic map, the Feistel network structure, and an S-box. The novel scheme is fast, secure, has low resource consumption and is suitable for wireless sensor network node encryption schemes. The experimental tests are carried out with detailed analysis, showing that the novel block algorithm has a large key space, very good diffusion and disruptive performances, a strict avalanche effect, excellent statistical balance, and fast encryption speed. These features enable the encryption scheme to pass the SP800-22 test. Meanwhile, the analysis and the testing of speed, time, and storage space on the simulator platform show that this new encryption scheme is well able to hide data information in wireless sensor networks.
