In this work,we propose a comprehensive theoretical framework for the multilevel NAND(NOT AND logic)flash memory,built upon the modified Student’s t distribution where the distortion of the threshold voltage caused b...In this work,we propose a comprehensive theoretical framework for the multilevel NAND(NOT AND logic)flash memory,built upon the modified Student’s t distribution where the distortion of the threshold voltage caused by the random telegraph noise,cell-to-cell interference and data retention noise are jointly considered.Based on the superposition modulation,we build a non-orthogonal multiuser communication model where a linear mapping is conducted between the verify voltages and binary antipodal symbols.Aimed at improving the storage efficiency,we propose an unequal amplitude mapping(UAM)solution by optimizing the weighting coefficients of verify voltages to intelligently adjust the width of each state.Moreover,the uniform storage efficiency region and sum storage efficiency of different labelings with various decoding schemes are discussed.Simulation results validate the effectiveness of our proposed UAM solution where an up to 20.9%storage efficiency gain can be achieved compared to the current used benchmark scheme.In addition,analytical and simulation results also demonstrate that the successive cancellation decoding outperforms other decoding schemes for all labelings.展开更多
This study successfully reveals the dark,singular solitons,periodic wave and singular periodic wave solutions of the(1+1)-dimensional coupled nonlinear Schr?dinger equation by using the extended rational sine-cosine a...This study successfully reveals the dark,singular solitons,periodic wave and singular periodic wave solutions of the(1+1)-dimensional coupled nonlinear Schr?dinger equation by using the extended rational sine-cosine and rational sinh-cosh methods.The modulation instability analysis of the governing model is presented.By using the suitable values of the parameters involved,the 2-,3-dimensional and the contour graphs of some of the reported solutions are plotted.展开更多
Instead of avoiding occurrence of chaos in motor drives, chaos is positively utilized in this paper. A new chaotic pulse width modulation （PWM） scheme is proposed and implemented for AC motors, which functions to si...Instead of avoiding occurrence of chaos in motor drives, chaos is positively utilized in this paper. A new chaotic pulse width modulation （PWM） scheme is proposed and implemented for AC motors, which functions to significantly suppress harmonic peaks and hence acoustic noise. The key is to employ the Chua＇s circuit for generating a desired chaotic sequence. By using a practical induction motor, computer simulation and experimental results verify that the chaotic PWM has advantages of harmonic peak suppression and simple hardware implementation over the conventional PWM and random PWM.展开更多
Hierarchical porous carbon co-doped with heterogeneous atoms has attracted much attention thanks to sizable internal void space accommodating electrolyte,high-density microporous structure physically con-fining polysu...Hierarchical porous carbon co-doped with heterogeneous atoms has attracted much attention thanks to sizable internal void space accommodating electrolyte,high-density microporous structure physically con-fining polysulfides(LPS),and heterogeneous atoms serving as active sites to capture LPS.However,solely relying on carbon material defects to capture LPS proves ineffective.Hence,metal compounds must be introduced to chemisorb LPS.Herein,cobalt ions are in-situ grown on the polydopamine layer coated on the surface of biomass-derived S,N,P co-doped hierarchical porous carbon(SNP-PC).Then a layer of nitrogen-doped porous carbon(MPC)dotted with CoSe nanoparticles is acquired by selenizing.Thus,a strong-polar/weak-polar composite material of SNP-PC studded with CoSe nanoparticles is obtained(SNP-PC@MPC@CoSe).Button cells assembled with SNP-PC@MPC@CoSe-modified separator enable superb long-cycle stability and satisfactory rate performance.An excellent rate capacity of 796 mAh g^(−1)at a high current rate of 4 C with an ultra-low capacity fading of 0.06%over 700 cycles can be acquired.More impressively,even in a harsh test condition of 5.65 mg cm^(−2)sulfur loading and 4μL mg^(−1)ratio of electrolyte to active materials,the battery can still display a specific capacity of 980 mAh g^(−1)(area capacity of∼5.54 mAh cm^(−2))at 0.1 C.This work provides a promising route toward high-performance Li-S batteries.展开更多
Infantile Blount's disease is a condition that causes genu varum and internal tibial torsion. Treatment options include observation, orthotics, corrective osteotomy, elevation of the medial tibial plateau, resecti...Infantile Blount's disease is a condition that causes genu varum and internal tibial torsion. Treatment options include observation, orthotics, corrective osteotomy, elevation of the medial tibial plateau, resection of a physeal bar, lateral hemi-epiphysiodesis, and guided growth of the proximal tibial physis. Each of these treatment options has its disadvantages. Treating the coronal deformity alone(genu varum) will result in persistence of the internal tibial torsion(the axial deformity). In this report, we describe the combination of lateral growth modulation and distal tibial external rotation osteotomy to correct all the elements of the disease. This has not been described before for treatment of Blount's disease. Both coronal and axial deformities were corrected in this patient. We propose this combination(rather than the lateral growth modulation alone) as the method of treatment for early stages of Blount's disease as it corrects both elements of the disease and in the same time avoids the complications of proximal tibial osteotomy.展开更多
To solve the inter carrier interference （ICI） elimination problem of an M-band wavelet multi-carrier modulation system, this paper analyzes the principle of the ICI caused by the Doppler frequency shift and its math...To solve the inter carrier interference （ICI） elimination problem of an M-band wavelet multi-carrier modulation system, this paper analyzes the principle of the ICI caused by the Doppler frequency shift and its mathematical expression based on the M-band wavelet multi-carrier modulation system model. Through the analysis of the mathematical expression and combining with the perfect reconstruction conditions of the filter banks, we propose the design conditions of an M-band filter to reduce and eliminate the ICI. The impulse response model of the filter design conditions and an iterative algorithm is also established. The simulation results show that the proposed ICI reduction and elimination methods can effectively improve the system performance.展开更多
利用1989—1996年滇西地震预报实验场绝对重力和相对重力观测资料,采用逐年差分和多年累积的方法,分析滇西地震预报实验场内部不同时间尺度的重力场演变特征及其与丽江地震在时空上的对应关系,结果表明:①1992年以前,研究区内部重力场...利用1989—1996年滇西地震预报实验场绝对重力和相对重力观测资料,采用逐年差分和多年累积的方法,分析滇西地震预报实验场内部不同时间尺度的重力场演变特征及其与丽江地震在时空上的对应关系,结果表明:①1992年以前,研究区内部重力场变化平稳,1993年出现局部变化,1995年变化急剧加大,震后快速反向调整,变化量值基本与震前多年累积相当,重力场演化特征与丽江地震存在高度时空对应关系,表明该时段重力场变化为丽江地震的孕震特征。②研究区差分及累积重力场动态演化过程中,在川滇菱形块体与滇西块体边界产生重力变化梯度带,表明这2个块体构造活动剧烈。③沿红河断裂带出现(-60~90)×10-8 m/s 2的重力变化高梯度带,其走向与红河断裂构造高度一致,反映区域重力场变化受主要活动构造控制,是地下深部壳幔物质运移的表现。展开更多
In order to characterize the mechanics of jet breakup, the finite volume formulations were employed to solve the Navier-Stokes equations and continuity equation of jet. The volume of fluid(VOF) method was used to trac...In order to characterize the mechanics of jet breakup, the finite volume formulations were employed to solve the Navier-Stokes equations and continuity equation of jet. The volume of fluid(VOF) method was used to track the free surface of jet. The spray process of the molten Pb63Sn37 alloy was simulated based on the mathematical model by means of FLUENT code. The configuration of jets generated in different disturbance ratios and modulation ratios was obtained. The theoretical results show that the droplets merge together by the number of disturbance ratio N, which agrees with the corresponding picture captured in the experiment. In addition, the droplet streams broken at non-optimal frequency are also uniform according to simulation results, which proves that the A-M disturbance can increase the width of the uniform droplet generating frequency.展开更多
Interferon regulatory factor 7 plays a crucial role in the innate immune response.However,whether interferon regulatory factor 7-mediated signaling contributes to Parkinson's disease remains unknown.Here we report...Interferon regulatory factor 7 plays a crucial role in the innate immune response.However,whether interferon regulatory factor 7-mediated signaling contributes to Parkinson's disease remains unknown.Here we report that interferon regulatory factor 7 is markedly up-regulated in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease and co-localizes with microglial cells.Both the selective cyclic guanosine monophosphate adenosine monophosphate synthase inhibitor RU.521 and the stimulator of interferon genes inhibitor H151 effectively suppressed interferon regulatory factor 7 activation in BV2 microglia exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and inhibited transformation of mouse BV2 microglia into the neurotoxic M1 phenotype.In addition,si RNA-mediated knockdown of interferon regulatory factor 7 expression in BV2 microglia reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase,tumor necrosis factorα,CD16,CD32,and CD86 and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory markers ARG1 and YM1.Taken together,our findings indicate that the cyclic guanosine monophosphate adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes-interferon regulatory factor 7 pathway plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.展开更多
We consider the conditions under which the class of （m, d）-injective R-modules is （pre）covering. It is shown that every left R-module over a left （m, d）-coherent ring has an （rn, d）-injective cover. Moreover, ...We consider the conditions under which the class of （m, d）-injective R-modules is （pre）covering. It is shown that every left R-module over a left （m, d）-coherent ring has an （rn, d）-injective cover. Moreover, the classes of Gorenstein （m, d）-flat modules and Gorenstein （m, d）-injecitve modules are introduced and studied. For a right （m, d）-coherent ring R, we prove that a left R-module M is Gorenstein （m, d）-flat if and only if M＋ is Gorenstein （m, d）- injective as a right R-module. Some results on Gorenstein flat modules and Gorenstein n-flat modules are generalized.展开更多
基金supported by Key Project of Sichuan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.2022NSFSC0043).
文摘In this work,we propose a comprehensive theoretical framework for the multilevel NAND(NOT AND logic)flash memory,built upon the modified Student’s t distribution where the distortion of the threshold voltage caused by the random telegraph noise,cell-to-cell interference and data retention noise are jointly considered.Based on the superposition modulation,we build a non-orthogonal multiuser communication model where a linear mapping is conducted between the verify voltages and binary antipodal symbols.Aimed at improving the storage efficiency,we propose an unequal amplitude mapping(UAM)solution by optimizing the weighting coefficients of verify voltages to intelligently adjust the width of each state.Moreover,the uniform storage efficiency region and sum storage efficiency of different labelings with various decoding schemes are discussed.Simulation results validate the effectiveness of our proposed UAM solution where an up to 20.9%storage efficiency gain can be achieved compared to the current used benchmark scheme.In addition,analytical and simulation results also demonstrate that the successive cancellation decoding outperforms other decoding schemes for all labelings.
文摘This study successfully reveals the dark,singular solitons,periodic wave and singular periodic wave solutions of the(1+1)-dimensional coupled nonlinear Schr?dinger equation by using the extended rational sine-cosine and rational sinh-cosh methods.The modulation instability analysis of the governing model is presented.By using the suitable values of the parameters involved,the 2-,3-dimensional and the contour graphs of some of the reported solutions are plotted.
基金Project supported by the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Grant No.T0103)
文摘Instead of avoiding occurrence of chaos in motor drives, chaos is positively utilized in this paper. A new chaotic pulse width modulation （PWM） scheme is proposed and implemented for AC motors, which functions to significantly suppress harmonic peaks and hence acoustic noise. The key is to employ the Chua＇s circuit for generating a desired chaotic sequence. By using a practical induction motor, computer simulation and experimental results verify that the chaotic PWM has advantages of harmonic peak suppression and simple hardware implementation over the conventional PWM and random PWM.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52003110)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(Nos.20202ACB202002,20202ACB214002).
文摘Hierarchical porous carbon co-doped with heterogeneous atoms has attracted much attention thanks to sizable internal void space accommodating electrolyte,high-density microporous structure physically con-fining polysulfides(LPS),and heterogeneous atoms serving as active sites to capture LPS.However,solely relying on carbon material defects to capture LPS proves ineffective.Hence,metal compounds must be introduced to chemisorb LPS.Herein,cobalt ions are in-situ grown on the polydopamine layer coated on the surface of biomass-derived S,N,P co-doped hierarchical porous carbon(SNP-PC).Then a layer of nitrogen-doped porous carbon(MPC)dotted with CoSe nanoparticles is acquired by selenizing.Thus,a strong-polar/weak-polar composite material of SNP-PC studded with CoSe nanoparticles is obtained(SNP-PC@MPC@CoSe).Button cells assembled with SNP-PC@MPC@CoSe-modified separator enable superb long-cycle stability and satisfactory rate performance.An excellent rate capacity of 796 mAh g^(−1)at a high current rate of 4 C with an ultra-low capacity fading of 0.06%over 700 cycles can be acquired.More impressively,even in a harsh test condition of 5.65 mg cm^(−2)sulfur loading and 4μL mg^(−1)ratio of electrolyte to active materials,the battery can still display a specific capacity of 980 mAh g^(−1)(area capacity of∼5.54 mAh cm^(−2))at 0.1 C.This work provides a promising route toward high-performance Li-S batteries.
文摘Infantile Blount's disease is a condition that causes genu varum and internal tibial torsion. Treatment options include observation, orthotics, corrective osteotomy, elevation of the medial tibial plateau, resection of a physeal bar, lateral hemi-epiphysiodesis, and guided growth of the proximal tibial physis. Each of these treatment options has its disadvantages. Treating the coronal deformity alone(genu varum) will result in persistence of the internal tibial torsion(the axial deformity). In this report, we describe the combination of lateral growth modulation and distal tibial external rotation osteotomy to correct all the elements of the disease. This has not been described before for treatment of Blount's disease. Both coronal and axial deformities were corrected in this patient. We propose this combination(rather than the lateral growth modulation alone) as the method of treatment for early stages of Blount's disease as it corrects both elements of the disease and in the same time avoids the complications of proximal tibial osteotomy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.60872114)
文摘To solve the inter carrier interference （ICI） elimination problem of an M-band wavelet multi-carrier modulation system, this paper analyzes the principle of the ICI caused by the Doppler frequency shift and its mathematical expression based on the M-band wavelet multi-carrier modulation system model. Through the analysis of the mathematical expression and combining with the perfect reconstruction conditions of the filter banks, we propose the design conditions of an M-band filter to reduce and eliminate the ICI. The impulse response model of the filter design conditions and an iterative algorithm is also established. The simulation results show that the proposed ICI reduction and elimination methods can effectively improve the system performance.
文摘利用1989—1996年滇西地震预报实验场绝对重力和相对重力观测资料,采用逐年差分和多年累积的方法,分析滇西地震预报实验场内部不同时间尺度的重力场演变特征及其与丽江地震在时空上的对应关系,结果表明:①1992年以前,研究区内部重力场变化平稳,1993年出现局部变化,1995年变化急剧加大,震后快速反向调整,变化量值基本与震前多年累积相当,重力场演化特征与丽江地震存在高度时空对应关系,表明该时段重力场变化为丽江地震的孕震特征。②研究区差分及累积重力场动态演化过程中,在川滇菱形块体与滇西块体边界产生重力变化梯度带,表明这2个块体构造活动剧烈。③沿红河断裂带出现(-60~90)×10-8 m/s 2的重力变化高梯度带,其走向与红河断裂构造高度一致,反映区域重力场变化受主要活动构造控制,是地下深部壳幔物质运移的表现。
基金Project(20070699076) supported by Specialized Research Fund of the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of ChinaProject supported by the Innovation Foundation by Northwestern Polytechnical University, China
文摘In order to characterize the mechanics of jet breakup, the finite volume formulations were employed to solve the Navier-Stokes equations and continuity equation of jet. The volume of fluid(VOF) method was used to track the free surface of jet. The spray process of the molten Pb63Sn37 alloy was simulated based on the mathematical model by means of FLUENT code. The configuration of jets generated in different disturbance ratios and modulation ratios was obtained. The theoretical results show that the droplets merge together by the number of disturbance ratio N, which agrees with the corresponding picture captured in the experiment. In addition, the droplet streams broken at non-optimal frequency are also uniform according to simulation results, which proves that the A-M disturbance can increase the width of the uniform droplet generating frequency.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82171429,81771384a grant from Wuxi Municipal Health Commission,No.1286010241190480(all to YS)。
文摘Interferon regulatory factor 7 plays a crucial role in the innate immune response.However,whether interferon regulatory factor 7-mediated signaling contributes to Parkinson's disease remains unknown.Here we report that interferon regulatory factor 7 is markedly up-regulated in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease and co-localizes with microglial cells.Both the selective cyclic guanosine monophosphate adenosine monophosphate synthase inhibitor RU.521 and the stimulator of interferon genes inhibitor H151 effectively suppressed interferon regulatory factor 7 activation in BV2 microglia exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and inhibited transformation of mouse BV2 microglia into the neurotoxic M1 phenotype.In addition,si RNA-mediated knockdown of interferon regulatory factor 7 expression in BV2 microglia reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase,tumor necrosis factorα,CD16,CD32,and CD86 and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory markers ARG1 and YM1.Taken together,our findings indicate that the cyclic guanosine monophosphate adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes-interferon regulatory factor 7 pathway plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
基金Supported by the Provincial Natural Science Research Program of Higher Education Institution of Anhui Province(Grant No.KJ2012Z028)
文摘We consider the conditions under which the class of （m, d）-injective R-modules is （pre）covering. It is shown that every left R-module over a left （m, d）-coherent ring has an （rn, d）-injective cover. Moreover, the classes of Gorenstein （m, d）-flat modules and Gorenstein （m, d）-injecitve modules are introduced and studied. For a right （m, d）-coherent ring R, we prove that a left R-module M is Gorenstein （m, d）-flat if and only if M＋ is Gorenstein （m, d）- injective as a right R-module. Some results on Gorenstein flat modules and Gorenstein n-flat modules are generalized.
