Bloody discharge from the breasts in a lactating woman can be caused by various conditions like cracked nipples, mastitis, trauma or ductal papilloma [1]. A physiological condition called rusty pipe syndrome can also ...Bloody discharge from the breasts in a lactating woman can be caused by various conditions like cracked nipples, mastitis, trauma or ductal papilloma [1]. A physiological condition called rusty pipe syndrome can also cause bilateral bloody discharge in lactating mothers [2].展开更多
In order to perfectly reflect the dynamic corrosion of reinforced concrete (RC) cover in practical engineering,an analytic model of non-uniform corrosion induced cracking was presented based on the elastic-plastic fra...In order to perfectly reflect the dynamic corrosion of reinforced concrete (RC) cover in practical engineering,an analytic model of non-uniform corrosion induced cracking was presented based on the elastic-plastic fracture mechanics theory.Comparisons with the published experimental data show that the predictions given by the present model are in good agreement with the results both for natural exposed experiments and short-time indoor tests (the best difference is about 2.7%).Also it obviously provides much better precision than those models under the assumption of uniform corrosion (the maximal improved precision is about 48%).Therefore,it is pointed out that the so-called uniform corrosion models to describe the cover cracking of RC should be adopted cautiously.Finally,the influences of thickness of local rusty layer around the reinforcing steel bar on the critical corrosion-induced crack indexes were investigated.It is found that the thickness of local rusty layer has great effect on the critical mass loss of reinforcing steel,threshold expansion pressure,and time to cover cracking.For local rusty layer thickness with a size of a=0.5 mm,the time to cover cracking will increase by about one times when a/b (a,semi-minor axis;b,semi-major axis) changes from 0.1 to 1 mm.展开更多
Many anuran species exhibit striking color and/or pattern polymorphisms. We sampled 599 adult rice frogs, Fejervarya multistriata, from a rice paddy in the periphery of the Lingnan Nature Reserve （Huangshan, Anhui）....Many anuran species exhibit striking color and/or pattern polymorphisms. We sampled 599 adult rice frogs, Fejervarya multistriata, from a rice paddy in the periphery of the Lingnan Nature Reserve （Huangshan, Anhui）. We recognized ten morphs based on three relatively stable and distinct morphological characters： dorsal ground color （green or gray）, middorsal stripe （absence, wide, or narrow）, occipital rusty spot （absence or presence）. The grey individuals are more common and larger than the green individuals （frequency 88.1 vs. 11.9%, respectively） and （SVL 39.4-36.6 vs. 35.7-34.6 mm, respectively）. There is a higher proportion of individuals with a middorsal stripe （59.7%） while absence of the occipital rusty spot is more common in the population （82.3%）. We expect additional studies in different habitat types would help build our understanding of the relationship between color polymorphism and habitat, geography, and climate.展开更多
During the production of the inner walls of ovens,pit defects were formed on the surface of the enamel layer that was enameled on the cold-rolled steel via electrostatic powder spraying and sintering.The paper elabora...During the production of the inner walls of ovens,pit defects were formed on the surface of the enamel layer that was enameled on the cold-rolled steel via electrostatic powder spraying and sintering.The paper elaborates on the microstructure and element distribution of the enamel-steel interface and the enamel layer.Optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and energy-dispersive spectroscopy were adopted to investigate the microstructure of a longitudinal section of the defect,and the pit-forming causes were analyzed.The results show that rusty spots lead to pit defects.During high-temperature firing,there is an inadequate fusion and reaction between iron oxides of the rusty spots and the enamel glaze.The rusty spots are closely related to pretreatment process;thus,to avoid their occurrence,electrostatic powder spraying and sintering should be performed timely after forming,degreasing,and thorough drying of the metal sheets.展开更多
Dear Editor,Plant pathogens are a major constraint in agriculture,causing numerous diseases that globally reduce both crop quality and yield.Yellow rust(YR),also known as stripe rust,is caused by Puccinia striiformis ...Dear Editor,Plant pathogens are a major constraint in agriculture,causing numerous diseases that globally reduce both crop quality and yield.Yellow rust(YR),also known as stripe rust,is caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici.(Pst)and is one of the most serious fungal diseases of wheat.Due to reduced resistance(R)gene diversity in wheat,the Pst pathogen frequently overcomes plant defenses,thereby leading to YR epidemics.Although 87 yellow rust resistance(Yr)genes are formally named and more than 300 quantitative trait loci are designated and listed in the wheat gene catalog(McIntosh,2024),only 11(about 3%)have been cloned(Li et al.,2025).The limited number of cloned genes has hindered the knowledge-based deployment of R genes in breeding programs.Typically,cloned R genes are found in two protein classes:nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)proteins and kinase fusion proteins(Reveguk et al.,2025).展开更多
On the day of Awakening of Insects(in March),the drooping dusk unmistakably announced the retreat of Vancouver’s brief daylight.The gate of the Jiahua Lion Dance Association was tightly locked.Zeng Xiang pasted a“Fo...On the day of Awakening of Insects(in March),the drooping dusk unmistakably announced the retreat of Vancouver’s brief daylight.The gate of the Jiahua Lion Dance Association was tightly locked.Zeng Xiang pasted a“For Rent”notice on the door,his heart heavy with mixed emotions.The display window that once held rows of trophies had long been emptied,the association’s signboard removed,leaving only two rusty iron nails on the wall.展开更多
Dear Editor,Wheat is one of the most important food crops.In recent years,factors such as global warming have led to the frequent occurrence of extreme weather,altering the epidemic patterns of crop diseases and pests...Dear Editor,Wheat is one of the most important food crops.In recent years,factors such as global warming have led to the frequent occurrence of extreme weather,altering the epidemic patterns of crop diseases and pests and posing severe challenges to food security(Savary et al.2019).Wheat yellow rust(YR),also known as stripe rust,is caused by the biotrophic fungus Puccinia striiformis Westend f.sp.tritici(Pst)and remains one of the most devastating diseases threatening global wheat production(Chen 2020;Hovmoller et al.2023).展开更多
文摘Bloody discharge from the breasts in a lactating woman can be caused by various conditions like cracked nipples, mastitis, trauma or ductal papilloma [1]. A physiological condition called rusty pipe syndrome can also cause bilateral bloody discharge in lactating mothers [2].
基金Project(50925829) supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of ChinaProject(50908148) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(2009-K4-23,2010-11-33) supported by the Research of Ministry of Housing and Urban Rural Development of China
文摘In order to perfectly reflect the dynamic corrosion of reinforced concrete (RC) cover in practical engineering,an analytic model of non-uniform corrosion induced cracking was presented based on the elastic-plastic fracture mechanics theory.Comparisons with the published experimental data show that the predictions given by the present model are in good agreement with the results both for natural exposed experiments and short-time indoor tests (the best difference is about 2.7%).Also it obviously provides much better precision than those models under the assumption of uniform corrosion (the maximal improved precision is about 48%).Therefore,it is pointed out that the so-called uniform corrosion models to describe the cover cracking of RC should be adopted cautiously.Finally,the influences of thickness of local rusty layer around the reinforcing steel bar on the critical corrosion-induced crack indexes were investigated.It is found that the thickness of local rusty layer has great effect on the critical mass loss of reinforcing steel,threshold expansion pressure,and time to cover cracking.For local rusty layer thickness with a size of a=0.5 mm,the time to cover cracking will increase by about one times when a/b (a,semi-minor axis;b,semi-major axis) changes from 0.1 to 1 mm.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 31071891,31471968)Natural Science Foundation of the Education Department of Anhui Province of China(No.KJ2014A244)the Zoology and Conservation Biology Research Innovation Group of Huangshan University
文摘Many anuran species exhibit striking color and/or pattern polymorphisms. We sampled 599 adult rice frogs, Fejervarya multistriata, from a rice paddy in the periphery of the Lingnan Nature Reserve （Huangshan, Anhui）. We recognized ten morphs based on three relatively stable and distinct morphological characters： dorsal ground color （green or gray）, middorsal stripe （absence, wide, or narrow）, occipital rusty spot （absence or presence）. The grey individuals are more common and larger than the green individuals （frequency 88.1 vs. 11.9%, respectively） and （SVL 39.4-36.6 vs. 35.7-34.6 mm, respectively）. There is a higher proportion of individuals with a middorsal stripe （59.7%） while absence of the occipital rusty spot is more common in the population （82.3%）. We expect additional studies in different habitat types would help build our understanding of the relationship between color polymorphism and habitat, geography, and climate.
文摘During the production of the inner walls of ovens,pit defects were formed on the surface of the enamel layer that was enameled on the cold-rolled steel via electrostatic powder spraying and sintering.The paper elaborates on the microstructure and element distribution of the enamel-steel interface and the enamel layer.Optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and energy-dispersive spectroscopy were adopted to investigate the microstructure of a longitudinal section of the defect,and the pit-forming causes were analyzed.The results show that rusty spots lead to pit defects.During high-temperature firing,there is an inadequate fusion and reaction between iron oxides of the rusty spots and the enamel glaze.The rusty spots are closely related to pretreatment process;thus,to avoid their occurrence,electrostatic powder spraying and sintering should be performed timely after forming,degreasing,and thorough drying of the metal sheets.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.32272088,32372562,32421004,and 32472103)the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD1401000)+1 种基金the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(2019JCW-18 and 2020JCW-16)the Taishan Scholars Program(tstp20240843 and tsqn202408304).
文摘Dear Editor,Plant pathogens are a major constraint in agriculture,causing numerous diseases that globally reduce both crop quality and yield.Yellow rust(YR),also known as stripe rust,is caused by Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici.(Pst)and is one of the most serious fungal diseases of wheat.Due to reduced resistance(R)gene diversity in wheat,the Pst pathogen frequently overcomes plant defenses,thereby leading to YR epidemics.Although 87 yellow rust resistance(Yr)genes are formally named and more than 300 quantitative trait loci are designated and listed in the wheat gene catalog(McIntosh,2024),only 11(about 3%)have been cloned(Li et al.,2025).The limited number of cloned genes has hindered the knowledge-based deployment of R genes in breeding programs.Typically,cloned R genes are found in two protein classes:nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat(NLR)proteins and kinase fusion proteins(Reveguk et al.,2025).
文摘On the day of Awakening of Insects(in March),the drooping dusk unmistakably announced the retreat of Vancouver’s brief daylight.The gate of the Jiahua Lion Dance Association was tightly locked.Zeng Xiang pasted a“For Rent”notice on the door,his heart heavy with mixed emotions.The display window that once held rows of trophies had long been emptied,the association’s signboard removed,leaving only two rusty iron nails on the wall.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2021YFD1401000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32201745,32272088,32472103,31961143019,and 32421004)+1 种基金the Natural Science Basic Research Plan of Shaanxi Province,China(Grant Nos.2019JCW-18 and 2020JCW-16)the Yazhouwan National Laboratory Project(Grant No.2310JM01).
文摘Dear Editor,Wheat is one of the most important food crops.In recent years,factors such as global warming have led to the frequent occurrence of extreme weather,altering the epidemic patterns of crop diseases and pests and posing severe challenges to food security(Savary et al.2019).Wheat yellow rust(YR),also known as stripe rust,is caused by the biotrophic fungus Puccinia striiformis Westend f.sp.tritici(Pst)and remains one of the most devastating diseases threatening global wheat production(Chen 2020;Hovmoller et al.2023).
