OBJECTIVE: To investigate the most effective weight ratio of Qiancao(Radix Rubiae Cordifoliae) and Haipiaoxiao(Endoconcha Sepiellae) used to produce decoction for the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding(AUB) in rat...OBJECTIVE: To investigate the most effective weight ratio of Qiancao(Radix Rubiae Cordifoliae) and Haipiaoxiao(Endoconcha Sepiellae) used to produce decoction for the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding(AUB) in rats with incomplete abortion, and to study the possible mechanism. METHODS: The models of AUB were established by incomplete drug abortion with mifepristone and misoprostol in pregnant rats. The therapeutic effects of decoctions made by eight different weight ratios of Qiancao(Radix Rubiae Cordifoliae) and Haipiaoxiao(Endoconcha Sepiellae) were observed. RESULTS: Statistical analysis revealed that the most effective weight ratio of Qiancao(Radix Rubiae Cordifoliae) and Haipiaoxiao(Endoconcha Sepiellae) to treat AUB in this study was 2∶1. CONCLUSION: The insights gained from this study would improve understanding of the mechanisms involved in the effect of Qiancao(Radix Rubiae Cordifoliae) and Haipiaoxiao(Endoconcha Sepiellae) on AUB.展开更多
Three new triterpenoids,3β-hydroxy-urs-30-p-Z-hydroxycinnamoyl-12-en-28-oic-acid(1),3β-hydroxy-olean-30-p-E-hydroxycinnamoyl-12-en-28-oic-acid(2)and 3β,6α-dihydroxy-urs-14-en-12-one(3),together with seven known tr...Three new triterpenoids,3β-hydroxy-urs-30-p-Z-hydroxycinnamoyl-12-en-28-oic-acid(1),3β-hydroxy-olean-30-p-E-hydroxycinnamoyl-12-en-28-oic-acid(2)and 3β,6α-dihydroxy-urs-14-en-12-one(3),together with seven known triterpenoids,were isolated from the roots of Rubia schumanniana.Their structures were established by means of spectroscopic analysis.All compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activity,and compounds 2-6 showed cytotoxicity with the IC50 values of 10.75~18.87μg/mL.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To estimate the phytochemical composition,antioxidant,antifungal,cytotoxic and phytotoxic activities of three important medicinal plants of Poonch valley,Azad Kashmir Pakistan.METHODS:Phytochemicals were inv...OBJECTIVE:To estimate the phytochemical composition,antioxidant,antifungal,cytotoxic and phytotoxic activities of three important medicinal plants of Poonch valley,Azad Kashmir Pakistan.METHODS:Phytochemicals were investigated for both qualitative(phenols,flavonoids,alkaloids and saponins)and quantitative(total phenolic and flavonoid contents)analysis of plant extracts prepared in ethanol,ethyl acetate and benzene.Moreover,antioxidant potential was investigated by screening botanical extracts against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging assay,phosphomolybdenum and total reducing power assay.While,disc diffusion method was used for determination of antifungal potential of all extracts against four pathogenic strains.Furthermore,brine shrimp cytotoxicity assay was conducted for cytotoxic potential and radish seed germination assay was carried out for estimation of allelopathic potential of plant extracts.RESULTS:Phytochemical evaluation showed the presence of phenolics,flavonoids,alkaloids and saponins in almost all plants.In addition to significant antioxidant potential,Rubia cordifolia(ethanolic extract)revealed highest amount of phenolics and flavonoids.The said plant also exhibited good cytotoxic activity.Among plant extracts highest antifungal activity and allelopathic potential was recorded by Oxalis latifolia(ethyl acetate extract).Ethanol and ethyl acetate were observed to be the best choice of solvents.The best solvents-based results were obtained by Ethanol followed by Ethyl acetate and Benzene.CONCLUSION:For further studies,Rubia cordifolia and Oxalis latifolia are the most promising medicinal plants of Poonch valley,Azad Kashmir Pakistan at molecular level in order to isolate the compounds concerning with pronounced activities.展开更多
[Objectives]We intend to conduct a study to predict habitat suitability and geographic distribution of Rubia cordifolia L.,to find the most suitable ecological environment for its growth,and to provide a theoretical b...[Objectives]We intend to conduct a study to predict habitat suitability and geographic distribution of Rubia cordifolia L.,to find the most suitable ecological environment for its growth,and to provide a theoretical basis for the development and cultivation of R.cordifolia L.industry.[Methods]Based on the environmental factors and the occurrence data,we predicted the potential geographic distribution of R.cordifolia L.in China by combining the MaxEnt model and ArcGIS.[Results]The training set and test set AUC were respectively 0.963 and 0.946,indicating that the MaxEnt model predicted well.The wettest monthly precipitation,precipitation in July,precipitation of driest season,and average monthly temperature in September and April were the dominant environmental factors affecting the distribution of R.cordifolia L.The highly habitable areas were mainly concentrated in central,eastern and northern China.[Conclusions]The results of this study can be used as a reference for the development of R.cordifolia L.industry in related areas.展开更多
Qian Cao(Radix et Rhizoma Rubiae)is a perennial grass with red and yellow pigments in its roots.It has been used since ancient times for fabric dyeing and painting,and it’s the oldest red dye in both Europe and China...Qian Cao(Radix et Rhizoma Rubiae)is a perennial grass with red and yellow pigments in its roots.It has been used since ancient times for fabric dyeing and painting,and it’s the oldest red dye in both Europe and China.Xi Yang Qian(Rubia tirctorum L.)spread from the East to the West,while Zhong Guo Qian(Rubia cordifolia L.)spread from the West to the East.Both were integral in the development of Chinese and Western color cultures.Nowadays,although it is no longer commonly used in dyes and paints,Qian Cao is still used in clinical medicine as a medicinal herb.展开更多
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health challenge and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. TB is preventable and curable. However, treatment of tuberculosis has continued to be difficult as a result of rapi...Tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health challenge and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. TB is preventable and curable. However, treatment of tuberculosis has continued to be difficult as a result of rapid increase of multidrug and extensively drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Medicinal plants have for centuries been traditionally used in treatment of tuberculosis and similar ailments. They possess antimicrobial properties which render them a new hope as a source of novel bioactive leads in the development of antimycobacterial agents. In this study, 2 plant species commonly used traditionally in Uganda for treatment of tuberculosis, Zanthoxylum leprieurii and Rubia cordifolia were screened for in vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains;pan sensitive MTB H37Rv, Rifampicin resistant TMC 331 strain and two wild strains (one rifampicin resistant and another one rifampicin susceptible). Antimycobacterial activity of aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic plant extracts was determined using Resazurin Microtiter Assay (REMA). Both plant extracts exhibited significant in vitro antimycobacterial activity against all strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of methanolic crude extracts of both plants ranged from 23.4 μg/mL to 187.5 μg/mL. Comparatively, methanol extracts of both plants possessed superior antimycobacterial activity against all Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Our findings indicated that both plants exhibited activity against susceptible and resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While antimycobacterial activity of Z. leprieurii confirms results from previous studies, activity of the extracts of R. cordifolia is reported for the first time in East Africa. Further studies aimed at determining the effects of combination of these plant extracts and standard anti-TB drugs should be carried out.展开更多
Introduction: Resistance to antituberculosis drugs and adverse drug reactions remain the leading causes of tuberculosis therapeutic failure globally. Despite the increasing acceptance of medicinal plant use in combina...Introduction: Resistance to antituberculosis drugs and adverse drug reactions remain the leading causes of tuberculosis therapeutic failure globally. Despite the increasing acceptance of medicinal plant use in combination with conventional antituberculosis drugs in treatment of tuberculosis (TB) in Uganda, there is paucity of knowledge on their combination effect. Aim: This research aimed to determine combination activity of standard antituberculosis drugs with extracts of Zanthoxylum leprieurii Guill. & Perr. and Rubia cordifolia L., the two common antituberculosis medicinal plants in Uganda, against pansensitive (H37Rv) and multi-drug resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Materials and Methods: Two reference MTB strains (H37Rv and MDR strain) were inoculated on Middlebrook 7H11 medium containing a combination of standard antituberculosis drugs and methanol extracts of Z. leprieurii and R. cordifolia at varying concentrations. The number of colonies on the plates was observed and counted weekly for up to 8 weeks. In vitro combination activity was determined using proportion method. Mean percentage inhibition was calculated for the reduction of number of colonies on drug-extract combination medium in relation to drug-extract-free control medium. Results: Drug-extract combinations showed good combination activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains when compared with individual standard anti-TB drugs. This was more exhibited against MDR strain. There was however a reduction in percentage inhibition when extracts were combined with ethambutol and streptomycin against H37Rv strain. Conclusions: Zanthoxylum leprieurii and Rubia cordifolia in combination with standard anti-TB drugs exhibited increased in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, especially MDR-TB strain. This justifies the local use of these plants in traditional treatment of tuberculosis especially in resistant cases in Uganda.展开更多
Rubia cordifolia L.belongs to Rubiaceae family.Its medicinal parts are mainly root and rhizome,which is included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020),has the effect of cooling blood and stopping bleeding,removing stasis...Rubia cordifolia L.belongs to Rubiaceae family.Its medicinal parts are mainly root and rhizome,which is included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020),has the effect of cooling blood and stopping bleeding,removing stasis and channeling menstruation.However,studies on the hemostatic effect of R.cordifolia mainly focus on extracts,and the hemostatic components are less studied.Therefore,chemical constituents and coagulant activity of R.cordifolia were investigated in this paper.Eleven compounds were isolated and identified from R.cordifolia,including 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone(1),1,4-dihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone(2),palmitic acid(3),tricosanoic acid(4),ω-hydroxypachybasin(5),ursolic acid(6),oleanolic acid(7),rubilactone(8),β-sitosterol(9),cordifoliol(10),1,3-dihydroxy-2-ethoxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinone(11).ω-Hydroxypachybasin was isolated from Rubia genus for the first time.1,4-Dihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone,rubilactone and 1,3-dihydroxy-2-ethoxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinone could remarkably shorten the plasma calcium coating time in vitro,thus indicating that they had procoagulant activity.展开更多
文摘OBJECTIVE: To investigate the most effective weight ratio of Qiancao(Radix Rubiae Cordifoliae) and Haipiaoxiao(Endoconcha Sepiellae) used to produce decoction for the treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding(AUB) in rats with incomplete abortion, and to study the possible mechanism. METHODS: The models of AUB were established by incomplete drug abortion with mifepristone and misoprostol in pregnant rats. The therapeutic effects of decoctions made by eight different weight ratios of Qiancao(Radix Rubiae Cordifoliae) and Haipiaoxiao(Endoconcha Sepiellae) were observed. RESULTS: Statistical analysis revealed that the most effective weight ratio of Qiancao(Radix Rubiae Cordifoliae) and Haipiaoxiao(Endoconcha Sepiellae) to treat AUB in this study was 2∶1. CONCLUSION: The insights gained from this study would improve understanding of the mechanisms involved in the effect of Qiancao(Radix Rubiae Cordifoliae) and Haipiaoxiao(Endoconcha Sepiellae) on AUB.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1032602,91013002,30725048)the National New Drug Innovation Major Project of China(2011ZX09307-002-02)the National Basic Reaearch Program of China(2009 CB522300).
文摘Three new triterpenoids,3β-hydroxy-urs-30-p-Z-hydroxycinnamoyl-12-en-28-oic-acid(1),3β-hydroxy-olean-30-p-E-hydroxycinnamoyl-12-en-28-oic-acid(2)and 3β,6α-dihydroxy-urs-14-en-12-one(3),together with seven known triterpenoids,were isolated from the roots of Rubia schumanniana.Their structures were established by means of spectroscopic analysis.All compounds were evaluated for cytotoxic activity,and compounds 2-6 showed cytotoxicity with the IC50 values of 10.75~18.87μg/mL.
文摘OBJECTIVE:To estimate the phytochemical composition,antioxidant,antifungal,cytotoxic and phytotoxic activities of three important medicinal plants of Poonch valley,Azad Kashmir Pakistan.METHODS:Phytochemicals were investigated for both qualitative(phenols,flavonoids,alkaloids and saponins)and quantitative(total phenolic and flavonoid contents)analysis of plant extracts prepared in ethanol,ethyl acetate and benzene.Moreover,antioxidant potential was investigated by screening botanical extracts against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging assay,phosphomolybdenum and total reducing power assay.While,disc diffusion method was used for determination of antifungal potential of all extracts against four pathogenic strains.Furthermore,brine shrimp cytotoxicity assay was conducted for cytotoxic potential and radish seed germination assay was carried out for estimation of allelopathic potential of plant extracts.RESULTS:Phytochemical evaluation showed the presence of phenolics,flavonoids,alkaloids and saponins in almost all plants.In addition to significant antioxidant potential,Rubia cordifolia(ethanolic extract)revealed highest amount of phenolics and flavonoids.The said plant also exhibited good cytotoxic activity.Among plant extracts highest antifungal activity and allelopathic potential was recorded by Oxalis latifolia(ethyl acetate extract).Ethanol and ethyl acetate were observed to be the best choice of solvents.The best solvents-based results were obtained by Ethanol followed by Ethyl acetate and Benzene.CONCLUSION:For further studies,Rubia cordifolia and Oxalis latifolia are the most promising medicinal plants of Poonch valley,Azad Kashmir Pakistan at molecular level in order to isolate the compounds concerning with pronounced activities.
文摘[Objectives]We intend to conduct a study to predict habitat suitability and geographic distribution of Rubia cordifolia L.,to find the most suitable ecological environment for its growth,and to provide a theoretical basis for the development and cultivation of R.cordifolia L.industry.[Methods]Based on the environmental factors and the occurrence data,we predicted the potential geographic distribution of R.cordifolia L.in China by combining the MaxEnt model and ArcGIS.[Results]The training set and test set AUC were respectively 0.963 and 0.946,indicating that the MaxEnt model predicted well.The wettest monthly precipitation,precipitation in July,precipitation of driest season,and average monthly temperature in September and April were the dominant environmental factors affecting the distribution of R.cordifolia L.The highly habitable areas were mainly concentrated in central,eastern and northern China.[Conclusions]The results of this study can be used as a reference for the development of R.cordifolia L.industry in related areas.
基金This study was financed by the grant from the National Social Science Fund of China(No.18BG126).
文摘Qian Cao(Radix et Rhizoma Rubiae)is a perennial grass with red and yellow pigments in its roots.It has been used since ancient times for fabric dyeing and painting,and it’s the oldest red dye in both Europe and China.Xi Yang Qian(Rubia tirctorum L.)spread from the East to the West,while Zhong Guo Qian(Rubia cordifolia L.)spread from the West to the East.Both were integral in the development of Chinese and Western color cultures.Nowadays,although it is no longer commonly used in dyes and paints,Qian Cao is still used in clinical medicine as a medicinal herb.
文摘Tuberculosis (TB) remains a public health challenge and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. TB is preventable and curable. However, treatment of tuberculosis has continued to be difficult as a result of rapid increase of multidrug and extensively drug resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Medicinal plants have for centuries been traditionally used in treatment of tuberculosis and similar ailments. They possess antimicrobial properties which render them a new hope as a source of novel bioactive leads in the development of antimycobacterial agents. In this study, 2 plant species commonly used traditionally in Uganda for treatment of tuberculosis, Zanthoxylum leprieurii and Rubia cordifolia were screened for in vitro antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains;pan sensitive MTB H37Rv, Rifampicin resistant TMC 331 strain and two wild strains (one rifampicin resistant and another one rifampicin susceptible). Antimycobacterial activity of aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic plant extracts was determined using Resazurin Microtiter Assay (REMA). Both plant extracts exhibited significant in vitro antimycobacterial activity against all strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of methanolic crude extracts of both plants ranged from 23.4 μg/mL to 187.5 μg/mL. Comparatively, methanol extracts of both plants possessed superior antimycobacterial activity against all Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Our findings indicated that both plants exhibited activity against susceptible and resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While antimycobacterial activity of Z. leprieurii confirms results from previous studies, activity of the extracts of R. cordifolia is reported for the first time in East Africa. Further studies aimed at determining the effects of combination of these plant extracts and standard anti-TB drugs should be carried out.
文摘Introduction: Resistance to antituberculosis drugs and adverse drug reactions remain the leading causes of tuberculosis therapeutic failure globally. Despite the increasing acceptance of medicinal plant use in combination with conventional antituberculosis drugs in treatment of tuberculosis (TB) in Uganda, there is paucity of knowledge on their combination effect. Aim: This research aimed to determine combination activity of standard antituberculosis drugs with extracts of Zanthoxylum leprieurii Guill. & Perr. and Rubia cordifolia L., the two common antituberculosis medicinal plants in Uganda, against pansensitive (H37Rv) and multi-drug resistant (MDR) Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains. Materials and Methods: Two reference MTB strains (H37Rv and MDR strain) were inoculated on Middlebrook 7H11 medium containing a combination of standard antituberculosis drugs and methanol extracts of Z. leprieurii and R. cordifolia at varying concentrations. The number of colonies on the plates was observed and counted weekly for up to 8 weeks. In vitro combination activity was determined using proportion method. Mean percentage inhibition was calculated for the reduction of number of colonies on drug-extract combination medium in relation to drug-extract-free control medium. Results: Drug-extract combinations showed good combination activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains when compared with individual standard anti-TB drugs. This was more exhibited against MDR strain. There was however a reduction in percentage inhibition when extracts were combined with ethambutol and streptomycin against H37Rv strain. Conclusions: Zanthoxylum leprieurii and Rubia cordifolia in combination with standard anti-TB drugs exhibited increased in vitro activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, especially MDR-TB strain. This justifies the local use of these plants in traditional treatment of tuberculosis especially in resistant cases in Uganda.
基金This work was supported by Research on Precision Nutrition and Health Food,Department of Science and Technology of Henan Province(CXJD2021006)Science and Technology Development Program of Henan Province(212102310354)Key Scientific Research Projects of Higher Education Institutions in Henan Province(21B360001).
文摘Rubia cordifolia L.belongs to Rubiaceae family.Its medicinal parts are mainly root and rhizome,which is included in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020),has the effect of cooling blood and stopping bleeding,removing stasis and channeling menstruation.However,studies on the hemostatic effect of R.cordifolia mainly focus on extracts,and the hemostatic components are less studied.Therefore,chemical constituents and coagulant activity of R.cordifolia were investigated in this paper.Eleven compounds were isolated and identified from R.cordifolia,including 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-9,10-anthraquinone(1),1,4-dihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone(2),palmitic acid(3),tricosanoic acid(4),ω-hydroxypachybasin(5),ursolic acid(6),oleanolic acid(7),rubilactone(8),β-sitosterol(9),cordifoliol(10),1,3-dihydroxy-2-ethoxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinone(11).ω-Hydroxypachybasin was isolated from Rubia genus for the first time.1,4-Dihydroxy-2-methylanthraquinone,rubilactone and 1,3-dihydroxy-2-ethoxymethyl-9,10-anthraquinone could remarkably shorten the plasma calcium coating time in vitro,thus indicating that they had procoagulant activity.
