A novel high gravity multi-concentric cylinder electrodes-rotating bed(MCCE-RB) was developed for the electrocatalytic degradation of phenol wastewater in order to enhance the mass transfer with the self-made RuO_2-Ir...A novel high gravity multi-concentric cylinder electrodes-rotating bed(MCCE-RB) was developed for the electrocatalytic degradation of phenol wastewater in order to enhance the mass transfer with the self-made RuO_2-IrO_2-SnO_2/Ti anodes. The influences of electric current density, inlet liquid circulation flowrate, high gravity factor, sodium chloride concentration,and initial pH value on phenol degradation efficiency were investigated, with the optimal operating conditions determined. The results showed that under the optimal operating conditions covering a current density of 35 mA/cm^2, an inlet liquid circulation flowrate of 48 L/h, a high gravity factor of 20, a sodium chloride concentration of 8.5 g/L, an initial pH value of 6.5, a reaction time of 100 min, and an initial phenol concentration of 500 mg/L, the efficiency for removal of phenol reached 99.7%, which was improved by 10.4% as compared to that achieved in the normal gravity field. The tendency regarding the change in efficiency for removal of phenol, total organic carbon(TOC), and chemical oxygen demand(COD)over time was studied. The intermediates and degradation pathway of phenol were deduced by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).展开更多
Nanometer RuO2-SnO2 was synthesized by the citrate-gel method using RuCl3, SnCl4 as cation sources, citric acid as complexing agent and anhydrous ethanol as solvent. The structures of the derived powders were characte...Nanometer RuO2-SnO2 was synthesized by the citrate-gel method using RuCl3, SnCl4 as cation sources, citric acid as complexing agent and anhydrous ethanol as solvent. The structures of the derived powders were characterized by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurement. The pure, fine and amorphous powders was obtained at 160℃. The materials calcined at above 400 ℃ were composed of rutile-type oxide phases having particle sizes of fairly narrow distribution and good thermal resistant properties. By adding SnO2 to RuO2, the Ru metallic phase can be effectively controlled under a traditional temperature of preparation for dimensional stable anode.展开更多
为了研究满足压载水排放标准的处理系统,建立了可以实现单独控制的以钛基氧化锡钌(Ti/SnO2-RuO2)为阳极材料的电催化系统和紫外辐射复合压载水处理系统。以杜氏盐藻、青岛大扁藻、锥状克里斯普藻和四爿藻为目标处理微生物,对该系统进行...为了研究满足压载水排放标准的处理系统,建立了可以实现单独控制的以钛基氧化锡钌(Ti/SnO2-RuO2)为阳极材料的电催化系统和紫外辐射复合压载水处理系统。以杜氏盐藻、青岛大扁藻、锥状克里斯普藻和四爿藻为目标处理微生物,对该系统进行微藻灭活实验结果表明,Ti/SnO2-RuO2阳极电催化-UV复合系统克服了单独电催化系统高能耗、单独紫外辐射系统紫外灯衰减迅速的缺点,在紫外辐射出度45μW/cm2、电流密度130 m A/cm2、HRT为1.0 s的条件下,处理出水4 h后活藻数量可以达到国际海事组织(IMO)对压载水中10~50μm微生物的灭活要求。总剩余氧化物(TRO)含量会随时间推移而有衰减,且没有出现细胞光复活和修复现象,说明该复合系统具有理想的持续灭活作用。展开更多
The Ti-Supported MnO_2 electrode was modified by introducing SnO_2+RuO_2+MnO_2 as an intermediate layer into the Ti/MnO_2 interface. The anodic polarization curves were measured at various temperatures ranging from 30...The Ti-Supported MnO_2 electrode was modified by introducing SnO_2+RuO_2+MnO_2 as an intermediate layer into the Ti/MnO_2 interface. The anodic polarization curves were measured at various temperatures ranging from 30 to 80℃ and the activation energy for the oxygen evolution reaction was evaluated. The experimental activation energy increased linearly with increasing the overpotential. The activation energy at the equilibrium potential was linearly correlated with the difference between the crystal field stabilization energies of Mn^(4+) at initial state and Mn^(4+) at transition state. The electrocatalysis characteristics of the anode were discussed by means of the mechanism of the substitution reaction of the ligand(S_N1 and S_N2) and molecular orbital theory. The results show that the anode has better electrocatalystic characteristics.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No.U1610106)the Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No.21703208)
文摘A novel high gravity multi-concentric cylinder electrodes-rotating bed(MCCE-RB) was developed for the electrocatalytic degradation of phenol wastewater in order to enhance the mass transfer with the self-made RuO_2-IrO_2-SnO_2/Ti anodes. The influences of electric current density, inlet liquid circulation flowrate, high gravity factor, sodium chloride concentration,and initial pH value on phenol degradation efficiency were investigated, with the optimal operating conditions determined. The results showed that under the optimal operating conditions covering a current density of 35 mA/cm^2, an inlet liquid circulation flowrate of 48 L/h, a high gravity factor of 20, a sodium chloride concentration of 8.5 g/L, an initial pH value of 6.5, a reaction time of 100 min, and an initial phenol concentration of 500 mg/L, the efficiency for removal of phenol reached 99.7%, which was improved by 10.4% as compared to that achieved in the normal gravity field. The tendency regarding the change in efficiency for removal of phenol, total organic carbon(TOC), and chemical oxygen demand(COD)over time was studied. The intermediates and degradation pathway of phenol were deduced by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50472002)the Science & Technical Development Foundation of Fuzhou University(No.2006-XQ-02)the Science & Technology Bureau Foundation of Fujian Province(JB05013)
文摘Nanometer RuO2-SnO2 was synthesized by the citrate-gel method using RuCl3, SnCl4 as cation sources, citric acid as complexing agent and anhydrous ethanol as solvent. The structures of the derived powders were characterized by thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area measurement. The pure, fine and amorphous powders was obtained at 160℃. The materials calcined at above 400 ℃ were composed of rutile-type oxide phases having particle sizes of fairly narrow distribution and good thermal resistant properties. By adding SnO2 to RuO2, the Ru metallic phase can be effectively controlled under a traditional temperature of preparation for dimensional stable anode.
文摘为了研究满足压载水排放标准的处理系统,建立了可以实现单独控制的以钛基氧化锡钌(Ti/SnO2-RuO2)为阳极材料的电催化系统和紫外辐射复合压载水处理系统。以杜氏盐藻、青岛大扁藻、锥状克里斯普藻和四爿藻为目标处理微生物,对该系统进行微藻灭活实验结果表明,Ti/SnO2-RuO2阳极电催化-UV复合系统克服了单独电催化系统高能耗、单独紫外辐射系统紫外灯衰减迅速的缺点,在紫外辐射出度45μW/cm2、电流密度130 m A/cm2、HRT为1.0 s的条件下,处理出水4 h后活藻数量可以达到国际海事组织(IMO)对压载水中10~50μm微生物的灭活要求。总剩余氧化物(TRO)含量会随时间推移而有衰减,且没有出现细胞光复活和修复现象,说明该复合系统具有理想的持续灭活作用。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘The Ti-Supported MnO_2 electrode was modified by introducing SnO_2+RuO_2+MnO_2 as an intermediate layer into the Ti/MnO_2 interface. The anodic polarization curves were measured at various temperatures ranging from 30 to 80℃ and the activation energy for the oxygen evolution reaction was evaluated. The experimental activation energy increased linearly with increasing the overpotential. The activation energy at the equilibrium potential was linearly correlated with the difference between the crystal field stabilization energies of Mn^(4+) at initial state and Mn^(4+) at transition state. The electrocatalysis characteristics of the anode were discussed by means of the mechanism of the substitution reaction of the ligand(S_N1 and S_N2) and molecular orbital theory. The results show that the anode has better electrocatalystic characteristics.
