以采自福建省山区的正红菇Russula griseocarnosa为研究材料,进行ITS(internal transcribed spacer)、RPB2(the second largest subunit of the nuclear RNA polymerase enzyme II)保守区段克隆测序和序列同源性比对。将从GenBank中获...以采自福建省山区的正红菇Russula griseocarnosa为研究材料,进行ITS(internal transcribed spacer)、RPB2(the second largest subunit of the nuclear RNA polymerase enzyme II)保守区段克隆测序和序列同源性比对。将从GenBank中获得的部分红菇属物种ITS和RPB2序列与正红菇序列通过最大简约法进行系统发育分析。基于ITS序列构建的系统发育树表明,福建正红菇与云南大红菌Russula griseocarnosa X.H.Wang,Zhu L.Yang&Knudsen,sp.nov.间序列差异较小,亲缘关系较近,以99%的支持率聚为一簇。福建正红菇与欧洲红菇Russula vinosa及玫瑰红菇Russula rosea间序列差异较大,亲缘关系较远,在系统发育树上聚为不同分枝。基于RPB2序列构建的系统发育树也表明福建正红菇与云南大红菌聚为一簇(支持率94%),而与玫瑰红菇聚为不同分支。展开更多
Polyploidy after hybridization between species can lead to immediate post-zygotic isolation,causing saltatory origin of new species.Although the incidence of polyploidization in plants is high,it is thought that a new...Polyploidy after hybridization between species can lead to immediate post-zygotic isolation,causing saltatory origin of new species.Although the incidence of polyploidization in plants is high,it is thought that a new polyploid lineage can succeed only if it establishes a new ecological niche divergent from its progenitor lineages.We tested the hypothesis that Rhodiola integrifolia from North America is an allopolyploid produced by R. rhodantha and R.rosea and determined whether its survival can be explained by the niche divergence hypothesis.To this end,we sequenced two low-copy nuclear genes(ncpGS and rpb2) in a phylogenetic analysis of 42 Rhodiola species and tested for niche equivalency and similarity using Schoener’s D as the index of niche overlap.Our phylogeny-based approach showed that R integrifolia possesses alleles from both R. rhodantha and rosea Dating analysis showed that the hybridization event that led to R.integrifolia occurred ca.1.67 Mya and niche modeling analysis showed that at this time,both R.rosea and R.rhodantha may have been present in Beringia,providing the opportunity for the hybridization event.We also found that the niche of R.integrifolia differs from that of its progenitors in both niche breadth and optimum.Taken together,these results confirm the hybrid origin of R.integrifolia and support the niche divergence hypothesis for this tetraploid species.Our results underscore the fact that lineages with no current overlapping distribution could produce hybrid descendants in the past,when climate oscillations made their distributions overlap.展开更多
Fusarium crown rot,mainly caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum,is a destructive disease in wheat production.To establish a rapid and reliable detection method for F.peasudeograminearum,the specific PCR primer pair(Fpg...Fusarium crown rot,mainly caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum,is a destructive disease in wheat production.To establish a rapid and reliable detection method for F.peasudeograminearum,the specific PCR primer pair(Fpg-F1;R2)was designed based on the RPB sequence,and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR)was used to validate the efficiency of the primer.The results showed that the primer pair had high specificity and sensitivity of 100 pg of DNA.Furthermore,the qPCR system for early and rapid detection of F.peasudeograminearum had an amplification efficiency of 87.5%and correlation coefficient of 0.99,and the pathologic threshold of F.pseudograminearum in soil was determined by using this detection system.It was found that F.pseudograminearum could cause Fusarium crown rot when the DNA concentration of F.pseudograminearum in field soil exceeded 213 pg·g^(-1).Hence,the qPCR-based method we developed for F.pseudograminearum detection has the advantages of high specificity and sensitivity,and can be used for rapid and early detection of F.pseudograminearum even in field soils.展开更多
文摘以采自福建省山区的正红菇Russula griseocarnosa为研究材料,进行ITS(internal transcribed spacer)、RPB2(the second largest subunit of the nuclear RNA polymerase enzyme II)保守区段克隆测序和序列同源性比对。将从GenBank中获得的部分红菇属物种ITS和RPB2序列与正红菇序列通过最大简约法进行系统发育分析。基于ITS序列构建的系统发育树表明,福建正红菇与云南大红菌Russula griseocarnosa X.H.Wang,Zhu L.Yang&Knudsen,sp.nov.间序列差异较小,亲缘关系较近,以99%的支持率聚为一簇。福建正红菇与欧洲红菇Russula vinosa及玫瑰红菇Russula rosea间序列差异较大,亲缘关系较远,在系统发育树上聚为不同分枝。基于RPB2序列构建的系统发育树也表明福建正红菇与云南大红菌聚为一簇(支持率94%),而与玫瑰红菇聚为不同分支。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31270073)Ministry of Science and Technology of China for Fundamental Research(No.2013FY110400)
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31270073)Ministry of Science and Technology of China for Fundamental Research(2013FY110400)
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central University of Shaanxi Normal University (GK202103077 to J.Q,Zhang)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant nos.31870194,32070236)。
文摘Polyploidy after hybridization between species can lead to immediate post-zygotic isolation,causing saltatory origin of new species.Although the incidence of polyploidization in plants is high,it is thought that a new polyploid lineage can succeed only if it establishes a new ecological niche divergent from its progenitor lineages.We tested the hypothesis that Rhodiola integrifolia from North America is an allopolyploid produced by R. rhodantha and R.rosea and determined whether its survival can be explained by the niche divergence hypothesis.To this end,we sequenced two low-copy nuclear genes(ncpGS and rpb2) in a phylogenetic analysis of 42 Rhodiola species and tested for niche equivalency and similarity using Schoener’s D as the index of niche overlap.Our phylogeny-based approach showed that R integrifolia possesses alleles from both R. rhodantha and rosea Dating analysis showed that the hybridization event that led to R.integrifolia occurred ca.1.67 Mya and niche modeling analysis showed that at this time,both R.rosea and R.rhodantha may have been present in Beringia,providing the opportunity for the hybridization event.We also found that the niche of R.integrifolia differs from that of its progenitors in both niche breadth and optimum.Taken together,these results confirm the hybrid origin of R.integrifolia and support the niche divergence hypothesis for this tetraploid species.Our results underscore the fact that lineages with no current overlapping distribution could produce hybrid descendants in the past,when climate oscillations made their distributions overlap.
基金Yong Science and Technology Talent of AAAS(QNYC-201911)。
文摘Fusarium crown rot,mainly caused by Fusarium pseudograminearum,is a destructive disease in wheat production.To establish a rapid and reliable detection method for F.peasudeograminearum,the specific PCR primer pair(Fpg-F1;R2)was designed based on the RPB sequence,and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(qPCR)was used to validate the efficiency of the primer.The results showed that the primer pair had high specificity and sensitivity of 100 pg of DNA.Furthermore,the qPCR system for early and rapid detection of F.peasudeograminearum had an amplification efficiency of 87.5%and correlation coefficient of 0.99,and the pathologic threshold of F.pseudograminearum in soil was determined by using this detection system.It was found that F.pseudograminearum could cause Fusarium crown rot when the DNA concentration of F.pseudograminearum in field soil exceeded 213 pg·g^(-1).Hence,the qPCR-based method we developed for F.pseudograminearum detection has the advantages of high specificity and sensitivity,and can be used for rapid and early detection of F.pseudograminearum even in field soils.
