陕北地区采煤活动频繁且持续,容易引发一系列的地质灾害。煤矿工业广场的开挖边坡易引发崩塌灾害隐患,给场地内的建筑、设备、人员和车辆等带来极大威胁。当下对于崩塌隐患的分析和预测常采用基于坡表剖面线的二维分析办法,存在人为选...陕北地区采煤活动频繁且持续,容易引发一系列的地质灾害。煤矿工业广场的开挖边坡易引发崩塌灾害隐患,给场地内的建筑、设备、人员和车辆等带来极大威胁。当下对于崩塌隐患的分析和预测常采用基于坡表剖面线的二维分析办法,存在人为选定崩塌运动路径随机性大,无法在第三维度研究崩塌分布范围、影响程度等缺点,难以对崩塌灾害进行高效的评估。为解决上述问题,以陕北某煤矿工业广场的开挖边坡为例,在现场调查的基础上,采用无人机自动航空摄影测量与自动化建立高精度三维地面模型技术、点云数据提取结构面参数技术及三维崩塌运动模拟技术,分析了历史崩塌分布的统计学特征,岩体结构面的产状和物源区危岩体等特征,并进行了开挖边坡崩塌危岩体的运动特征的模拟,通过模拟,获取了崩塌体的运动轨迹、影响范围和最优路径下的弹跳高度、能量分布等。结果表明,危岩区主要威胁工业广场东北侧的生活区和东南侧的停车场,不会对工业广场中部的G338国道、工业广场西侧的黄土路肩和河流水面构成威胁。其中,A危岩区对生活区影响范围最大,为62 m, D危岩区对停车场影响范围最大,为105 m;最优路径时,D危岩区落石质心距离坡面的高度最大,为8.33 m, A危岩区落石质心距离生活区的高度最大,为4.59 m, C危岩区落石质心距离停车场的高度最大,为5.85 m;被动防护网能较为有效地防护A危岩区的落石,对B危岩区的落石防护作用不显著,对C、D、E、F危岩区无防护效果。有关研究结论可以为崩塌的灾害治理、防治设计提供一定的指导依据。展开更多
Rock collapse is a significant geological disaster that poses a serious threat to life and property in mountainous regions worldwide. Investigating the response of protective structures to rockfall impacts can provide...Rock collapse is a significant geological disaster that poses a serious threat to life and property in mountainous regions worldwide. Investigating the response of protective structures to rockfall impacts can provide valuable references for the design and placement of such structures. In this study, RocPro3D and ABAQUS were employed to comprehensively analyze rockfall movement trajectories and the structural response upon impact. The results indicate that when the impact velocity of rockfall at the protective structure reaches 20–30 m/sec, the corresponding bounce height ranges from 5 to 8 m, and most rockfall accumulates at the slope toe. The interface form of the structure significantly influences various impact response indicators, including impact force, penetration depth, contact area, concrete strain, and displacement of the slab’s lower surface. Furthermore, slabs equipped with a buffer layer experience substantially less damage compared to those without one.展开更多
文摘陕北地区采煤活动频繁且持续,容易引发一系列的地质灾害。煤矿工业广场的开挖边坡易引发崩塌灾害隐患,给场地内的建筑、设备、人员和车辆等带来极大威胁。当下对于崩塌隐患的分析和预测常采用基于坡表剖面线的二维分析办法,存在人为选定崩塌运动路径随机性大,无法在第三维度研究崩塌分布范围、影响程度等缺点,难以对崩塌灾害进行高效的评估。为解决上述问题,以陕北某煤矿工业广场的开挖边坡为例,在现场调查的基础上,采用无人机自动航空摄影测量与自动化建立高精度三维地面模型技术、点云数据提取结构面参数技术及三维崩塌运动模拟技术,分析了历史崩塌分布的统计学特征,岩体结构面的产状和物源区危岩体等特征,并进行了开挖边坡崩塌危岩体的运动特征的模拟,通过模拟,获取了崩塌体的运动轨迹、影响范围和最优路径下的弹跳高度、能量分布等。结果表明,危岩区主要威胁工业广场东北侧的生活区和东南侧的停车场,不会对工业广场中部的G338国道、工业广场西侧的黄土路肩和河流水面构成威胁。其中,A危岩区对生活区影响范围最大,为62 m, D危岩区对停车场影响范围最大,为105 m;最优路径时,D危岩区落石质心距离坡面的高度最大,为8.33 m, A危岩区落石质心距离生活区的高度最大,为4.59 m, C危岩区落石质心距离停车场的高度最大,为5.85 m;被动防护网能较为有效地防护A危岩区的落石,对B危岩区的落石防护作用不显著,对C、D、E、F危岩区无防护效果。有关研究结论可以为崩塌的灾害治理、防治设计提供一定的指导依据。
基金supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M723687)the Doctoral Science and Technology Startup Foundation of Shandong University of Technology(420048)+3 种基金National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Tainning Program(202410433053)National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Tainning Program(202410433004)Provincial College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Tainning Program(S202410433084)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2025MS802)..
文摘Rock collapse is a significant geological disaster that poses a serious threat to life and property in mountainous regions worldwide. Investigating the response of protective structures to rockfall impacts can provide valuable references for the design and placement of such structures. In this study, RocPro3D and ABAQUS were employed to comprehensively analyze rockfall movement trajectories and the structural response upon impact. The results indicate that when the impact velocity of rockfall at the protective structure reaches 20–30 m/sec, the corresponding bounce height ranges from 5 to 8 m, and most rockfall accumulates at the slope toe. The interface form of the structure significantly influences various impact response indicators, including impact force, penetration depth, contact area, concrete strain, and displacement of the slab’s lower surface. Furthermore, slabs equipped with a buffer layer experience substantially less damage compared to those without one.
