This paper provides a review of predictive analytics for roads,identifying gaps and limitations in current methodologies.It explores the implications of these limitations on accuracy and application,while also discuss...This paper provides a review of predictive analytics for roads,identifying gaps and limitations in current methodologies.It explores the implications of these limitations on accuracy and application,while also discussing how advanced predictive analytics can address these challenges.The article acknowledges the transformative shift brought about by technological advancements and increased computational capabilities.The degradation of pavement surfaces due to increased road users has resulted in safety and comfort issues.Researchers have conducted studies to assess pavement condition and predict future changes in pavement structure.Pavement Management Systems are crucial in developing prediction performance models that estimate pavement condition and degradation severity over time.Machine learning algorithms,artificial neural networks,and regression models have been used,with strengths and weaknesses.Researchers generally agree on their accuracy in estimating pavement condition considering factors like traffic,pavement age,and weather conditions.However,it is important to carefully select an appropriate prediction model to achieve a high-quality prediction performance system.Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of each model enables informed decisions for implementing prediction models that suit specific needs.The advancement of prediction models,coupled with innovative technologies,will contribute to improved pavement management and the overall safety and comfort of road users.展开更多
Roads are the major asset of any country and to conserve them maintenance is essential. The delay of maintenance works can lead the road in the stage of expensive rehabilitation and reconstruction. In Nepal, Departmen...Roads are the major asset of any country and to conserve them maintenance is essential. The delay of maintenance works can lead the road in the stage of expensive rehabilitation and reconstruction. In Nepal, Department of Roads (DoR) is responsible for maintenance of strategic roads of country. The maintenance practice of the road under Department of Road is predominantly based on Strengthen Maintenance Division Process where several maintenance activities like Routine maintenance, Recurrent Maintenance, Periodic Maintenance and Emergency Maintenance are planned and carried out. The maintenance work is based on traditional quantity and unit price based short term maintenance contracts, where maintenance of physical works is outsourced. Client demands the contractor what work is to be done, when to be do it and the extent of the work. The contractor is paid on the basis of a defined output or quantity accomplished, and the schedule of the rates. DoR engineers required full time supervision of work. Pilot based performance based maintenance practice of road started in Nepal in 2003. The study assesses performance road maintenance practices of road maintenance in Nepal on the basis of the framework of cost efficiency, level of service effectiveness and quality of service. The study concluded that implementation of Performance Based Maintenance Contract (PBMC) was not successful in Nepal as Road Asset condition was not maintained to performance standard. One of the reasons is the weak service delivery of contractor alongside weak contract enforcement from the road agency.展开更多
This paper mainly analyzes the status quo of intelligent train research at home and abroad, on the basis of which explains the application of railway large machine information management system, and finally discusses ...This paper mainly analyzes the status quo of intelligent train research at home and abroad, on the basis of which explains the application of railway large machine information management system, and finally discusses the application process of intelligent key technology, hope to provide certain reference and help for the relevant personnel.展开更多
Based on real jobs, this study was carried out the railway maintenance works in Taiwan. It hopes to use GIS （geographic information system） and BIM （building information modeling） for changing the maintenance mode...Based on real jobs, this study was carried out the railway maintenance works in Taiwan. It hopes to use GIS （geographic information system） and BIM （building information modeling） for changing the maintenance model from ＂post-damage repair＂ to ＂preventive maintenance＂ accordingly, this research will build a railway repairing database that installs all repair data. This database will also connect to GIS so that can be the source of analysis and statistic for repair paln. The main results of research are as follows： （l） all data stored on cloud space that raises the ability to manage and plan on repair; （2） simplify the file work and increase the quantity of case data to the manager who can get more reliable source; （3） the data offer objective judgment to avoid subjective argument. The GIS information can be added to improve the maintenance because of good analysis.展开更多
Highway maintenance mileage reached 5.25 million kilometers in China by 2021.Ultra-thin overlay is one of the most commonly used maintenance technologies,which can significantly enhance the economic and environmental ...Highway maintenance mileage reached 5.25 million kilometers in China by 2021.Ultra-thin overlay is one of the most commonly used maintenance technologies,which can significantly enhance the economic and environmental benefits of pavements.To promote the low-carbon development of ultrathin overlays,this paper mainly studied the mechanism and influencing factors of several ultra-thin overlay functions.Firstly,the skid resistance,noise reduction,rutting resistance,and crack resistance of ultrathin overlays were evaluated.The results indicated that the high-quality aggregates improved the skid and rutting resistance of ultra-thin overlay by 5%-20%.The optimized gradations and modified binders reduced noise of ultra-thin overlay by 0.4-6.0 dB.The high viscosity modified binders improved the rutting resistance of ultra-thin overlay by about 10%-130%.Basalt fiber improved the cracking resistance of ultra-thin overlay by more than 20%.Due to the thinner thickness and better road performance,the performance-based engineering cost of ultra-thin overlay was reduced by about 30%-40%compared with conventional overlays.Secondly,several environmentally friendly functions of ultra-thin overlay were investigated,including snow melting and deicing,exhaust gas purification and pavement cooling.The lower thickness of ultra-thin overlay was conducive to the diffusion of chloride-based materials to the pavement surface.Therefore,the snow melting effect of self-ice-melting was better.In addition,the ultra-thin overlay mixture containing photocatalytic materials could decompose 20%-50%of the exhaust gas.The colored ultra-thin overlay was able to reduce the temperature of the pavement by up to 8.1℃.The temperature difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the ultra-thin overlay containing thermal resistance materials could reach up to 12.8℃.In addition,numerous typical global engineering applications of functional ultra-thin overlay were summarized.This review can help better understand the functionality of ultra-thin overlays and promote the realization of future multi-functional and low-carbon road maintenance.展开更多
The application of de-icing salts to improve winter road safety,although necessary in cold climates,may adversely affect groundwater resources and degrade aquatic life in urban streams,if over-prescribed,and cause an ...The application of de-icing salts to improve winter road safety,although necessary in cold climates,may adversely affect groundwater resources and degrade aquatic life in urban streams,if over-prescribed,and cause an increase in crash rates,if under-prescribed.The main objective of this research is to develop algorithms for precision salt application rate(SAR)using advanced machine learning methods to achieve the desired road safety with less adverse environmental effects.This study highlights the importance of accurate realtime monitoring of pavement surface temperature and meteorological variables(i.e.,storm duration,hourly precipitation rate,and air temperature)as key factors in prescribing salt application rates during winter storm events.A new SAR model was trained/tested using a decade of historic salt application rates from a range of winter storm events on three different road classes.The application of this model can help road authorities to achieve greater road safety and reduce adverse environmental impacts,especially in the identified and mapped salt vulnerable areas.展开更多
Blowing snow is a typical natural hazard in high-altitude and snow-prone regions,and its impact could be significantly reduced by accurate forecasts.The empirical study on the conditions for blowing snow hazards on th...Blowing snow is a typical natural hazard in high-altitude and snow-prone regions,and its impact could be significantly reduced by accurate forecasts.The empirical study on the conditions for blowing snow hazards on the Sichuan-Xizang Highway in high-altitude mountainous areas are conducted in this paper.The study reveals that blowing snow events primarily occur from December to the following February,with the affected roads mainly located in mountainous areas above altitudes of 3000 m.Based on physical characteristics,snow cover is categorized into three types with different processes of snowdrifts:newly fallen or wind-transported snow,slightly consolidated snow,and compacted snow undergoing freeze-thaw cycles,each exhibiting distinct snowdrift formation processes.Field measurement results indicate that the average threshold wind speeds for initiating blowing snow are 9.65,14.77,and 23.15 m s^(-1)at the 10-m height for these three snow types,respectively.Additionally,analyzing the effects of temperature and snowfall timing on threshold wind velocity,a multi-tiered susceptibility model for blowing snow is developed.This model offers enhanced practical applicability for classifying different types of snow and provides more detailed insights into the variations in threshold wind speed during both the early and later stages of snowfall events,compared to models that rely solely on constant thresholds or temperature-based criteria.展开更多
Since the year 2000, the city of Gweru has had an unprecedented proliferation of unattended potholes on most of its roads. These potholes have caused discomfort to the motoring public, caused death to others and damag...Since the year 2000, the city of Gweru has had an unprecedented proliferation of unattended potholes on most of its roads. These potholes have caused discomfort to the motoring public, caused death to others and damaged vehicles. This paper presents the results of a study that sought to establish the spatial distribution of potholes and determine their socio-economic impacts in Gweru＇s residential areas. Pothole location and dimensions were measured in the field whilst interviews and questionnaires were administered to vehicle owners, motor mechanic experts, drivers and the travelling public to determine their socio-economic and mechanical impacts. Stratified, convenience and purposive sampling methods were used in the selection of study streets and respondents to questionnaires and interviews. Results revealed that potholes are more concentrated in high density residential areas compared to low density areas. This is primarily due to the substandard construction of roads done in high density residential areas. Other causes of pothole formation identified during this study are poor drainage on the roads, rainfall impact, advanced age of roads, poor or lack of maintenance, type and volume of traffic as well as the effect of tree-root prying on paved surfaces. It is recommended that Gweru City Council enters into partnerships in road construction. The city should also establish fundraising projects to augment its budget. This would help ease problems of service delivery including road maintenance. Signposts can be erected to warn drivers about these hazards in the most affected streets and suburbs. It is also important that council set aside a toll-free telephone line link with road users so that areas where new potholes have been detected are quickly reported and attended to. This will not only save lives but also reduce road maintenance costs and vehicle damage.展开更多
Extreme weather conditions（i, e. snow storm） in winter time have caused significant travel disruptions and increased delay and traffic accidents. Snow plowing and salt spreading are the most common counter-measures ...Extreme weather conditions（i, e. snow storm） in winter time have caused significant travel disruptions and increased delay and traffic accidents. Snow plowing and salt spreading are the most common counter-measures for making our roads safer for motorists. To assist highway maintenance authorities with better planning and allocation of winter maintenance re- sources, this study introduces an analytical model to estimate the required number of trucks for spreading operation subjective to pre-specified service time constraints considering road geome- try, weather and traffic. The complexity of the research problem lies in dealing with heteroge- neous road geometry of road sections, truck capacities, spreading patterns, and traffic speeds under different weather conditions and time periods of an event. The proposed model is applied to two maintenance yards with seven road sections in New Jersey （USA）, which demonstrates itself fairly practical to be implemented, considering diverse operational conditions.展开更多
The road is one of the most important civil infrastructures for serving society,where its service quality and life have direct impacts on the safety and comfort of users.Therefore,road construction,condition detection...The road is one of the most important civil infrastructures for serving society,where its service quality and life have direct impacts on the safety and comfort of users.Therefore,road construction,condition detection and monitoring,and timely maintenance are particularly important for engineers.Many engineering applications of industrial informatics approaches,like image processing technology,widely used computer-based algorithms,and advanced sensors,have been initially and gradually applied to roads.This state-of-the-art review first summarized the research on industrial applications of advanced information technologies in recent years,while analyzing and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each technology.Especially,five topics were focused on road construction,road maintenance with decision strategy,road structure evaluation,smart sensing in the road,and cooperative vehicle infrastructure system.It is expected that advanced industrial informatics can help engineers promote the development of smart,safe,and sustainable roads.展开更多
文摘This paper provides a review of predictive analytics for roads,identifying gaps and limitations in current methodologies.It explores the implications of these limitations on accuracy and application,while also discussing how advanced predictive analytics can address these challenges.The article acknowledges the transformative shift brought about by technological advancements and increased computational capabilities.The degradation of pavement surfaces due to increased road users has resulted in safety and comfort issues.Researchers have conducted studies to assess pavement condition and predict future changes in pavement structure.Pavement Management Systems are crucial in developing prediction performance models that estimate pavement condition and degradation severity over time.Machine learning algorithms,artificial neural networks,and regression models have been used,with strengths and weaknesses.Researchers generally agree on their accuracy in estimating pavement condition considering factors like traffic,pavement age,and weather conditions.However,it is important to carefully select an appropriate prediction model to achieve a high-quality prediction performance system.Understanding the strengths and weaknesses of each model enables informed decisions for implementing prediction models that suit specific needs.The advancement of prediction models,coupled with innovative technologies,will contribute to improved pavement management and the overall safety and comfort of road users.
文摘Roads are the major asset of any country and to conserve them maintenance is essential. The delay of maintenance works can lead the road in the stage of expensive rehabilitation and reconstruction. In Nepal, Department of Roads (DoR) is responsible for maintenance of strategic roads of country. The maintenance practice of the road under Department of Road is predominantly based on Strengthen Maintenance Division Process where several maintenance activities like Routine maintenance, Recurrent Maintenance, Periodic Maintenance and Emergency Maintenance are planned and carried out. The maintenance work is based on traditional quantity and unit price based short term maintenance contracts, where maintenance of physical works is outsourced. Client demands the contractor what work is to be done, when to be do it and the extent of the work. The contractor is paid on the basis of a defined output or quantity accomplished, and the schedule of the rates. DoR engineers required full time supervision of work. Pilot based performance based maintenance practice of road started in Nepal in 2003. The study assesses performance road maintenance practices of road maintenance in Nepal on the basis of the framework of cost efficiency, level of service effectiveness and quality of service. The study concluded that implementation of Performance Based Maintenance Contract (PBMC) was not successful in Nepal as Road Asset condition was not maintained to performance standard. One of the reasons is the weak service delivery of contractor alongside weak contract enforcement from the road agency.
文摘This paper mainly analyzes the status quo of intelligent train research at home and abroad, on the basis of which explains the application of railway large machine information management system, and finally discusses the application process of intelligent key technology, hope to provide certain reference and help for the relevant personnel.
文摘Based on real jobs, this study was carried out the railway maintenance works in Taiwan. It hopes to use GIS （geographic information system） and BIM （building information modeling） for changing the maintenance model from ＂post-damage repair＂ to ＂preventive maintenance＂ accordingly, this research will build a railway repairing database that installs all repair data. This database will also connect to GIS so that can be the source of analysis and statistic for repair paln. The main results of research are as follows： （l） all data stored on cloud space that raises the ability to manage and plan on repair; （2） simplify the file work and increase the quantity of case data to the manager who can get more reliable source; （3） the data offer objective judgment to avoid subjective argument. The GIS information can be added to improve the maintenance because of good analysis.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0137300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52078018)the German Research Foundation(SFB/TRR 339 and 453596084).
文摘Highway maintenance mileage reached 5.25 million kilometers in China by 2021.Ultra-thin overlay is one of the most commonly used maintenance technologies,which can significantly enhance the economic and environmental benefits of pavements.To promote the low-carbon development of ultrathin overlays,this paper mainly studied the mechanism and influencing factors of several ultra-thin overlay functions.Firstly,the skid resistance,noise reduction,rutting resistance,and crack resistance of ultrathin overlays were evaluated.The results indicated that the high-quality aggregates improved the skid and rutting resistance of ultra-thin overlay by 5%-20%.The optimized gradations and modified binders reduced noise of ultra-thin overlay by 0.4-6.0 dB.The high viscosity modified binders improved the rutting resistance of ultra-thin overlay by about 10%-130%.Basalt fiber improved the cracking resistance of ultra-thin overlay by more than 20%.Due to the thinner thickness and better road performance,the performance-based engineering cost of ultra-thin overlay was reduced by about 30%-40%compared with conventional overlays.Secondly,several environmentally friendly functions of ultra-thin overlay were investigated,including snow melting and deicing,exhaust gas purification and pavement cooling.The lower thickness of ultra-thin overlay was conducive to the diffusion of chloride-based materials to the pavement surface.Therefore,the snow melting effect of self-ice-melting was better.In addition,the ultra-thin overlay mixture containing photocatalytic materials could decompose 20%-50%of the exhaust gas.The colored ultra-thin overlay was able to reduce the temperature of the pavement by up to 8.1℃.The temperature difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the ultra-thin overlay containing thermal resistance materials could reach up to 12.8℃.In addition,numerous typical global engineering applications of functional ultra-thin overlay were summarized.This review can help better understand the functionality of ultra-thin overlays and promote the realization of future multi-functional and low-carbon road maintenance.
基金funded by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario,and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada,alliance grant#401643。
文摘The application of de-icing salts to improve winter road safety,although necessary in cold climates,may adversely affect groundwater resources and degrade aquatic life in urban streams,if over-prescribed,and cause an increase in crash rates,if under-prescribed.The main objective of this research is to develop algorithms for precision salt application rate(SAR)using advanced machine learning methods to achieve the desired road safety with less adverse environmental effects.This study highlights the importance of accurate realtime monitoring of pavement surface temperature and meteorological variables(i.e.,storm duration,hourly precipitation rate,and air temperature)as key factors in prescribing salt application rates during winter storm events.A new SAR model was trained/tested using a decade of historic salt application rates from a range of winter storm events on three different road classes.The application of this model can help road authorities to achieve greater road safety and reduce adverse environmental impacts,especially in the identified and mapped salt vulnerable areas.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52278511)Innovative Development Special Project of China Meteorological Administration(CXFZ2025J071)“Leading the List”Project of Yunnan Meteorological Administration(YNJBGS202306)。
文摘Blowing snow is a typical natural hazard in high-altitude and snow-prone regions,and its impact could be significantly reduced by accurate forecasts.The empirical study on the conditions for blowing snow hazards on the Sichuan-Xizang Highway in high-altitude mountainous areas are conducted in this paper.The study reveals that blowing snow events primarily occur from December to the following February,with the affected roads mainly located in mountainous areas above altitudes of 3000 m.Based on physical characteristics,snow cover is categorized into three types with different processes of snowdrifts:newly fallen or wind-transported snow,slightly consolidated snow,and compacted snow undergoing freeze-thaw cycles,each exhibiting distinct snowdrift formation processes.Field measurement results indicate that the average threshold wind speeds for initiating blowing snow are 9.65,14.77,and 23.15 m s^(-1)at the 10-m height for these three snow types,respectively.Additionally,analyzing the effects of temperature and snowfall timing on threshold wind velocity,a multi-tiered susceptibility model for blowing snow is developed.This model offers enhanced practical applicability for classifying different types of snow and provides more detailed insights into the variations in threshold wind speed during both the early and later stages of snowfall events,compared to models that rely solely on constant thresholds or temperature-based criteria.
文摘Since the year 2000, the city of Gweru has had an unprecedented proliferation of unattended potholes on most of its roads. These potholes have caused discomfort to the motoring public, caused death to others and damaged vehicles. This paper presents the results of a study that sought to establish the spatial distribution of potholes and determine their socio-economic impacts in Gweru＇s residential areas. Pothole location and dimensions were measured in the field whilst interviews and questionnaires were administered to vehicle owners, motor mechanic experts, drivers and the travelling public to determine their socio-economic and mechanical impacts. Stratified, convenience and purposive sampling methods were used in the selection of study streets and respondents to questionnaires and interviews. Results revealed that potholes are more concentrated in high density residential areas compared to low density areas. This is primarily due to the substandard construction of roads done in high density residential areas. Other causes of pothole formation identified during this study are poor drainage on the roads, rainfall impact, advanced age of roads, poor or lack of maintenance, type and volume of traffic as well as the effect of tree-root prying on paved surfaces. It is recommended that Gweru City Council enters into partnerships in road construction. The city should also establish fundraising projects to augment its budget. This would help ease problems of service delivery including road maintenance. Signposts can be erected to warn drivers about these hazards in the most affected streets and suburbs. It is also important that council set aside a toll-free telephone line link with road users so that areas where new potholes have been detected are quickly reported and attended to. This will not only save lives but also reduce road maintenance costs and vehicle damage.
基金supported by the New Jersey Department of Transportation and the Federal Highway Administration
文摘Extreme weather conditions（i, e. snow storm） in winter time have caused significant travel disruptions and increased delay and traffic accidents. Snow plowing and salt spreading are the most common counter-measures for making our roads safer for motorists. To assist highway maintenance authorities with better planning and allocation of winter maintenance re- sources, this study introduces an analytical model to estimate the required number of trucks for spreading operation subjective to pre-specified service time constraints considering road geome- try, weather and traffic. The complexity of the research problem lies in dealing with heteroge- neous road geometry of road sections, truck capacities, spreading patterns, and traffic speeds under different weather conditions and time periods of an event. The proposed model is applied to two maintenance yards with seven road sections in New Jersey （USA）, which demonstrates itself fairly practical to be implemented, considering diverse operational conditions.
基金the Hunan Department of Transportation(No.202152)in ChinaNatural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China(JJ2020ZD0015)+1 种基金the Opening Project Fund of Materials Service Safety Assessment Facilities(MSAF-2021-005,MSAF-2021-109)German Research Foundation(DFG)under Grant No.SFB/TRR 339(453596084)。
文摘The road is one of the most important civil infrastructures for serving society,where its service quality and life have direct impacts on the safety and comfort of users.Therefore,road construction,condition detection and monitoring,and timely maintenance are particularly important for engineers.Many engineering applications of industrial informatics approaches,like image processing technology,widely used computer-based algorithms,and advanced sensors,have been initially and gradually applied to roads.This state-of-the-art review first summarized the research on industrial applications of advanced information technologies in recent years,while analyzing and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of each technology.Especially,five topics were focused on road construction,road maintenance with decision strategy,road structure evaluation,smart sensing in the road,and cooperative vehicle infrastructure system.It is expected that advanced industrial informatics can help engineers promote the development of smart,safe,and sustainable roads.
