As a disorder of lipid metabolism,hyperlipidemia(HLP)is characterized by elevated levels of lipids in the blood circulation.It is consistently related to the development of cardiovascular events and diseases associate...As a disorder of lipid metabolism,hyperlipidemia(HLP)is characterized by elevated levels of lipids in the blood circulation.It is consistently related to the development of cardiovascular events and diseases associated with metabolic syndrome.Alismatis Rhizoma decoction(ARD),a well-known traditional Chinese medicine prescription,has long been used for treating vertigo,which is a symptom experienced by HLP patients.In this study,we aimed to investigate the hyperlipidemic activity and the potential molecular mechanisms of ARD in HLP rats at the transcriptional level.RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis were performed collaboratively,including analysis of differentially expressed genes(DEGs),GO functions,and KEGG pathway analysis.The results showed that 1981 DEGs(1370 upregulated and 611 downregulated)were identified in the HFD group compared with the CON group.Moreover,474 DEGs(350 upregulated and 124 downregulated)were detected in the ARD group compared with the HFD group.Furthermore,GO analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly involved in the following functions:developmental process,response to an external stimulus,ion transport,alcohol binding,and plasma membrane part.Pathway analysis suggested that these DEGs were significantly enriched in bile secretion,malaria,cell adhesion molecules,retinol metabolism,the sphingolipid signaling pathway,chemical carcinogenesis,and the T cell receptor signaling pathway.In conclusion,our study demonstrated that ARD alleviated the lipid metabolism disorder caused by HLP through multiple mechanisms,which provided vital scientific evidence for further pharmacological studies of ARD.展开更多
Human cytomegalovirus(HCMV)is a common herpesvirus that persistently infects a large portion of the world's population.Despite the robust host immune response,HCMV is able to replicate,evade host defenses,and esta...Human cytomegalovirus(HCMV)is a common herpesvirus that persistently infects a large portion of the world's population.Despite the robust host immune response,HCMV is able to replicate,evade host defenses,and establish latency throughout the lifespan by developing multiple immunomodulatory strategies,making the studies on the interaction between HCMV infection and host response particularly important.HCMV has a strict host specificity that specifically infects humans.Therefore,most of the in vivo researches of HCMV rely on clinical samples.Fortunately,the establishment of humanized mouse models allows for convenient in-lab animal experiments involving HCMV infection.Single-cell RNA sequencing enables the study of the relationship between viral and host gene expressions at the single-cell level within host cells.In this study,we assessed the gene expression alterations of PBMCs at the single-cell level within HCMV-infected humanized mice,which sheds light onto the virus-host interactions in the context of HCMV infection of humanized mice and provides a valuable dataset for the related researches.展开更多
Barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)is one of the earliest domesticated crop species and ranked as the fourth largest cereal production worldwide.Forward genetic studies in barley have greatly advanced plant genetics during the...Barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)is one of the earliest domesticated crop species and ranked as the fourth largest cereal production worldwide.Forward genetic studies in barley have greatly advanced plant genetics during the last century;however,most genes are identified by the conventional mapping method.Array genotyping and exome-capture sequencing have also been successfully used to target the causal mutation in barley populations,but these techniques are not widely adopted because of associated costs and partly due to the huge genome size of barley.This review summarizes three mapping cases of barley cuticle mutants in our laboratory with the help of RNA-sequencing.The causal mutations have been successfully identified for two of them and the target genes are located in the pericentromeric regions.Detailed information on the mapping-by-sequencing,mapping-and-sequencing,and RNA-sequencing assisted linkage mapping are presented and some limitations and challenges on the mapping assisted by RNA sequencing are also discussed.The alternative and elegant methods presented in this review may greatly accelerate forward genetics of barley mapping,especially for laboratories without large funding.展开更多
The retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)is fundamental to sustaining retinal homeostasis.RPE abnormality leads to visual defects and blindness,including age-related macular degeneration(AMD).Although breakthroughs have bee...The retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)is fundamental to sustaining retinal homeostasis.RPE abnormality leads to visual defects and blindness,including age-related macular degeneration(AMD).Although breakthroughs have been made in the treatment of neovascular AMD,effective intervention for atrophic AMD is largely absent.The adequate knowledge of RPE pathology is hindered by a lack of the patients'RPE datasets,especially at the single-cell resolution.In the current study,we delved into a large-scale single-cell resource of AMD donors,in which RPE cells were occupied in a substantial proportion.Bulk RNA-seq datasets of atrophic AMD were integrated to extract molecular characteristics of RPE in the pathogenesis of atrophic AMD.Both in vivo and in vitro models revealed that carboxypeptidase X,M14 family member 2(CPXM2),was specifically expressed in the RPE cells of atrophic AMD,which might be induced by oxidative stress and involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of RPE cells.Additionally,silencing of CPXM2 inhibited the mesenchymal phenotype of RPE cells in an oxidative stress cell model.Thus,our results demonstrated that CPXM2 played a crucial role in regulating atrophic AMD and might serve as a potential therapeutic target for atrophic AMD.展开更多
Background:Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is a complex chronic autoimmune disease with no known cure.However,the regulatory mechanism of immunity-related genes is not fully understood in SLE.In order to explore new ...Background:Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is a complex chronic autoimmune disease with no known cure.However,the regulatory mechanism of immunity-related genes is not fully understood in SLE.In order to explore new therapeutic targets,we used bioinformatical methods to analyze a series of data.Methods:After downloading and processing the data from Gene Expression Omnibus database,the differentially expressed genes of SLE were analyzed.CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the immune infiltration of SLE.Based on single-cell RNA-sequencing data,the role of immune-related genes in SLE and its target organ(kidney)were analyzed.Key transcription factors affecting immune-related genes were identified.Cell-cell communication networks in SLE were analyzed.Results:In total,15 hub genes and 4 transcription factors were found in the bulk data.Monocytes and macrophages in GSE81622(SLE)showed more infiltration.There were four cell types were annotated in scRNA sequencing dataset(GSE135779),as follows T cells,monocyte,NK cells and B cells.Immunity-related genes were overexpressed in monocytes.Conclusion:The present study shows that immune-related genes affect SLE through monocytes and play an important role in target organ renal injury.展开更多
Recently,the emergence of single-cell RNA-sequencing(scRNA-seq)technology makes it possible to solve biological problems at the single-cell resolution.One of the critical steps in cellular heterogeneity analysis is th...Recently,the emergence of single-cell RNA-sequencing(scRNA-seq)technology makes it possible to solve biological problems at the single-cell resolution.One of the critical steps in cellular heterogeneity analysis is the cell type identification.Diverse scRNA-seq clustering methods have been proposed to partition cells into clusters.Among all the methods,hierarchical clustering and spectral clustering are the most popular approaches in the downstream clustering analysis with different preprocessing strategies such as similarity learning,dropout imputation,and dimensionality reduction.In this study,we carry out a comprehensive analysis by combining different strategies with these two categories of clustering methods on scRNA-seq datasets under different biological conditions.The analysis results show that the methods with spectral clustering tend to perform better on datasets with continuous shapes in two-dimension,while those with hierarchical clustering achieve better results on datasets with obvious boundaries between clusters in two-dimension.Motivated by this finding,a new strategy,called QRS,is developed to quantitatively evaluate the latent representative shape of a dataset to distinguish whether it has clear boundaries or not.Finally,a data-driven clustering recommendation method,called DDCR,is proposed to recommend hierarchical clustering or spectral clustering for scRNA-seq data.We perform DDCR on two typical single cell clustering methods,SC3 and RAFSIL,and the results show that DDCR recommends a more suitable downstream clustering method for different scRNA-seq datasets and obtains more robust and accurate results.展开更多
Background:The growing male reproductive diseases have been linked to higher exposure to certain environmental compounds such as 2,2,4,4-tetrabromodiphenyl ether(BDE47)that are widely distributed in the food chain.How...Background:The growing male reproductive diseases have been linked to higher exposure to certain environmental compounds such as 2,2,4,4-tetrabromodiphenyl ether(BDE47)that are widely distributed in the food chain.However,the specific underlying molecular mechanisms for BDE47-induced male reproductive toxicity are not completely understood.Methods:Here,for the first time,advanced single-cell RNA sequencing(ScRNA-seq)was employed to dissect BDE47-induced prepubertal testicular toxicity in mice from a pool of 76859 cells.Results:Our ScRNA-seq results revealed shared and heterogeneous information of differentially expressed genes,signaling pathways,transcription factors,and ligands-receptors in major testicular cell types in mice upon BDE47 treatment.Apart from disruption of hormone homeostasis,BDE47 was discovered to downregulate multiple previously unappreciated pathways such as double-strand break repair and cytokinesis pathways,indicative of their potential roles involved in BDE47-induced testicular injury.Interestingly,transcription factors analysis of ScRNA-seq results revealed that Kdm5b(lysine-specific demethylase 5B),a key transcription factor required for spermatogenesis,was downregulated in all germ cells as well as in Sertoli and telocyte cells in BDE47-treated testes of mice,suggesting its contribution to BDE47-induced impairment of spermatogenesis.Conclusions:Overall,for the first time,we established the molecular cell atlas of mice testes to define BDE47-induced prepubertal testicular toxicity using the ScRNA-seq approach,providing novel insight into our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and pathways involved in BDE47-associated testicular injury at a single-cell resolution.Our results can serve as an important resource to further dissect the potential roles of BDE47,and other relevant endocrine-disrupting chemicals,in inducing male reproductive toxicity.展开更多
With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research team directed by Prof.Tang FuChou(汤富酬)at the Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center(BIOPIC),College of life Sciences,Peking Univers...With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research team directed by Prof.Tang FuChou(汤富酬)at the Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center(BIOPIC),College of life Sciences,Peking University,and Prof.Qiao Jie(乔杰)at Peking University Third Hospital recently dissected the gene expression profiles of the four main organs of human fetal digestive tract and the adult large intestine in vivo at single-cell resolution,which was published in Nature Cell Biology(2018,20(6):721-734).The first author of the paper is associate professor Gao Shuai(高帅)at the College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University.展开更多
Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators including maresin 1 mediate resolution but the levels of these are reduced in Alzheimer's disease brain, suggesting that they constitute a novel target for the treatment o...Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators including maresin 1 mediate resolution but the levels of these are reduced in Alzheimer's disease brain, suggesting that they constitute a novel target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease to prevent/stop inflammation and combat disease pathology. Therefore, it is important to clarify whether they counteract the expression of genes and proteins induced by amyloid-β. With this objective, we analyzed the relevance of human monocyte–derived microglia for in vitro modeling of neuroinflammation and its resolution in the context of Alzheimer's disease and investigated the pro-resolving bioactivity of maresin 1 on amyloid-β42–induced Alzheimer's disease–like inflammation. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data and secreted proteins in supernatants from the monocyte-derived microglia showed that the monocyte-derived microglia resembled Alzheimer's disease–like neuroinflammation in human brain microglia after incubation with amyloid-β42. Maresin 1 restored homeostasis by down-regulating inflammatory pathway related gene expression induced by amyloid-β42 in monocyte-derived microglia, protection of maresin 1 against the effects of amyloid-β42 is mediated by a re-balancing of inflammatory transcriptional networks in which modulation of gene transcription in the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway plays a major part. We pinpointed molecular targets that are associated with both neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and therapeutic targets by maresin 1. In conclusion, monocyte-derived microglia represent a relevant in vitro microglial model for studies on Alzheimer's disease-like inflammation and drug response for individual patients. Maresin 1 ameliorates amyloid-β42–induced changes in several genes of importance in Alzheimer's disease, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.展开更多
According to World Health Organization,one in six people will be older than 60 by 2030.The rising life expectancy is anticipated to contribute to a subsequent increase of geriatric fractures worldwide.Osteosarcopenia,...According to World Health Organization,one in six people will be older than 60 by 2030.The rising life expectancy is anticipated to contribute to a subsequent increase of geriatric fractures worldwide.Osteosarcopenia,which is the coexistence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia,greatly affects older people.Recent studies have tried to identify the prevalence of osteosarcopenia in older populations as well as its correlation with fragility fractures such as hip fractures.The latter pose a major burden on both health loss and costs worldwide.Increasing amount of evidence suggests that osteosarcopenia in patients with hip fractures contributes to higher rates of mortality and complications.At the same time,research focuses on the molecular basis of the interplay between osteoporosis and sarcopenia by utilizing genomic or proteomic approaches.These promising studies could reveal potential preventive or diagnostic biomarkers to optimize the management of osteosarcopenia in hip fractures patients.The fact that bones and muscle can also function as endocrine organs further highlights the complex relationship between osteoporosis and sarcopenia,underscoring the need for a better understanding of the role of myokines and osteokines in osteosarcopenia.Finally,the impact of osteosarcopenia on pain management and rehabilitation after hip fracture surgery,requires further assessment.展开更多
BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury,which is associated with high morbidity and mortality,is a main cause of unexpected myocardial injury after acute myocardial infarction.However,the underlying mech...BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury,which is associated with high morbidity and mortality,is a main cause of unexpected myocardial injury after acute myocardial infarction.However,the underlying mechanism remains unclear.Circular RNAs(circRNAs),which are formed from protein-coding genes,can sequester microRNAs or proteins,modulate transcription and interfere with splicing.Authoritative studies suggest that circRNAs may play an important role in myocardial I/R injury.AIM To explore the role and mechanism of circRNAs in myocardial I/R injury.METHODS We constructed a myocardial I/R injury model using ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery,and evaluated the success of the validated model using triphenyltetrazolium chloride and hematoxylin-eosin staining.Then,left ventricular samples from different groups were selected for mRNA-sequence,and differential gene screening was performed on the obtained results.The differentially obtained mRNAs were divided into up-regulated and down-regulated according to their expression levels,and Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)functional enrichment analysis were performed,respectively.Then,the obtained circRNA and microRNA(miRNA)were paired for analysis,and the binding sites of miRNA and mRNA were virtual screened.Finally,the obtained circRNA,miRNA and mRNA were constructed by ceRNA mutual most useful network.RESULTS We used an RNA sequencing array to investigate the expression signatures of circRNAs in myocardial I/R injury using three samples from the I/R group and three samples from the sham group.A total of 142 upregulated and 121 downregulated circRNAs were found to be differentially expressed(fold change≥2,P<0.05).GO and KEGG functional analyses of these circRNAs were performed.GO analysis revealed that these circRNAs were involved mainly in cellular and intracellular processes.KEGG analysis demonstrated that 6 of the top 20 pathways were correlated with cell apoptosis.Furthermore,a circRNA-miRNA coexpression network and ceRNA network based on these genes were constructed,revealing that mmu-circ-0001452,mmu-circ-0001637,and mmu-circ-0000870 might be key regulators of myocardial I/R injury.CONCLUSION This research provides new insights into the mechanism of myocardial I/R,which mmu-circ-0001452,mmu-circ-0001637,and mmu-circ-0000870 are expected to be new therapeutic targets for myocardial I/R injury.展开更多
Herbivorous insects and pathogens cause severe damage to rice tissues,affecting yield and grain quality.Damaged cells trigger downstream defense responses through various signals.Extracellular ATP(eATP),a signaling mo...Herbivorous insects and pathogens cause severe damage to rice tissues,affecting yield and grain quality.Damaged cells trigger downstream defense responses through various signals.Extracellular ATP(eATP),a signaling molecule released during mechanical cell damage,is considered a constitutive damage-associated molecular pattern(DAMP),which is crucial for initiating plant defense responses.Thus,understanding how rice plants cope with DAMPs such as eATP is essential.Here,we found that exogenous ATP affected rice growth and development,cell wall composition,chloroplast development,and cell death.Subsequent global transcriptome analysis revealed that several pathways were involved in the eATP response,including genes related to cell surface receptors,cell wall organization,chlorophyll biosynthesis,heat and temperature stimulation,epigenetic regulation,and reactive oxygen species metabolism.Cell surface receptors,including members of the lectin receptor-like kinases(LecRKs),were found to participate in the eATP response.We further investigated ATP-induced genes in T-DNA activation mutants of OsLecRKs,demonstrating their involvement in eATP signaling in rice.This study confirms a DAMP-mediated transcriptional response in plants and provides novel candidates for advancing resistant rice breeding against insect herbivores and pathogens.展开更多
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by pancreaticβ-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance.Studies have suggested thatβ-cell dedifferentiation is one of the pathogeneses ofβ-cell dysfunction,but th...BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by pancreaticβ-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance.Studies have suggested thatβ-cell dedifferentiation is one of the pathogeneses ofβ-cell dysfunction,but the detailed mechanism is still unclear.Most studies ofβ-cell dedifferentiation rely on rodent models and human pathological specimens.The development of in vitro systems can facilitate the exploration ofβ-cell dedifferentiation.AIM To investigate the molecular mechanism ofβ-cell dedifferentiation.Hence,an in vitro model ofβ-cell dedifferentiation induced by palmitic acid and high glucose was established using the INS-1832/13 cell line.METHODS The study was further analyzed using RNA-sequencing,transmission electron microscopy,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.RESULTS Results showed that the treatment of palmitic acid and high glucose significantly up-regulatedβ-cell forbidden genes and endocrine precursor cell marker genes,and down-regulated the expression ofβ-cell specific markers.Data showed that dedifferentiated INS-1 cells up-regulated the expression of endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stressrelated genes.Moreover,the results also showed that forkhead box O1(Foxo1)inhibition potentiated genetic changes inβ-cell dedifferentiation induced by palmitic acid and high glucose.CONCLUSION ER stress is sufficient to triggerβ-cell dedifferentiation and is necessary for palmitic acid and high glucose-inducedβ-cell dedifferentiation.Foxo1 inhibition can further enhance these phenomena.展开更多
In the food industry,bacterial cells usually adhere to equipment surfaces,forming biofilms that may cause persistent contamination.This study aimed to identify the key genes responsible for the stronger biofilm-formin...In the food industry,bacterial cells usually adhere to equipment surfaces,forming biofilms that may cause persistent contamination.This study aimed to identify the key genes responsible for the stronger biofilm-forming capability of the Listeria monocytogenes LMB33426 strain compared to that of the L.monocytogenes CICC 21662 strain through comparative genomics.Additionally,the expression of genes and related metabolic pathways of LMB 33426 and CICC 21662 strains were analyzed at the transcriptional level by high-throughput sequencing technology to uncover key differentially expressed genes between planktonic and biofilm cells of those two strains.Subsequently,the key genes found to present differences that were uncovered by those genome-wide and transcriptomic analyses were used to construct gene deletion strains.The crystalline violet assay and motility assay showed that GL002291,GL002712 and Imo1438 genes were involved in the regulation of biofilm formation as well as motility.The hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation ability assay results demonstrated an association between the clpB,lmo1438,and lmo0294 genes and bacterial adhesion.However,no significant differences were found regarding this association in the GL002291 and GL002712 genes.This study elucidates some potential regulatory genes associated with biofi lm formation in L.monocytogenes,and laying a theoretical foundation for future research.展开更多
Background:We aimed to characterize the protective effects and the molecular mechanisms of action of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product(NTK)in response to a mastitis challenge.Eighteen mid-lactation multi...Background:We aimed to characterize the protective effects and the molecular mechanisms of action of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product(NTK)in response to a mastitis challenge.Eighteen mid-lactation multiparous Holstein cows(n=9/group)were fed the control diet(CON)or CON supplemented with 19 g/d NTK for 45 d(phase 1,P1)and then infected in the right rear quarter with 2500 CFU of Streptococcus uberis(phase 2,P2).After 36-h,mammary gland and liver biopsies were collected and antibiotic treatment started until the end of P2(9 d post challenge).Cows were then followed until day 75(phase 3,P3).Milk yield(MY)and dry matter intake(DMI)were recorded daily.Milk samples for somatic cell score were collected,and rectal and udder temperature,heart and respiration rate were recorded during the challenge period(P2)together with blood samples for metabolite and immune function analyses.Data were analyzed by phase using the PROC MIXED procedure in SAS.Biopsies were used for transcriptomic analysis via RNA-sequencing,followed by pathway analysis.Results:DMI and MY were not affected by diet in P1,but an interaction with time was recorded in P2 indicating a better recovery from the challenge in NTK compared with CON.NTK reduced rectal temperature,somatic cell score,and temperature of the infected quarter during the challenge.Transcriptome data supported these findings,as NTK supplementation upregulated mammary genes related to immune cell antibacterial function(e.g.,CATHL4,NOS2),epithelial tissue protection(e.g.IL17C),and anti-inflammatory activity(e.g.,ATF3,BAG3,IER3,G-CSF,GRO1,ZFAND2A).Pathway analysis indicated upregulation of tumor necrosis factorα,heat shock protein response,and p21 related pathways in the response to mastitis in NTK cows.Other pathways for detoxification and cytoprotection functions along with the tight junction pathway were also upregulated in NTK-fed cows.Conclusions:Overall,results highlighted molecular networks involved in the protective effect of NTK prophylactic supplementation on udder health during a subclinical mastitic event.展开更多
Keratocystic odontogenic tumors （KCOT） are benign, locally aggressive intraosseous tumors of odontogenic origin. KCOT have a higher stromal microvessel density （MVD） than dentigerous cysts （DC） and normal oral m...Keratocystic odontogenic tumors （KCOT） are benign, locally aggressive intraosseous tumors of odontogenic origin. KCOT have a higher stromal microvessel density （MVD） than dentigerous cysts （DC） and normal oral mucosa. To identify genes in the stroma of KCOT involved in tumor development and progression, RNA sequencing （RNA-Seq） was performed using samples from KCOT and primary stromal fibroblasts isolated from gingival tissues. Seven candidate genes that possess a function potentially related to KCOT progression were selected and their expression levels were confirmed by quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of lysyl oxidase-like 4 （LOXL4）, the only candidate gene that encodes a secreted protein, was enhanced at both the mRNA and protein levels in KCOT stromal tissues and primary KCOT stromal fibroblasts compared to control tissues and primary fibroblasts （P〈0.05）. In vitro, high expression of LOXL4 could enhance proliferation and migration of the human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVECs）. There was a significant, positive correlation between LOXL4 protein expression and MVD in stroma of KCOT and control tissues （r=0.882）. These data suggest that abnormal expression of LOXL4 of KCOT may enhance angiogenesis in KCOT, which may help to promote the locally aggressive biological behavior of KCOT.展开更多
A number of internal signals are required for seed germination.However,the precise signalling responses in the initial imbibition of seed germination are not yet fully understood in rice.In this study,the RNA sequenci...A number of internal signals are required for seed germination.However,the precise signalling responses in the initial imbibition of seed germination are not yet fully understood in rice.In this study,the RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq)approach was conducted in 8 h imbibed seeds to understand the signalling responses in the initial imbibition of rice seed germination.A total of 563 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)with at least 4-fold change were identified in 8 h imbibed seeds compared to dry seeds.MapMan analysis revealed that the majority of signalling response-related DEGs were hormone-and transcription factor-related genes,in which the largest number of DEGs belong to the AP2-domain-containing regulators,and their expressions were significantly induced in the initial imbibition of seed germination in rice.Moreover,at least five AP2-domain-containing transcription factor OsDREBs were identified in the initial imbibition of rice seed germination,and the expressions of 251 DEGs were putatively regulated by OsDREBs through the dehydration-responsive element(DRE)cis-element assay.It suggested that the OsDREBs might play important roles in the regulation of initial seed imbibition in rice.The identified genes provide a valuable resource to study the signalling regulation of seed germination in the future.展开更多
基金The Basic Research Project of Fujian Provincial Public Welfare Research Institute(Grant No.2018R1031-3)Medical Innovation Project of Fujian Provincial Health Commission(Grant No.2018-CX-15)+1 种基金Basic Research Project of Fujian Provincial Public Welfare Research Institute,China(Grant No.2019R1011-5)High-Level Hospital grants(Grant No.2017GL-001)from Fujian Provincial Hospita,Fujian Province,China。
文摘As a disorder of lipid metabolism,hyperlipidemia(HLP)is characterized by elevated levels of lipids in the blood circulation.It is consistently related to the development of cardiovascular events and diseases associated with metabolic syndrome.Alismatis Rhizoma decoction(ARD),a well-known traditional Chinese medicine prescription,has long been used for treating vertigo,which is a symptom experienced by HLP patients.In this study,we aimed to investigate the hyperlipidemic activity and the potential molecular mechanisms of ARD in HLP rats at the transcriptional level.RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis were performed collaboratively,including analysis of differentially expressed genes(DEGs),GO functions,and KEGG pathway analysis.The results showed that 1981 DEGs(1370 upregulated and 611 downregulated)were identified in the HFD group compared with the CON group.Moreover,474 DEGs(350 upregulated and 124 downregulated)were detected in the ARD group compared with the HFD group.Furthermore,GO analysis revealed that DEGs were mainly involved in the following functions:developmental process,response to an external stimulus,ion transport,alcohol binding,and plasma membrane part.Pathway analysis suggested that these DEGs were significantly enriched in bile secretion,malaria,cell adhesion molecules,retinol metabolism,the sphingolipid signaling pathway,chemical carcinogenesis,and the T cell receptor signaling pathway.In conclusion,our study demonstrated that ARD alleviated the lipid metabolism disorder caused by HLP through multiple mechanisms,which provided vital scientific evidence for further pharmacological studies of ARD.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC23066000 to Y.R.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32100106 to Y.R.,and U21A20423 and 32225004 to X.Z.)+2 种基金the CAS Youth Innovation Promotion Association(2023351 to Y.R.)Hubei Province Natural Science Funds(2023AFB582 to Y.R.and 2023AFA008 to X.Z)the Fund of the Science and Technology Bureau of Wuhan(2023020201010086 to Y.R.).
文摘Human cytomegalovirus(HCMV)is a common herpesvirus that persistently infects a large portion of the world's population.Despite the robust host immune response,HCMV is able to replicate,evade host defenses,and establish latency throughout the lifespan by developing multiple immunomodulatory strategies,making the studies on the interaction between HCMV infection and host response particularly important.HCMV has a strict host specificity that specifically infects humans.Therefore,most of the in vivo researches of HCMV rely on clinical samples.Fortunately,the establishment of humanized mouse models allows for convenient in-lab animal experiments involving HCMV infection.Single-cell RNA sequencing enables the study of the relationship between viral and host gene expressions at the single-cell level within host cells.In this study,we assessed the gene expression alterations of PBMCs at the single-cell level within HCMV-infected humanized mice,which sheds light onto the virus-host interactions in the context of HCMV infection of humanized mice and provides a valuable dataset for the related researches.
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41621001,No.31870381,and No.31970352)by the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,CAS(2018463).
文摘Barley(Hordeum vulgare L.)is one of the earliest domesticated crop species and ranked as the fourth largest cereal production worldwide.Forward genetic studies in barley have greatly advanced plant genetics during the last century;however,most genes are identified by the conventional mapping method.Array genotyping and exome-capture sequencing have also been successfully used to target the causal mutation in barley populations,but these techniques are not widely adopted because of associated costs and partly due to the huge genome size of barley.This review summarizes three mapping cases of barley cuticle mutants in our laboratory with the help of RNA-sequencing.The causal mutations have been successfully identified for two of them and the target genes are located in the pericentromeric regions.Detailed information on the mapping-by-sequencing,mapping-and-sequencing,and RNA-sequencing assisted linkage mapping are presented and some limitations and challenges on the mapping assisted by RNA sequencing are also discussed.The alternative and elegant methods presented in this review may greatly accelerate forward genetics of barley mapping,especially for laboratories without large funding.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.81970821 and 82271100 to Q.L.).
文摘The retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)is fundamental to sustaining retinal homeostasis.RPE abnormality leads to visual defects and blindness,including age-related macular degeneration(AMD).Although breakthroughs have been made in the treatment of neovascular AMD,effective intervention for atrophic AMD is largely absent.The adequate knowledge of RPE pathology is hindered by a lack of the patients'RPE datasets,especially at the single-cell resolution.In the current study,we delved into a large-scale single-cell resource of AMD donors,in which RPE cells were occupied in a substantial proportion.Bulk RNA-seq datasets of atrophic AMD were integrated to extract molecular characteristics of RPE in the pathogenesis of atrophic AMD.Both in vivo and in vitro models revealed that carboxypeptidase X,M14 family member 2(CPXM2),was specifically expressed in the RPE cells of atrophic AMD,which might be induced by oxidative stress and involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition of RPE cells.Additionally,silencing of CPXM2 inhibited the mesenchymal phenotype of RPE cells in an oxidative stress cell model.Thus,our results demonstrated that CPXM2 played a crucial role in regulating atrophic AMD and might serve as a potential therapeutic target for atrophic AMD.
文摘Background:Systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)is a complex chronic autoimmune disease with no known cure.However,the regulatory mechanism of immunity-related genes is not fully understood in SLE.In order to explore new therapeutic targets,we used bioinformatical methods to analyze a series of data.Methods:After downloading and processing the data from Gene Expression Omnibus database,the differentially expressed genes of SLE were analyzed.CIBERSORT algorithm was used to analyze the immune infiltration of SLE.Based on single-cell RNA-sequencing data,the role of immune-related genes in SLE and its target organ(kidney)were analyzed.Key transcription factors affecting immune-related genes were identified.Cell-cell communication networks in SLE were analyzed.Results:In total,15 hub genes and 4 transcription factors were found in the bulk data.Monocytes and macrophages in GSE81622(SLE)showed more infiltration.There were four cell types were annotated in scRNA sequencing dataset(GSE135779),as follows T cells,monocyte,NK cells and B cells.Immunity-related genes were overexpressed in monocytes.Conclusion:The present study shows that immune-related genes affect SLE through monocytes and play an important role in target organ renal injury.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U19A2064)the Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Program(No.2019CB1007)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,CSU(No.2282019SYLB004)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(No.2020zzts593)。
文摘Recently,the emergence of single-cell RNA-sequencing(scRNA-seq)technology makes it possible to solve biological problems at the single-cell resolution.One of the critical steps in cellular heterogeneity analysis is the cell type identification.Diverse scRNA-seq clustering methods have been proposed to partition cells into clusters.Among all the methods,hierarchical clustering and spectral clustering are the most popular approaches in the downstream clustering analysis with different preprocessing strategies such as similarity learning,dropout imputation,and dimensionality reduction.In this study,we carry out a comprehensive analysis by combining different strategies with these two categories of clustering methods on scRNA-seq datasets under different biological conditions.The analysis results show that the methods with spectral clustering tend to perform better on datasets with continuous shapes in two-dimension,while those with hierarchical clustering achieve better results on datasets with obvious boundaries between clusters in two-dimension.Motivated by this finding,a new strategy,called QRS,is developed to quantitatively evaluate the latent representative shape of a dataset to distinguish whether it has clear boundaries or not.Finally,a data-driven clustering recommendation method,called DDCR,is proposed to recommend hierarchical clustering or spectral clustering for scRNA-seq data.We perform DDCR on two typical single cell clustering methods,SC3 and RAFSIL,and the results show that DDCR recommends a more suitable downstream clustering method for different scRNA-seq datasets and obtains more robust and accurate results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82003721)Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission(Grants No.JCYJ20210324114014039 and JCYJ20210324115800001)+4 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2020M683182)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant No.2020A1515110549)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0908000)the Innovation Team and Talents Cultivation Program of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(Grant No.ZYYCXTD-C-202002)the Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen(Grant No.SZSM201612034).
文摘Background:The growing male reproductive diseases have been linked to higher exposure to certain environmental compounds such as 2,2,4,4-tetrabromodiphenyl ether(BDE47)that are widely distributed in the food chain.However,the specific underlying molecular mechanisms for BDE47-induced male reproductive toxicity are not completely understood.Methods:Here,for the first time,advanced single-cell RNA sequencing(ScRNA-seq)was employed to dissect BDE47-induced prepubertal testicular toxicity in mice from a pool of 76859 cells.Results:Our ScRNA-seq results revealed shared and heterogeneous information of differentially expressed genes,signaling pathways,transcription factors,and ligands-receptors in major testicular cell types in mice upon BDE47 treatment.Apart from disruption of hormone homeostasis,BDE47 was discovered to downregulate multiple previously unappreciated pathways such as double-strand break repair and cytokinesis pathways,indicative of their potential roles involved in BDE47-induced testicular injury.Interestingly,transcription factors analysis of ScRNA-seq results revealed that Kdm5b(lysine-specific demethylase 5B),a key transcription factor required for spermatogenesis,was downregulated in all germ cells as well as in Sertoli and telocyte cells in BDE47-treated testes of mice,suggesting its contribution to BDE47-induced impairment of spermatogenesis.Conclusions:Overall,for the first time,we established the molecular cell atlas of mice testes to define BDE47-induced prepubertal testicular toxicity using the ScRNA-seq approach,providing novel insight into our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and pathways involved in BDE47-associated testicular injury at a single-cell resolution.Our results can serve as an important resource to further dissect the potential roles of BDE47,and other relevant endocrine-disrupting chemicals,in inducing male reproductive toxicity.
文摘With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,the research team directed by Prof.Tang FuChou(汤富酬)at the Biomedical Pioneering Innovation Center(BIOPIC),College of life Sciences,Peking University,and Prof.Qiao Jie(乔杰)at Peking University Third Hospital recently dissected the gene expression profiles of the four main organs of human fetal digestive tract and the adult large intestine in vivo at single-cell resolution,which was published in Nature Cell Biology(2018,20(6):721-734).The first author of the paper is associate professor Gao Shuai(高帅)at the College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University.
基金supported by the China Scholarship Council(to YW)the Swedish Research Council,No.2018-02601(to MS)+7 种基金the Alzheimer Foundation,No.AF-980695(to MS)the Stockholm County Council,No.RS2020-0731(to MS)the Foundation of Old Servants(to MS)the Gun and Bertil Stohne Foundation(to MS)the?hlén Foundation,No.233055(to MS)The Swedish Fund for Research without Animal Experiments(to MS)the Swedish Dementia Foundation(to MS)the Brain foundation,No.FO2022-0131(to MS)。
文摘Specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators including maresin 1 mediate resolution but the levels of these are reduced in Alzheimer's disease brain, suggesting that they constitute a novel target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease to prevent/stop inflammation and combat disease pathology. Therefore, it is important to clarify whether they counteract the expression of genes and proteins induced by amyloid-β. With this objective, we analyzed the relevance of human monocyte–derived microglia for in vitro modeling of neuroinflammation and its resolution in the context of Alzheimer's disease and investigated the pro-resolving bioactivity of maresin 1 on amyloid-β42–induced Alzheimer's disease–like inflammation. Analysis of RNA-sequencing data and secreted proteins in supernatants from the monocyte-derived microglia showed that the monocyte-derived microglia resembled Alzheimer's disease–like neuroinflammation in human brain microglia after incubation with amyloid-β42. Maresin 1 restored homeostasis by down-regulating inflammatory pathway related gene expression induced by amyloid-β42 in monocyte-derived microglia, protection of maresin 1 against the effects of amyloid-β42 is mediated by a re-balancing of inflammatory transcriptional networks in which modulation of gene transcription in the nuclear factor-kappa B pathway plays a major part. We pinpointed molecular targets that are associated with both neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease and therapeutic targets by maresin 1. In conclusion, monocyte-derived microglia represent a relevant in vitro microglial model for studies on Alzheimer's disease-like inflammation and drug response for individual patients. Maresin 1 ameliorates amyloid-β42–induced changes in several genes of importance in Alzheimer's disease, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
文摘According to World Health Organization,one in six people will be older than 60 by 2030.The rising life expectancy is anticipated to contribute to a subsequent increase of geriatric fractures worldwide.Osteosarcopenia,which is the coexistence of osteoporosis and sarcopenia,greatly affects older people.Recent studies have tried to identify the prevalence of osteosarcopenia in older populations as well as its correlation with fragility fractures such as hip fractures.The latter pose a major burden on both health loss and costs worldwide.Increasing amount of evidence suggests that osteosarcopenia in patients with hip fractures contributes to higher rates of mortality and complications.At the same time,research focuses on the molecular basis of the interplay between osteoporosis and sarcopenia by utilizing genomic or proteomic approaches.These promising studies could reveal potential preventive or diagnostic biomarkers to optimize the management of osteosarcopenia in hip fractures patients.The fact that bones and muscle can also function as endocrine organs further highlights the complex relationship between osteoporosis and sarcopenia,underscoring the need for a better understanding of the role of myokines and osteokines in osteosarcopenia.Finally,the impact of osteosarcopenia on pain management and rehabilitation after hip fracture surgery,requires further assessment.
基金Supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China,No.LQ23H020004The Medical and Health Research Project of Zhejiang province,No.2024KY983Basic Medical Health Technology Project of Wenzhou Science and Technology Bureau,No.Y20210818 and No.Y20210140.
文摘BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)injury,which is associated with high morbidity and mortality,is a main cause of unexpected myocardial injury after acute myocardial infarction.However,the underlying mechanism remains unclear.Circular RNAs(circRNAs),which are formed from protein-coding genes,can sequester microRNAs or proteins,modulate transcription and interfere with splicing.Authoritative studies suggest that circRNAs may play an important role in myocardial I/R injury.AIM To explore the role and mechanism of circRNAs in myocardial I/R injury.METHODS We constructed a myocardial I/R injury model using ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery,and evaluated the success of the validated model using triphenyltetrazolium chloride and hematoxylin-eosin staining.Then,left ventricular samples from different groups were selected for mRNA-sequence,and differential gene screening was performed on the obtained results.The differentially obtained mRNAs were divided into up-regulated and down-regulated according to their expression levels,and Gene Ontology(GO)and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)functional enrichment analysis were performed,respectively.Then,the obtained circRNA and microRNA(miRNA)were paired for analysis,and the binding sites of miRNA and mRNA were virtual screened.Finally,the obtained circRNA,miRNA and mRNA were constructed by ceRNA mutual most useful network.RESULTS We used an RNA sequencing array to investigate the expression signatures of circRNAs in myocardial I/R injury using three samples from the I/R group and three samples from the sham group.A total of 142 upregulated and 121 downregulated circRNAs were found to be differentially expressed(fold change≥2,P<0.05).GO and KEGG functional analyses of these circRNAs were performed.GO analysis revealed that these circRNAs were involved mainly in cellular and intracellular processes.KEGG analysis demonstrated that 6 of the top 20 pathways were correlated with cell apoptosis.Furthermore,a circRNA-miRNA coexpression network and ceRNA network based on these genes were constructed,revealing that mmu-circ-0001452,mmu-circ-0001637,and mmu-circ-0000870 might be key regulators of myocardial I/R injury.CONCLUSION This research provides new insights into the mechanism of myocardial I/R,which mmu-circ-0001452,mmu-circ-0001637,and mmu-circ-0000870 are expected to be new therapeutic targets for myocardial I/R injury.
基金supported by the Brain Pool Program funded by the Ministry of Science and Information and Communication Technology through the National Research Foundation of Korea(Grant Nos.2022H1D3A2A01096185 and RS-2024-00410063)the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(Grant No.RS-2023-00247376)+4 种基金the Cooperative Research Program for Agriculture Science and Technology Development,Korea(Grant No.RS-2022-RD010386)US National Science Foundation Plant Genome Program(Grant No.IOS-2048410)the US National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health(Grant No.R01GM121445)US Department of Agriculture’s National Institute of Food and Agriculture(Grant No.USDA-AFRI-2023-67013-39896)the National Science Foundation(Grant No.IOS-PGRP-2348319).
文摘Herbivorous insects and pathogens cause severe damage to rice tissues,affecting yield and grain quality.Damaged cells trigger downstream defense responses through various signals.Extracellular ATP(eATP),a signaling molecule released during mechanical cell damage,is considered a constitutive damage-associated molecular pattern(DAMP),which is crucial for initiating plant defense responses.Thus,understanding how rice plants cope with DAMPs such as eATP is essential.Here,we found that exogenous ATP affected rice growth and development,cell wall composition,chloroplast development,and cell death.Subsequent global transcriptome analysis revealed that several pathways were involved in the eATP response,including genes related to cell surface receptors,cell wall organization,chlorophyll biosynthesis,heat and temperature stimulation,epigenetic regulation,and reactive oxygen species metabolism.Cell surface receptors,including members of the lectin receptor-like kinases(LecRKs),were found to participate in the eATP response.We further investigated ATP-induced genes in T-DNA activation mutants of OsLecRKs,demonstrating their involvement in eATP signaling in rice.This study confirms a DAMP-mediated transcriptional response in plants and provides novel candidates for advancing resistant rice breeding against insect herbivores and pathogens.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81471081the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,No.2023D009+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Xiamen City,No.3502Z202373104 and No.3502Z20227162Scientific Research Foundation for Advanced Talents,Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University,No.PM201809170005。
文摘BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is characterized by pancreaticβ-cell dysfunction and insulin resistance.Studies have suggested thatβ-cell dedifferentiation is one of the pathogeneses ofβ-cell dysfunction,but the detailed mechanism is still unclear.Most studies ofβ-cell dedifferentiation rely on rodent models and human pathological specimens.The development of in vitro systems can facilitate the exploration ofβ-cell dedifferentiation.AIM To investigate the molecular mechanism ofβ-cell dedifferentiation.Hence,an in vitro model ofβ-cell dedifferentiation induced by palmitic acid and high glucose was established using the INS-1832/13 cell line.METHODS The study was further analyzed using RNA-sequencing,transmission electron microscopy,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.RESULTS Results showed that the treatment of palmitic acid and high glucose significantly up-regulatedβ-cell forbidden genes and endocrine precursor cell marker genes,and down-regulated the expression ofβ-cell specific markers.Data showed that dedifferentiated INS-1 cells up-regulated the expression of endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stressrelated genes.Moreover,the results also showed that forkhead box O1(Foxo1)inhibition potentiated genetic changes inβ-cell dedifferentiation induced by palmitic acid and high glucose.CONCLUSION ER stress is sufficient to triggerβ-cell dedifferentiation and is necessary for palmitic acid and high glucose-inducedβ-cell dedifferentiation.Foxo1 inhibition can further enhance these phenomena.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272295)the Agricultural Independent Innovation Program in Jiangsu Province(CX(23)3043)the Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX23_0770).
文摘In the food industry,bacterial cells usually adhere to equipment surfaces,forming biofilms that may cause persistent contamination.This study aimed to identify the key genes responsible for the stronger biofilm-forming capability of the Listeria monocytogenes LMB33426 strain compared to that of the L.monocytogenes CICC 21662 strain through comparative genomics.Additionally,the expression of genes and related metabolic pathways of LMB 33426 and CICC 21662 strains were analyzed at the transcriptional level by high-throughput sequencing technology to uncover key differentially expressed genes between planktonic and biofilm cells of those two strains.Subsequently,the key genes found to present differences that were uncovered by those genome-wide and transcriptomic analyses were used to construct gene deletion strains.The crystalline violet assay and motility assay showed that GL002291,GL002712 and Imo1438 genes were involved in the regulation of biofilm formation as well as motility.The hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation ability assay results demonstrated an association between the clpB,lmo1438,and lmo0294 genes and bacterial adhesion.However,no significant differences were found regarding this association in the GL002291 and GL002712 genes.This study elucidates some potential regulatory genes associated with biofi lm formation in L.monocytogenes,and laying a theoretical foundation for future research.
文摘Background:We aimed to characterize the protective effects and the molecular mechanisms of action of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product(NTK)in response to a mastitis challenge.Eighteen mid-lactation multiparous Holstein cows(n=9/group)were fed the control diet(CON)or CON supplemented with 19 g/d NTK for 45 d(phase 1,P1)and then infected in the right rear quarter with 2500 CFU of Streptococcus uberis(phase 2,P2).After 36-h,mammary gland and liver biopsies were collected and antibiotic treatment started until the end of P2(9 d post challenge).Cows were then followed until day 75(phase 3,P3).Milk yield(MY)and dry matter intake(DMI)were recorded daily.Milk samples for somatic cell score were collected,and rectal and udder temperature,heart and respiration rate were recorded during the challenge period(P2)together with blood samples for metabolite and immune function analyses.Data were analyzed by phase using the PROC MIXED procedure in SAS.Biopsies were used for transcriptomic analysis via RNA-sequencing,followed by pathway analysis.Results:DMI and MY were not affected by diet in P1,but an interaction with time was recorded in P2 indicating a better recovery from the challenge in NTK compared with CON.NTK reduced rectal temperature,somatic cell score,and temperature of the infected quarter during the challenge.Transcriptome data supported these findings,as NTK supplementation upregulated mammary genes related to immune cell antibacterial function(e.g.,CATHL4,NOS2),epithelial tissue protection(e.g.IL17C),and anti-inflammatory activity(e.g.,ATF3,BAG3,IER3,G-CSF,GRO1,ZFAND2A).Pathway analysis indicated upregulation of tumor necrosis factorα,heat shock protein response,and p21 related pathways in the response to mastitis in NTK cows.Other pathways for detoxification and cytoprotection functions along with the tight junction pathway were also upregulated in NTK-fed cows.Conclusions:Overall,results highlighted molecular networks involved in the protective effect of NTK prophylactic supplementation on udder health during a subclinical mastitic event.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos. 81030018, 30872900 and 30901680)the Doctoral Fund of Ministry of Education of China (grant no. 20120001110043)
文摘Keratocystic odontogenic tumors （KCOT） are benign, locally aggressive intraosseous tumors of odontogenic origin. KCOT have a higher stromal microvessel density （MVD） than dentigerous cysts （DC） and normal oral mucosa. To identify genes in the stroma of KCOT involved in tumor development and progression, RNA sequencing （RNA-Seq） was performed using samples from KCOT and primary stromal fibroblasts isolated from gingival tissues. Seven candidate genes that possess a function potentially related to KCOT progression were selected and their expression levels were confirmed by quantitative PCR, immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of lysyl oxidase-like 4 （LOXL4）, the only candidate gene that encodes a secreted protein, was enhanced at both the mRNA and protein levels in KCOT stromal tissues and primary KCOT stromal fibroblasts compared to control tissues and primary fibroblasts （P〈0.05）. In vitro, high expression of LOXL4 could enhance proliferation and migration of the human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVECs）. There was a significant, positive correlation between LOXL4 protein expression and MVD in stroma of KCOT and control tissues （r=0.882）. These data suggest that abnormal expression of LOXL4 of KCOT may enhance angiogenesis in KCOT, which may help to promote the locally aggressive biological behavior of KCOT.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan (Grant No. 2018YFD0100901)the Guangdong Province Key Research and Development Program (Grant No. 2018B020202012)+1 种基金the Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding (Grant No. GPKLPMB201903)the Major Scientific Research Projects of General Colleges and Universities of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2017KTSCX024)
文摘A number of internal signals are required for seed germination.However,the precise signalling responses in the initial imbibition of seed germination are not yet fully understood in rice.In this study,the RNA sequencing(RNA-Seq)approach was conducted in 8 h imbibed seeds to understand the signalling responses in the initial imbibition of rice seed germination.A total of 563 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)with at least 4-fold change were identified in 8 h imbibed seeds compared to dry seeds.MapMan analysis revealed that the majority of signalling response-related DEGs were hormone-and transcription factor-related genes,in which the largest number of DEGs belong to the AP2-domain-containing regulators,and their expressions were significantly induced in the initial imbibition of seed germination in rice.Moreover,at least five AP2-domain-containing transcription factor OsDREBs were identified in the initial imbibition of rice seed germination,and the expressions of 251 DEGs were putatively regulated by OsDREBs through the dehydration-responsive element(DRE)cis-element assay.It suggested that the OsDREBs might play important roles in the regulation of initial seed imbibition in rice.The identified genes provide a valuable resource to study the signalling regulation of seed germination in the future.
