With intensifying market competition and growing financial complexity,strengthening risk control in corporate capital investment management has become imperative.This paper examines the critical role of risk managemen...With intensifying market competition and growing financial complexity,strengthening risk control in corporate capital investment management has become imperative.This paper examines the critical role of risk management in ensuring financial stability,optimizing resource allocation,and achieving strategic objectives.It identifies key risk categories including market volatility,liquidity challenges,operational risks,and strategic misalignment,while proposing targeted strategies such as dynamic monitoring,strategic planning,decision-making optimization,and focused risk management.展开更多
Real estate construction management faces technological innovation and risk-control challenges.Digital,intelligent,and green construction technologies are driving management transformation.This paper explores innovati...Real estate construction management faces technological innovation and risk-control challenges.Digital,intelligent,and green construction technologies are driving management transformation.This paper explores innovation paths like BIM,IoT,AI robots,and eco-friendly materials,analyzes risk characteristics,and proposes strategies such as a full-process risk management framework,technology verification,standardization,and data security systems.It also discusses the supporting role of government regulation,industry standards,corporate governance,and personnel training,aiming to provide theoretical and practical guidance for modernizing real estate construction management.展开更多
It is important to understand and manage rockburst challenges in deep mining operations.This paper presents a systematic study of rockburst risk in underground mining,offering a detailed examination of influencing fac...It is important to understand and manage rockburst challenges in deep mining operations.This paper presents a systematic study of rockburst risk in underground mining,offering a detailed examination of influencing factors,risk assessment,and various control and mitigation methods.The complexities of rockburst phenomena are explained by examining factors that lead to the occurrence of rockbursts.A rockburst risk assessment using a bow-tie analysis is conducted,which provides insights into both risk evaluation and proactive control and mitigation systems.The core of the paper presents a comprehensive array of rockburst risk control and mitigation methods,which range from controls to reduce rockburst hazard,and excavation vulnerability,to controls and mitigations to reduce exposure.Strategic engineering control methods,including mine design and mining sequencing,are discussed.Tactical engineering control measures,such as ground pre-conditioning and rock support,are scrutinized,along with administrative controls like evacuation and re-entry protocols and the use of mechanized equipment.A multiple-line defense system is advocated for rockburst risk management to address the uncertainties involved in the process.Finally,emerging technologies and innovations as well as challenges are discussed,providing a roadmap for continued advancements in rockburst risk management in the future.This work serves as a valuable resource for mining professionals,researchers,and policymakers seeking a comprehensive understanding of rockburst risk management in deep mining.展开更多
The Three Gorges region in China was basically a geohazard-prone area prior to construction of the Three Gorges Reservoir （TGR）. After construction of the TGR, the water level was raised from 70 m to 175 m above sea...The Three Gorges region in China was basically a geohazard-prone area prior to construction of the Three Gorges Reservoir （TGR）. After construction of the TGR, the water level was raised from 70 m to 175 m above sea level （ASL）, and annual reservoir regulation has caused a 30-m water level difference after impoundment of the TGR since September 2008. This paper first presents the spatiotemporal distribution of landslides in six periods of 175 m ASL trial impoundments from 2008 to 2014. The results show that the number of landslides sharply decreased from 273 at the initial stage to less than ten at the second stage of impoundment. Based on this, the reservoir-induced landslides in the TGR region can be roughly classified into five failure patterns, i.e. accumulation landslide, dip-slope landslide, reversed bedding landslide, rockfall, and karst breccia landslide. The accumulation landslides and dip-slope landslides account for more than 90%. Taking the Shuping accumulation landslide （a sliding mass volume of 20.7 × 106 m^3） in Zigui County and the Outang dip-slope landslide （a sliding mass volume of about 90 × 106 m^3） in Fengjie County as two typical cases, the mechanisms of reactivation of the two landslides are analyzed. The monitoring data and factor of safety （FOS） calculation show that the accumulation landslide is dominated by water level variation in the reservoir as most part of the mass body is under 175 m ASL, and the dip-slope landslide is controlled by the coupling effect of reservoir water level variation and precipitation as an extensive recharge area of rainfall from the rear and the front mass is below 175 m ASL. The characteristics of landslide-induced impulsive wave hazards after and before reservoir impoundment are studied, and the probability of occurrence of a landslide-induced impulsive wave hazard has increased in the reservoir region. Simulation results of the Ganjingzi landslide in Wushan County indicate the strong relationship between landslide-induced surge and water variation with high potential risk to shipping and residential areas. Regarding reservoir regulation in TGR when using a single index, i.e. 1-d water level variation, water resources are not well utilized, and there is also potential risk of disasters since 2008. In addition, various indices such as 1-d, 5-d, and 10-d water level variations are proposed for reservoir regulation. Finally, taking reservoir-induced landslides in June 2015 for example, the feasibility of the optimizing indices of water level variations is verified.展开更多
China is a country with a large population as well as frequent landslides. The formation and distribution of landslides in China are determined by its special topography, complex geological environment, active earthqu...China is a country with a large population as well as frequent landslides. The formation and distribution of landslides in China are determined by its special topography, complex geological environment, active earthquake environment and unusual climate features. This paper analyzes the main features and distribution of 200 catastrophic landslides that occurred in China since 1900. The relationships among the distribution of landslides and topographic conditions, geological structure, climate features and strong earthquake environment are analyzed. The features of landslide-triggering factors and critical conditions in different areas have also been considered. Based on the above-mentioned work, the authors have undertaken the studies of landslide susceptibility assessment. The study is performed according to the topographic and geological features, which are the main triggering factors that affect the landslides. The China’s mainland can be divided into 12 zones, including 4 high susceptibility zones, 7 medium susceptibility zones and 1 low susceptibility zone, according to landslide proneness. Considering the number of life loss and extent of property loss caused by landslides in those 12 zones, the risk evaluation results are listed as follows: 2 extremely high-risk zones, 5 high-risk zones, 2 medium-risk zones and 3 low-risk zones. Taking the number of life loss caused by landslides as the standard of risk level, the paper also analyzes the change in landslide risk level and main risk control measures in China since 1990s. Based on the risk level of landslides in other countries or regions, the acceptable landslide risk level in China has been proposed.展开更多
With the rapid development of the wind generation,uncertainties of random wind and load bring some inevitable impacts on the security of power system. Once the uncertainty causes line power to exceed its limit, line o...With the rapid development of the wind generation,uncertainties of random wind and load bring some inevitable impacts on the security of power system. Once the uncertainty causes line power to exceed its limit, line overload will occur. The paper presents the risk control of transmission line overload for windintegrated power systems. Firstly, a risk control model of line overload is proposed considering the uncertainties of loads,generator outputs and wind powers. The generation cost and security level of system associated with overload can be optimally controlled. Then path following interior point method is employed to carry out the optimal control. Finally the simulation is made on the modified IEEE-30 bus system. Results show that the risk of line overload is effectively reduced through the optimization of control variables.展开更多
A new approach for assessing and optimizing software project process based on software risk control presented, which evaluates and optimizes software project process from the view of controlling the software project r...A new approach for assessing and optimizing software project process based on software risk control presented, which evaluates and optimizes software project process from the view of controlling the software project risks. A model for optimizing software risk control is given, a discrete optimization algorithm based on dynamic programruing is proposed and an example of using above method to solve a problem is also included in this paper. By improving the old passive post-project control into an active effective preaction, this new method can greatly promote the possibility of success of software projects.展开更多
In this paper,we investigate a model for an insurance company with constraint on risk control.The objective of the insurer is to find a business policy and a dividend payment scheme so as to maximize the expected disc...In this paper,we investigate a model for an insurance company with constraint on risk control.The objective of the insurer is to find a business policy and a dividend payment scheme so as to maximize the expected discounted value of dividend payment,and the expected present value of an amount which the insurer earns until the time of ruin.By solving the constrained Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation,we obtain the explicit expression for value function and the corresponding optimal strategies.展开更多
A comprehensive dataset from 594 fracturing wells throughout the Duvernay Formation near Fox Creek, Alberta, is collected to quantify the influences of geological, geomechanical, and operational features on the distri...A comprehensive dataset from 594 fracturing wells throughout the Duvernay Formation near Fox Creek, Alberta, is collected to quantify the influences of geological, geomechanical, and operational features on the distribution and magnitude of hydraulic fracturing-induced seismicity. An integrated machine learning-based investigation is conducted to systematically evaluate multiple factors that contribute to induced seismicity. Feature importance indicates that a distance to fault, a distance to basement, minimum principal stress, cumulative fluid injection, initial formation pressure, and the number of fracturing stages are among significant model predictors. Our seismicity prediction map matches the observed spatial seismicity, and the prediction model successfully guides the fracturing job size of a new well to reduce seismicity risks. This study can apply to mitigating potential seismicity risks in other seismicity-frequent regions.展开更多
Foundation pit excavation engineering is an old subject full of decision making. Yet, it still deserves further research due to the associated high failure cost and the complexity of the geological conditions and/or t...Foundation pit excavation engineering is an old subject full of decision making. Yet, it still deserves further research due to the associated high failure cost and the complexity of the geological conditions and/or the surrounding existing infrastructure around it. This article overviews the risk control practice of foundation pit excavation projects in close proximity to <span style="font-family:Verdana;">existing</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> disconnected piled raft. More focus is given to geotechnical aspects. The review begins with achievements to ensure excavation performance </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">requirements,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and follows to discuss the complex </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">soil structure</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> interaction involved among the fundamental components</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the retaining wall, mat, piles, cushion, and the soil. After bringing consensus points to practicing engineers and </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">decision makers</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, it then suggests possible future research directions.</span></span></span></span>展开更多
The development of computer information technology makes the information of the audited unit more and more high. The introduction of accounting computerization information system makes the processing of enterprise eco...The development of computer information technology makes the information of the audited unit more and more high. The introduction of accounting computerization information system makes the processing of enterprise economic business more convenient and efficient. Here came the computer controlled environment audit new risks, of course, the computer technology applied to the audit work to improve the audit efficiency by a lot, but also increased the complex information technology environment audit risk. Starting from the concept of computer audit risk, this paper analyzes and discusses the new risks and causes of audit under the computer condition, and puts forward some constructive risk control measures.展开更多
Social health insurance is an important part of the social security system. It is the ＂stabilizer＂ of social and economic development and the ＂buffer＂ of reform. It is of great significance and function to the con...Social health insurance is an important part of the social security system. It is the ＂stabilizer＂ of social and economic development and the ＂buffer＂ of reform. It is of great significance and function to the construction of economic development, social progrcss and harmonious society. However, due to many factors, the operation of the social health insurance fund is facing greater risk. Although the balance is rich, but the general talk about the ＂balance＂, inevitably fall into the ＂too optimistic, ignore the risk＂ of the errors, the current basic medical insurance system, compared with working employees, retirement elderly people do not pay, personal accounts into more, The overall proportion of individual funds to pay lower policy concessions. Although there is a large amount of surplus in the annual health insurance fund, a large part of the balance is due to the relatively young age structure of the insured population and the low consumption of health insurance funds. With the increasing level of the aging of the insured population, the ratio of on-the-job and the backward is gradually reduced, the effect of these preferential policies will continue to enlarge, making the total fund expenditure increased significantly. Therefore, it is an important task to reform the basic medical insurance system in China to strengthen the research on risk control in the medical insurance fund of urban workers, to prevent and control the risks faced by the fund and to ensure the safety of the fund.展开更多
Objective: to explore the practical application of risk control in the nursing management of the infection department. Methods: in this study, 130 patients treated in the infection department of our hospital from earl...Objective: to explore the practical application of risk control in the nursing management of the infection department. Methods: in this study, 130 patients treated in the infection department of our hospital from early 2020 to December 2020 were selected, and the selected patients were randomly divided into two groups, one is the reference group, with 65 patients in each group. For routine care of patients in the reference group, and patient risk control management in the study group, the effectiveness of the two care models was compared. Results: the incidence of disputes and accidents in the reference group was (15.38%) (16.92%), the incidence of disputes and accidents was (4.62%) and (3.08%) respectively, including the dispute event X2 of 4.188, P value of 0.041, contingency (2 of 6.923, P value of 0.009, and the two groups were significantly different, (P <0.05).The nursing scores of the reference and study groups were (6.34 ± 2.32) and (9.85 ± 1.96), with a t-value of 9.318 and a p-value of 0, with a significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05).The environmental scores of the reference and study groups were (6.14 ± 1.73) and (9.68 ± 2.96), with t-value of 8.324, p-value of 0, and significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05).In addition, the reference group had 19 patients after routine care, 25 patients, 67.7%, 30 patients after routine care, 33 care, 96.9%, X2,19.07, P value 0, significant difference between the two groups, (P <0.05). Conclusion: the application of risk control management in nursing management is recommended.展开更多
The construction contract can control the implementation of the whole project. The effective conclusion and management of construction contracts will directly affect the interests of both parties to the contract, and ...The construction contract can control the implementation of the whole project. The effective conclusion and management of construction contracts will directly affect the interests of both parties to the contract, and even affect the timely completion of the project. Therefore, railway construction contract management is not only an important part of enterprise management, but also the core of railway project implementation management. Specifically, the objectives of railway project management include two aspects: Firstly, the cost, duration and quality objectives of the project and the need for a corresponding contractual basis for control. Secondly, the results of contract formation, execution and management are directly related to the efficiency and social reputation of the enterprise. Therefore, strengthening contract management and internal risk control requires effective risk management models and countermeasures, which are crucial to avoid or reduce corporate risks, improve project quality and reasonably reduce transportation costs.展开更多
This study explores the risk control and response strategies of state-owned enterprises in the context of big data.Global economic uncertainty poses new challenges to state-owned enterprises,necessitating innovative r...This study explores the risk control and response strategies of state-owned enterprises in the context of big data.Global economic uncertainty poses new challenges to state-owned enterprises,necessitating innovative risk management approaches.This article proposes response strategies from four key aspects:establishing a proactive risk management culture,building a foundation in technology and data,conducting big data-driven risk analysis,and implementing predictive analysis and real-time monitoring.State-owned enterprises can foster a proactive risk management culture by cultivating employee risk awareness,demonstrating leadership,and establishing transparency and open communication.Additionally,data integration and analysis,leveraging the latest technology,are crucial factors that can help companies better identify risks and opportunities.展开更多
In the process of urbanization, gas pipeline project is a very important construction content, which is closely related to residents daily life. In order to ensure the stability and safety of gas supply, it is necessa...In the process of urbanization, gas pipeline project is a very important construction content, which is closely related to residents daily life. In order to ensure the stability and safety of gas supply, it is necessary to master the potential safety hazards in urban gas pipelines, and do a good job in monitoring and maintenance. In the process of pipeline construction, it is necessary to ensure the construction quality and discover the potential safety hazards in gas pipelines in time. In the actual management process, if risk control is not done well, problems such as burning and explosion may occur, which will not only affect the normal use of gas pipelines, but also endanger the lives and property of residents. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the potential safety hazards in urban gas pipelines, and take corresponding risk control measures. This paper makes a related exposition and analysis.展开更多
The proportion of cross-border e-commerce business has gradually increased after the international trade experienced the impact of the virus in the past two years;Chinas foreign exchange reform, import and export ente...The proportion of cross-border e-commerce business has gradually increased after the international trade experienced the impact of the virus in the past two years;Chinas foreign exchange reform, import and export enterprises to facilitate trade in goods to a greater extent. At the same time, the internal and external supervision of domestic commercial banks is becoming stricter. This paper analyzes the international settlement risks faced by Chinas commercial banks in international settlement under this background and the countermeasures that should be taken.展开更多
Deep foundation pit excavation is a basic and key step involved in modern building construction.In order to ensure the construction quality and safety of deep foundation pits,this paper takes a project as an example t...Deep foundation pit excavation is a basic and key step involved in modern building construction.In order to ensure the construction quality and safety of deep foundation pits,this paper takes a project as an example to analyze deep foundation pit excavation technology,including the nature of this construction project,the main technical measures in the construction of deep foundation pit,and the analysis of the safety risk prevention and control measures.The purpose of this analysis is to provide scientific reference for the construction quality and safety of deep foundation pits.展开更多
This paper describes the environmental health problem of exposure to diesel particulate matter(DPM) in an underground mine in Western Australia.It contains recommendations for innovative equipment and management impro...This paper describes the environmental health problem of exposure to diesel particulate matter(DPM) in an underground mine in Western Australia.It contains recommendations for innovative equipment and management improvements in risk control for employees who work in underground mines and for companies who use machines that are powered by diesel fuel.展开更多
In recent years,the deepening of reform has provided larger development space for small agricultural enterprises. Besides,with flexible operation mechanism and sensitive market perception,small agricultural enterprise...In recent years,the deepening of reform has provided larger development space for small agricultural enterprises. Besides,with flexible operation mechanism and sensitive market perception,small agricultural enterprises have also enriched the reform achievements,improved the market structure and promoted economic development. Therefore,attaching great importance to small agricultural enterprises and supporting their healthy development have become the key tasks of each country. However,at the current stage,small agricultural enterprises in China are facing tremendous survival pressure. Because their capital is limited,the capital turnover is difficult. In this situation,financing has become an important means for small agricultural enterprises to revitalize the capital chain,expand the scale,and ensure normal operation.Compared with large and medium sized enterprises,small agricultural enterprises are small in size,imperfect in operation system,and weak in the ability of coping with market risks. Thus,commercial banks take on more risks when lending to small agricultural enterprises. To cater to state policies,commercial banks have to lend to small agricultural enterprises. In this process,it is particularly important for commercial banks to control risks. Taking some commercial banks in Xiangyang City of Hubei Province as an example,this paper analyzed the loan contracts provided by commercial banks for small agricultural enterprises and the investigation of financial status and credit status of loans before and after lending. It is found that commercial banks seldom check the financial statements when checking the operation status of small agricultural enterprises. They just check electricity fees,water fees,and wages,which are real-time and provided by the authority to accurately grasp the operation conditions. It has also been found that commercial banks will ensure that enterprises can possess the capital flow to reduce loan risks through requiring enterprises to set up fund withdraw accounts,and taking accounts receivable of enterprises as pledges.展开更多
文摘With intensifying market competition and growing financial complexity,strengthening risk control in corporate capital investment management has become imperative.This paper examines the critical role of risk management in ensuring financial stability,optimizing resource allocation,and achieving strategic objectives.It identifies key risk categories including market volatility,liquidity challenges,operational risks,and strategic misalignment,while proposing targeted strategies such as dynamic monitoring,strategic planning,decision-making optimization,and focused risk management.
文摘Real estate construction management faces technological innovation and risk-control challenges.Digital,intelligent,and green construction technologies are driving management transformation.This paper explores innovation paths like BIM,IoT,AI robots,and eco-friendly materials,analyzes risk characteristics,and proposes strategies such as a full-process risk management framework,technology verification,standardization,and data security systems.It also discusses the supporting role of government regulation,industry standards,corporate governance,and personnel training,aiming to provide theoretical and practical guidance for modernizing real estate construction management.
文摘It is important to understand and manage rockburst challenges in deep mining operations.This paper presents a systematic study of rockburst risk in underground mining,offering a detailed examination of influencing factors,risk assessment,and various control and mitigation methods.The complexities of rockburst phenomena are explained by examining factors that lead to the occurrence of rockbursts.A rockburst risk assessment using a bow-tie analysis is conducted,which provides insights into both risk evaluation and proactive control and mitigation systems.The core of the paper presents a comprehensive array of rockburst risk control and mitigation methods,which range from controls to reduce rockburst hazard,and excavation vulnerability,to controls and mitigations to reduce exposure.Strategic engineering control methods,including mine design and mining sequencing,are discussed.Tactical engineering control measures,such as ground pre-conditioning and rock support,are scrutinized,along with administrative controls like evacuation and re-entry protocols and the use of mechanized equipment.A multiple-line defense system is advocated for rockburst risk management to address the uncertainties involved in the process.Finally,emerging technologies and innovations as well as challenges are discussed,providing a roadmap for continued advancements in rockburst risk management in the future.This work serves as a valuable resource for mining professionals,researchers,and policymakers seeking a comprehensive understanding of rockburst risk management in deep mining.
基金The"Twelfth Five-Year Plan"of the National Science and Technology Support Project(Grant No.2012BAK10B01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41372321 and 41502305)China Geological Survey Projects(Grant No.121201009000150018)
文摘The Three Gorges region in China was basically a geohazard-prone area prior to construction of the Three Gorges Reservoir （TGR）. After construction of the TGR, the water level was raised from 70 m to 175 m above sea level （ASL）, and annual reservoir regulation has caused a 30-m water level difference after impoundment of the TGR since September 2008. This paper first presents the spatiotemporal distribution of landslides in six periods of 175 m ASL trial impoundments from 2008 to 2014. The results show that the number of landslides sharply decreased from 273 at the initial stage to less than ten at the second stage of impoundment. Based on this, the reservoir-induced landslides in the TGR region can be roughly classified into five failure patterns, i.e. accumulation landslide, dip-slope landslide, reversed bedding landslide, rockfall, and karst breccia landslide. The accumulation landslides and dip-slope landslides account for more than 90%. Taking the Shuping accumulation landslide （a sliding mass volume of 20.7 × 106 m^3） in Zigui County and the Outang dip-slope landslide （a sliding mass volume of about 90 × 106 m^3） in Fengjie County as two typical cases, the mechanisms of reactivation of the two landslides are analyzed. The monitoring data and factor of safety （FOS） calculation show that the accumulation landslide is dominated by water level variation in the reservoir as most part of the mass body is under 175 m ASL, and the dip-slope landslide is controlled by the coupling effect of reservoir water level variation and precipitation as an extensive recharge area of rainfall from the rear and the front mass is below 175 m ASL. The characteristics of landslide-induced impulsive wave hazards after and before reservoir impoundment are studied, and the probability of occurrence of a landslide-induced impulsive wave hazard has increased in the reservoir region. Simulation results of the Ganjingzi landslide in Wushan County indicate the strong relationship between landslide-induced surge and water variation with high potential risk to shipping and residential areas. Regarding reservoir regulation in TGR when using a single index, i.e. 1-d water level variation, water resources are not well utilized, and there is also potential risk of disasters since 2008. In addition, various indices such as 1-d, 5-d, and 10-d water level variations are proposed for reservoir regulation. Finally, taking reservoir-induced landslides in June 2015 for example, the feasibility of the optimizing indices of water level variations is verified.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program ‘‘973’’ Project of China (2008CB425801)the Team Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenviroment Protection
文摘China is a country with a large population as well as frequent landslides. The formation and distribution of landslides in China are determined by its special topography, complex geological environment, active earthquake environment and unusual climate features. This paper analyzes the main features and distribution of 200 catastrophic landslides that occurred in China since 1900. The relationships among the distribution of landslides and topographic conditions, geological structure, climate features and strong earthquake environment are analyzed. The features of landslide-triggering factors and critical conditions in different areas have also been considered. Based on the above-mentioned work, the authors have undertaken the studies of landslide susceptibility assessment. The study is performed according to the topographic and geological features, which are the main triggering factors that affect the landslides. The China’s mainland can be divided into 12 zones, including 4 high susceptibility zones, 7 medium susceptibility zones and 1 low susceptibility zone, according to landslide proneness. Considering the number of life loss and extent of property loss caused by landslides in those 12 zones, the risk evaluation results are listed as follows: 2 extremely high-risk zones, 5 high-risk zones, 2 medium-risk zones and 3 low-risk zones. Taking the number of life loss caused by landslides as the standard of risk level, the paper also analyzes the change in landslide risk level and main risk control measures in China since 1990s. Based on the risk level of landslides in other countries or regions, the acceptable landslide risk level in China has been proposed.
基金National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.51007052,71201097)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,China(No.14ZR1415300)
文摘With the rapid development of the wind generation,uncertainties of random wind and load bring some inevitable impacts on the security of power system. Once the uncertainty causes line power to exceed its limit, line overload will occur. The paper presents the risk control of transmission line overload for windintegrated power systems. Firstly, a risk control model of line overload is proposed considering the uncertainties of loads,generator outputs and wind powers. The generation cost and security level of system associated with overload can be optimally controlled. Then path following interior point method is employed to carry out the optimal control. Finally the simulation is made on the modified IEEE-30 bus system. Results show that the risk of line overload is effectively reduced through the optimization of control variables.
基金Supported bythe Plan of New Technology Projectsin China National Packaging Corporation2005 (05ZBJA011)the Na-tional Natural Science Foundation of China (60373062) National Sci-ence Foundation of Hunan Province(04JJ3052)
文摘A new approach for assessing and optimizing software project process based on software risk control presented, which evaluates and optimizes software project process from the view of controlling the software project risks. A model for optimizing software risk control is given, a discrete optimization algorithm based on dynamic programruing is proposed and an example of using above method to solve a problem is also included in this paper. By improving the old passive post-project control into an active effective preaction, this new method can greatly promote the possibility of success of software projects.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10671149)
文摘In this paper,we investigate a model for an insurance company with constraint on risk control.The objective of the insurer is to find a business policy and a dividend payment scheme so as to maximize the expected discounted value of dividend payment,and the expected present value of an amount which the insurer earns until the time of ruin.By solving the constrained Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation,we obtain the explicit expression for value function and the corresponding optimal strategies.
基金This research has been made possible by contributions from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council(NSERC)/Energi Simulation Industrial Research Chair in Reservoir Simulation and the Alberta Innovates(iCore)Chair in Reservoir ModelingThis research was supported by the Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum,Beijing(No.2462023BJRC001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China Joint Fund Key Support Project(No.U19B6003).
文摘A comprehensive dataset from 594 fracturing wells throughout the Duvernay Formation near Fox Creek, Alberta, is collected to quantify the influences of geological, geomechanical, and operational features on the distribution and magnitude of hydraulic fracturing-induced seismicity. An integrated machine learning-based investigation is conducted to systematically evaluate multiple factors that contribute to induced seismicity. Feature importance indicates that a distance to fault, a distance to basement, minimum principal stress, cumulative fluid injection, initial formation pressure, and the number of fracturing stages are among significant model predictors. Our seismicity prediction map matches the observed spatial seismicity, and the prediction model successfully guides the fracturing job size of a new well to reduce seismicity risks. This study can apply to mitigating potential seismicity risks in other seismicity-frequent regions.
文摘Foundation pit excavation engineering is an old subject full of decision making. Yet, it still deserves further research due to the associated high failure cost and the complexity of the geological conditions and/or the surrounding existing infrastructure around it. This article overviews the risk control practice of foundation pit excavation projects in close proximity to <span style="font-family:Verdana;">existing</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> disconnected piled raft. More focus is given to geotechnical aspects. The review begins with achievements to ensure excavation performance </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">requirements,</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and follows to discuss the complex </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">soil structure</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> interaction involved among the fundamental components</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">: </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the retaining wall, mat, piles, cushion, and the soil. After bringing consensus points to practicing engineers and </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">decision makers</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, it then suggests possible future research directions.</span></span></span></span>
文摘The development of computer information technology makes the information of the audited unit more and more high. The introduction of accounting computerization information system makes the processing of enterprise economic business more convenient and efficient. Here came the computer controlled environment audit new risks, of course, the computer technology applied to the audit work to improve the audit efficiency by a lot, but also increased the complex information technology environment audit risk. Starting from the concept of computer audit risk, this paper analyzes and discusses the new risks and causes of audit under the computer condition, and puts forward some constructive risk control measures.
文摘Social health insurance is an important part of the social security system. It is the ＂stabilizer＂ of social and economic development and the ＂buffer＂ of reform. It is of great significance and function to the construction of economic development, social progrcss and harmonious society. However, due to many factors, the operation of the social health insurance fund is facing greater risk. Although the balance is rich, but the general talk about the ＂balance＂, inevitably fall into the ＂too optimistic, ignore the risk＂ of the errors, the current basic medical insurance system, compared with working employees, retirement elderly people do not pay, personal accounts into more, The overall proportion of individual funds to pay lower policy concessions. Although there is a large amount of surplus in the annual health insurance fund, a large part of the balance is due to the relatively young age structure of the insured population and the low consumption of health insurance funds. With the increasing level of the aging of the insured population, the ratio of on-the-job and the backward is gradually reduced, the effect of these preferential policies will continue to enlarge, making the total fund expenditure increased significantly. Therefore, it is an important task to reform the basic medical insurance system in China to strengthen the research on risk control in the medical insurance fund of urban workers, to prevent and control the risks faced by the fund and to ensure the safety of the fund.
文摘Objective: to explore the practical application of risk control in the nursing management of the infection department. Methods: in this study, 130 patients treated in the infection department of our hospital from early 2020 to December 2020 were selected, and the selected patients were randomly divided into two groups, one is the reference group, with 65 patients in each group. For routine care of patients in the reference group, and patient risk control management in the study group, the effectiveness of the two care models was compared. Results: the incidence of disputes and accidents in the reference group was (15.38%) (16.92%), the incidence of disputes and accidents was (4.62%) and (3.08%) respectively, including the dispute event X2 of 4.188, P value of 0.041, contingency (2 of 6.923, P value of 0.009, and the two groups were significantly different, (P <0.05).The nursing scores of the reference and study groups were (6.34 ± 2.32) and (9.85 ± 1.96), with a t-value of 9.318 and a p-value of 0, with a significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05).The environmental scores of the reference and study groups were (6.14 ± 1.73) and (9.68 ± 2.96), with t-value of 8.324, p-value of 0, and significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05).In addition, the reference group had 19 patients after routine care, 25 patients, 67.7%, 30 patients after routine care, 33 care, 96.9%, X2,19.07, P value 0, significant difference between the two groups, (P <0.05). Conclusion: the application of risk control management in nursing management is recommended.
文摘The construction contract can control the implementation of the whole project. The effective conclusion and management of construction contracts will directly affect the interests of both parties to the contract, and even affect the timely completion of the project. Therefore, railway construction contract management is not only an important part of enterprise management, but also the core of railway project implementation management. Specifically, the objectives of railway project management include two aspects: Firstly, the cost, duration and quality objectives of the project and the need for a corresponding contractual basis for control. Secondly, the results of contract formation, execution and management are directly related to the efficiency and social reputation of the enterprise. Therefore, strengthening contract management and internal risk control requires effective risk management models and countermeasures, which are crucial to avoid or reduce corporate risks, improve project quality and reasonably reduce transportation costs.
文摘This study explores the risk control and response strategies of state-owned enterprises in the context of big data.Global economic uncertainty poses new challenges to state-owned enterprises,necessitating innovative risk management approaches.This article proposes response strategies from four key aspects:establishing a proactive risk management culture,building a foundation in technology and data,conducting big data-driven risk analysis,and implementing predictive analysis and real-time monitoring.State-owned enterprises can foster a proactive risk management culture by cultivating employee risk awareness,demonstrating leadership,and establishing transparency and open communication.Additionally,data integration and analysis,leveraging the latest technology,are crucial factors that can help companies better identify risks and opportunities.
文摘In the process of urbanization, gas pipeline project is a very important construction content, which is closely related to residents daily life. In order to ensure the stability and safety of gas supply, it is necessary to master the potential safety hazards in urban gas pipelines, and do a good job in monitoring and maintenance. In the process of pipeline construction, it is necessary to ensure the construction quality and discover the potential safety hazards in gas pipelines in time. In the actual management process, if risk control is not done well, problems such as burning and explosion may occur, which will not only affect the normal use of gas pipelines, but also endanger the lives and property of residents. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the potential safety hazards in urban gas pipelines, and take corresponding risk control measures. This paper makes a related exposition and analysis.
文摘The proportion of cross-border e-commerce business has gradually increased after the international trade experienced the impact of the virus in the past two years;Chinas foreign exchange reform, import and export enterprises to facilitate trade in goods to a greater extent. At the same time, the internal and external supervision of domestic commercial banks is becoming stricter. This paper analyzes the international settlement risks faced by Chinas commercial banks in international settlement under this background and the countermeasures that should be taken.
文摘Deep foundation pit excavation is a basic and key step involved in modern building construction.In order to ensure the construction quality and safety of deep foundation pits,this paper takes a project as an example to analyze deep foundation pit excavation technology,including the nature of this construction project,the main technical measures in the construction of deep foundation pit,and the analysis of the safety risk prevention and control measures.The purpose of this analysis is to provide scientific reference for the construction quality and safety of deep foundation pits.
文摘This paper describes the environmental health problem of exposure to diesel particulate matter(DPM) in an underground mine in Western Australia.It contains recommendations for innovative equipment and management improvements in risk control for employees who work in underground mines and for companies who use machines that are powered by diesel fuel.
文摘In recent years,the deepening of reform has provided larger development space for small agricultural enterprises. Besides,with flexible operation mechanism and sensitive market perception,small agricultural enterprises have also enriched the reform achievements,improved the market structure and promoted economic development. Therefore,attaching great importance to small agricultural enterprises and supporting their healthy development have become the key tasks of each country. However,at the current stage,small agricultural enterprises in China are facing tremendous survival pressure. Because their capital is limited,the capital turnover is difficult. In this situation,financing has become an important means for small agricultural enterprises to revitalize the capital chain,expand the scale,and ensure normal operation.Compared with large and medium sized enterprises,small agricultural enterprises are small in size,imperfect in operation system,and weak in the ability of coping with market risks. Thus,commercial banks take on more risks when lending to small agricultural enterprises. To cater to state policies,commercial banks have to lend to small agricultural enterprises. In this process,it is particularly important for commercial banks to control risks. Taking some commercial banks in Xiangyang City of Hubei Province as an example,this paper analyzed the loan contracts provided by commercial banks for small agricultural enterprises and the investigation of financial status and credit status of loans before and after lending. It is found that commercial banks seldom check the financial statements when checking the operation status of small agricultural enterprises. They just check electricity fees,water fees,and wages,which are real-time and provided by the authority to accurately grasp the operation conditions. It has also been found that commercial banks will ensure that enterprises can possess the capital flow to reduce loan risks through requiring enterprises to set up fund withdraw accounts,and taking accounts receivable of enterprises as pledges.
