A new power divider, composed of a novel composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line (TL) unit, is proposed. The properties of the power divider based on four CRLH TL unit cells are investigated theoretically...A new power divider, composed of a novel composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line (TL) unit, is proposed. The properties of the power divider based on four CRLH TL unit cells are investigated theoretically. By adjusting the parameters of the capacitors and the inductors, the power divider shows perfectly symmetric power division at 5.13 GHz, return loss up to ?24 dB, with the transmitted power being close to ?3.1 dB. The phenomena are demonstrated by simulation results. Being compact in size and low-cost, the proposed power divider is very suitable for microwave and millimeter wave integrated circuits.展开更多
A new approach was introduced to analyze composite right/left-handed transmission lines （CRLH TLs）. The Bloch impedance and the dispersion relations are directly obtained from the S parameters of the unit cells. The...A new approach was introduced to analyze composite right/left-handed transmission lines （CRLH TLs）. The Bloch impedance and the dispersion relations are directly obtained from the S parameters of the unit cells. The LH and RH frequency bands are then identified by the real parts of the Bloch impedance and the phase delay of the unit cells. The new approach has some advantages over the LC parameters extraction method introduced by Caloz et a1.（2004）. Based on the new approach, a novel resonator is designed using CRLH TLs. The simulation and experimental results accorded well with the theoretical analysis. The novel resonator may have potential applications in filters with high harmonic suppression and compact structures,展开更多
A tunable dual-broad-band branch-line coupler (BLC) utilizing composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission lines is presented. Two λ/4 segments consisting of CRLH transmission lines are added to each port to broad...A tunable dual-broad-band branch-line coupler (BLC) utilizing composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission lines is presented. Two λ/4 segments consisting of CRLH transmission lines are added to each port to broaden the dual bands of the branch-line coupler. Numerical simulation and optimal design of the novel coupler are presented. The dual bands of the novel coupler are tunable and broad. The 1-dB bandwidth of each pass band is more than 16% of the central frequency.展开更多
In this paper a metamaterial-inspired antenna with high gain and good directivity is designed. Based on the concept of composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL), the proposed antenna is realized based on...In this paper a metamaterial-inspired antenna with high gain and good directivity is designed. Based on the concept of composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL), the proposed antenna is realized based on three leakage wave unit cell and a left handed circular ring slot incorporated on the surface. The maximum achievable gain at the resonant frequency of 5.6GHz is 6.933 dBi, and the return loss at 5.6 GHz can be –20 db. This proposed design has a simple structure and a compact dimension of 35 mm*40 mm*1 mm, which is suitable for particular wireless communication application such as WiFi and WLAN.展开更多
In this paper, a new miniaturized wide-pass-band filter at U band based on composite right/left- handed transmission line (CRLH TL) is implemented. The CRLH TL contributed to a broadband filter is a balanced structure...In this paper, a new miniaturized wide-pass-band filter at U band based on composite right/left- handed transmission line (CRLH TL) is implemented. The CRLH TL contributed to a broadband filter is a balanced structure with a small size of only 1.428 mm*0.5530 mm. The frequency characteristics are simulated and the results show that the 3 dB band width of the proposed filter is about 13.5 GHz from 45.8 GHz to 59.3 GHz. The insertion loss is quite flat through the pass-band and the return loss is relatively low.展开更多
中成药临床应用实践指南在国家药物目录遴选、医疗机构处方集制定、中成药临床合理用药等方面提供重要的参考依据,是中医药指南的重要组成部分。中成药作为中国药品供应保障体系的重要组成部分,在许多疾病门类中均发挥着重要的治疗、预...中成药临床应用实践指南在国家药物目录遴选、医疗机构处方集制定、中成药临床合理用药等方面提供重要的参考依据,是中医药指南的重要组成部分。中成药作为中国药品供应保障体系的重要组成部分,在许多疾病门类中均发挥着重要的治疗、预防及保健作用,但也存在乱用甚至滥用现象。为了规范中成药的合理应用,浙江中医药大学研究团队基于国际实践指南报告标准(RIGHT)清单框架,研制了中成药临床应用实践指南的报告规范(RIGHT for CPM)。RIGHT for CPM清单汇集了已发布的中成药指南、现有的中医药报告清单、RIGHT清单及其扩展版中的关键信息,形成初始报告清单条目池,邀请不同学科的17位专家进行2轮德尔菲问卷调研后形成,最后由来自国内外中医药研究、报告指南领域的18位权威专家审查并批准发布。RIGHT for CPM清单较RIGHT清单新增16个亚条目和修订了RIGHT清单的2个亚条目,更加突出中成药指南的报告特点,考虑到了中成药遴选及入选标准、政策准入、适应证候和症状、联合用药说明、特殊人群用药、使用注意事项、西医医师用药建议等方面,可进一步提升中成药指南报告质量和透明度,促进中成药指南的规范化报告和中成药的临床合理应用。该文就RIGHT for CPM清单的研制过程、重点突出中成药指南特色的条目内容进行解读,以期促进RIGHT for CPM清单的推广应用。展开更多
专家共识作为临床实践指南的重要补充,在证据不足或存在争议时支持临床决策。与临床实践指南相比,专家共识的呈现更具有多样性。目前,尚无针对临床和公共卫生决策的专家共识报告规范(reporting guideline)。RIGHT(Reporting Items for P...专家共识作为临床实践指南的重要补充,在证据不足或存在争议时支持临床决策。与临床实践指南相比,专家共识的呈现更具有多样性。目前,尚无针对临床和公共卫生决策的专家共识报告规范(reporting guideline)。RIGHT(Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare)清单是目前国际最常用的指南报告规范,常用于专家共识的写作参考。然而,RIGHT清单不包括共识形成方法的部分;而ACCORD(ACcurate COnsensus Reporting Document)清单虽然包含共识形成方法的报告要求,但不包含推荐意见的报告规范。因此,本文综合RIGHT和ACCORD两个报告清单,提出综合记忆框架(TIMER-DO),帮助作者综合两部国际通用的报告规范,完成专家共识的规范化报告。展开更多
Based on the ABCD matrix formalism,the propagation property of an Airy beam from right-handed material（RHM） to left-handed material（LHM） is investigated.The result shows that when the Airy beam propagates in the L...Based on the ABCD matrix formalism,the propagation property of an Airy beam from right-handed material（RHM） to left-handed material（LHM） is investigated.The result shows that when the Airy beam propagates in the LHM,the intensity self-bending due to its propagation in the RHM can be compensated.In particular,if the propagation distance in the RHM is equal to that in the LHM and the refractive index of the LHM is n L =-1,the transverse intensity distribution of the Airy beam can return to its original state.展开更多
BACKGROUND Transplant teams often hesitate to use the right kidney(RK)in living donor(LD)transplants due to the complexities of anastomosing the short,thin-walled right renal veins,which can potentially lead to graft ...BACKGROUND Transplant teams often hesitate to use the right kidney(RK)in living donor(LD)transplants due to the complexities of anastomosing the short,thin-walled right renal veins,which can potentially lead to graft loss or graft dysfunction.Nevertheless,circumstances may arise where selecting the RK over the left kidney(LK)is unavoidable.Consequently,it is crucial to thoroughly examine the implications of such a choice on the overall transplant outcome.AIM To compare transplant outcomes between recipients of RK and LK while examining the factors that influence these outcomes.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from adult patients who received LD kidney transplants involving meticulous patient selection and surgical techniques at our center from January 2020 to December 2023.We included all kidney donors who were over 18,fit to donate,and had undergone diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid split function and/or computed tomography based volumetry.The variables examined comprised donor and recipient demographics,and outcome measures included technical graft loss(TGL),delayed or slow graft function(SGF),and post-transplant serum creatinine(SC)trends.We used a logistic regression model to assess the likelihood of adverse outcomes considering the donor kidney side.RESULTS Of the 250 transplants performed during the period,56(22%)were RKs.The recipient demographics and transplant factors were comparable for the right and LKs,except that the donor warm and cold ischemia time were shorter for RKs.TGL and SGF each occurred in 2%(n=1)of RKs and 0.5%(n=1)of LKs,the difference being insignificant.These complications,however,were not related to the venous anastomosis.One RK(2%)developed delayed graft function after 48 hours,which was attributable to postoperative hypoxia rather than the surgical technique.The post-transplant SC trend and mean SC at the last follow-up were similar across both kidney sides.CONCLUSION The donor kidney side has little impact on post-transplant adverse events and graft function in LD transplants,provided that careful patient selection and precise surgical techniques are employed.展开更多
By applying the ABCD matrix method, we report the propagating properties of the rotating elliptical Gaussian beams（REGBs） from the right-handed material（RHM） to the left-handed material（LHM）. Based on the propag...By applying the ABCD matrix method, we report the propagating properties of the rotating elliptical Gaussian beams（REGBs） from the right-handed material（RHM） to the left-handed material（LHM）. Based on the propagation equation, we obtain the intensity distributions of the REGBs during the propagation. It is found that the rotating direction of the REGBs is opposite in the RHM and the LHM, and the rotation angles tend to be π /2 as the propagation distance is long enough.Then we analyze the relationship between the refractive index and the rotating velocity. Furthermore, the energy flow and the angular momentum（AM） of the REGBs which can rotate are also obtained.展开更多
At the 2024 China-Europe Seminar on Human Rights,over 60 experts and scholars from 16 countries gathered to discuss“Safeguarding Emerging Rights:Perspectives from China and Europe.”The seminar highlighted that the g...At the 2024 China-Europe Seminar on Human Rights,over 60 experts and scholars from 16 countries gathered to discuss“Safeguarding Emerging Rights:Perspectives from China and Europe.”The seminar highlighted that the global new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation,along with changes in production methods and social structures,as well as the rising awareness of human rights,have led to the emergence of many new rights.At the same time,these developments have also given traditional human rights new digital forms.The constant emergence of new rights concepts poses challenges to the traditional human rights theoretical framework and has sparked numerous debates within the international community regarding human rights theory and practice.On issues like economic equality and social rights,particularly emerging rights topics such as climate and human rights and digital human rights,countries should focus on balancing the relationship between individuals,society,and nature and seek a path for the sustainable existence and development of humanity.The core principle for protecting emerging rights should be“humanity first,”and true multilateralism should be embraced to prevent imbalances in the global governance of emerging rights.Open and fair cooperation should help build consensus and provide solutions for the global protection of emerging rights.展开更多
The incorporation of human rights clauses into the constitution has propelled the innovation of fundamental rights hermeneutics in terms of the subjects of the legal relationships of fundamental rights,the nature of f...The incorporation of human rights clauses into the constitution has propelled the innovation of fundamental rights hermeneutics in terms of the subjects of the legal relationships of fundamental rights,the nature of fundamental rights,the forms of state obligations,the scope of fundamental rights,among other aspects.Regarding the subjects of the legal relationships of fundamental rights,human rights clauses have expanded the subjects of fundamental rights from citizens to natural persons.They have also narrowed down the duty-bearing subjects directed by fundamental rights in clauses that do not define duty-bearing subjects from all entities to state public power.Additionally,in fundamental rights clauses that stipulate private entities as duty-bearing subjects,the duty-bearing subjects have been narrowed down from all private entities to social public power entities.In terms of the nature of fundamental rights,human rights clauses have endowed each specific basic right with dual characteristics of the right to respect and the right to protection.Regarding the forms of state obligations,human rights clauses have established the state obligations corresponding to each specific basic right as obligations to respect and to protect.In terms of the scope of fundamental rights,human rights clauses do not have the function of independently justifying unenumerated fundamental rights,but they can assist other clauses in justifying unenumerated fundamental rights,thereby expanding the scope of fundamental rights to a limited extent.展开更多
As a public policy,the Human Rights Action Plan of China provides a clear roadmap for achieving the phased goals of human rights education development.The evolution of human rights education policies over the four edi...As a public policy,the Human Rights Action Plan of China provides a clear roadmap for achieving the phased goals of human rights education development.The evolution of human rights education policies over the four editions demonstrates a clear and distinct logic of progression:human rights education in primary and secondary schools has shifted from fostering students’awareness of human rights to establishing human rights values;human rights education in higher education has transitioned from the construction of single human rights course to the systematic development of human rights disciplines;human rights knowledge training has evolved from disseminating basic human rights knowledge among legal and political workers to cultivating a human rights mindset among public officials;and the popularization of human rights knowledge has moved from enhancing communication effectiveness to strengthening cultural confidence in human rights.These shifts reflect the characteristics of the policy evolution of human rights education,which are unified in their gradual and continuous nature,responsiveness and forward-looking nature,and value-oriented and contemporary nature.Fundamentally,the gap between the current state of human rights education development and policy goals serves as the intrinsic driving force for the evolution of human rights education policies.While the external factors influencing the evolution of policy content mainly include the human rights cause’s contemporary context,historical achievements,and current needs.Looking ahead to the future development of human rights education,it is essential to continuously innovate human rights teaching methods,enrich the content of human rights education,improve relevant institutional guarantee mechanisms,strengthen the construction of multi-stakeholder collaborative human rights education teams,compile and publish high-quality human rights textbooks,and increase the intensity of human rights knowledge training for journalists,in order to create a favorable public opinion atmosphere and cultural environment for the development of China’s human rights cause in the new era.展开更多
The Chinese perspective is an open and evolving theoretical system.From a spatiotemporal viewpoint,it can be theoretically distilled into such four dimensions as the world dimension,the historical dimension,the practi...The Chinese perspective is an open and evolving theoretical system.From a spatiotemporal viewpoint,it can be theoretically distilled into such four dimensions as the world dimension,the historical dimension,the practical dimension,and the theoretical dimension,which collectively form a“unified framework of four”of logical construction.The“world”dimension represents the synchronic extension of human rights practices,outwardly touching on the shared values of all humanity guided by relational rationality and the vision of a community with a shared future for humanity.The“historical”dimension reflects the diachronic extension of China’s path of human rights development,encompassing the cultural subjectivity of Chinese civilization and the complex context of modern human rights endeavors.The“practical”dimension serves as the“meta-perspective”of contemporary Chinese perspective on human rights,where the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the people-centered approach constitute the fundamental stance for developing the perspectives of human rights and human rights governance.The“theoretical”dimension focuses on the deconstruction and reconstruction of indigenous human rights notions,emphasizing a set of values that are confident,inclusive,equitable,shared,and forward-looking.The“world”dimension of“taking the world as a method”,provides a reference perspective for“taking China as a method”narrative centered on the“historical-practical-theoretical”framework,while the latter injects a human rights methodology grounded in Chinese wisdom into the former.By integrating these four dimensions,a more profound and comprehensive understanding of the value core and normative paradigm of contemporary Chinese perspective on human rights can be achieved.展开更多
Protecting human rights is a noble ideal enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.For an extended period,the United States has positioned itself as a"defender"of this cause,politicizing,weaponi...Protecting human rights is a noble ideal enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.For an extended period,the United States has positioned itself as a"defender"of this cause,politicizing,weaponizing,and instrumentalizing human rights issues to criticize and discredit other countries.展开更多
Li Dazhao dedicated his whole life to advocating for legal rights,and his human rights theory and practice unfolded in the context of the International Labour Organization and the League of Nations from 1919 to 1920.H...Li Dazhao dedicated his whole life to advocating for legal rights,and his human rights theory and practice unfolded in the context of the International Labour Organization and the League of Nations from 1919 to 1920.His human rights activities encompassed both theoretical exploration and practical participation.In his early political commentary,Li Dazhao extensively discussed civil and political rights.Such terms as constitutionalism,democracy,freedom,separation of powers,political parties,speech,equality,elections,and political participation frequently appeared in his writings and were incorporated into his constitutional studies.After embracing Marxism,he paid greater attention to women’s political participation,labor movements,labor-capital relations,and labor legislation,actively supporting their rights movements.National self-determination was also a significant component of his human rights theory and practice.He focused on national issues,explored comparative studies of Chinese and Western cultures,and advocated for the right to national self-determination.展开更多
Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect of Huoxue Tongmai capsule combined with edaravone right camphor on patients with acute cerebral infarction (Acute Cerebral Infarction) and the effect of combination therapy...Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect of Huoxue Tongmai capsule combined with edaravone right camphor on patients with acute cerebral infarction (Acute Cerebral Infarction) and the effect of combination therapy on serum inflammatory factors. Methods: In this study, 90 patients with acute cerebral infarction hospitalized in Zhuji People’s Hospital from December 2023 to December 2024 were selected and divided into two groups of 45 patients in each group. The control group used standard medical treatment, and the treatment group compared the changes of serum inflammatory factors IL-CRP, TNF-α, and Hcy with Huoxue Tongmai capsule for 7 days, 14 days and 30 days, and discussed the changes of the modified Rankin scale score (mRS) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score. Results: At 7 days, 14 days, and 30 days of treatment, the NIHSS score, mRS score, hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, and Hcy levels were statistically significant (P α, and Hcy levels in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P Conclusion: Patients with acute cerebral infarction received Huoxue Tongmai capsule combined with edaravone right camphor, which can reduce the inflammatory reaction, improve the nerve function and improve the prognosis.展开更多
The understanding of the scope of protection for the right to health should not be limited to fragmented descriptions in departmental laws,such as those focusing on rights,interests,or legal benefits.Instead,it should...The understanding of the scope of protection for the right to health should not be limited to fragmented descriptions in departmental laws,such as those focusing on rights,interests,or legal benefits.Instead,it should be analyzed holistically within the constitutional framework of fundamental rights.From the perspective of defense right function,the right to health addresses physiological harm that progresses through stages of“risk-danger-infringement,”psychological harm that targets inner distress,and minor harm arising from challenges in social adaptation,to clarify the negative defensive obligations of the state to prevent health-related harm.From the perspectives of the beneficiary right function and the objective value order function,the right to health requires a minimum level of constitutional protection and delineating the positive obligations of the state to ensure it through the fulfillment of basic obligations in healthcare and health promotion.展开更多
The United Nations(UN)has always been a proactive promoter of mainstreaming human rights,while the Charter of the United Nations is the cornerstone and starting point for this endeavor.The mainstreaming of human right...The United Nations(UN)has always been a proactive promoter of mainstreaming human rights,while the Charter of the United Nations is the cornerstone and starting point for this endeavor.The mainstreaming of human rights is a principle and direction of UN reform,as the UN has promoted it through human rights institutions reform and institutional building.Reviewing the UN’s many years of practice in promoting the mainstreaming of human rights,it is evident that its various departments and agencies have formed a united front already,which is specifically manifested in the following ways:The UN Secretary-General puts forward reform plans to promote the mainstreaming of human rights and issues relevant initiatives and calls to action;the mechanism of mainstreaming of human rights provides institutional and financial support;the UN Development Group(later renamed the UN Sustainable Development Group)is the main platform for the UN to promote the mainstreaming of human rights;the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Human Rights Council are the main implementing bodies for the UN to promote the mainstreaming of human rights;and other UN agencies actively respond to and implement the requirements of the mainstreaming of human rights in their respective areas of work.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 60577023 and 60378037), the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2004CB719802), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, and Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Information Technology Science Foundation (No. 2005-20), China
文摘A new power divider, composed of a novel composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission line (TL) unit, is proposed. The properties of the power divider based on four CRLH TL unit cells are investigated theoretically. By adjusting the parameters of the capacitors and the inductors, the power divider shows perfectly symmetric power division at 5.13 GHz, return loss up to ?24 dB, with the transmitted power being close to ?3.1 dB. The phenomena are demonstrated by simulation results. Being compact in size and low-cost, the proposed power divider is very suitable for microwave and millimeter wave integrated circuits.
基金Project supported by the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2004CB719800) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 60271027 and 60501018)
文摘A new approach was introduced to analyze composite right/left-handed transmission lines （CRLH TLs）. The Bloch impedance and the dispersion relations are directly obtained from the S parameters of the unit cells. The LH and RH frequency bands are then identified by the real parts of the Bloch impedance and the phase delay of the unit cells. The new approach has some advantages over the LC parameters extraction method introduced by Caloz et a1.（2004）. Based on the new approach, a novel resonator is designed using CRLH TLs. The simulation and experimental results accorded well with the theoretical analysis. The novel resonator may have potential applications in filters with high harmonic suppression and compact structures,
基金Project (No. 2004CB719802) supported by the National Basic Re-search Program (973) of China
文摘A tunable dual-broad-band branch-line coupler (BLC) utilizing composite right/left-handed (CRLH) transmission lines is presented. Two λ/4 segments consisting of CRLH transmission lines are added to each port to broaden the dual bands of the branch-line coupler. Numerical simulation and optimal design of the novel coupler are presented. The dual bands of the novel coupler are tunable and broad. The 1-dB bandwidth of each pass band is more than 16% of the central frequency.
文摘In this paper a metamaterial-inspired antenna with high gain and good directivity is designed. Based on the concept of composite right/left-handed transmission line (CRLH-TL), the proposed antenna is realized based on three leakage wave unit cell and a left handed circular ring slot incorporated on the surface. The maximum achievable gain at the resonant frequency of 5.6GHz is 6.933 dBi, and the return loss at 5.6 GHz can be –20 db. This proposed design has a simple structure and a compact dimension of 35 mm*40 mm*1 mm, which is suitable for particular wireless communication application such as WiFi and WLAN.
文摘In this paper, a new miniaturized wide-pass-band filter at U band based on composite right/left- handed transmission line (CRLH TL) is implemented. The CRLH TL contributed to a broadband filter is a balanced structure with a small size of only 1.428 mm*0.5530 mm. The frequency characteristics are simulated and the results show that the 3 dB band width of the proposed filter is about 13.5 GHz from 45.8 GHz to 59.3 GHz. The insertion loss is quite flat through the pass-band and the return loss is relatively low.
文摘中成药临床应用实践指南在国家药物目录遴选、医疗机构处方集制定、中成药临床合理用药等方面提供重要的参考依据,是中医药指南的重要组成部分。中成药作为中国药品供应保障体系的重要组成部分,在许多疾病门类中均发挥着重要的治疗、预防及保健作用,但也存在乱用甚至滥用现象。为了规范中成药的合理应用,浙江中医药大学研究团队基于国际实践指南报告标准(RIGHT)清单框架,研制了中成药临床应用实践指南的报告规范(RIGHT for CPM)。RIGHT for CPM清单汇集了已发布的中成药指南、现有的中医药报告清单、RIGHT清单及其扩展版中的关键信息,形成初始报告清单条目池,邀请不同学科的17位专家进行2轮德尔菲问卷调研后形成,最后由来自国内外中医药研究、报告指南领域的18位权威专家审查并批准发布。RIGHT for CPM清单较RIGHT清单新增16个亚条目和修订了RIGHT清单的2个亚条目,更加突出中成药指南的报告特点,考虑到了中成药遴选及入选标准、政策准入、适应证候和症状、联合用药说明、特殊人群用药、使用注意事项、西医医师用药建议等方面,可进一步提升中成药指南报告质量和透明度,促进中成药指南的规范化报告和中成药的临床合理应用。该文就RIGHT for CPM清单的研制过程、重点突出中成药指南特色的条目内容进行解读,以期促进RIGHT for CPM清单的推广应用。
文摘专家共识作为临床实践指南的重要补充,在证据不足或存在争议时支持临床决策。与临床实践指南相比,专家共识的呈现更具有多样性。目前,尚无针对临床和公共卫生决策的专家共识报告规范(reporting guideline)。RIGHT(Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare)清单是目前国际最常用的指南报告规范,常用于专家共识的写作参考。然而,RIGHT清单不包括共识形成方法的部分;而ACCORD(ACcurate COnsensus Reporting Document)清单虽然包含共识形成方法的报告要求,但不包含推荐意见的报告规范。因此,本文综合RIGHT和ACCORD两个报告清单,提出综合记忆框架(TIMER-DO),帮助作者综合两部国际通用的报告规范,完成专家共识的规范化报告。
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60977068,61178015 and 11102100)the Youth Foundation of Sanming University,China (Grant No. B201008/Q)
文摘Based on the ABCD matrix formalism,the propagation property of an Airy beam from right-handed material（RHM） to left-handed material（LHM） is investigated.The result shows that when the Airy beam propagates in the LHM,the intensity self-bending due to its propagation in the RHM can be compensated.In particular,if the propagation distance in the RHM is equal to that in the LHM and the refractive index of the LHM is n L =-1,the transverse intensity distribution of the Airy beam can return to its original state.
文摘BACKGROUND Transplant teams often hesitate to use the right kidney(RK)in living donor(LD)transplants due to the complexities of anastomosing the short,thin-walled right renal veins,which can potentially lead to graft loss or graft dysfunction.Nevertheless,circumstances may arise where selecting the RK over the left kidney(LK)is unavoidable.Consequently,it is crucial to thoroughly examine the implications of such a choice on the overall transplant outcome.AIM To compare transplant outcomes between recipients of RK and LK while examining the factors that influence these outcomes.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed data from adult patients who received LD kidney transplants involving meticulous patient selection and surgical techniques at our center from January 2020 to December 2023.We included all kidney donors who were over 18,fit to donate,and had undergone diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid split function and/or computed tomography based volumetry.The variables examined comprised donor and recipient demographics,and outcome measures included technical graft loss(TGL),delayed or slow graft function(SGF),and post-transplant serum creatinine(SC)trends.We used a logistic regression model to assess the likelihood of adverse outcomes considering the donor kidney side.RESULTS Of the 250 transplants performed during the period,56(22%)were RKs.The recipient demographics and transplant factors were comparable for the right and LKs,except that the donor warm and cold ischemia time were shorter for RKs.TGL and SGF each occurred in 2%(n=1)of RKs and 0.5%(n=1)of LKs,the difference being insignificant.These complications,however,were not related to the venous anastomosis.One RK(2%)developed delayed graft function after 48 hours,which was attributable to postoperative hypoxia rather than the surgical technique.The post-transplant SC trend and mean SC at the last follow-up were similar across both kidney sides.CONCLUSION The donor kidney side has little impact on post-transplant adverse events and graft function in LD transplants,provided that careful patient selection and precise surgical techniques are employed.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11374108 and 10904041)the Foundation for the Author of Guangdong Provincial Excellent Doctoral Dissertation(Grant No.SYBZZXM201227)+4 种基金the Foundation of Cultivating Outstanding Young Scholars("ThousandHundredTen"Program)of Guangdong Province in Chinathe Fund from the CAS Key Laboratory of Geospace EnvironmentUniversity of Science and Technology of China
文摘By applying the ABCD matrix method, we report the propagating properties of the rotating elliptical Gaussian beams（REGBs） from the right-handed material（RHM） to the left-handed material（LHM）. Based on the propagation equation, we obtain the intensity distributions of the REGBs during the propagation. It is found that the rotating direction of the REGBs is opposite in the RHM and the LHM, and the rotation angles tend to be π /2 as the propagation distance is long enough.Then we analyze the relationship between the refractive index and the rotating velocity. Furthermore, the energy flow and the angular momentum（AM） of the REGBs which can rotate are also obtained.
基金This paper is a phased achievement of the Major Philosophy and Social Sciences Project of the Ministry of Education,titled“Research on General Secretary Xi Jinping’s Important Discourse on Respecting and Protecting Human Rights”(Project Number 22JZD002).
文摘At the 2024 China-Europe Seminar on Human Rights,over 60 experts and scholars from 16 countries gathered to discuss“Safeguarding Emerging Rights:Perspectives from China and Europe.”The seminar highlighted that the global new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation,along with changes in production methods and social structures,as well as the rising awareness of human rights,have led to the emergence of many new rights.At the same time,these developments have also given traditional human rights new digital forms.The constant emergence of new rights concepts poses challenges to the traditional human rights theoretical framework and has sparked numerous debates within the international community regarding human rights theory and practice.On issues like economic equality and social rights,particularly emerging rights topics such as climate and human rights and digital human rights,countries should focus on balancing the relationship between individuals,society,and nature and seek a path for the sustainable existence and development of humanity.The core principle for protecting emerging rights should be“humanity first,”and true multilateralism should be embraced to prevent imbalances in the global governance of emerging rights.Open and fair cooperation should help build consensus and provide solutions for the global protection of emerging rights.
基金the Ministry of Education’s Major Special Project for Philosophical and Social Science Research,“A Study on the Conceptual System of China’s Independent Legal Knowledge System”(Project Number 2023JZDZ014)the Ministry of Education’s Humanities and Social Science Research Planning Fund Project,“A Study on the Improvement of the Villager Self-Governance System in the Context of Land Circulation”(Project Number 19YJA820027).
文摘The incorporation of human rights clauses into the constitution has propelled the innovation of fundamental rights hermeneutics in terms of the subjects of the legal relationships of fundamental rights,the nature of fundamental rights,the forms of state obligations,the scope of fundamental rights,among other aspects.Regarding the subjects of the legal relationships of fundamental rights,human rights clauses have expanded the subjects of fundamental rights from citizens to natural persons.They have also narrowed down the duty-bearing subjects directed by fundamental rights in clauses that do not define duty-bearing subjects from all entities to state public power.Additionally,in fundamental rights clauses that stipulate private entities as duty-bearing subjects,the duty-bearing subjects have been narrowed down from all private entities to social public power entities.In terms of the nature of fundamental rights,human rights clauses have endowed each specific basic right with dual characteristics of the right to respect and the right to protection.Regarding the forms of state obligations,human rights clauses have established the state obligations corresponding to each specific basic right as obligations to respect and to protect.In terms of the scope of fundamental rights,human rights clauses do not have the function of independently justifying unenumerated fundamental rights,but they can assist other clauses in justifying unenumerated fundamental rights,thereby expanding the scope of fundamental rights to a limited extent.
基金the National Social Science Fund Major Project“Research on the Background of the Formation,Logical Structure,and Value Orientation of the Chinese Human Rights Knowledge System”(Project Approval Number 24&ZD129)the National Social Science Fund Major Project“Research on General Secretary Xi Jinping’s Important Discourses on Respecting and Protecting Human Rights”(Project Approval Number 22&ZD004).
文摘As a public policy,the Human Rights Action Plan of China provides a clear roadmap for achieving the phased goals of human rights education development.The evolution of human rights education policies over the four editions demonstrates a clear and distinct logic of progression:human rights education in primary and secondary schools has shifted from fostering students’awareness of human rights to establishing human rights values;human rights education in higher education has transitioned from the construction of single human rights course to the systematic development of human rights disciplines;human rights knowledge training has evolved from disseminating basic human rights knowledge among legal and political workers to cultivating a human rights mindset among public officials;and the popularization of human rights knowledge has moved from enhancing communication effectiveness to strengthening cultural confidence in human rights.These shifts reflect the characteristics of the policy evolution of human rights education,which are unified in their gradual and continuous nature,responsiveness and forward-looking nature,and value-oriented and contemporary nature.Fundamentally,the gap between the current state of human rights education development and policy goals serves as the intrinsic driving force for the evolution of human rights education policies.While the external factors influencing the evolution of policy content mainly include the human rights cause’s contemporary context,historical achievements,and current needs.Looking ahead to the future development of human rights education,it is essential to continuously innovate human rights teaching methods,enrich the content of human rights education,improve relevant institutional guarantee mechanisms,strengthen the construction of multi-stakeholder collaborative human rights education teams,compile and publish high-quality human rights textbooks,and increase the intensity of human rights knowledge training for journalists,in order to create a favorable public opinion atmosphere and cultural environment for the development of China’s human rights cause in the new era.
基金This paper is a phased achievement of the Major Project of the Key Research Base for Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education in 2024,titled“Theoretical Legal Studies in the Field of Human Rights”(Project Approval Number 24JJD820002).
文摘The Chinese perspective is an open and evolving theoretical system.From a spatiotemporal viewpoint,it can be theoretically distilled into such four dimensions as the world dimension,the historical dimension,the practical dimension,and the theoretical dimension,which collectively form a“unified framework of four”of logical construction.The“world”dimension represents the synchronic extension of human rights practices,outwardly touching on the shared values of all humanity guided by relational rationality and the vision of a community with a shared future for humanity.The“historical”dimension reflects the diachronic extension of China’s path of human rights development,encompassing the cultural subjectivity of Chinese civilization and the complex context of modern human rights endeavors.The“practical”dimension serves as the“meta-perspective”of contemporary Chinese perspective on human rights,where the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the people-centered approach constitute the fundamental stance for developing the perspectives of human rights and human rights governance.The“theoretical”dimension focuses on the deconstruction and reconstruction of indigenous human rights notions,emphasizing a set of values that are confident,inclusive,equitable,shared,and forward-looking.The“world”dimension of“taking the world as a method”,provides a reference perspective for“taking China as a method”narrative centered on the“historical-practical-theoretical”framework,while the latter injects a human rights methodology grounded in Chinese wisdom into the former.By integrating these four dimensions,a more profound and comprehensive understanding of the value core and normative paradigm of contemporary Chinese perspective on human rights can be achieved.
文摘Protecting human rights is a noble ideal enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.For an extended period,the United States has positioned itself as a"defender"of this cause,politicizing,weaponizing,and instrumentalizing human rights issues to criticize and discredit other countries.
基金a research result of the“Research on Li Dazhao’s Legal Thoughts,”a general project of the Li Dazhao Research Association of China in 2022(Project Number 2022YBXM01).
文摘Li Dazhao dedicated his whole life to advocating for legal rights,and his human rights theory and practice unfolded in the context of the International Labour Organization and the League of Nations from 1919 to 1920.His human rights activities encompassed both theoretical exploration and practical participation.In his early political commentary,Li Dazhao extensively discussed civil and political rights.Such terms as constitutionalism,democracy,freedom,separation of powers,political parties,speech,equality,elections,and political participation frequently appeared in his writings and were incorporated into his constitutional studies.After embracing Marxism,he paid greater attention to women’s political participation,labor movements,labor-capital relations,and labor legislation,actively supporting their rights movements.National self-determination was also a significant component of his human rights theory and practice.He focused on national issues,explored comparative studies of Chinese and Western cultures,and advocated for the right to national self-determination.
文摘Objective: To explore the therapeutic effect of Huoxue Tongmai capsule combined with edaravone right camphor on patients with acute cerebral infarction (Acute Cerebral Infarction) and the effect of combination therapy on serum inflammatory factors. Methods: In this study, 90 patients with acute cerebral infarction hospitalized in Zhuji People’s Hospital from December 2023 to December 2024 were selected and divided into two groups of 45 patients in each group. The control group used standard medical treatment, and the treatment group compared the changes of serum inflammatory factors IL-CRP, TNF-α, and Hcy with Huoxue Tongmai capsule for 7 days, 14 days and 30 days, and discussed the changes of the modified Rankin scale score (mRS) and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score. Results: At 7 days, 14 days, and 30 days of treatment, the NIHSS score, mRS score, hs-CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, and Hcy levels were statistically significant (P α, and Hcy levels in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P Conclusion: Patients with acute cerebral infarction received Huoxue Tongmai capsule combined with edaravone right camphor, which can reduce the inflammatory reaction, improve the nerve function and improve the prognosis.
文摘The understanding of the scope of protection for the right to health should not be limited to fragmented descriptions in departmental laws,such as those focusing on rights,interests,or legal benefits.Instead,it should be analyzed holistically within the constitutional framework of fundamental rights.From the perspective of defense right function,the right to health addresses physiological harm that progresses through stages of“risk-danger-infringement,”psychological harm that targets inner distress,and minor harm arising from challenges in social adaptation,to clarify the negative defensive obligations of the state to prevent health-related harm.From the perspectives of the beneficiary right function and the objective value order function,the right to health requires a minimum level of constitutional protection and delineating the positive obligations of the state to ensure it through the fulfillment of basic obligations in healthcare and health promotion.
文摘The United Nations(UN)has always been a proactive promoter of mainstreaming human rights,while the Charter of the United Nations is the cornerstone and starting point for this endeavor.The mainstreaming of human rights is a principle and direction of UN reform,as the UN has promoted it through human rights institutions reform and institutional building.Reviewing the UN’s many years of practice in promoting the mainstreaming of human rights,it is evident that its various departments and agencies have formed a united front already,which is specifically manifested in the following ways:The UN Secretary-General puts forward reform plans to promote the mainstreaming of human rights and issues relevant initiatives and calls to action;the mechanism of mainstreaming of human rights provides institutional and financial support;the UN Development Group(later renamed the UN Sustainable Development Group)is the main platform for the UN to promote the mainstreaming of human rights;the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights and the Human Rights Council are the main implementing bodies for the UN to promote the mainstreaming of human rights;and other UN agencies actively respond to and implement the requirements of the mainstreaming of human rights in their respective areas of work.
