A recombinant inbred line population derived from a super hybrid rice Xieyou 9308（Xieqingzao B/Zhonghui 9308） and its genetic linkage map were used to detect quantitative trait loci（QTLs） for rice yield traits und...A recombinant inbred line population derived from a super hybrid rice Xieyou 9308（Xieqingzao B/Zhonghui 9308） and its genetic linkage map were used to detect quantitative trait loci（QTLs） for rice yield traits under the low and normal nitrogen（N） levels. A total of 52 QTLs for yield traits distributed in 27 regions on 9 chromosomes were detected, with each QTL explaining 4.93%–26.73% of the phenotypic variation. Eleven QTLs were simultaneously detected under the two levels, and 30 different QTLs were detected under the two N levels, thereby suggesting that the genetic bases controlling rice growth under the low and normal N levels were different. QTLs for number of panicles per plant, number of spikelets per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, and grain density per panicle under the two N levels were detected in the RM135–RM168 interval on chromosome 3. QTLs for number of spikelets per panicle and number of filled grains per panicle under the two N levels, as well as number of panicles per plant and grain density per panicle, under the low N level, were detected in the RM5556–RM310 interval on chromosome 8. The above described QTLs shared similar regions with previously reported QTLs for rice N recycling.展开更多
Photosynthesis is one of the most important factors that influence the biomass and yield. Recently, more attention has been paid to genetic study on rice photosynthesis and rice breeding for the physiological traits r...Photosynthesis is one of the most important factors that influence the biomass and yield. Recently, more attention has been paid to genetic study on rice photosynthesis and rice breeding for the physiological traits related to high efficient photosynthesis. Chlorophyll content, stomatal resistance, and transpiration rate were very important physiological traits related to photosynthesis. But until now, no genetic study on these traits has been reported. A DH population derived from anther culture of ZYQ8/JX17, a typical indica/japonica hybrid was developed,展开更多
Understanding the variation for the expressionof genes in different environments is one of themajor goals in qualitative genetics. In this pa-per, the genetic models for quantitative traitsof endosperm in cereal crops...Understanding the variation for the expressionof genes in different environments is one of themajor goals in qualitative genetics. In this pa-per, the genetic models for quantitative traitsof endosperm in cereal crops were used to eval-uate the seed, cytoplasm and maternal geneticeffects as well as the genotype × environment(GE) interaction effects, and to predict thebreeding value of parents and genotypic corre-lation for nutrient quality traits of indica rice (Oryza sativa L.).展开更多
Iron toxicity,a physiological disorder of rice,is widelyspread in tropical and subtropical areas and causes severerice yield reduction.Although there has been a consider-able amount of research on flee growth,nutrient...Iron toxicity,a physiological disorder of rice,is widelyspread in tropical and subtropical areas and causes severerice yield reduction.Although there has been a consider-able amount of research on flee growth,nutrient uptaking,展开更多
The vascular bundle in plants plays an important role intransportation of photosynthetic products, mineral nutri-ents, water, arid so on. Significant positive correlationswere found between grain yield, panicle traits...The vascular bundle in plants plays an important role intransportation of photosynthetic products, mineral nutri-ents, water, arid so on. Significant positive correlationswere found between grain yield, panicle traits and the No.of peduncle vascular bundles. So, it is very important tostudy the inheritance of peduncle vascular bundle, whichis a quantitative trait.展开更多
Since seed and maternal plant are in different generations,the grain milling traits and plant agronomic traits of rice are based on differentgenetic models.Using the genetic modelswhich could estimate covariance compo...Since seed and maternal plant are in different generations,the grain milling traits and plant agronomic traits of rice are based on differentgenetic models.Using the genetic modelswhich could estimate covariance componentsbetween two traits with unequal design matri-ces,we analyzed the gentic relationships be-展开更多
Indica and japonica rices are two subspecies ofAsia cultivated rice.Their grain qualities exista significant difference.The objective of thispaper is to study the genetic control of qualitytraits in intersubspecies cr...Indica and japonica rices are two subspecies ofAsia cultivated rice.Their grain qualities exista significant difference.The objective of thispaper is to study the genetic control of qualitytraits in intersubspecies crosses of rice.In 1991,4 japonica varieties with widecompatibility,PC311,Zhenxiqiuguang,Lun-hui 422,and Ce 03 were crossed with 5 indicavarieties,3037,Zaoxiandang 18,IR36,Minghui 63,and Yangdao 4 according to NC(?)design.The 20 hybrids using japonica as ma-展开更多
Genetic analysis of rolled leaf is important to rice ideotype breeding. To detect loci controlling rolled leaf of japonica restorer lines, SSR marker genotypes and phenotypes of flag leaf rolling index （LRI） were in...Genetic analysis of rolled leaf is important to rice ideotype breeding. To detect loci controlling rolled leaf of japonica restorer lines, SSR marker genotypes and phenotypes of flag leaf rolling index （LRI） were investigated in Xiushui 79 （P1, a japonica rice variety）, C Bao （P2, a japonica restorer line） and 254 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross between P1 and P2 , and in two environments. A genetic map of this cross was constructed, QTLs for LRI were detected and their interactions with environments were analyzed. Among 818 pairs of SSR primers, 90 primers showed polymorphism between P1 and P2, and 12 markers showed highly significant correlation with LRI in both environments based on single marker regression analysis. The genetic map containing 74 information loci has a total distance of 744.6 cM, with an average of 10.1 cM between two adjacent loci. Three QTLs （qRL-1, qRL-7 and qRL-8-1） were detected with two softwares： WinQTLCart 2.5 and QTLNetwork2.0. qRL-8-1 was a new locus, accounting for 15.5% and 12.8% of phenotypic variations in the two environments, respectively. The phenotypic variation explained by additive effect was 6.6%. No interaction was found between qRL-8-1 genotype and environments.展开更多
Rice panicle traits serve as critical indicators of both yield potential and germplasm resource quality.However,traditional manual measurements of these traits,which typically involve threshing,are not only laborious ...Rice panicle traits serve as critical indicators of both yield potential and germplasm resource quality.However,traditional manual measurements of these traits,which typically involve threshing,are not only laborious and time-consuming but also prone to introducing measurement errors.This study introduces a high-throughput and nondestructive method,termed extraction of panicle traits(EOPT),along with the software Panicle Analyzer,which is designed to assess unshaped intact rice panicle traits,including the panicle grain number,grain length,grain width,and panicle length.To address the challenge of grain occlusion within an intact panicle,we define a panicle morphology index to quantify the occlusion levels among the rice grains within the panicle.By calibrating the grain number obtained directly from rice panicle images based on the panicle morphology index,we substantially improve the grain number detection accuracy.For measuring grain length and width,the EOPT selects rice grains using an intersection over union threshold of 0.8 and a confidence threshold of 0.7 during the grain detection process.The mean values of these grains were calculated to represent all the panicle grain lengths and widths.In addition,EOPT extracted the main path of the skeleton of the rice panicle using the Astar algorithm to determine panicle lengths.Validation on a dataset of 1,554 panicle images demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method,achieving 93.57%accuracy in panicle grain counting with a mean absolute percentage error of 6.62%.High accuracy rates were also recorded for grain length(96.83%)and panicle length(9713%).Moreover,the utility of EOPT was confirmed across different years and scenes,both indoors and outdoors.A genome-wide association study was conducted,leveraging the phenotypic traits obtained via EOPT and genotypic data.This study identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with grain length,width,number per panicle,and panicle length,further emphasizing the utility and potential of this method in advancing rice breeding.展开更多
The size of the top three leaves of rice plants is strongly associated with yield; thus, it is important to consider quantitative traits representing leaf size （e.g., length and width） when breeding novel rice varie...The size of the top three leaves of rice plants is strongly associated with yield; thus, it is important to consider quantitative traits representing leaf size （e.g., length and width） when breeding novel rice varieties. It is challenging to measure such traits on a large scale in the field, and little is known about the genetic factors that determine the size of the top three leaves. In the present study, a population of recombinant inbred lines （RILs） and reciprocal single chromosomal segment substitution lines （SSSLs） derived from the progeny of a japonica Asominori x indica IR24 cross were grown under four diverse environmental conditions. Six morphological traits associated with leaf size were measured,namely length and width of the flag, second and third leaves. In the RIL population, 49 QTLs were identified that clustered in 30 genomic region. Twenty-three of these QTLs were confirmed in the SSSL population. A comparison with previously reported genes/QTLs revealed eight novel genomic regions that contained uncharacterized ORFs associated with leaf size. The QTLs identified in this study can be used for marker- assisted breeding and for fine mapping of novel genetic elements controlling leaf size in rice.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31200916)the Zhejiang Provincial Project for Rice Seed Industry of Scientific and Technological Innovation Team (Grant No. 2010R50024-16)the Academy of Institute Foundation for Basic Scientific Research of China (Grant No. 2012RG002-7)
文摘A recombinant inbred line population derived from a super hybrid rice Xieyou 9308（Xieqingzao B/Zhonghui 9308） and its genetic linkage map were used to detect quantitative trait loci（QTLs） for rice yield traits under the low and normal nitrogen（N） levels. A total of 52 QTLs for yield traits distributed in 27 regions on 9 chromosomes were detected, with each QTL explaining 4.93%–26.73% of the phenotypic variation. Eleven QTLs were simultaneously detected under the two levels, and 30 different QTLs were detected under the two N levels, thereby suggesting that the genetic bases controlling rice growth under the low and normal N levels were different. QTLs for number of panicles per plant, number of spikelets per panicle, number of filled grains per panicle, and grain density per panicle under the two N levels were detected in the RM135–RM168 interval on chromosome 3. QTLs for number of spikelets per panicle and number of filled grains per panicle under the two N levels, as well as number of panicles per plant and grain density per panicle, under the low N level, were detected in the RM5556–RM310 interval on chromosome 8. The above described QTLs shared similar regions with previously reported QTLs for rice N recycling.
文摘Photosynthesis is one of the most important factors that influence the biomass and yield. Recently, more attention has been paid to genetic study on rice photosynthesis and rice breeding for the physiological traits related to high efficient photosynthesis. Chlorophyll content, stomatal resistance, and transpiration rate were very important physiological traits related to photosynthesis. But until now, no genetic study on these traits has been reported. A DH population derived from anther culture of ZYQ8/JX17, a typical indica/japonica hybrid was developed,
文摘Understanding the variation for the expressionof genes in different environments is one of themajor goals in qualitative genetics. In this pa-per, the genetic models for quantitative traitsof endosperm in cereal crops were used to eval-uate the seed, cytoplasm and maternal geneticeffects as well as the genotype × environment(GE) interaction effects, and to predict thebreeding value of parents and genotypic corre-lation for nutrient quality traits of indica rice (Oryza sativa L.).
文摘Iron toxicity,a physiological disorder of rice,is widelyspread in tropical and subtropical areas and causes severerice yield reduction.Although there has been a consider-able amount of research on flee growth,nutrient uptaking,
文摘The vascular bundle in plants plays an important role intransportation of photosynthetic products, mineral nutri-ents, water, arid so on. Significant positive correlationswere found between grain yield, panicle traits and the No.of peduncle vascular bundles. So, it is very important tostudy the inheritance of peduncle vascular bundle, whichis a quantitative trait.
文摘Since seed and maternal plant are in different generations,the grain milling traits and plant agronomic traits of rice are based on differentgenetic models.Using the genetic modelswhich could estimate covariance componentsbetween two traits with unequal design matri-ces,we analyzed the gentic relationships be-
文摘Indica and japonica rices are two subspecies ofAsia cultivated rice.Their grain qualities exista significant difference.The objective of thispaper is to study the genetic control of qualitytraits in intersubspecies crosses of rice.In 1991,4 japonica varieties with widecompatibility,PC311,Zhenxiqiuguang,Lun-hui 422,and Ce 03 were crossed with 5 indicavarieties,3037,Zaoxiandang 18,IR36,Minghui 63,and Yangdao 4 according to NC(?)design.The 20 hybrids using japonica as ma-
基金supported by the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to University in China (Grant No.B08025)
文摘Genetic analysis of rolled leaf is important to rice ideotype breeding. To detect loci controlling rolled leaf of japonica restorer lines, SSR marker genotypes and phenotypes of flag leaf rolling index （LRI） were investigated in Xiushui 79 （P1, a japonica rice variety）, C Bao （P2, a japonica restorer line） and 254 recombinant inbred lines derived from the cross between P1 and P2 , and in two environments. A genetic map of this cross was constructed, QTLs for LRI were detected and their interactions with environments were analyzed. Among 818 pairs of SSR primers, 90 primers showed polymorphism between P1 and P2, and 12 markers showed highly significant correlation with LRI in both environments based on single marker regression analysis. The genetic map containing 74 information loci has a total distance of 744.6 cM, with an average of 10.1 cM between two adjacent loci. Three QTLs （qRL-1, qRL-7 and qRL-8-1） were detected with two softwares： WinQTLCart 2.5 and QTLNetwork2.0. qRL-8-1 was a new locus, accounting for 15.5% and 12.8% of phenotypic variations in the two environments, respectively. The phenotypic variation explained by additive effect was 6.6%. No interaction was found between qRL-8-1 genotype and environments.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFD1200504 and 2022YFD2002304)the Key Core Technology Project in Agri-culture of Hubei Province(HBNYHXGG2023-9)the Supporting Project for High-Quality Development of Seed Industry of Hubei Province(HBZY2023B001-06).
文摘Rice panicle traits serve as critical indicators of both yield potential and germplasm resource quality.However,traditional manual measurements of these traits,which typically involve threshing,are not only laborious and time-consuming but also prone to introducing measurement errors.This study introduces a high-throughput and nondestructive method,termed extraction of panicle traits(EOPT),along with the software Panicle Analyzer,which is designed to assess unshaped intact rice panicle traits,including the panicle grain number,grain length,grain width,and panicle length.To address the challenge of grain occlusion within an intact panicle,we define a panicle morphology index to quantify the occlusion levels among the rice grains within the panicle.By calibrating the grain number obtained directly from rice panicle images based on the panicle morphology index,we substantially improve the grain number detection accuracy.For measuring grain length and width,the EOPT selects rice grains using an intersection over union threshold of 0.8 and a confidence threshold of 0.7 during the grain detection process.The mean values of these grains were calculated to represent all the panicle grain lengths and widths.In addition,EOPT extracted the main path of the skeleton of the rice panicle using the Astar algorithm to determine panicle lengths.Validation on a dataset of 1,554 panicle images demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed method,achieving 93.57%accuracy in panicle grain counting with a mean absolute percentage error of 6.62%.High accuracy rates were also recorded for grain length(96.83%)and panicle length(9713%).Moreover,the utility of EOPT was confirmed across different years and scenes,both indoors and outdoors.A genome-wide association study was conducted,leveraging the phenotypic traits obtained via EOPT and genotypic data.This study identified single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with grain length,width,number per panicle,and panicle length,further emphasizing the utility and potential of this method in advancing rice breeding.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31471174,and 31271798)
文摘The size of the top three leaves of rice plants is strongly associated with yield; thus, it is important to consider quantitative traits representing leaf size （e.g., length and width） when breeding novel rice varieties. It is challenging to measure such traits on a large scale in the field, and little is known about the genetic factors that determine the size of the top three leaves. In the present study, a population of recombinant inbred lines （RILs） and reciprocal single chromosomal segment substitution lines （SSSLs） derived from the progeny of a japonica Asominori x indica IR24 cross were grown under four diverse environmental conditions. Six morphological traits associated with leaf size were measured,namely length and width of the flag, second and third leaves. In the RIL population, 49 QTLs were identified that clustered in 30 genomic region. Twenty-three of these QTLs were confirmed in the SSSL population. A comparison with previously reported genes/QTLs revealed eight novel genomic regions that contained uncharacterized ORFs associated with leaf size. The QTLs identified in this study can be used for marker- assisted breeding and for fine mapping of novel genetic elements controlling leaf size in rice.
