Objective:To observe the efficacy of LIU’s infantile Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)combined with Bi Yan Gao in treating allergic rhinitis(AR)in kids and the impact on serum inflammatory factors.Methods:A total of...Objective:To observe the efficacy of LIU’s infantile Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)combined with Bi Yan Gao in treating allergic rhinitis(AR)in kids and the impact on serum inflammatory factors.Methods:A total of 120 kids with AR were recruited and divided into a Tuina group,a Bi Yan Gao group,and a combined group using the random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.The three groups all received oral desloratadine syrup as the basic intervention.In addition,the Tuina group was treated with LIU’s infantile Tuina therapy once daily;the BI Yan Gao group received external application of Bi Yan Gao,once every morning and night;the combined group was intervened by LIU’s infantile Tuina plus Bi Yan Gao external application.The intervention lasted for 8 weeks.Before and after the intervention,the total nasal symptom score(TNSS)was compared,and the serum levels of interleukin(IL)-4,IL-6,IL-8,and immunoglobulin E(IgE)were detected.The total effective rate was also compared among the three groups.Results:After 8 weeks of treatment,the total effective rate was 87.2%in the combined group,60.5%in the Tuina group,and 57.5%in the Bi Yan Gao group,showing significant between-group differences(P<0.05).The contents of serum IL-6,IL-8,and IgE were lower in the combined group compared to the Tuina and Bi Yan Gao groups,presenting statistical significance(P<0.05).The level of IL-4 was statistically parallel across the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The combined use of LIU’s infantile Tuina and Bi Yan Gao can improve nasal symptoms and lower the levels of serum inflammatory factors and IgE in kids with AR,producing a higher total effective rate compared to the separate use of the two approaches.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore the correlation between acupuncture treatment for allergic rhinitis(AR) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis regulation by investigating changes in serum immune factors,HPA axis-associated...OBJECTIVE:To explore the correlation between acupuncture treatment for allergic rhinitis(AR) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis regulation by investigating changes in serum immune factors,HPA axis-associated hormone levels,activation levels of paraventricular nucleus(PVN) neurons,and the severity of nasal mucosal lesions,in rats with AR before and after acupuncture treatment.METHODS:After establishing the AR rat model,ovalbumin was administered via nasal drip to all groups except the blank control.Each group received continuous treatment for 14 d:the acupuncture,acupuncture + RU-486(mifepristone),and RU-486 groups received acupuncture only,RU486 intraperitoneal injection and acupuncture,and RU-486 intraperitoneal injection only,respectively.Following the intervention period,behavioral scoring was performed on all AR rats,and peripheral blood,nasal mucosa samples,and brains tissue(containing PVN region) were obtained following euthanization.Interleukin(IL-4,IL-5,IL-13),interferon gamma(IFN-γ),corticosterone(CORT),and corticotrophin-releasing hormone(CRH) levels were evaluated in peripheral blood samples.Adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunoassay assay,and hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed on the nasal mucosa samples.The expression levels of c-Fos in PVN neurons following acupuncture treatment were evaluated by immunofluorescent staining.RESULTS:Following the intervention period,the behavioral scores for the blank control group were lower than those of other groups(P < 0.05),while the acupuncture group scores were lower than those in the model control,acupuncture + RU486,and RU486 groups(P < 0.05).The blank control group had lower serum IL-4,IL-5,and IL-13 levels than those in the other groups(P < 0.05).The acupuncture group had lower serum IL-4,IL-5,and IL-13 levels than those in the model control,acupuncture + RU486,and RU486 groups(P < 0.05).The blank control group had the highest serum IFN-γ levels among all groups,followed by the acupuncture group.The serum CORT,CRH,and ACTH levels in the blank control group were lower than those in the remaining groups(P < 0.05).These biomarker levels were also lower in the acupuncture group than those in the model control,acupuncture + RU486,and RU486 groups(P < 0.05).Compared with model,rats in the acupuncture group exhibited an increased c-Fos expression in PVN neurons.CONCLUSION:Acupuncture can alleviate AR symptoms and regulate serum inflammatory factor levels and HPA axis-related hormones in AR rats.Moreover,these effects are inhibited by glucocorticoid antagonists,suggesting that acupuncture may regulate AR symptoms through HPA axis regulation.展开更多
Sophorae Flavescentis Radix(Ku Shen)is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat damp-heat syndrome-related diseases,such as dysentery,jaundice,rhinitis,and skin inflammation.Recent studies have revealed the potent...Sophorae Flavescentis Radix(Ku Shen)is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat damp-heat syndrome-related diseases,such as dysentery,jaundice,rhinitis,and skin inflammation.Recent studies have revealed the potential pharmacological value of its active alkaloid components,matrine(MAT)and oxymatrine(OMT),in the treatment of allergic rhinitis(AR).To develop a thermosensitive in-situ gel containing MAT and OMT for the intranasal treatment of AR,a thermosensitive matrix composed of Pluronic F127/F68 was optimized using the Box-Behnken Response Surface Methodology.The biosafety of the formulation was evaluated using a palatal ciliary movement model.A guinea pig model of AR induced by ovalbumin and aluminum hydroxide was established.Pharmacodynamic effects were comprehensively assessed through behavioral scoring,histopathological analysis(hematoxylin and eosin)of nasal mucosa,and serum immunological markers(IgE,IL-4,and IFN-γ).The MAT-OMT in-situ gel showed no toxicity during ciliary movement in the toad palatal ciliary motility model.The MAT-OMT combination significantly alleviated nasal itching,sneezing,and rhinorrhea in guinea pigs with AR,mitigated mucosal edema and epithelial damage,and improved inflammatory cytokine levels,suggesting its efficacy in correcting Th1/Th2 immune imbalance.The comprehensive therapeutic effect of MAT-OMT was significantly superior to that of MAT or OMT alone and comparable to that of the positive control,budesonide.展开更多
Background:Allergic rhinitis(AR)is a kind of immune disease mediated by Ig E.We are intrigued by the potential role of DEK proto-oncogene(DEK)in inflammation-related diseases.We investigated the effects and mechanisms...Background:Allergic rhinitis(AR)is a kind of immune disease mediated by Ig E.We are intrigued by the potential role of DEK proto-oncogene(DEK)in inflammation-related diseases.We investigated the effects and mechanisms of DEK in treating AR,aiming to identify potential new treatment targets for AR.Methods:The AR mouse model was induced by house dust mite(HDM)(1 mg/m L).HNEp Cs stimulated by HDM(1 mg/m L)were pretreated for 24 h with or without DEK lentivirus.The effect of DEK knockout or knockdown on AR was evaluated in vitro and in vivo using western blotting,ELISA,flow cytometry,real-time quantitative PCR,immunohistochemistry,HE staining,PAS staining,Diff staining,and immunofluorescence.Results:After DEK knockdown,the inflammatory response of AR mice was reduced.In addition,DEK deletion mitigated nasal tissue damage and mitochondrial division.Our further studies showed that DEK deletion or inhibition led to the down-regulation of Rho A activity and decreased phosphorylation of Ezrin and Drp1 proteins,and inhibited mitochondrial division.Overall,DEK deficiency mitigated AR by down-regulating Rho A/Ezrin/Drp1 pathway activity.Conclusion:DEK alleviates AR through Rho A/Ezrin/Drp1 signaling pathway,which provides a new perspective for developing improved therapies and understanding the pathogenesis of AR.展开更多
Objective:Although there is evidence to support the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on allergic rhinitis(AR),it is not clear whether acupuncture can achieve an efficacy comparable to that of pharmacological therapy....Objective:Although there is evidence to support the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on allergic rhinitis(AR),it is not clear whether acupuncture can achieve an efficacy comparable to that of pharmacological therapy.This multicenter,non-inferiority,single-blinded randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the differences in efficacy between warm needling(WN)therapy and loratadine(LO)in improving AR symptoms and quality of life.Methods:A total of 98 patients with persistent AR(PAR)were randomly divided into two groups in a 1:1 ratio:treatment group receiving WN therapy at Dazhui(GV14)and normal acupuncture at other acupoints for 12 sessions in 4 weeks and control group receiving LO at a dosage of 10 mg/day for oral administration.The study duration was 28 weeks(4-week treatment period with a 24-week follow-up).The primary outcome was the mean change in the Total Nasal Symptom Score(TNSS)from baseline to week 28,and the secondary outcomes included the Total Non-Nasal Symptom Score(TNNSS)and the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire(RQLQ)score.Statistical analyses were conducted us-ing SPSS22.0.Both intention-to-treat and treatment compliance analyses were performed to analyze all outcomes.Results:After intervention,TNSS scores improved from baseline to week 28 by 5.18(95%confidence interval[CI]:3.91,6.45;P<0.001)in the WN group and 4.59(95%CI 3.28,5.89;P<0.001)in the LO group,but the changes did not differ between the groups(P=0.515).The margin by 95%CI(−1.20,2.38)was not reached,indicating non-inferiority.WN therapy resulted in clinical improvements in TNNSS,with a significant difference com pared with LO treatment(f=5.466,P=0.021).WN therapy also resulted in clinical improvements in RQLQ scores,with a significant difference compared with LO(f=9.222,P=0.003).Conclusions:WN therapy demonstrated comparable efficacy to oral LO in improving nasal symptoms of PAR.However,it showed superior effects in alleviating concomitant nasal symptoms and enhancing patients’quality of life.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of Xuanfei Tongqiao acupuncture on nasal inflammation in rats with allergic rhinitis(AR)and its underlying mechanisms,particularly focusing on the role of acupuncture in regulating the ...OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of Xuanfei Tongqiao acupuncture on nasal inflammation in rats with allergic rhinitis(AR)and its underlying mechanisms,particularly focusing on the role of acupuncture in regulating the methylation of long non-coding RNA growth arrestspecific transcript 5(lnc RNA GAS5).METHODS:Interventions involved acupuncture or short hairpin RNA-GAS5(sh-GAS5)lentivirus in an ovalbumininduced AR rat model.Nasal mucosal tissues were collected post-intervention for pathological analysis.Parameters assessed included the proportion of type 2 innate lymphoid cells(ILC2s),the expression of GATA binding protein 3(GATA3),methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3),interleukin(IL)-33 proteins,and the expression of METTL3 and lnc RNA-GAS5.RESULTS:Xuanfei Tongqiao acupuncture and/or lentivirus sh-GAS5 significantly alleviated rhinitis symptoms and reduced nasal inflammation in AR rats.This was evidenced by a reduction in inflammatory cells,eosinophils,and cuprocytes in nasal mucosal tissues,along with a decreased proportion of ILC2s.Furthermore,protein levels of GATA3,METTL3,and IL-33,as well as the expression of METTL3 and lnc RNA-GAS5,were significantly reduced.These findings suggest that lnc RNA-GAS5 and its N6-methyladenosine methylation are key regulators of AR inflammation,with acupuncture exerting a modulatory effect on this pathway.CONCLUSIONS:Xuanfei Tongqiao acupuncture therapy inhibited the METTL3-GAS5-GATA3-IL-33-ILC2 pathway,reducing the inflammatory response and alleviating nasal symptoms in AR rats.These results suggest that Xuanfei Tongqiao acupuncture could serve as a potential alternative therapy for preventing and managing AR associated with inflammation.展开更多
Allergic rhinitis（AR）,with an increasing uptrend of the prevalence in many developed and developing countries,is a global health problem that affects people of all ages and ethnic groups.However,data on the prevalen...Allergic rhinitis（AR）,with an increasing uptrend of the prevalence in many developed and developing countries,is a global health problem that affects people of all ages and ethnic groups.However,data on the prevalence of self-reported AR in western China are rare.This study investigated the epidemiological features of self-reported AR in western China.In the cross-sectional,population-based study,a validated questionnaire survey on self-reported AR was carried out in 4 major cities in western China by multistage,stratified and cluster sampling,from January to December 2008.The total prevalence rate was 34.3%,with 32.3%（Chongqing）,34.3%（Chengdu）,37.9%（Urumqi）,30.3%（Nanning）,respectively.The prevalence presented to increase with age before 30 years old while decrease with age after 30 years old,and the highest prevalence was in 19-30 years group in Chongqing,Chengdu and Nanning which significantly showed ＂persistent and moderate-severe＂ type（P0.0001）;In Urumqi,there wasn＇t a significant increasing or decreasing trend of prevalence rate with age but with an ＂intermittent and mild＂predominance（P0.0001）.There were no distinct sexual differences in prevalence rates in the 4 cities.The morbidity was positively related to monthly average temperature and sunshine（r=0.76645,P=0.0036;r=0.67303,P=0.0165）,but negatively associated with relative humidity（r=-0.64391,P=0.0238） in Urumqi.Interestingly,the monthly morbidity was negatively associate with average temperature,sunshine and precipitation in Nanning（r=-0.81997,P=0.0011;r=-0.60787,P=0.0360;r=-0.59443,P=0.0415）.Self-reported AR is becoming common in western China with a rapid development in recent years,affecting about three persons out of ten.The climatic factors may have an indirect impact on the prevalence rate through the effects on the local allergens.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Tuomin Zhiti decoction(脱敏止嚏汤,TZD)in the shortterm treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis(SAR).METHODS:This study is a randomized,double-blind placebo-con...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Tuomin Zhiti decoction(脱敏止嚏汤,TZD)in the shortterm treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis(SAR).METHODS:This study is a randomized,double-blind placebo-controlled,and single-center clinical trial.In April 2021,during the spring pollen season in Beijing,94 SAR patients aged 19-60 years were randomized(1∶1 ratio)to receive two weeks of TZD or placebo.The primary outcomes were the change of Total Nasal Symptom Score(TNSS)and Total Ocular Symptom Score(TOSS)from baseline to the end of treatment.Secondary outcomes were the changed score of the mini Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire(RQLQ),Rescue Medication Score(RMS),and Patient Global Impression of Change(PGIC).All adverse events were recorded and evaluated by two senior physicians.RESULTS:TZD significantly reduced both the total nasal symptom scores and total ocular symptom scores compared to scores at baseline,while the placebo group showed an increasing trajectory in both symptom scores.Compared to the placebo group,the TZD group also showed a greater improvement in the quality of life,scores of RMS,nasal and eye symptoms scores after TZD treatment(P<0.001).Most notably,at the end of treatment,the proportion of remission measured by PGIC was significantly higher in the TZD group(82.97%)compared with the placebo group(47.72%,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:This study suggested that two weeks of TZD is an effective and safe treatment for SAR patients and spring pollen allergy,TZD could significantly improve the nasal and eye symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To identify the main active ingredients of Improved Yupingfeng Powder prescription(IYPFP,玉屏风散加味)and investigate its anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanisms in ovalbumins(OVA)-induced allerg...OBJECTIVE:To identify the main active ingredients of Improved Yupingfeng Powder prescription(IYPFP,玉屏风散加味)and investigate its anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanisms in ovalbumins(OVA)-induced allergic rhinitis(AR)in mice.METHODS:Bagg Albino/substrain mice were sensitized with OVA emulsified in aluminum hydroxide adjuvant,followed by intranasal challenge to establish AR models.Treatment groups received IYPFP(1.5 or 4.5 g/kg)via daily gavage for 14 d.The nasal mucosa tissues were collected for pathological observation.The expression of OVA-specific immunoglobulin E(Ig E),histamine,and interleukin-33(IL-33)was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.IL-5,IL-13,IL-33,suppression of tumorigenicity 2(ST2),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)in the nasal mucosa and lung were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.High performance liquid chromatography and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry were used to detect the chemical fingerprints of IYPFP,and the chemical compositions of plasma from rats treated with IYPFP at 0.5,1,1.5,2,3,4 and 6 h,respectively.Virtual screening of bioactive compounds was conducted through molecular docking targeting IL-33/ST2 pathway proteins.RESULTS:Eight chemical compounds of IYPFP were accurately identified,they are prim-O-glucosylcimifugin(peak 2),calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(peak 4),cimifugin(peak 5),5-O-methylvisammioside(peak 6),sec-Oglucosylhamaudol(peak 12),calycosin(peak 15),formononetin(peak 19),and magnolin(peak 21).Compared with the OVA model group,IYPFP alleviated the nasal symptoms,improved nasal mucosal injury and downregulated the levels of OVA-specific Ig E,histamine and IL-33.Additionally,IYPFP reduced the levels of IL-5,IL-13,TNF-α,IL-33,and ST2 in the lungs,but upregulated IFN-γ.Molecular docking confirmed that eight representative compounds of IYPFP had good binding properties with IL-5,IL-13,IFN-γ,histamine,IL-33 and ST2,and were able to inhibit the activation of the IL33/ST2 inflammatory pathway.CONCLUSION:This study demonstrates that IYPFP ameliorates AR by modulating IL-33/ST2 pathway which provides a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of patients with AR.展开更多
Vitamin D,beyond its classical role in calcium homeostasis,has emerged as a key regulator of immune function and epithelial barrier integrity.Its deficiency during early childhood—a critical period for immune maturat...Vitamin D,beyond its classical role in calcium homeostasis,has emerged as a key regulator of immune function and epithelial barrier integrity.Its deficiency during early childhood—a critical period for immune maturation—has been increasingly implicated in the development of atopic diseases.While extensively studied in asthma,its role in non-respiratory allergic conditions such as atopic dermatitis(AD)and allergic rhinitis(AR)remains comparatively underexplored.This minireview synthesizes current mechanistic and clinical evidence on vitamin D in pediatric AD and AR.In AD,vitamin D promotes epidermal barrier function through upregulation of filaggrin and ceramide synthesis,and enhances antimicrobial defense via induction of antimicrobial peptides.Observational studies consistently report lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in affected children,particularly those with allergic sensitization.Select randomized controlled trials suggest clinical improvement with supplementation,especially at doses>2000 IU/day in deficient individuals.In AR,epidemiological data indicate stronger inverse associations with seasonal(pollen-induced)disease.Proposed mechanisms include modulation of dendritic cells,regulatory T cells,T helper 2 cytokines,and mucosal barrier integrity.The shared immunopathogenesis of AD and AR underscores vitamin D’s relevance.Although promising,clinical evidence remains heterogeneous.Future research should prioritize phenotype-stratified trials to clarify optimal dosing,timing,and individual response determinants,including genetics and microbiome composition.展开更多
Objective To discuss the clinical efficacy of treating pediatric allergic rhinitis by combiningTuina with Chinese herbal medicines. Methods Twentyeight cases of pediatric allergic rhinitis were treated by combining pe...Objective To discuss the clinical efficacy of treating pediatric allergic rhinitis by combiningTuina with Chinese herbal medicines. Methods Twentyeight cases of pediatric allergic rhinitis were treated by combining pediatric Tuine and oral administration of Yupingfeng powder （玉屏风散） combined with Guizhi decoction （桂枝汤）. The clinical efficacy was observed after 6 treatments. Results The treatment of pediatric allergic rhinitis by combining Tuina and Chinese herbal medicines had an overall effectivness rate of 85.71%. Conclusion Combined treatment using pediatric Tuina and an herbal mixture of Yupingfeng powder （玉屏风散） and Guizhi decoction （桂枝汤） has positive therapeutic efficacy for treatment of pediatric allergic rhinitis, and should be considered as a treatment for this condition.展开更多
Objective:To observe the clinical manifestations of allergic rhinitis mice and the expression changes of the eosinophils CCR3 and the granule protein rnRNA in the bone marrow,peripheral blood and nasal lavage fluid.Mc...Objective:To observe the clinical manifestations of allergic rhinitis mice and the expression changes of the eosinophils CCR3 and the granule protein rnRNA in the bone marrow,peripheral blood and nasal lavage fluid.Mctliods:Twenty-four BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the control group.PBS therapy group.siKNA therapy group and the CCR3 siRNA therapy group(n=6).Allergic rhinitis model were sensitized and stimulated by ovalbunfin,and CCR3 siKNA therapy group were administered with CCH3 transnasally before stimulated.The levels of the eosinophils CCR3.MBP.ECP and EPO in bone marrow,peripheral blood and nasal lavage fluid were detected by RT-PCR.Results:Compared to the control group and CCR3 siR.NA therapy group,the nasal mucosa of the PBS therapy group and siRNA therapy group developed epithalaxy.goblet cells hyperplasia,squamous epithelium metaplasia,epithelium necrosis,lamina propria and submucosa gland hyperplasia,vasodilatation,tissue edema,and the characterized eosinophil infiltration.RT-PCR indicated that the CCR3 rnRNA,MBP.ECP and EPC)expression in bone marrow,peripheral blood and nasal lavage fluid of the CCR3 siKNA therapy group was lower than the PBS therapy group and siR.NA therapy group(P<0.05).Conclusions:The RNA interference therapy to CCR3 by local administration pernasal can suppress the process of the development,migration and invasion of the allergic rhinitis eosinophil,thus can reduce the effect of eosinophils and then reduce the inflammation effect of the allergic rhinitis.It may be a new treatment for respiratory tract allergic inflammation.展开更多
In the current study, we sought to investigate whether lysed Enterococcus faecalis FK-23 （LFK）, a heat-killed probiotic preparation, attenuated eosinophil influx into the upper airway and had immunomodulatory activi...In the current study, we sought to investigate whether lysed Enterococcus faecalis FK-23 （LFK）, a heat-killed probiotic preparation, attenuated eosinophil influx into the upper airway and had immunomodulatory activity in a murine allergic rhinitis model. Eighteen BALB/c mice were divided into three groups; the ovalbumin （OVA）-sen- sitized/challenged group, which received saline orally for 6 weeks （OVA group）, the OVA-sensitized/challenged group, which received LFK orally for 6 weeks （LFK-fed group）, and the non-sensitized group, which received saline for 6 weeks （saline control group）. Nasal rubbing and sneezing were monitored during the study. After the final challenge, interleukin （IL）-4, interferon （IFN）-y, and OVA-specific IgE levels in the sera and splenocyte culture supernatants were determined, eosinophilic infiltrate into the upper airway was quantified, and splenic CD4~CD25＋ regulatory T cells （Tregs） were examined by flow cytometry. We found that nasal rubbing was sig- nificantly reduced in LFK-fed mice compared to the OVA group on d 27 and 35, and sneezing was significantly inhibited by LFK administration for 35 d. LFK-fed mice had significantly less eosinophil influx into the nasal mucosa than the OVA group. There were no significant differences between the LFK-fed group and OVA group in the serum and splenocyte culture supernatant levels of IL-4, IFN-y, and OVA-specific IgE. Interestingly, the LFK-fed mice had a significantly greater percentage of splenic CD4＋CD25＋ Tregs than OVA group. Our results indicate that oral administration of LFK may alleviate nasal symptoms, reduce nasal eosinophilia, and increase the percentage of CD4＋CD25＋ Tregs in experimental allergic rhinitis.展开更多
Summary： The relationship of interleukin-4 （IL-4） C-33T and C-590T （C-589T） gene polymorphisms with allergic rhinitis was analyzed. Data about the case control studies of IL-4 gene promoter polymorphisms [C-33T a...Summary： The relationship of interleukin-4 （IL-4） C-33T and C-590T （C-589T） gene polymorphisms with allergic rhinitis was analyzed. Data about the case control studies of IL-4 gene promoter polymorphisms [C-33T and C-590T （C-589T）] and their association with allergic diseases and correlation between serum IL-4 levels and allergic rhinitis were retrieved. The Stata 12.0 statistical soitvcare was applied to analyze the correlation between IL-4 gene polymorphisms and allergic rhinitis. The meta-analysis result of TT/CC genotype of -590 （-589） polymorphism showed a significant association with allergic diseases [OR=1.93, 95% CI （1.61 2.31）, P=0.00]. Meta-analysis of the TT＋TC versus CC genotype of IL-4 C-33/T polymorphism revealed significant associations with allergic diseases [OR=3.23, 95% CI （1.13-9.25）, P=0.03]. Meanwhile, there was a significant correlation between serum IL-4 levels and allergic rhinitis [OR=2.52, 95% CI-（1.80-3.23）, P=0.00]. IL-4 gene -590 TT genotype may increase the risk of allergic rhinitis and the T allele mutation of -33 might be correlated with aller- gic rhinitis.展开更多
Autologous submandibular gland（SMG） transplantation has been proved to ameliorate the discomforts in patients with severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca. The transplanted glands underwent a hypofunctional period and the...Autologous submandibular gland（SMG） transplantation has been proved to ameliorate the discomforts in patients with severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca. The transplanted glands underwent a hypofunctional period and then restored secretion spontaneously.This study aims to investigate whether autonomic nerves reinnervate the grafts and contribute to the functional recovery, and further determine the origin of these nerves. Parts of the transplanted SMGs were collected from the epiphora patients, and a rabbit SMG transplantation model was established to fulfill the serial observation on the transplanted glands with time. The results showed that autonomic nerves distributed in the transplanted SMGs and parasympathetic ganglionic cells were observed in the stroma of the glands. Low-dense and unevenly distributed cholinergic axons, severe acinar atrophy and fibrosis were visible in the patients＇ glands 4–6 months post-transplantation, whereas the cholinergic axon density and acinar area were increased with time. The acinar area or the secretory flow rate of the transplanted glands was statistically correlated with the cholinergic axon density in the rabbit model, respectively. Meanwhile, large cholinergic nerve trunks were found to locate in the temporal fascia lower to the gland, and sympathetic plexus concomitant with the arteries was observed both in the adjacent fascia and in the stroma of the glands. In summary, the transplanted SMGs are reinnervated by autonomic nerves and the cholinergic nerves play a role in the morphological and functional restoration of the glands. Moreover, these autonomic nerves might originate from the auriculotemporal nerve and the sympathetic plexus around the supplying arteries.展开更多
It has always been controversial whether a single allergen performs better than multiple allergens in polysensitized patients during the allergen-specific immunotherapy. This study aimed to examine the clinical effica...It has always been controversial whether a single allergen performs better than multiple allergens in polysensitized patients during the allergen-specific immunotherapy. This study aimed to examine the clinical efficacy of single-allergen sublingual immunotherapy(SLIT) versus multi-allergen subcutaneous immunotherapy(SCIT) and to discover the change of the biomarker IL-4 after 1-year immunotherapy in polysensitized children aged 6–13 years with allergic rhinitis(AR) induced by house dust mites(HDMs). The AR polysensitized children(n=78) were randomly divided into two groups: SLIT group and SCIT group. Patients in the SLIT group sublingually received a single HDM extract and those in the SCIT group were subcutaneously given multiple-allergen extracts(HDM in combination with other clinically relevant allergen extracts). Before and 1 year after the allergen-specific immunotherapy(ASIT), the total nasal symptom scores(TNSS), total medication scores(TMS) and IL-4 levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) were compared respectively between the two groups. The results showed that the TNSS were greatly improved, and the TMS and IL-4 levels were significantly decreased after 1-year ASIT in both groups(SLIT group: P<0.001; SCIT group: P<0.001). There were no significant differences in any outcome measures between the two groups(for TNSS: P>0.05; for TMS: P>0.05; for IL-4 levels: P>0.05). It was concluded that the clinical efficacy of single-allergen SLIT is comparable with that of multi-allergen SCIT in 6–13-year-old children with HDM-induced AR.展开更多
Th2 cytokines play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis. To investigate the effect of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） on the production of Th2 cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-5 in allerg...Th2 cytokines play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis. To investigate the effect of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） on the production of Th2 cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-5 in allergic rhinitis, a model of allergic rhinitis was established in SD rats. The expression level of p38 MAPK mRNA in PBMCs was detected by means of real time quantitative RT-PCR. The p38 MAPK activity in PBMCs was detected by Western blotting. PBMCs were cultured with various concentrations of p38 MAPK inhibitor SB 239063 or without the treatment, and then IL-4, IL-5 levels of the supernatant were determined by using sandwich ELISA. The results showed that mRNA expression and activity of p38 MAPK in PBMCs were significantly higher in allergic rhinitis rats than in control rats （P〈0.05）. The p38 MAPK inhibitor SB 239063 decreased the production of IL-4 and IL-5 in a dose-dependent manner. It is concluded that p38 MAPK plays an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis which is associated with Th2 cytokines release.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of acupunc ture with dexamethasone(A.Dex)on allergic rhini tis(AR)by injecting dexamethasone into the Zusan li(ST 36)acupoint.METHODS:Thirty 6-week-old female BALB/c mice were sens...OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of acupunc ture with dexamethasone(A.Dex)on allergic rhini tis(AR)by injecting dexamethasone into the Zusan li(ST 36)acupoint.METHODS:Thirty 6-week-old female BALB/c mice were sensitized on days 1,5,and 14 by intraperitoneal injection of 100 pg of ovalbumin(OVA).The mice were then randomly divided into six groups(n =5 in each group).Five groups were sensitized intranasally with 2μL of 1.5 mg of OVA for 10 consecutive days,while one group was sensitized intranasally with PBS in a similar manner as a negative control group.One hour before each administration of intranasal OVA,two groups were orally administered either a control vehicle(distilled water;AR control group)or 200 pg/kg Dex(O.Dex group),while three groups received A.Dex at Zusanli(ST36)with Dex concentrations of 2,20,and 200μg/kg for each group,respectively.AR symptoms were evaluated by measuring the rubbing score,which comprised the number of nose,ear,and eye rubs that occurred in the initial 10 min after OVA intranasal provocation on the 10 th day.We isolated spleen,serum,and nasal mucosal tissue after measuring the rubbing score.Spleen weight was measured using an electronic microbalance.The levels of IgE,thymic stromal lymphopoietin,tumor necrosis factor-a,intercellular adhesion molecule-1,and macrophage-inflammatory protein-2 in serum or nasal mucosal tissue were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.The serum histamine levels of OVA-sensitized AR mice were measured using O-phthaldialdehyde spectrofluorometry.Western blot analysis was performed on nasal mucosal tissue extracts.RESULTS:A.Dex significantly reduced the rubbing score,spleen weight,serum IgE,and serum histamine in OVA-sensitized mice.A.Dex significantly decreased the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines(thymic stromal lymphopoietin and tumor necrosis factor-a)in OVA-sensitized mice.A.Dex significantly reduced the nasal mucosal levels of inflammatory markers(intercellular adhesion molecule-land macrophage-inflammatory protein-2)in AR mice.A.Dex effectively attenuated the expression of caspase-1 and receptorinteractingprotein-2 in nasal mucosal tissue.CONCLUSION:A.Dex may be a new and useful therapy for AR.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Zingiber cassumunar Roxb., commonly known as Phlai in Thai, has been used as a traditional medicine in Thailand for the treatment of various diseases, including inflammation and chronic airway disease. OB...BACKGROUND： Zingiber cassumunar Roxb., commonly known as Phlai in Thai, has been used as a traditional medicine in Thailand for the treatment of various diseases, including inflammation and chronic airway disease. OBJECTIVE： The purpose of this study was to assess the antihistaminic effect of Phlai on skin testing DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION： This was a randomized, open-label, three- way crossover study. Twenty allergic rhinitis （AR） patients were enrolled. In randomized sequence, patients received a single dose of Ph/ai capsules （100 or 200 mg） or Ioratadine （10 mg） with a washout period of 1 week between each treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Skin prick testing for histamine and common aeroallergen （house dust mite） were performed before treatment and after 1,2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours of treatment. The main treatment outcomes were the mean wheal and flare responses to the skin prick test after treatment. RESULTS： Both 100 mg and 200 mg Phlai doses suppressed wheal and flare responses to house dust mite allergen, but only 200 mg of Phlai capsules significantly suppressed wheal and flare responses to histamine. Repeated measures analysis of variance showed that Ioratadine caused more wheal and flare suppression than Phial capsules in responses to the histamine skin prick test. However, there were no significant differences among the effects of 100 mg Phlai capsules, 200 mg Phlai capsules and Ioratadine in suppression of wheal and flare induced by the mite skin prick test. Both doses of Phlai were well-tolerated with no adverse events.CONCLUSION： Both 100 mg （compound D 4 mg） when taken as a single therapeutic dose, inhibited AR patients. and 200 mg （compound D 8 mg） Phlai capsules, skin reactivity to histamine and mite skin prick tests in TRIAL REGISTRATION： Thai clinical trial registry （TCTR20160510001）展开更多
Acupuncture is one of the most effective complementary therapies for allergic rhinitis(AR)and has been recommended by several clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)for AR.However,these CPGs mentioned acupuncture without m...Acupuncture is one of the most effective complementary therapies for allergic rhinitis(AR)and has been recommended by several clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)for AR.However,these CPGs mentioned acupuncture without making recommendations for clinical implementation and therapeutic protocols,therefore limiting the applicability of acupuncture therapies for AR.Hence,for the benefit of acupuncture practitioners around the world,the World Federation of Acupuncture-moxibustion Societies have initiated a project to develop the CPG for the use of acupuncture and moxibustion to treat AR.This CPG was developed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)methodology,referring to the principles of the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development.During the development of the CPG,the guideline development group(GDG)played an important role.The clinical questions,recommendations and therapeutic protocols were all formulated by the GDG using the modified Delphi method.The CPG contains recommendations for 15 clinical questions about the use of acupuncture and moxibustion interventions.These include one strong recommendation for the intervention based on high-quality evidence,three conditional recommendations for either the intervention or standard care,and 11 conditional recommendations for the intervention based on very low quality of evidence.The CPG also provides one filiform needle acupuncture protocol and five moxibustion protocols extracted based on the protocols presented in randomized controlled trials reviewed by the GDG.展开更多
基金supported by the Foshan City’s Selffunded Science and Technology Innovation Project in 2022(2022年佛山市自筹经费类科技创新项目,No.2220001005034).
文摘Objective:To observe the efficacy of LIU’s infantile Tuina(Chinese therapeutic massage)combined with Bi Yan Gao in treating allergic rhinitis(AR)in kids and the impact on serum inflammatory factors.Methods:A total of 120 kids with AR were recruited and divided into a Tuina group,a Bi Yan Gao group,and a combined group using the random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.The three groups all received oral desloratadine syrup as the basic intervention.In addition,the Tuina group was treated with LIU’s infantile Tuina therapy once daily;the BI Yan Gao group received external application of Bi Yan Gao,once every morning and night;the combined group was intervened by LIU’s infantile Tuina plus Bi Yan Gao external application.The intervention lasted for 8 weeks.Before and after the intervention,the total nasal symptom score(TNSS)was compared,and the serum levels of interleukin(IL)-4,IL-6,IL-8,and immunoglobulin E(IgE)were detected.The total effective rate was also compared among the three groups.Results:After 8 weeks of treatment,the total effective rate was 87.2%in the combined group,60.5%in the Tuina group,and 57.5%in the Bi Yan Gao group,showing significant between-group differences(P<0.05).The contents of serum IL-6,IL-8,and IgE were lower in the combined group compared to the Tuina and Bi Yan Gao groups,presenting statistical significance(P<0.05).The level of IL-4 was statistically parallel across the three groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The combined use of LIU’s infantile Tuina and Bi Yan Gao can improve nasal symptoms and lower the levels of serum inflammatory factors and IgE in kids with AR,producing a higher total effective rate compared to the separate use of the two approaches.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China:to Explore the Mechanism of Acupuncture Treatment on Rats with Allergic Rhinitis from the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis and Serum Immune Factor Levels (No.82004455)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore the correlation between acupuncture treatment for allergic rhinitis(AR) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal(HPA) axis regulation by investigating changes in serum immune factors,HPA axis-associated hormone levels,activation levels of paraventricular nucleus(PVN) neurons,and the severity of nasal mucosal lesions,in rats with AR before and after acupuncture treatment.METHODS:After establishing the AR rat model,ovalbumin was administered via nasal drip to all groups except the blank control.Each group received continuous treatment for 14 d:the acupuncture,acupuncture + RU-486(mifepristone),and RU-486 groups received acupuncture only,RU486 intraperitoneal injection and acupuncture,and RU-486 intraperitoneal injection only,respectively.Following the intervention period,behavioral scoring was performed on all AR rats,and peripheral blood,nasal mucosa samples,and brains tissue(containing PVN region) were obtained following euthanization.Interleukin(IL-4,IL-5,IL-13),interferon gamma(IFN-γ),corticosterone(CORT),and corticotrophin-releasing hormone(CRH) levels were evaluated in peripheral blood samples.Adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) levels were determined using an enzyme-linked immunoassay assay,and hematoxylin and eosin staining was performed on the nasal mucosa samples.The expression levels of c-Fos in PVN neurons following acupuncture treatment were evaluated by immunofluorescent staining.RESULTS:Following the intervention period,the behavioral scores for the blank control group were lower than those of other groups(P < 0.05),while the acupuncture group scores were lower than those in the model control,acupuncture + RU486,and RU486 groups(P < 0.05).The blank control group had lower serum IL-4,IL-5,and IL-13 levels than those in the other groups(P < 0.05).The acupuncture group had lower serum IL-4,IL-5,and IL-13 levels than those in the model control,acupuncture + RU486,and RU486 groups(P < 0.05).The blank control group had the highest serum IFN-γ levels among all groups,followed by the acupuncture group.The serum CORT,CRH,and ACTH levels in the blank control group were lower than those in the remaining groups(P < 0.05).These biomarker levels were also lower in the acupuncture group than those in the model control,acupuncture + RU486,and RU486 groups(P < 0.05).Compared with model,rats in the acupuncture group exhibited an increased c-Fos expression in PVN neurons.CONCLUSION:Acupuncture can alleviate AR symptoms and regulate serum inflammatory factor levels and HPA axis-related hormones in AR rats.Moreover,these effects are inhibited by glucocorticoid antagonists,suggesting that acupuncture may regulate AR symptoms through HPA axis regulation.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFE0111300).
文摘Sophorae Flavescentis Radix(Ku Shen)is a traditional Chinese medicine used to treat damp-heat syndrome-related diseases,such as dysentery,jaundice,rhinitis,and skin inflammation.Recent studies have revealed the potential pharmacological value of its active alkaloid components,matrine(MAT)and oxymatrine(OMT),in the treatment of allergic rhinitis(AR).To develop a thermosensitive in-situ gel containing MAT and OMT for the intranasal treatment of AR,a thermosensitive matrix composed of Pluronic F127/F68 was optimized using the Box-Behnken Response Surface Methodology.The biosafety of the formulation was evaluated using a palatal ciliary movement model.A guinea pig model of AR induced by ovalbumin and aluminum hydroxide was established.Pharmacodynamic effects were comprehensively assessed through behavioral scoring,histopathological analysis(hematoxylin and eosin)of nasal mucosa,and serum immunological markers(IgE,IL-4,and IFN-γ).The MAT-OMT in-situ gel showed no toxicity during ciliary movement in the toad palatal ciliary motility model.The MAT-OMT combination significantly alleviated nasal itching,sneezing,and rhinorrhea in guinea pigs with AR,mitigated mucosal edema and epithelial damage,and improved inflammatory cytokine levels,suggesting its efficacy in correcting Th1/Th2 immune imbalance.The comprehensive therapeutic effect of MAT-OMT was significantly superior to that of MAT or OMT alone and comparable to that of the positive control,budesonide.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:82260007 and 82260218The Department of Education of Jilin Province,(JJKH20240698KJ)+1 种基金Natural Science Research Foundation of Jilin Province for Sciences and Technology,Grant/Award Number:20210101215JC20240602100RC and 20240404025ZP。
文摘Background:Allergic rhinitis(AR)is a kind of immune disease mediated by Ig E.We are intrigued by the potential role of DEK proto-oncogene(DEK)in inflammation-related diseases.We investigated the effects and mechanisms of DEK in treating AR,aiming to identify potential new treatment targets for AR.Methods:The AR mouse model was induced by house dust mite(HDM)(1 mg/m L).HNEp Cs stimulated by HDM(1 mg/m L)were pretreated for 24 h with or without DEK lentivirus.The effect of DEK knockout or knockdown on AR was evaluated in vitro and in vivo using western blotting,ELISA,flow cytometry,real-time quantitative PCR,immunohistochemistry,HE staining,PAS staining,Diff staining,and immunofluorescence.Results:After DEK knockdown,the inflammatory response of AR mice was reduced.In addition,DEK deletion mitigated nasal tissue damage and mitochondrial division.Our further studies showed that DEK deletion or inhibition led to the down-regulation of Rho A activity and decreased phosphorylation of Ezrin and Drp1 proteins,and inhibited mitochondrial division.Overall,DEK deficiency mitigated AR by down-regulating Rho A/Ezrin/Drp1 pathway activity.Conclusion:DEK alleviates AR through Rho A/Ezrin/Drp1 signaling pathway,which provides a new perspective for developing improved therapies and understanding the pathogenesis of AR.
基金Supported by Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission Program:Z151100004015117Shenzhen Science and Technology Plan Project:JCYJ20210324120804012Shenzhen Luohu District Soft Science Research Plan project:LX202202128。
文摘Objective:Although there is evidence to support the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on allergic rhinitis(AR),it is not clear whether acupuncture can achieve an efficacy comparable to that of pharmacological therapy.This multicenter,non-inferiority,single-blinded randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the differences in efficacy between warm needling(WN)therapy and loratadine(LO)in improving AR symptoms and quality of life.Methods:A total of 98 patients with persistent AR(PAR)were randomly divided into two groups in a 1:1 ratio:treatment group receiving WN therapy at Dazhui(GV14)and normal acupuncture at other acupoints for 12 sessions in 4 weeks and control group receiving LO at a dosage of 10 mg/day for oral administration.The study duration was 28 weeks(4-week treatment period with a 24-week follow-up).The primary outcome was the mean change in the Total Nasal Symptom Score(TNSS)from baseline to week 28,and the secondary outcomes included the Total Non-Nasal Symptom Score(TNNSS)and the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire(RQLQ)score.Statistical analyses were conducted us-ing SPSS22.0.Both intention-to-treat and treatment compliance analyses were performed to analyze all outcomes.Results:After intervention,TNSS scores improved from baseline to week 28 by 5.18(95%confidence interval[CI]:3.91,6.45;P<0.001)in the WN group and 4.59(95%CI 3.28,5.89;P<0.001)in the LO group,but the changes did not differ between the groups(P=0.515).The margin by 95%CI(−1.20,2.38)was not reached,indicating non-inferiority.WN therapy resulted in clinical improvements in TNNSS,with a significant difference com pared with LO treatment(f=5.466,P=0.021).WN therapy also resulted in clinical improvements in RQLQ scores,with a significant difference compared with LO(f=9.222,P=0.003).Conclusions:WN therapy demonstrated comparable efficacy to oral LO in improving nasal symptoms of PAR.However,it showed superior effects in alleviating concomitant nasal symptoms and enhancing patients’quality of life.
基金Open Project of National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Multi-Center Clinical Study on Xuanfei Tongqiao Acupuncture combined with Sphenopalatine Ganglion Stimulation in the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis(No.NCRCOP2023008)Foundation of First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine:Clinical Observation on Preventive Acupuncture for Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis based on the Theory of"Strong Spleen Prevents Pathogenic Invasion"(No.2020043)the Medical Research Project of Yancheng City Health Commission:Mechanism of Xuanfei Tongqiao Acupuncture in Treating Allergic Rhinitis via m6A Methylation Modification of lncRNA GAS5(No.YK2023017)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To examine the effect of Xuanfei Tongqiao acupuncture on nasal inflammation in rats with allergic rhinitis(AR)and its underlying mechanisms,particularly focusing on the role of acupuncture in regulating the methylation of long non-coding RNA growth arrestspecific transcript 5(lnc RNA GAS5).METHODS:Interventions involved acupuncture or short hairpin RNA-GAS5(sh-GAS5)lentivirus in an ovalbumininduced AR rat model.Nasal mucosal tissues were collected post-intervention for pathological analysis.Parameters assessed included the proportion of type 2 innate lymphoid cells(ILC2s),the expression of GATA binding protein 3(GATA3),methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3),interleukin(IL)-33 proteins,and the expression of METTL3 and lnc RNA-GAS5.RESULTS:Xuanfei Tongqiao acupuncture and/or lentivirus sh-GAS5 significantly alleviated rhinitis symptoms and reduced nasal inflammation in AR rats.This was evidenced by a reduction in inflammatory cells,eosinophils,and cuprocytes in nasal mucosal tissues,along with a decreased proportion of ILC2s.Furthermore,protein levels of GATA3,METTL3,and IL-33,as well as the expression of METTL3 and lnc RNA-GAS5,were significantly reduced.These findings suggest that lnc RNA-GAS5 and its N6-methyladenosine methylation are key regulators of AR inflammation,with acupuncture exerting a modulatory effect on this pathway.CONCLUSIONS:Xuanfei Tongqiao acupuncture therapy inhibited the METTL3-GAS5-GATA3-IL-33-ILC2 pathway,reducing the inflammatory response and alleviating nasal symptoms in AR rats.These results suggest that Xuanfei Tongqiao acupuncture could serve as a potential alternative therapy for preventing and managing AR associated with inflammation.
基金supported by the Science Research grants for the 10th 5-year plan to SL.H. (2004BA720A19-02)
文摘Allergic rhinitis（AR）,with an increasing uptrend of the prevalence in many developed and developing countries,is a global health problem that affects people of all ages and ethnic groups.However,data on the prevalence of self-reported AR in western China are rare.This study investigated the epidemiological features of self-reported AR in western China.In the cross-sectional,population-based study,a validated questionnaire survey on self-reported AR was carried out in 4 major cities in western China by multistage,stratified and cluster sampling,from January to December 2008.The total prevalence rate was 34.3%,with 32.3%（Chongqing）,34.3%（Chengdu）,37.9%（Urumqi）,30.3%（Nanning）,respectively.The prevalence presented to increase with age before 30 years old while decrease with age after 30 years old,and the highest prevalence was in 19-30 years group in Chongqing,Chengdu and Nanning which significantly showed ＂persistent and moderate-severe＂ type（P0.0001）;In Urumqi,there wasn＇t a significant increasing or decreasing trend of prevalence rate with age but with an ＂intermittent and mild＂predominance（P0.0001）.There were no distinct sexual differences in prevalence rates in the 4 cities.The morbidity was positively related to monthly average temperature and sunshine（r=0.76645,P=0.0036;r=0.67303,P=0.0165）,but negatively associated with relative humidity（r=-0.64391,P=0.0238） in Urumqi.Interestingly,the monthly morbidity was negatively associate with average temperature,sunshine and precipitation in Nanning（r=-0.81997,P=0.0011;r=-0.60787,P=0.0360;r=-0.59443,P=0.0415）.Self-reported AR is becoming common in western China with a rapid development in recent years,affecting about three persons out of ten.The climatic factors may have an indirect impact on the prevalence rate through the effects on the local allergens.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2023-JYB-JBZD-009)High level Key Discipline of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Traditional Chinese Constitutional Medicine(No.zyyzdxk-2023251)+1 种基金General program of National Natural Science Foundation of China:Study on the Mechanism of"the Simultaneous Prevention of Different Diseases"of Allergic Constitution Regulating Formula based on DNA Trap Mediated Eosinophil-Derived Dendritic Cells Cell Crosstalk(No.82174243)General Project of Beijing Natural Science Foundation:Study on the Mechanism of Guominkang for Treating Allergic Rhinitis through Regulating Body Constitution based on Vacuolating Cytotoxin A-mediated Eosinophil-derived Dendritic Cell Cell immune microenvironment(No.7242227)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Tuomin Zhiti decoction(脱敏止嚏汤,TZD)in the shortterm treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis(SAR).METHODS:This study is a randomized,double-blind placebo-controlled,and single-center clinical trial.In April 2021,during the spring pollen season in Beijing,94 SAR patients aged 19-60 years were randomized(1∶1 ratio)to receive two weeks of TZD or placebo.The primary outcomes were the change of Total Nasal Symptom Score(TNSS)and Total Ocular Symptom Score(TOSS)from baseline to the end of treatment.Secondary outcomes were the changed score of the mini Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire(RQLQ),Rescue Medication Score(RMS),and Patient Global Impression of Change(PGIC).All adverse events were recorded and evaluated by two senior physicians.RESULTS:TZD significantly reduced both the total nasal symptom scores and total ocular symptom scores compared to scores at baseline,while the placebo group showed an increasing trajectory in both symptom scores.Compared to the placebo group,the TZD group also showed a greater improvement in the quality of life,scores of RMS,nasal and eye symptoms scores after TZD treatment(P<0.001).Most notably,at the end of treatment,the proportion of remission measured by PGIC was significantly higher in the TZD group(82.97%)compared with the placebo group(47.72%,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:This study suggested that two weeks of TZD is an effective and safe treatment for SAR patients and spring pollen allergy,TZD could significantly improve the nasal and eye symptoms and improve the quality of life of patients.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China:Exploring the Mechanism of Improved Yupingfeng Powder in Treating Allergic Rhinitis Based on the Nucleotide-Binding Oligomerization Domain,Leucine-rich Repeat and Pyrin Domain-containing Protein 3/Interleukin-33-Mediated Activation Pathway of Pulmonary Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Airway Epithelial Cells(No.82374526)Science and Technology Project of Guangzhou:Mechanism of Shikonin in Treating Acute Lung Injury Through Regulating M1 Macrophage Polarization via Adenosine 5'-monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase/Dynamin-Related Protein 1-mediated Mitochondrial Dynamics(No.2024A04J4334)+2 种基金Exemplary Study on Process Optimization and Quality Standard Enhancement of Hospital Preparations Such as Gangmei Qingyan Mixture(No.2023A03J0299)Anti-Allergic Mechanism of Improved Yupingfeng Powder in Alleviating Nasal Mucosal Inflammation in Allergic Rhinitis via Interleukin-33/Suppression of Tumorigenicity 2-Regulated Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells Suppression(No.202201020457)Elite Talent Program of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine by 2023 Years and Guangdong Province Lingnan Characteristic Hospital Preparation Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center(No.2023A170)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To identify the main active ingredients of Improved Yupingfeng Powder prescription(IYPFP,玉屏风散加味)and investigate its anti-inflammatory effects and underlying mechanisms in ovalbumins(OVA)-induced allergic rhinitis(AR)in mice.METHODS:Bagg Albino/substrain mice were sensitized with OVA emulsified in aluminum hydroxide adjuvant,followed by intranasal challenge to establish AR models.Treatment groups received IYPFP(1.5 or 4.5 g/kg)via daily gavage for 14 d.The nasal mucosa tissues were collected for pathological observation.The expression of OVA-specific immunoglobulin E(Ig E),histamine,and interleukin-33(IL-33)was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.IL-5,IL-13,IL-33,suppression of tumorigenicity 2(ST2),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)in the nasal mucosa and lung were detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.High performance liquid chromatography and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry were used to detect the chemical fingerprints of IYPFP,and the chemical compositions of plasma from rats treated with IYPFP at 0.5,1,1.5,2,3,4 and 6 h,respectively.Virtual screening of bioactive compounds was conducted through molecular docking targeting IL-33/ST2 pathway proteins.RESULTS:Eight chemical compounds of IYPFP were accurately identified,they are prim-O-glucosylcimifugin(peak 2),calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside(peak 4),cimifugin(peak 5),5-O-methylvisammioside(peak 6),sec-Oglucosylhamaudol(peak 12),calycosin(peak 15),formononetin(peak 19),and magnolin(peak 21).Compared with the OVA model group,IYPFP alleviated the nasal symptoms,improved nasal mucosal injury and downregulated the levels of OVA-specific Ig E,histamine and IL-33.Additionally,IYPFP reduced the levels of IL-5,IL-13,TNF-α,IL-33,and ST2 in the lungs,but upregulated IFN-γ.Molecular docking confirmed that eight representative compounds of IYPFP had good binding properties with IL-5,IL-13,IFN-γ,histamine,IL-33 and ST2,and were able to inhibit the activation of the IL33/ST2 inflammatory pathway.CONCLUSION:This study demonstrates that IYPFP ameliorates AR by modulating IL-33/ST2 pathway which provides a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of patients with AR.
文摘Vitamin D,beyond its classical role in calcium homeostasis,has emerged as a key regulator of immune function and epithelial barrier integrity.Its deficiency during early childhood—a critical period for immune maturation—has been increasingly implicated in the development of atopic diseases.While extensively studied in asthma,its role in non-respiratory allergic conditions such as atopic dermatitis(AD)and allergic rhinitis(AR)remains comparatively underexplored.This minireview synthesizes current mechanistic and clinical evidence on vitamin D in pediatric AD and AR.In AD,vitamin D promotes epidermal barrier function through upregulation of filaggrin and ceramide synthesis,and enhances antimicrobial defense via induction of antimicrobial peptides.Observational studies consistently report lower serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in affected children,particularly those with allergic sensitization.Select randomized controlled trials suggest clinical improvement with supplementation,especially at doses>2000 IU/day in deficient individuals.In AR,epidemiological data indicate stronger inverse associations with seasonal(pollen-induced)disease.Proposed mechanisms include modulation of dendritic cells,regulatory T cells,T helper 2 cytokines,and mucosal barrier integrity.The shared immunopathogenesis of AD and AR underscores vitamin D’s relevance.Although promising,clinical evidence remains heterogeneous.Future research should prioritize phenotype-stratified trials to clarify optimal dosing,timing,and individual response determinants,including genetics and microbiome composition.
文摘Objective To discuss the clinical efficacy of treating pediatric allergic rhinitis by combiningTuina with Chinese herbal medicines. Methods Twentyeight cases of pediatric allergic rhinitis were treated by combining pediatric Tuine and oral administration of Yupingfeng powder （玉屏风散） combined with Guizhi decoction （桂枝汤）. The clinical efficacy was observed after 6 treatments. Results The treatment of pediatric allergic rhinitis by combining Tuina and Chinese herbal medicines had an overall effectivness rate of 85.71%. Conclusion Combined treatment using pediatric Tuina and an herbal mixture of Yupingfeng powder （玉屏风散） and Guizhi decoction （桂枝汤） has positive therapeutic efficacy for treatment of pediatric allergic rhinitis, and should be considered as a treatment for this condition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Fund Project in China(grant No.:81060084)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Fund Project in China(grant No.:2010gzy0251)+1 种基金Jiangxi Provincial Health Department Project in China(grant No.:20131059)Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology Project in China(grant No.:20133BBG70071)
文摘Objective:To observe the clinical manifestations of allergic rhinitis mice and the expression changes of the eosinophils CCR3 and the granule protein rnRNA in the bone marrow,peripheral blood and nasal lavage fluid.Mctliods:Twenty-four BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the control group.PBS therapy group.siKNA therapy group and the CCR3 siRNA therapy group(n=6).Allergic rhinitis model were sensitized and stimulated by ovalbunfin,and CCR3 siKNA therapy group were administered with CCH3 transnasally before stimulated.The levels of the eosinophils CCR3.MBP.ECP and EPO in bone marrow,peripheral blood and nasal lavage fluid were detected by RT-PCR.Results:Compared to the control group and CCR3 siR.NA therapy group,the nasal mucosa of the PBS therapy group and siRNA therapy group developed epithalaxy.goblet cells hyperplasia,squamous epithelium metaplasia,epithelium necrosis,lamina propria and submucosa gland hyperplasia,vasodilatation,tissue edema,and the characterized eosinophil infiltration.RT-PCR indicated that the CCR3 rnRNA,MBP.ECP and EPC)expression in bone marrow,peripheral blood and nasal lavage fluid of the CCR3 siKNA therapy group was lower than the PBS therapy group and siR.NA therapy group(P<0.05).Conclusions:The RNA interference therapy to CCR3 by local administration pernasal can suppress the process of the development,migration and invasion of the allergic rhinitis eosinophil,thus can reduce the effect of eosinophils and then reduce the inflammation effect of the allergic rhinitis.It may be a new treatment for respiratory tract allergic inflammation.
基金supported by the International Cooperation Program of Jiangsu Department of Science and Technology (BZ2011045)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD 2010-2013)the Health Promotion Project of Jiangsu Province (RC2007065 and RC2011071),China
文摘In the current study, we sought to investigate whether lysed Enterococcus faecalis FK-23 （LFK）, a heat-killed probiotic preparation, attenuated eosinophil influx into the upper airway and had immunomodulatory activity in a murine allergic rhinitis model. Eighteen BALB/c mice were divided into three groups; the ovalbumin （OVA）-sen- sitized/challenged group, which received saline orally for 6 weeks （OVA group）, the OVA-sensitized/challenged group, which received LFK orally for 6 weeks （LFK-fed group）, and the non-sensitized group, which received saline for 6 weeks （saline control group）. Nasal rubbing and sneezing were monitored during the study. After the final challenge, interleukin （IL）-4, interferon （IFN）-y, and OVA-specific IgE levels in the sera and splenocyte culture supernatants were determined, eosinophilic infiltrate into the upper airway was quantified, and splenic CD4~CD25＋ regulatory T cells （Tregs） were examined by flow cytometry. We found that nasal rubbing was sig- nificantly reduced in LFK-fed mice compared to the OVA group on d 27 and 35, and sneezing was significantly inhibited by LFK administration for 35 d. LFK-fed mice had significantly less eosinophil influx into the nasal mucosa than the OVA group. There were no significant differences between the LFK-fed group and OVA group in the serum and splenocyte culture supernatant levels of IL-4, IFN-y, and OVA-specific IgE. Interestingly, the LFK-fed mice had a significantly greater percentage of splenic CD4＋CD25＋ Tregs than OVA group. Our results indicate that oral administration of LFK may alleviate nasal symptoms, reduce nasal eosinophilia, and increase the percentage of CD4＋CD25＋ Tregs in experimental allergic rhinitis.
文摘Summary： The relationship of interleukin-4 （IL-4） C-33T and C-590T （C-589T） gene polymorphisms with allergic rhinitis was analyzed. Data about the case control studies of IL-4 gene promoter polymorphisms [C-33T and C-590T （C-589T）] and their association with allergic diseases and correlation between serum IL-4 levels and allergic rhinitis were retrieved. The Stata 12.0 statistical soitvcare was applied to analyze the correlation between IL-4 gene polymorphisms and allergic rhinitis. The meta-analysis result of TT/CC genotype of -590 （-589） polymorphism showed a significant association with allergic diseases [OR=1.93, 95% CI （1.61 2.31）, P=0.00]. Meta-analysis of the TT＋TC versus CC genotype of IL-4 C-33/T polymorphism revealed significant associations with allergic diseases [OR=3.23, 95% CI （1.13-9.25）, P=0.03]. Meanwhile, there was a significant correlation between serum IL-4 levels and allergic rhinitis [OR=2.52, 95% CI-（1.80-3.23）, P=0.00]. IL-4 gene -590 TT genotype may increase the risk of allergic rhinitis and the T allele mutation of -33 might be correlated with aller- gic rhinitis.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81671005 and 81470756)
文摘Autologous submandibular gland（SMG） transplantation has been proved to ameliorate the discomforts in patients with severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca. The transplanted glands underwent a hypofunctional period and then restored secretion spontaneously.This study aims to investigate whether autonomic nerves reinnervate the grafts and contribute to the functional recovery, and further determine the origin of these nerves. Parts of the transplanted SMGs were collected from the epiphora patients, and a rabbit SMG transplantation model was established to fulfill the serial observation on the transplanted glands with time. The results showed that autonomic nerves distributed in the transplanted SMGs and parasympathetic ganglionic cells were observed in the stroma of the glands. Low-dense and unevenly distributed cholinergic axons, severe acinar atrophy and fibrosis were visible in the patients＇ glands 4–6 months post-transplantation, whereas the cholinergic axon density and acinar area were increased with time. The acinar area or the secretory flow rate of the transplanted glands was statistically correlated with the cholinergic axon density in the rabbit model, respectively. Meanwhile, large cholinergic nerve trunks were found to locate in the temporal fascia lower to the gland, and sympathetic plexus concomitant with the arteries was observed both in the adjacent fascia and in the stroma of the glands. In summary, the transplanted SMGs are reinnervated by autonomic nerves and the cholinergic nerves play a role in the morphological and functional restoration of the glands. Moreover, these autonomic nerves might originate from the auriculotemporal nerve and the sympathetic plexus around the supplying arteries.
文摘It has always been controversial whether a single allergen performs better than multiple allergens in polysensitized patients during the allergen-specific immunotherapy. This study aimed to examine the clinical efficacy of single-allergen sublingual immunotherapy(SLIT) versus multi-allergen subcutaneous immunotherapy(SCIT) and to discover the change of the biomarker IL-4 after 1-year immunotherapy in polysensitized children aged 6–13 years with allergic rhinitis(AR) induced by house dust mites(HDMs). The AR polysensitized children(n=78) were randomly divided into two groups: SLIT group and SCIT group. Patients in the SLIT group sublingually received a single HDM extract and those in the SCIT group were subcutaneously given multiple-allergen extracts(HDM in combination with other clinically relevant allergen extracts). Before and 1 year after the allergen-specific immunotherapy(ASIT), the total nasal symptom scores(TNSS), total medication scores(TMS) and IL-4 levels in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) were compared respectively between the two groups. The results showed that the TNSS were greatly improved, and the TMS and IL-4 levels were significantly decreased after 1-year ASIT in both groups(SLIT group: P<0.001; SCIT group: P<0.001). There were no significant differences in any outcome measures between the two groups(for TNSS: P>0.05; for TMS: P>0.05; for IL-4 levels: P>0.05). It was concluded that the clinical efficacy of single-allergen SLIT is comparable with that of multi-allergen SCIT in 6–13-year-old children with HDM-induced AR.
文摘Th2 cytokines play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis. To investigate the effect of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） on the production of Th2 cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-5 in allergic rhinitis, a model of allergic rhinitis was established in SD rats. The expression level of p38 MAPK mRNA in PBMCs was detected by means of real time quantitative RT-PCR. The p38 MAPK activity in PBMCs was detected by Western blotting. PBMCs were cultured with various concentrations of p38 MAPK inhibitor SB 239063 or without the treatment, and then IL-4, IL-5 levels of the supernatant were determined by using sandwich ELISA. The results showed that mRNA expression and activity of p38 MAPK in PBMCs were significantly higher in allergic rhinitis rats than in control rats （P〈0.05）. The p38 MAPK inhibitor SB 239063 decreased the production of IL-4 and IL-5 in a dose-dependent manner. It is concluded that p38 MAPK plays an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis which is associated with Th2 cytokines release.
基金Supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea Funded by the Ministry of Education(2016R1D1A1B03931625)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of acupunc ture with dexamethasone(A.Dex)on allergic rhini tis(AR)by injecting dexamethasone into the Zusan li(ST 36)acupoint.METHODS:Thirty 6-week-old female BALB/c mice were sensitized on days 1,5,and 14 by intraperitoneal injection of 100 pg of ovalbumin(OVA).The mice were then randomly divided into six groups(n =5 in each group).Five groups were sensitized intranasally with 2μL of 1.5 mg of OVA for 10 consecutive days,while one group was sensitized intranasally with PBS in a similar manner as a negative control group.One hour before each administration of intranasal OVA,two groups were orally administered either a control vehicle(distilled water;AR control group)or 200 pg/kg Dex(O.Dex group),while three groups received A.Dex at Zusanli(ST36)with Dex concentrations of 2,20,and 200μg/kg for each group,respectively.AR symptoms were evaluated by measuring the rubbing score,which comprised the number of nose,ear,and eye rubs that occurred in the initial 10 min after OVA intranasal provocation on the 10 th day.We isolated spleen,serum,and nasal mucosal tissue after measuring the rubbing score.Spleen weight was measured using an electronic microbalance.The levels of IgE,thymic stromal lymphopoietin,tumor necrosis factor-a,intercellular adhesion molecule-1,and macrophage-inflammatory protein-2 in serum or nasal mucosal tissue were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.The serum histamine levels of OVA-sensitized AR mice were measured using O-phthaldialdehyde spectrofluorometry.Western blot analysis was performed on nasal mucosal tissue extracts.RESULTS:A.Dex significantly reduced the rubbing score,spleen weight,serum IgE,and serum histamine in OVA-sensitized mice.A.Dex significantly decreased the serum levels of inflammatory cytokines(thymic stromal lymphopoietin and tumor necrosis factor-a)in OVA-sensitized mice.A.Dex significantly reduced the nasal mucosal levels of inflammatory markers(intercellular adhesion molecule-land macrophage-inflammatory protein-2)in AR mice.A.Dex effectively attenuated the expression of caspase-1 and receptorinteractingprotein-2 in nasal mucosal tissue.CONCLUSION:A.Dex may be a new and useful therapy for AR.
基金supported in part, by research grants from Thai Traditional Medical Knowledge Fund, Ministry of Public HealthThammasat University research fund, Thailand (Fund number 3/2556)
文摘BACKGROUND： Zingiber cassumunar Roxb., commonly known as Phlai in Thai, has been used as a traditional medicine in Thailand for the treatment of various diseases, including inflammation and chronic airway disease. OBJECTIVE： The purpose of this study was to assess the antihistaminic effect of Phlai on skin testing DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTION： This was a randomized, open-label, three- way crossover study. Twenty allergic rhinitis （AR） patients were enrolled. In randomized sequence, patients received a single dose of Ph/ai capsules （100 or 200 mg） or Ioratadine （10 mg） with a washout period of 1 week between each treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Skin prick testing for histamine and common aeroallergen （house dust mite） were performed before treatment and after 1,2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours of treatment. The main treatment outcomes were the mean wheal and flare responses to the skin prick test after treatment. RESULTS： Both 100 mg and 200 mg Phlai doses suppressed wheal and flare responses to house dust mite allergen, but only 200 mg of Phlai capsules significantly suppressed wheal and flare responses to histamine. Repeated measures analysis of variance showed that Ioratadine caused more wheal and flare suppression than Phial capsules in responses to the histamine skin prick test. However, there were no significant differences among the effects of 100 mg Phlai capsules, 200 mg Phlai capsules and Ioratadine in suppression of wheal and flare induced by the mite skin prick test. Both doses of Phlai were well-tolerated with no adverse events.CONCLUSION： Both 100 mg （compound D 4 mg） when taken as a single therapeutic dose, inhibited AR patients. and 200 mg （compound D 8 mg） Phlai capsules, skin reactivity to histamine and mite skin prick tests in TRIAL REGISTRATION： Thai clinical trial registry （TCTR20160510001）
基金financially funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFC1712200 and2019YFC1712203)。
文摘Acupuncture is one of the most effective complementary therapies for allergic rhinitis(AR)and has been recommended by several clinical practice guidelines(CPGs)for AR.However,these CPGs mentioned acupuncture without making recommendations for clinical implementation and therapeutic protocols,therefore limiting the applicability of acupuncture therapies for AR.Hence,for the benefit of acupuncture practitioners around the world,the World Federation of Acupuncture-moxibustion Societies have initiated a project to develop the CPG for the use of acupuncture and moxibustion to treat AR.This CPG was developed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)methodology,referring to the principles of the World Health Organization Handbook for Guideline Development.During the development of the CPG,the guideline development group(GDG)played an important role.The clinical questions,recommendations and therapeutic protocols were all formulated by the GDG using the modified Delphi method.The CPG contains recommendations for 15 clinical questions about the use of acupuncture and moxibustion interventions.These include one strong recommendation for the intervention based on high-quality evidence,three conditional recommendations for either the intervention or standard care,and 11 conditional recommendations for the intervention based on very low quality of evidence.The CPG also provides one filiform needle acupuncture protocol and five moxibustion protocols extracted based on the protocols presented in randomized controlled trials reviewed by the GDG.
