At dawn in Wufu Village,in Dinghu District of Zhaoqing City,Guangdong Province,the newly restored Chaoyangli Cultural Retreat is already welcoming its first visitors.A visitor surnamed Chen,who has travelled from Guan...At dawn in Wufu Village,in Dinghu District of Zhaoqing City,Guangdong Province,the newly restored Chaoyangli Cultural Retreat is already welcoming its first visitors.A visitor surnamed Chen,who has travelled from Guangzhou with his child,stops in front of the Chaxi Academy to admire local intangible cultural heritage crafts.展开更多
The revitalisation of rural areas involves complex power dynamics and interests.This study focuses on multi-stakeholder collaboration within the creative transformation of villages,examining how stakeholder dynamics a...The revitalisation of rural areas involves complex power dynamics and interests.This study focuses on multi-stakeholder collaboration within the creative transformation of villages,examining how stakeholder dynamics and identity affect project outcomes.Comparing cases from China's mainland and Taiwan of China,it combines spatial production theory with relational art perspectives to analyse the interplay of power structures,development models,and identity conflicts in artistic community building.Findings indicate:(1)Artistic rural revitalisation must prioritise the interweaving of economic,cultural,and social objectives alongside the cultivation of local creative resources;(2)place-making initiatives strengthen local social bonds and emotional attachment through public spaces and community art;(3)non-governmental organisations,acting as intermediaries for policy implementation,enhance the social innovation efficacy of rural governance.展开更多
During rapid urban expansion,historic districts that are overtaken by the urban core can experience divergent fates.Some districts that have catered to tourism and commercial real estate have undergone architectural a...During rapid urban expansion,historic districts that are overtaken by the urban core can experience divergent fates.Some districts that have catered to tourism and commercial real estate have undergone architectural and lifestyle changes,thus resulting in the loss of folk culture.Additionally,as a result of funding shortages or property disputes,other districts appear to have decayed but have regained attention,as the collective memory of these districts is valued.This paper uses Shiqiao Town in Chengdu,China,as a case study to explore the redevelopment of historic districts,with a focus on preserving and revitalising collective memory during urban expansion.Via participant observations,semistructured interviews,netnography,natural language processing,and policy content reviews,this paper investigated collective memories based on the everyday lives and public perceptions of residents,with the aim of facilitating interactions between social groups,historic districts,and the city.Unlike previous practices related to creative destruction,current redevelopment practices offer opportunities for physical preservation and the representation of collective memory,thereby attaining a mutually beneficial outcome for both economic development and heritage conservation.The goal of this initiative is to promote the continuous reconstruction of collective memory,thus forming a redevelopment framework focused on‘Original Memories’,‘Stable Linkages’,and‘Continuous Reconstruction’.This study also highlights potential issues in delayed redevelopment,such as authenticity,accuracy of cultural promotion,and resident participation,thereby offering insights for future development and similar historic districts.展开更多
Worldwide interest in the cultural landscape concept-covering rural and urban spheres-is now a major theme in considerations of the management of cultural heritage places.The roots of this interconnection lie in the s...Worldwide interest in the cultural landscape concept-covering rural and urban spheres-is now a major theme in considerations of the management of cultural heritage places.The roots of this interconnection lie in the social,political and economic relationships between people and landscape which,in turn,is related to how human attachment to landscape plays a major role in determining our sense of place.Notably the fundamental actuality of place attachment through landscape is cross cultural.Epistemologically it crosses the boundaries of differing values across diverse cultures underscoring the fundamental cross cultural significance of landscape.Coincidentally the phenomenon of the‘rise of cultural landscapes’(Jacques 1995)has been intimately interconnected with the way in which thinking has changed-philosophically and professionally-on what heritage is.There is in effect a clear link between heritage and landscape.It is in this context that this paper addresses challenges of thinking and acting associated with China’s commitment to a rural revitalisation program.展开更多
Today,rural revitalisation has become a national issue for China,and it is one that many countries also have to face.However,a rural area is not some wilderness that is open to any type of development.The long history...Today,rural revitalisation has become a national issue for China,and it is one that many countries also have to face.However,a rural area is not some wilderness that is open to any type of development.The long history of agricultural civilisation has left an extensive,precious heritage in rural areas;thus,revitalising rural areas has to be based on conserving that heritage.This special issue adopts the theme of‘rural heritage’:we provide a platform for dialogue between China and overseas scholars with the focus on conserving and revitalising rural heritage.There are six contributions in this special issue on matters that affect rural heritage in various countries.Among them,it is possible to understand methods of conservation design with respect to Japan’s rural heritage and follow the role of rural tourism in France.It is also possible to grasp the importance of promoting a building culture in rural parts of Germany.All these contributions offer profound insights for conserving and revitalising China’s rural heritage.This special issue also presents the thoughts of Chinese and foreign experts on recent issues related to China’s rural heritage;it provides a comprehensive introduction to the rural heritage protection system in China.Rural heritage is a complex system.Accordingly,the topics addressed in this special issue reflect the various characteristics involved.However,if readers study these articles from the perspective of the human-land relationship,they will be able to identify the deep correlations among them.展开更多
Urban heritage is a vital resource that connects communities to their local identity.Unplanned developments and rapid urbanisation often harm the authenticity of historic areas,disrupting the cultural fabric and alter...Urban heritage is a vital resource that connects communities to their local identity.Unplanned developments and rapid urbanisation often harm the authenticity of historic areas,disrupting the cultural fabric and altering their character.This study introduces the Relative Positive Impact Index(RPll),a novel technique for assessing the socio-cultural impacts of urban revitalisation.The significance of RPII lies in its ability to quantitatively evaluate the impacts on the cultural fabric and integrity of historic urban areas,which is crucial for sustainable urban development.The study's objective is to apply RPII in evaluating qualitative socio-cultural characteristics in historic urban areas,with a focus on four main criteria and 16 sub-criteria,in the case of the Kuttichira precinct.The methodology integrates the analysis of published literature,a quantitative survey mapping the stakeholders'perception,and qualitative insights.This approach facilitates an in-depth understanding of how urban revitalisation affects local socio-cultural dynamics,preserving the authenticity and character of historic areas.The study reveals that the revitalisation project in Kuttichira positively impacts the socio-cultural fabric of the area,maintaining cultural integrity and addressing social challenges.These findings offer valuable insights for sustainable urban development and policymaking in historic areas.The study recommends the application of RPll in other urban precincts for comparative analysis and further development of urban development practices,contributing to informed urban policy and planning decisions.展开更多
Cheng Ju, Party Branch Secretary of Dashi Village, in Chongyang County, in Central China*s Hubei Province, was the only woman among the eight NPC deputies who answered questions during the first "deputies' pa...Cheng Ju, Party Branch Secretary of Dashi Village, in Chongyang County, in Central China*s Hubei Province, was the only woman among the eight NPC deputies who answered questions during the first "deputies' passage" group interview at the Great Hall of the People, in Beijing, on March 5. She suggested China should establish detailed policies and measures to attract more companies to contribute to rural revitalization, and to establish more workshops in villages to provide more employment opportunities for farmers. At present, the county has seven village Party branch secretaries who were born in the 1990s, including Cheng.展开更多
Nujiang integrates culture and tourism to create new opportunities for development.Nestled deep within the Nujiang Grand Canyon,unique ethnic cultures are driving rural revitalisation in Yunnan Province’s Nujiang Lis...Nujiang integrates culture and tourism to create new opportunities for development.Nestled deep within the Nujiang Grand Canyon,unique ethnic cultures are driving rural revitalisation in Yunnan Province’s Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture.Relying on its rich intangible cultural heritage,the region integrates agriculture,culture,and tourism to create new opportunities for once-isolated communities.展开更多
This study presents the development and psychometric validation of an urban heritage sociocultural impact assessment(UHSCIA)scale to evaluate the impact of urban development projects on the sociocultural fabric of his...This study presents the development and psychometric validation of an urban heritage sociocultural impact assessment(UHSCIA)scale to evaluate the impact of urban development projects on the sociocultural fabric of historic urban precincts.The scale was designed to facilitate a heritage-led approach to urban development,ensuring the preservation and enhancement of urban heritage assets.The study adopts a mixed-method grounded theory to prepare the item pool and construct a framework.The psychometric properties of the scale were rigorously examined through confirmatory factor analysis.The results demonstrate the scale’s reliability and validity,affirming its potential as a valuable tool for decision-makers and practitioners involved in heritage-sensitive urban development.The study concludes by discussing the implications of the UHSCIA scale and its scope for future applications.展开更多
Small mountain villages facing depopulation and economic issues are a common challenge in advanced economies.This work examines recent measures for sustaining rural areas through revitalisation policies focused on eco...Small mountain villages facing depopulation and economic issues are a common challenge in advanced economies.This work examines recent measures for sustaining rural areas through revitalisation policies focused on economic development,environmental protection,and cultural heritage preservation.Two cases are compared:Vogogna in Piedmont,Italy,and Songyang County in China.The analysis highlights the impact of policies adopted by both countries to combat the decline of small villages.Community involvement has emerged as a key factor in addressing population loss and revitalising local economies.In both cases,heritage conservation plays a crucial role in reinforcing community identity,while protecting the built environment preserves the memory and spirit of the place.Citizens-based initiatives,supported by national laws for financing cultural projects and specialised agencies for coordinated sustainable actions,demonstrate the importance of engaging local communities in revitalisation efforts,emphasising the shared challenges and solutions in similar global contexts.展开更多
This article argues that China’s growing attention towards villages in recent years has contributed to transforming the concept of built heritage and helped in disseminating a holistic idea of territory that has prep...This article argues that China’s growing attention towards villages in recent years has contributed to transforming the concept of built heritage and helped in disseminating a holistic idea of territory that has prepared the ground for the environmental turn the country is now experiencing.This conceptual transformation was carried on by a number of converging-although independent-initiatives from different governmental institutions and has been driven by different factors,most importantly,the need to mend the development gap between urban and rural areas,and the wish to rediscover the cultural heritage of the country.The Chinese experience in village preservation was conceived as an important component of a much wider corpus of measures,driven by the rural revitalisation discourse,and should therefore be situated within this broader conceptual framework.This perspective leads to a distinctive approach to the concept of heritage and outlines a type of protection‘with Chinese characteristics’that will increasingly influence the international context.Drawn on three years of field observations and desk analysis,the article highlights some of the characters that define the Chinese experience in village preservation,analysing the most important national lists of villages and examining various cases.展开更多
Since the turn of the century,creative industries have displayed considerable power in transforming the social and economic landscapes of most global metropolises,including such Chinese mega-cities as Beijing and Shan...Since the turn of the century,creative industries have displayed considerable power in transforming the social and economic landscapes of most global metropolises,including such Chinese mega-cities as Beijing and Shanghai.However,the story of creative industries does not end there.Recent studies have focused on the role of creative sector in the countryside.It has been argued that the creative sector can effectively contribute to diversifying socio-economic development in rural areas by increasing employment,enhancing the quality of life,and promoting social inclusion and community development.With the aim to chart new paths for China’s rural revitalisation and address the country’s‘three rural issues’(i.e.agriculture,rural areas and farmers),this paper examines the potentials and challenges to developing the creative sector in rural China.It first reviews the academic debate about expanding the development of creative industries from urban to rural areas.Drawing on the research and classification of creative industries in rural Western Ireland,this study identifies industries characterised by‘content creation and production’and‘creative design services’,which would have potential in rural China.The major impediments to and crucial factors for developing rural creative industries in China are investigated and appraised within the framework of‘creative people,creative place,and creative support’.After analysing emerging practices in Jiangsu Province,this paper highlights the potential of abandoned industrial complexes in rural parts of China’s coastal regions,which can act as incubators for creative industries.Those former manufacturing plants are the remains of township-village enterprises(TVEs),which constituted part of China’s flagship policy for rural regeneration in the 1980s.Not only do they have special architectural attributes favourable for creative production,but also represent the socio-economic entity of the village collective and are the carriers of cultural meanings and memories.This paper concludes with a set of recommendations for both public and private sectors.It calls for a more proactive stance from governments to promote the creative sector in rural areas and revitalise rural economies and communities through the reuse or regeneration of former TVEs.展开更多
Vernacular heritage embodies the great wisdom used by the ancients over thousands of years to create their habitats.By adhering to vernacular wisdom,the unique production modes and lifestyles shown in vernacular herit...Vernacular heritage embodies the great wisdom used by the ancients over thousands of years to create their habitats.By adhering to vernacular wisdom,the unique production modes and lifestyles shown in vernacular heritage created an ideal harmonious living environment in consensus with nature using orderly and rational methods for using natural resources.This study analyses the value of vernacular wisdom,establishes a content system based on three factors,i.e.,human needs,productivity and nature from the perspective of the human-nature relationship,and observes that the value of vernacular wisdom is to co-ordinate responses to human-nature conflicts.The representative vernacular wisdom of Zengchong Village,a Dong village in Guizhou Province,China can be summarised into three types:wisdom about physiological needs reflected in the combination of agricultural production with highly intensive living space systems and survival skills to make the best use of everything;wisdom about security needs reflected in the barn,fire-prevention and flood-control systems;and wisdom about selfactualisation,esteem,love or belonging reflected in social interaction and self-management,religious beliefs and identity.In addition to the conservation of the built vernacular heritage,vernacular wisdom should be emphasised in village planning and management to co-ordinate responses to new human-nature conflicts.Thus,a state of balance between human needs,productivity and nature can be achieved to realise the goal of sustainable rural heritage development.展开更多
The dzong fortresses were the typical buildings for the unification of religious and governmental rulers in old Tibet.The archetype of the dzong fortress can be dated back to the 2nd century BC and evolved into those ...The dzong fortresses were the typical buildings for the unification of religious and governmental rulers in old Tibet.The archetype of the dzong fortress can be dated back to the 2nd century BC and evolved into those fortresses built on the top of the holy mountains.The Sangzhutse Fortress,popularly called‘Little Potala’,was a hill-top building located in the centre of Shigatse city and was the grandest landmark among all local dzong fortresses of Tibet since the 14^(th)century.It acted as the commanding point of the city skyline,and the spiritual anchor for the locals.Unfortunately,it was destroyed during the political turmoil in the 1960s.From 2004 to 2010,under the sponsorship of the Shanghai Municipal Government in cooperation with the local Tibetan authority,the team of the Design Institute of Tongji University completed research work of the dzong fortress,developing the whole design from the initial sketches to building construction plans,and surveying the construction process.The consolidation of the remaining structure and the restoration of the original skyline of the fortress were achieved through the organic combination of local traditional materials and crafts with new building technologies,producing a new living landmark of Shigatse city while maintaining its remains.The interior space,designed as the first museum in Shigatse and Western Tibet,was opened in 2010.展开更多
Rural tourism is an important means of comprehensively promoting the rural revitalisation of industry andpractising the concept of“two mountains theory”.Rural tourism transforms the resource advantages of rural area...Rural tourism is an important means of comprehensively promoting the rural revitalisation of industry andpractising the concept of“two mountains theory”.Rural tourism transforms the resource advantages of rural areasinto economic advantages,but its development entails problems such as the unfair distribution of benefits,uncleardistribution mechanisms,and the non-standardised compensation of benefits.Therefore,finding a mode of governance of rural tourism that can effectively achieve sustainable development is an urgent issue that warrants attention.Taking Jukou Township in Fujian Province as a case,this study constructs a logical framework linking theEco-bank model and rural tourism governance and reveals the practicality and sustainability of rural tourism governance under the Eco-bank model.The study shows the following.(1)As a kind of innovative mechanism forachieving the transformation of resource value through the participation of multiple subjects,the Eco-bank modelsolves the development dilemma of rural tourism through the integration of decentralised resource managementrights,the establishment of property rights constraints and supervision mechanisms for the coordination of stakeholder interests,and the linkage and development of internal and external resources of the countryside.(2)JukouTownship has built a resource operation platform for“ancient house Eco-bank”based on ancient house resourcesand ecological tourism resources.The construction of a rural governance mechanism that combines village collectives,new township elites,villagers,high-end art operation units,and multiple institutional governance entities effectively converts idle ancient houses and high-quality ecological tourism resources into assets and funds to promote the development and growth of the rural collective economy while effectively promoting the stable and sustainable development of the cultural tourism industry in Jukou Township.展开更多
Over the past two decades,building culture has increasingly caught the attention of the architectural and planning professions.The building culture is to be understood in the broadest sense as the sum of all cultural,...Over the past two decades,building culture has increasingly caught the attention of the architectural and planning professions.The building culture is to be understood in the broadest sense as the sum of all cultural,economic,technological,social and ecological factors influencing the quality and process of planning and construction.While the revitalisation and promotion of building culture is central to discussions on urban areas,these are generally ignored in regard to rural areas.This article aims to provide an overview of how building culture has been promoted in Germany’s rural areas,thereby contributing to international research on this topic.The paper adopts a general descriptive approach in examining the promotion of building culture in rural Germany.It provides background knowledge on institutional promotion and demonstrates the diverse approaches implemented in representative villages as best practices examples.The German experience confirms that the promotion of building culture is a meaningful and effective measure to help revitalise rural areas.Moreover,the three selected rural municipalities show how stakeholders from civil society are increasingly involved in measures to implement and promote building culture in the local context.展开更多
During the last decade,countryside conservation and rural revitalisation have gained increasing public attention in Hong Kong,after the recent launching of conservation policies and funding mechanisms.Occurring primar...During the last decade,countryside conservation and rural revitalisation have gained increasing public attention in Hong Kong,after the recent launching of conservation policies and funding mechanisms.Occurring primarily between the city’s urban cores and the natural wilderness,countryside conservation is promoted not because of a desire to retain the rural landscape for traditional farming,but rather,it is done more for urbanites to rediscover and enjoy the cultural diversity and natural environments.展开更多
This paper discusses the cocreation of an emergent place-identity in a Hakka household in the Hong Kong region countryside triggered by architectural restoration.Located in Kuk Po,a quintessential Hakka village that w...This paper discusses the cocreation of an emergent place-identity in a Hakka household in the Hong Kong region countryside triggered by architectural restoration.Located in Kuk Po,a quintessential Hakka village that was established over 300 years ago,Yeung House was restored by the research team under a government-funded initiative to regenerate architectural values.Rebuilt in 1967,Yeung House has experienced decay and evolution over the years.It signifies the adaptive lifestyle of Hakka immigrants through its adapted siting,hybrid tectonics and modernised features.After restoration,Yeung House was repurposed into a base for education and research managed by the three houseowning villagers.Different activities were initiated by the villagers and coarranged by the research team.As a serendipitous outcome,the front yard of Yeung House has been activated into a multifunctional communal space.Subsequently,it is argued that a place-identity has emerged in Ng To and is influenced by the distinctiveness of the restored Yeung House and the continuity of the front yard.New meanings of the place have been created by the villagers through the practice of a potential,alternative lifestyle in the rural-urban parallel.展开更多
文摘At dawn in Wufu Village,in Dinghu District of Zhaoqing City,Guangdong Province,the newly restored Chaoyangli Cultural Retreat is already welcoming its first visitors.A visitor surnamed Chen,who has travelled from Guangzhou with his child,stops in front of the Chaxi Academy to admire local intangible cultural heritage crafts.
文摘The revitalisation of rural areas involves complex power dynamics and interests.This study focuses on multi-stakeholder collaboration within the creative transformation of villages,examining how stakeholder dynamics and identity affect project outcomes.Comparing cases from China's mainland and Taiwan of China,it combines spatial production theory with relational art perspectives to analyse the interplay of power structures,development models,and identity conflicts in artistic community building.Findings indicate:(1)Artistic rural revitalisation must prioritise the interweaving of economic,cultural,and social objectives alongside the cultivation of local creative resources;(2)place-making initiatives strengthen local social bonds and emotional attachment through public spaces and community art;(3)non-governmental organisations,acting as intermediaries for policy implementation,enhance the social innovation efficacy of rural governance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 51378212).
文摘During rapid urban expansion,historic districts that are overtaken by the urban core can experience divergent fates.Some districts that have catered to tourism and commercial real estate have undergone architectural and lifestyle changes,thus resulting in the loss of folk culture.Additionally,as a result of funding shortages or property disputes,other districts appear to have decayed but have regained attention,as the collective memory of these districts is valued.This paper uses Shiqiao Town in Chengdu,China,as a case study to explore the redevelopment of historic districts,with a focus on preserving and revitalising collective memory during urban expansion.Via participant observations,semistructured interviews,netnography,natural language processing,and policy content reviews,this paper investigated collective memories based on the everyday lives and public perceptions of residents,with the aim of facilitating interactions between social groups,historic districts,and the city.Unlike previous practices related to creative destruction,current redevelopment practices offer opportunities for physical preservation and the representation of collective memory,thereby attaining a mutually beneficial outcome for both economic development and heritage conservation.The goal of this initiative is to promote the continuous reconstruction of collective memory,thus forming a redevelopment framework focused on‘Original Memories’,‘Stable Linkages’,and‘Continuous Reconstruction’.This study also highlights potential issues in delayed redevelopment,such as authenticity,accuracy of cultural promotion,and resident participation,thereby offering insights for future development and similar historic districts.
文摘Worldwide interest in the cultural landscape concept-covering rural and urban spheres-is now a major theme in considerations of the management of cultural heritage places.The roots of this interconnection lie in the social,political and economic relationships between people and landscape which,in turn,is related to how human attachment to landscape plays a major role in determining our sense of place.Notably the fundamental actuality of place attachment through landscape is cross cultural.Epistemologically it crosses the boundaries of differing values across diverse cultures underscoring the fundamental cross cultural significance of landscape.Coincidentally the phenomenon of the‘rise of cultural landscapes’(Jacques 1995)has been intimately interconnected with the way in which thinking has changed-philosophically and professionally-on what heritage is.There is in effect a clear link between heritage and landscape.It is in this context that this paper addresses challenges of thinking and acting associated with China’s commitment to a rural revitalisation program.
文摘Today,rural revitalisation has become a national issue for China,and it is one that many countries also have to face.However,a rural area is not some wilderness that is open to any type of development.The long history of agricultural civilisation has left an extensive,precious heritage in rural areas;thus,revitalising rural areas has to be based on conserving that heritage.This special issue adopts the theme of‘rural heritage’:we provide a platform for dialogue between China and overseas scholars with the focus on conserving and revitalising rural heritage.There are six contributions in this special issue on matters that affect rural heritage in various countries.Among them,it is possible to understand methods of conservation design with respect to Japan’s rural heritage and follow the role of rural tourism in France.It is also possible to grasp the importance of promoting a building culture in rural parts of Germany.All these contributions offer profound insights for conserving and revitalising China’s rural heritage.This special issue also presents the thoughts of Chinese and foreign experts on recent issues related to China’s rural heritage;it provides a comprehensive introduction to the rural heritage protection system in China.Rural heritage is a complex system.Accordingly,the topics addressed in this special issue reflect the various characteristics involved.However,if readers study these articles from the perspective of the human-land relationship,they will be able to identify the deep correlations among them.
文摘Urban heritage is a vital resource that connects communities to their local identity.Unplanned developments and rapid urbanisation often harm the authenticity of historic areas,disrupting the cultural fabric and altering their character.This study introduces the Relative Positive Impact Index(RPll),a novel technique for assessing the socio-cultural impacts of urban revitalisation.The significance of RPII lies in its ability to quantitatively evaluate the impacts on the cultural fabric and integrity of historic urban areas,which is crucial for sustainable urban development.The study's objective is to apply RPII in evaluating qualitative socio-cultural characteristics in historic urban areas,with a focus on four main criteria and 16 sub-criteria,in the case of the Kuttichira precinct.The methodology integrates the analysis of published literature,a quantitative survey mapping the stakeholders'perception,and qualitative insights.This approach facilitates an in-depth understanding of how urban revitalisation affects local socio-cultural dynamics,preserving the authenticity and character of historic areas.The study reveals that the revitalisation project in Kuttichira positively impacts the socio-cultural fabric of the area,maintaining cultural integrity and addressing social challenges.These findings offer valuable insights for sustainable urban development and policymaking in historic areas.The study recommends the application of RPll in other urban precincts for comparative analysis and further development of urban development practices,contributing to informed urban policy and planning decisions.
文摘Cheng Ju, Party Branch Secretary of Dashi Village, in Chongyang County, in Central China*s Hubei Province, was the only woman among the eight NPC deputies who answered questions during the first "deputies' passage" group interview at the Great Hall of the People, in Beijing, on March 5. She suggested China should establish detailed policies and measures to attract more companies to contribute to rural revitalization, and to establish more workshops in villages to provide more employment opportunities for farmers. At present, the county has seven village Party branch secretaries who were born in the 1990s, including Cheng.
文摘Nujiang integrates culture and tourism to create new opportunities for development.Nestled deep within the Nujiang Grand Canyon,unique ethnic cultures are driving rural revitalisation in Yunnan Province’s Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture.Relying on its rich intangible cultural heritage,the region integrates agriculture,culture,and tourism to create new opportunities for once-isolated communities.
文摘This study presents the development and psychometric validation of an urban heritage sociocultural impact assessment(UHSCIA)scale to evaluate the impact of urban development projects on the sociocultural fabric of historic urban precincts.The scale was designed to facilitate a heritage-led approach to urban development,ensuring the preservation and enhancement of urban heritage assets.The study adopts a mixed-method grounded theory to prepare the item pool and construct a framework.The psychometric properties of the scale were rigorously examined through confirmatory factor analysis.The results demonstrate the scale’s reliability and validity,affirming its potential as a valuable tool for decision-makers and practitioners involved in heritage-sensitive urban development.The study concludes by discussing the implications of the UHSCIA scale and its scope for future applications.
基金funded by Chinese Scholarship Council,Grant number is 202106190027,Department of Architecture,Built Environment and Construction Engineering,Politecnico di Milan and the fieldwork was supported by Department of Architecture,Tsinghua University.
文摘Small mountain villages facing depopulation and economic issues are a common challenge in advanced economies.This work examines recent measures for sustaining rural areas through revitalisation policies focused on economic development,environmental protection,and cultural heritage preservation.Two cases are compared:Vogogna in Piedmont,Italy,and Songyang County in China.The analysis highlights the impact of policies adopted by both countries to combat the decline of small villages.Community involvement has emerged as a key factor in addressing population loss and revitalising local economies.In both cases,heritage conservation plays a crucial role in reinforcing community identity,while protecting the built environment preserves the memory and spirit of the place.Citizens-based initiatives,supported by national laws for financing cultural projects and specialised agencies for coordinated sustainable actions,demonstrate the importance of engaging local communities in revitalisation efforts,emphasising the shared challenges and solutions in similar global contexts.
文摘This article argues that China’s growing attention towards villages in recent years has contributed to transforming the concept of built heritage and helped in disseminating a holistic idea of territory that has prepared the ground for the environmental turn the country is now experiencing.This conceptual transformation was carried on by a number of converging-although independent-initiatives from different governmental institutions and has been driven by different factors,most importantly,the need to mend the development gap between urban and rural areas,and the wish to rediscover the cultural heritage of the country.The Chinese experience in village preservation was conceived as an important component of a much wider corpus of measures,driven by the rural revitalisation discourse,and should therefore be situated within this broader conceptual framework.This perspective leads to a distinctive approach to the concept of heritage and outlines a type of protection‘with Chinese characteristics’that will increasingly influence the international context.Drawn on three years of field observations and desk analysis,the article highlights some of the characters that define the Chinese experience in village preservation,analysing the most important national lists of villages and examining various cases.
基金This research was supported by the 2019 Suzhou Soft-Science Programme(grant no.SR201927)the Jiangsu Province Program of Science and Technology(grant no.BK20151244).
文摘Since the turn of the century,creative industries have displayed considerable power in transforming the social and economic landscapes of most global metropolises,including such Chinese mega-cities as Beijing and Shanghai.However,the story of creative industries does not end there.Recent studies have focused on the role of creative sector in the countryside.It has been argued that the creative sector can effectively contribute to diversifying socio-economic development in rural areas by increasing employment,enhancing the quality of life,and promoting social inclusion and community development.With the aim to chart new paths for China’s rural revitalisation and address the country’s‘three rural issues’(i.e.agriculture,rural areas and farmers),this paper examines the potentials and challenges to developing the creative sector in rural China.It first reviews the academic debate about expanding the development of creative industries from urban to rural areas.Drawing on the research and classification of creative industries in rural Western Ireland,this study identifies industries characterised by‘content creation and production’and‘creative design services’,which would have potential in rural China.The major impediments to and crucial factors for developing rural creative industries in China are investigated and appraised within the framework of‘creative people,creative place,and creative support’.After analysing emerging practices in Jiangsu Province,this paper highlights the potential of abandoned industrial complexes in rural parts of China’s coastal regions,which can act as incubators for creative industries.Those former manufacturing plants are the remains of township-village enterprises(TVEs),which constituted part of China’s flagship policy for rural regeneration in the 1980s.Not only do they have special architectural attributes favourable for creative production,but also represent the socio-economic entity of the village collective and are the carriers of cultural meanings and memories.This paper concludes with a set of recommendations for both public and private sectors.It calls for a more proactive stance from governments to promote the creative sector in rural areas and revitalise rural economies and communities through the reuse or regeneration of former TVEs.
文摘Vernacular heritage embodies the great wisdom used by the ancients over thousands of years to create their habitats.By adhering to vernacular wisdom,the unique production modes and lifestyles shown in vernacular heritage created an ideal harmonious living environment in consensus with nature using orderly and rational methods for using natural resources.This study analyses the value of vernacular wisdom,establishes a content system based on three factors,i.e.,human needs,productivity and nature from the perspective of the human-nature relationship,and observes that the value of vernacular wisdom is to co-ordinate responses to human-nature conflicts.The representative vernacular wisdom of Zengchong Village,a Dong village in Guizhou Province,China can be summarised into three types:wisdom about physiological needs reflected in the combination of agricultural production with highly intensive living space systems and survival skills to make the best use of everything;wisdom about security needs reflected in the barn,fire-prevention and flood-control systems;and wisdom about selfactualisation,esteem,love or belonging reflected in social interaction and self-management,religious beliefs and identity.In addition to the conservation of the built vernacular heritage,vernacular wisdom should be emphasised in village planning and management to co-ordinate responses to new human-nature conflicts.Thus,a state of balance between human needs,productivity and nature can be achieved to realise the goal of sustainable rural heritage development.
文摘The dzong fortresses were the typical buildings for the unification of religious and governmental rulers in old Tibet.The archetype of the dzong fortress can be dated back to the 2nd century BC and evolved into those fortresses built on the top of the holy mountains.The Sangzhutse Fortress,popularly called‘Little Potala’,was a hill-top building located in the centre of Shigatse city and was the grandest landmark among all local dzong fortresses of Tibet since the 14^(th)century.It acted as the commanding point of the city skyline,and the spiritual anchor for the locals.Unfortunately,it was destroyed during the political turmoil in the 1960s.From 2004 to 2010,under the sponsorship of the Shanghai Municipal Government in cooperation with the local Tibetan authority,the team of the Design Institute of Tongji University completed research work of the dzong fortress,developing the whole design from the initial sketches to building construction plans,and surveying the construction process.The consolidation of the remaining structure and the restoration of the original skyline of the fortress were achieved through the organic combination of local traditional materials and crafts with new building technologies,producing a new living landmark of Shigatse city while maintaining its remains.The interior space,designed as the first museum in Shigatse and Western Tibet,was opened in 2010.
基金The National Social Science Foundation of China(20BGL152)The General Project on the Protection,Inheritance and Promotion of the Yangtze River Culture in Hubei Province(HCYK2024Y09)。
文摘Rural tourism is an important means of comprehensively promoting the rural revitalisation of industry andpractising the concept of“two mountains theory”.Rural tourism transforms the resource advantages of rural areasinto economic advantages,but its development entails problems such as the unfair distribution of benefits,uncleardistribution mechanisms,and the non-standardised compensation of benefits.Therefore,finding a mode of governance of rural tourism that can effectively achieve sustainable development is an urgent issue that warrants attention.Taking Jukou Township in Fujian Province as a case,this study constructs a logical framework linking theEco-bank model and rural tourism governance and reveals the practicality and sustainability of rural tourism governance under the Eco-bank model.The study shows the following.(1)As a kind of innovative mechanism forachieving the transformation of resource value through the participation of multiple subjects,the Eco-bank modelsolves the development dilemma of rural tourism through the integration of decentralised resource managementrights,the establishment of property rights constraints and supervision mechanisms for the coordination of stakeholder interests,and the linkage and development of internal and external resources of the countryside.(2)JukouTownship has built a resource operation platform for“ancient house Eco-bank”based on ancient house resourcesand ecological tourism resources.The construction of a rural governance mechanism that combines village collectives,new township elites,villagers,high-end art operation units,and multiple institutional governance entities effectively converts idle ancient houses and high-quality ecological tourism resources into assets and funds to promote the development and growth of the rural collective economy while effectively promoting the stable and sustainable development of the cultural tourism industry in Jukou Township.
文摘Over the past two decades,building culture has increasingly caught the attention of the architectural and planning professions.The building culture is to be understood in the broadest sense as the sum of all cultural,economic,technological,social and ecological factors influencing the quality and process of planning and construction.While the revitalisation and promotion of building culture is central to discussions on urban areas,these are generally ignored in regard to rural areas.This article aims to provide an overview of how building culture has been promoted in Germany’s rural areas,thereby contributing to international research on this topic.The paper adopts a general descriptive approach in examining the promotion of building culture in rural Germany.It provides background knowledge on institutional promotion and demonstrates the diverse approaches implemented in representative villages as best practices examples.The German experience confirms that the promotion of building culture is a meaningful and effective measure to help revitalise rural areas.Moreover,the three selected rural municipalities show how stakeholders from civil society are increasingly involved in measures to implement and promote building culture in the local context.
文摘During the last decade,countryside conservation and rural revitalisation have gained increasing public attention in Hong Kong,after the recent launching of conservation policies and funding mechanisms.Occurring primarily between the city’s urban cores and the natural wilderness,countryside conservation is promoted not because of a desire to retain the rural landscape for traditional farming,but rather,it is done more for urbanites to rediscover and enjoy the cultural diversity and natural environments.
基金funded under the Countryside Conservation Funding Scheme(CCFS)by CCO,The Government of the HKSAR.
文摘This paper discusses the cocreation of an emergent place-identity in a Hakka household in the Hong Kong region countryside triggered by architectural restoration.Located in Kuk Po,a quintessential Hakka village that was established over 300 years ago,Yeung House was restored by the research team under a government-funded initiative to regenerate architectural values.Rebuilt in 1967,Yeung House has experienced decay and evolution over the years.It signifies the adaptive lifestyle of Hakka immigrants through its adapted siting,hybrid tectonics and modernised features.After restoration,Yeung House was repurposed into a base for education and research managed by the three houseowning villagers.Different activities were initiated by the villagers and coarranged by the research team.As a serendipitous outcome,the front yard of Yeung House has been activated into a multifunctional communal space.Subsequently,it is argued that a place-identity has emerged in Ng To and is influenced by the distinctiveness of the restored Yeung House and the continuity of the front yard.New meanings of the place have been created by the villagers through the practice of a potential,alternative lifestyle in the rural-urban parallel.
