The Acta Oceanologica Sinica, publishes the most recent scientific achievements in the field of ocean sciences, recently adopted ScholarOne Manuscripts to manage its submissions and peer review process. The comprehens...The Acta Oceanologica Sinica, publishes the most recent scientific achievements in the field of ocean sciences, recently adopted ScholarOne Manuscripts to manage its submissions and peer review process. The comprehensive online platform will help further promote academic exchange by streamlining the editorial and publication process： authors enjoy ease of submission and ability to track manuscript review status while editors can manage review tasks in a dynamic, frilly-integrated interface that enables the most informed decision- making.展开更多
The Acta Oceanologica Sinica, publishes the most recent scientific achievements in the field of ocean sciences, recently adopted ScholarOne Manuscripts to manage its submissions and peer review process. The comprehens...The Acta Oceanologica Sinica, publishes the most recent scientific achievements in the field of ocean sciences, recently adopted ScholarOne Manuscripts to manage its submissions and peer review process. The comprehensive online platform will help further promote academic exchange by streamlining the editorial and publication process： authors enjoy ease of submission and ability to track manuscript review status while edi- tors can manage review tasks in a dynamic, fully-integrated interface that enables the most informed decision- making.展开更多
Against the background of economic globalization and domestic deepening reform in the new era,it is of great significance to establish the basic position of competition policy in the new era for the overall work of co...Against the background of economic globalization and domestic deepening reform in the new era,it is of great significance to establish the basic position of competition policy in the new era for the overall work of comprehensively deepening reform,comprehensively governing the country by law and transforming the strategy of economic development.This paper introduces the basic connotation and great significance of China's competition policy in the new era,and on this basis analyzes and summarizes the feasible legal path of China's competition policy,which focuses on the construction of the fair audit system is analyzed,in order to boost China's economic development.展开更多
Peer review is the cornerstone in scientific publication.Although peer review has paramount importance in ensuring the quality of the published literature,it still has a number of shortcomings.The present manuscript p...Peer review is the cornerstone in scientific publication.Although peer review has paramount importance in ensuring the quality of the published literature,it still has a number of shortcomings.The present manuscript proposes a new method to improve the current peer review system by providing an interactive,dynamic platform that allows direct,anonymous interaction between the authors of submitted manuscripts and the reviewers.Such real-time interaction may help eliminate any problems related to misunderstanding or misinterpretation of the reviewer’s comments or the authors’response,and would save time while keeping the identity of both parties anonymous.展开更多
The objectives of this article are as follows: 1) to propose a university research ethics system framework, 2) to provide a brief anatomy of the Meru University of Science and Technology (MUST) Institutional Research ...The objectives of this article are as follows: 1) to propose a university research ethics system framework, 2) to provide a brief anatomy of the Meru University of Science and Technology (MUST) Institutional Research Ethics Review Committee (MIRERC), 3) to perform a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis of MIRERC, and 4) to make recommendations for improving its performance. The 13-member multi-disciplinary MIRERC was established in April 2017 to provide effective ethical oversight of research undertaken by the University’s scholarly community. Strengths of the MUST research ethics review system include a functional MIRERC, a pertinent national law and ethical guidelines, an Innovation and Enterprise Centre that could house a dedicated MIRERC Secretariat, and a supportive University Management Board. The weaknesses include lack of graduate schools to assure scientific rigor of proposals before submission to the MIRERC, lack of research ethics training in most school’s curricula, absence of a dedicated MIRERC Secretariat, undergraduate research proposals being not ethically reviewed, dearth of faculty trained in research ethics, and lack of an operating budget for MIRERC work. The opportunities include existence of about 22 accredited Institutional Research Ethics Review Committees (IRERC) in Kenya, existence of international standards and operational guidance for ethics review, availability of guidelines and codes of best ethical practices in research, existence of a free automated platform called Research for Health Innovation Organizer (RHInnO) Ethics for managing the ethics review process, and availability of external resources for strengthening IRERCs. In order to improve the performance and sustainability of the MUST research ethics system, there is need to include research ethics training in all undergraduate and post-graduate curricula, create a dynamic database of potential research ethics reviewers, allocate a percentage of the annual MUST research budget for MIRERC operations, charge a graduated fee for proposal ethics review, require all students’ and faculties’ internal and external research proposals be cleared by the MIRERC, and use the RHInnO Ethics platform to manage the ethics review process.展开更多
The article analyses several key issues which restrict the effectiveness of fund project peer review work. It analyses the evaluating theory and matter-element theory to access the expert anti-evaluation model, and al...The article analyses several key issues which restrict the effectiveness of fund project peer review work. It analyses the evaluating theory and matter-element theory to access the expert anti-evaluation model, and also studies the expert anti-evaluation index system to support the anti-evaluation method. The practical basis is the true score data of the experts which is collected from the actual anti-evaluation in Liaoning province science and technology fund project peer review system. With the practical experience of the actual project, we prove that the expert index system anti-evaluation model and expert anti-evaluation method can improve the fund project peer review work and play a positive role for the peer review work and also make the review work more scientific and more rational.展开更多
The Shenzhen Fair Competition Review System has experienced internal review and cross-examination since its inception.However,it is still dominated by the self-review of policy-making organs,with a lack of effective c...The Shenzhen Fair Competition Review System has experienced internal review and cross-examination since its inception.However,it is still dominated by the self-review of policy-making organs,with a lack of effective control and restraint mechanisms.In addition,insufficient compensatory effect of the external review has led to weak effectiveness of social supervision.Shenzhen is currently the pilot of an independent fair competition review system.The Fair Competition Commission can be set up as an independent review body.Then,the operational mechanism should be improved and the constraints and incentives should be set up scientifically.Last but not the least,by strengthening the social supervision network for fair competition review,the legality and rationality of a wide range of local regulations,rules,and normative documents will be reviewed,thereby regulating the behavior of policy-making organs.展开更多
This study investigates how government policies affect the market environment and enterprise practices.We conduct a quasi-natural experiment,with a treatment group based on enterprises'investment circumstances to ...This study investigates how government policies affect the market environment and enterprise practices.We conduct a quasi-natural experiment,with a treatment group based on enterprises'investment circumstances to examine the impact of the Fair Competition Review System(FCRS)on enterprise over-financialization.The relevant results are threefold.(1)The FCRS limits excessive cash flow by reducing the bank credit convenience and increasing the capital use cost,thereby lowering the proportion of financial investments.Simultaneously,it enhances production efficiency by stimulating corporate innovation and increasing total factor productivity,thereby promoting real investment.This dual approach effectively channels more capital into the real economy sector,preventing enterprises from becoming overly financialized.(2)The FCRS is more effective at reducing overfinancialization in state-owned enterprises,central-western regions,and areas with high market fragmentation.(3)The FCRS effectively reduces over-financialization under government self-review and joint-review regimes,but it is ineffective under third-party review.The combination of government self-review and third-party oversight is a more effective application of FCRS.Although this study concerns China's market and policy environment,policymakers in other countries considering the integration of similar policy instruments within their legal and market frameworks could learn from China's experiences with FCRS implementation to limit enterprise over-financialization and promote real economic growth.展开更多
A hydrogen energy storage system(HESS)is one of the many risingmodern green innovations,using excess energy to generate hydrogen and storing it for various purposes.With that,there have been many discussions about com...A hydrogen energy storage system(HESS)is one of the many risingmodern green innovations,using excess energy to generate hydrogen and storing it for various purposes.With that,there have been many discussions about commercializing HESS and improving it further.However,the design and sizing process can be overwhelming to comprehend with various sources to examine,and understanding optimal design methodologies is crucial to optimize a HESS design.With that,this review aims to collect and analyse a wide range of HESS studies to summarise recent studies.Two different collections of studies are studied,one was sourced by the main author for preliminary readings,and another was obtained via VOSViewer.The findings from the Web of Science platform were also examined for amore comprehensive understanding.Major findings include the People’sRepublic of China has been active in HESS research,as most works and active organizations originate from this country.HESS has been mainly researched to support power generation and balance load demands,with financial analysis being the common scope of analysis.MATLAB is a common tool used for HESS design,modelling,and optimization as it can handle complex calculations.Artificial neural network(ANN)has the potential to be used to model the HESS,but additional review is required as a formof future work.From a commercialization perspective,pressurized hydrogen tanks are ideal for hydrogen storage in a HESS,but other methods can be considered after additional research and development.From this review,it can be implied that modelling works will be the way forward for HESS research,but extensive collaborations and additional review are needed.Overall,this review summarized various takeaways that future research works on HESS can use.展开更多
Objectives:Childhood and adolescent obesity are an increasing global health concern.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of digital components and interaction types in counseling interventions for prevention...Objectives:Childhood and adolescent obesity are an increasing global health concern.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of digital components and interaction types in counseling interventions for prevention and treatment.Methods:All studies were searched in online databases and grey literature,including PubMed(Medline),Web of Science,CINAHL,Scopus,IEEE Xplore Digital Library,Journal of Medical Internet Research(JMIR),MedNar,EBSco Open Dissertations.The search period is from inception to June 2023,and the languages are Finnish,English and Swedish.The research quality was evaluated using the web-based data management system Covidence for prevalence studies.The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO(registration number:CRD42021247595).Results:In this review,4,407 studies were screened,and 22 were included.These involved 3,433 participants and 264 child-parent pairs.The digital approaches included multicomponent elements like internet platforms,text messaging,video conferencing,online communities,wearable technology,and mobile apps,allowing one-way,two-way,and face-to-face interactions.Two studies showed statistically significant effects of treatment on BMI and waist-to-hip ratio.Most interventions reported positive outcomes,with no significant differences between groups,and none showed null effects during followup.Conclusions:Digital multicomponents like mobile apps and wearables can help obese children and adolescents adopt healthier lifestyles.While these interventions show promise for obesity management,further research is needed to assess their effectiveness,particularly regarding nurses'perspectives.展开更多
Nausea and vomiting are physiological responses that react to various bodily conditions and play a protective function.Medicinal and nonmedicinal methods,including complementary medicine,treat nausea and vomiting.The ...Nausea and vomiting are physiological responses that react to various bodily conditions and play a protective function.Medicinal and nonmedicinal methods,including complementary medicine,treat nausea and vomiting.The current research aims to investigate the effectiveness of foot reflexology as a complementary medicine method for nausea and vomiting.Based on PRISMA 2020,PubMed,Web of Science,and Scopus were searched until October 2,2024,using a search strategy approved by two researchers.Only randomized controlled trial studies were included in this research.No limitations or filters were applied.The inclusion criteria were selected based on the PICOS framework,and the studies were evaluated according to the National Institutes of Health quality assessment tool,which is related to controlled intervention,and were evaluated by two researchers.Finally,six studies were included in this review.Eighty-four percent of studies were conducted in Asia.Three records are from Iran,and two are from Turkey,and one is from France.The results showed that nausea and vomiting improved in all studies.In most studies(67%),four sessions or less led to improved outcomes.Rhodes index of nausea,vomiting,and retching and visual analog scale were utilized to assess nausea and vomiting.The current systematic review indicated that foot reflexology as a noninvasive intervention could improve nausea and vomiting in patients with cancer problems,pregnancy,hemodialysis,and laparoscopic cholecystectomy。展开更多
Background:Isotonic crystalloids are recommended as the first choice for fluid therapy in acute pan-creatitis(AP),with normal saline(NS)and lactate Ringer’s(LR)used most often.Evidence based recom-mendations on the t...Background:Isotonic crystalloids are recommended as the first choice for fluid therapy in acute pan-creatitis(AP),with normal saline(NS)and lactate Ringer’s(LR)used most often.Evidence based recom-mendations on the type of fluid are conflicting and generally come from small single-center randomized controlled trials(RCTs).We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effect of balanced solutions(BS)versus NS on patient-centered clinical outcomes in AP.Methods:From four databases searched up to October 2024,we included only RCTs of adult patients with AP that compared the use of BS(including LR,acetate Ringer’s,etc.)with NS.The primary out-come was the disease advances from AP to moderately severe and severe AP(MSAP/SAP).Trial sequential analyses(TSA)were conducted to control for type-I and type-II errors and Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)was used to assess the quality of evidence.Results:Six RCTs were identified and included,involving 260 patients treated with BS and 298 patients with NS.Patients who received the BS had less MSAP/SAP[odds ratio(OR)=0.50,95%confidence in-terval(CI):0.29 to 0.85,P=0.01,I^(2)=0%;5 studies,299 patients],reduced the need of ICU admission(OR=0.60,95%CI:0.39 to 0.93,P=0.02,I^(2)=0%;5 studies,507 patients)and shorter length of hospital stay[mean difference(MD)=-0.88,95%CI:-1.48 to-0.28,P=0.004,I^(2)=0%;6 studies,558 patients;confirmed by TSA with high certainty]compared with those who received NS.The evidence for most of the clinical outcomes was rated as moderate to low due to the risk of bias,imprecision and inconsistency.Conclusions:BS,compared with NS,was associated with improved clinical outcomes in patients with AP.However,given the moderate to low quality of evidence for most of the outcomes assessed,further trials are warranted.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diabetes is an epidemic condition affecting people globally with a high rate of morbidity and mortality.While various pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options are used,diabetes is still a n...BACKGROUND Diabetes is an epidemic condition affecting people globally with a high rate of morbidity and mortality.While various pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options are used,diabetes is still a non-treatable condition.Constant attempts are made to identify newer therapies that could support better management of the diabetes condition and improve overall quality of life.Numerous studies have supported the potential role of probiotics therapy in the diabetes condition.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of triple probiotic combination on glycaemic,metabolic,oxidative stress,and inflammatory parameters in the diabetic population.METHODS Randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of the triple probiotic combination in diabetic patients were identified.The quality of the studies was evaluated using the PEDro scale while biasness between and within the studies was assessed using the Risk of Bias tool.Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan software,and sensitivity analysis was performed using OpenMeta Analyst software.The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO(CRD42-024530999).RESULTS Five good-quality clinical trials were included.Low-to-moderate risk of bias was observed.Data from 300 participants were included(150 participants in both groups).Probiotics supplementation significantly improved glycaemic and insulin parameters(glucose level:-23.86 mg/dL;insulin level:-5.02μIU/mL;HOMA-IR:-1.82 score;QUICKI:+0.02 score;HOMA-B:-16.30 score;P<0.05 for all parameters),reduced oxidative stress and improved antioxidant parameters[TAC:+92.55 mmol/L;glutathione(GSH):+40.55μmol/L;nitric oxide(NO):+6.45μmol/L;malondialdehyde(MDA):-0.48μmol/L;hs-CRP:-2.24 mg/L;P<0.05 for all parameters except GSH],and improved lipid parameters(total cholesterol(TC):-3.43 mg/dL;triglycerides(TG):-4.26 mg/dL;low-density lipoprotein:-4.62 mg/dL;very low-density lipoprotein:-0.83 mg/dL;high-density lipoprotein(HDL):+1.83 mg/dL;TC/HDL ratio:-0.25;P<0.05 for HDL and TC/HDL ratio parameters)compared to the control group.CONCLUSION The combination of L.acidophilus,L.casei,and B.bifidum is effective in diabetic patients with cardio/renal complications.Further well-designed studies are warranted to support the results of current research.展开更多
Objective This systematic review aimed to identify the predictors of recovery from dysphagia after stroke in the last ten years,thereby providing an evidence-based basis for nurses to identify high-risk patients and d...Objective This systematic review aimed to identify the predictors of recovery from dysphagia after stroke in the last ten years,thereby providing an evidence-based basis for nurses to identify high-risk patients and develop individualized rehabilitation plans to improve patient prognosis.Methods Databases including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),China Biology Medicine disc(CBMdisc),China Science and Technology Journal(VIP),WanFang,PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,Web of Science,the Cochrane Library,and Scopus were retrieved to search for literature on the predictors of recovery from dysphagia after stroke.The retrieval period was from January 2013 to December 2023.The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS)and the Prediction model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool(PROBAST).Meta-analysis was performed using Revman5.3 and Stata15.1 software.The review protocol has been registered with PROSPERO(CRD42024605570).Results A total of 1,216 results were obtained,including 599 in English and 617 in Chinese.A total of 34 studies were included,involving 156,309 patients with post-stroke dysphagia,and the rate of dysphagia recovery increased from 13.53%at 1 week to 95%at 6 months after stroke.Meta-analysis results showed that older age[OR=1.06,95%CI(1.04,1.08),P<0.001],lower BMI[OR=1.28,95%CI(1.17,1.40),P<0.001],bilateral stroke[OR=3.10,95%CI(2.04,4.72),P<0.001],higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score[OR=1.19,95%CI(1.01,1.39),P=0.030],tracheal intubation[OR=5.08,95%CI(1.57,16.39),P=0.007]and aspiration[OR=4.70,95%CI(3.06,7.20),P<0.001]were unfavorable factors for the recovery of swallowing function in patients with post-stroke dysphagia.Conclusions The lack of standardized criteria for rehabilitation assessment of post-stroke dysphagia has resulted in reported recovery rates of swallowing function exhibiting wide variability.Nurses should take targeted preventive measures for patients aged≥70 years,low BMI,bilateral stroke,high NIHSS score,tracheal intubation,and aspiration to promote the recovery of swallowing function in patients with post-stroke dysphagia.展开更多
Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the health expectations(HEs)in patients with diabetes and the factors affecting it using an integrative systematic review.Methods:A comprehensive literature search wa...Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the health expectations(HEs)in patients with diabetes and the factors affecting it using an integrative systematic review.Methods:A comprehensive literature search was conducted in databases including PubMed,Scopus,Science Direct,Google Scholar,ProQuest,CINAHL,SID,Iran Doc,and Magiran without time limitation using related keywords.The systematic literature search was performed using a guide provided by York University.Results:From a total of 1883 articles,17 of them finally met the eligibility criteria.According to the findings of this study,HE of diabetic patients was included in four categories:“dynamism,”“consequentialism,”“comprehensive care,”and“access to facilities.”Also,these expectations can be influenced by various factors,including“developments in societies,”“changing the conditions of health care systems,”and“individual factors.”Conclusions:Health professionals should pay attention to the expectations of diabetic patients who are involved in complex disease conditions and consider meeting them as a key factor in providing patient-centered care,improving health outcomes,and patient satisfaction.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the dosing,efficacy and safety of the main antileishmanial agents amphotericin B(conventional or liposomal),pentavalent antimonials,miltefosine and paromomycin recommended for the treatment of vi...Objective:To evaluate the dosing,efficacy and safety of the main antileishmanial agents amphotericin B(conventional or liposomal),pentavalent antimonials,miltefosine and paromomycin recommended for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in children.Methods:The efficacy and safety of visceral leishmaniasis treatments in children were systematically reviewed using literature from PubMed,Cochrane,clinicaltrials.gov,and Google Scholar,focusing on randomised trials with separate pediatric data(published from 2000-2024).The risk of bias of selected trials was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials(RoB 2).Reporting was done per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 checklist.Results:Of 1186 records,only 7 were eligible for qualitative synthesis.Three trials exclusively included children.The treatment regimens studied showed high heterogeneity and lacked sufficient data for a meta-analysis.Most trial arms reported efficacies over 94%for children across different regimens.Miltefosine monotherapy showed the highest rate of late treatment failures,highlighting that allometric dosing is crucial to ensure proper drug exposure in children.Safety data for children were available in only three studies with varied reporting systems of adverse events.Although regimens in this review were generally considered to be safe in children,antimonial-related cardiac toxicity remains a threat.Conclusions:This review highlights the need for pediatric-specific trials,clear presentation of pediatric data,and systematic documentation of adverse events to enhance evidence for policy-making and pediatric guideline development.展开更多
AIM:To review the success rates and complications of interventions for functional epiphora in adults.METHODS:A systematic review of English-language articles from the electronic databases PubMed,SCOPUS,and Google Scho...AIM:To review the success rates and complications of interventions for functional epiphora in adults.METHODS:A systematic review of English-language articles from the electronic databases PubMed,SCOPUS,and Google Scholar.The primary outcome was subjective resolution or improvement of epiphora symptoms.Secondary outcomes were treatment-related adverse events.Subjects above 18 years of age who underwent surgical or non-surgical treatment for functional epiphora(exhibited symptoms of epiphora with a patent lacrimal system)were included.Articles were excluded if they were 1)case reports;2)abstract only studies;3)published in a language other than English.Data extraction was performed independently by two authors.The Effective Public Health Practice Project checklist was used for quality assessment of the included studies.RESULTS:A total of 762 articles were identified;28 met the study criteria.Most studies employed silicone tube intubation alone or as an adjuvant procedure to dacryocystorhinostomy(DCR).Other interventions included lacrimal probing,balloon dacryoplasty,lateral tarsal strip and botulinum toxin A.DCR had the highest success rate,as well as the longest mean follow-up time.Complications were minor,transient,and mostly stent-related.CONCLUSION:This updated systematic review on the success rates of interventions for functional epiphora in adults proposes the following management algorithm.Dacryocystography(DCG)should be performed in all patients with functional epiphora.If DCG is abnormal,we advocate DCR.If DCG is normal,proceed with dacryoscintigraphy(DSG).We perform DCR for post-sac delay on DSG and lateral tarsal strip for pre-sac delay.Botulinum toxin A is an off-label,short-term treatment option in those with normal DSG.展开更多
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome is associated with hepatic encephalopathy(HE),but research results on the gut microbiome characteristics of patients with liver cirrhosis with and without HE are inconsistent.AIM To study...BACKGROUND The gut microbiome is associated with hepatic encephalopathy(HE),but research results on the gut microbiome characteristics of patients with liver cirrhosis with and without HE are inconsistent.AIM To study the gut microbiota characteristics of patients with liver cirrhosis with and without HE.METHODS We searched the PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and Cochrane databases using two keywords,HE,and gut microbiome.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,suitable literature was screened to extract data on the diversity and composition of the fecal microbiota in patients with liver cirrhosis with and without HE.The data were analyzed using RevMan and STATA.RESULTS Seventeen studies were included:(1)A meta-analysis of 7 studies revealed that the Shannon index in liver cirrhosis patients with HE was significantly lower than that in patients without HE[-0.20,95%confidence interval(CI):-0.28 to-0.13,I2=20%];(2)The relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae(-2.73,95%CI:-4.58 to-0.87,I2=38%)and Ruminococcaceae(-2.93,95%CI:-4.29 to-1.56,I2=0%)in liver cirrhosis patients with HE was significantly lower than those in patients without HE;(3)In patients with HE,Enterococcus,Proteobacteria,Enterococcaceae,and Enterobacteriaceae proportions increased,but Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae,Prevotellaceae,and Bacteroidetes proportions decreased;(4)Differences in the fecal metabolome between liver cirrhosis patients with and without HE were detected;and(5)Differential gut microbiomes may serve as diagnostic and prognostic tools.CONCLUSION The gut microbiomes of patients with liver cirrhosis with and without HE differ.Some gut microbiomes may distinguish liver cirrhosis patients with or without HE and determine patient prognosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid cancer(PTC)often recurs following surgical excision,necessitating reliable long-term screening techniques after initial management.Ultrasound scans have a poor predictive value and biopsy ...BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid cancer(PTC)often recurs following surgical excision,necessitating reliable long-term screening techniques after initial management.Ultrasound scans have a poor predictive value and biopsy and genetic testing have a low sensitivity.Biomarker detection,including thyroglobulin,has reduced accuracy as residual thyroid tissue remains following surgery.Serum/tissue microRNA detection offers a promising alternative to screen for thyroid malignancy.Based on our previous systematic review,miR-146,miR-221 and miR-222 appear most strongly associated with PTC.AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis,evaluating the use of circulating miR-146,miRNA-221 and miR-222 in PTC diagnosis and staging.METHODS A systematic literature search of MEDLINE,Scopus and the EMBASE library was performed.Human participants of any age,sex or geographical distribution were considered.Original studies assessing the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of circulating serum miRNAs in histologically-confirmed PTC were included.Proportion and regression meta-analyses(logit-transformed)were conducted.PRISMA guidelines were followed throughout the process.RESULTS Among the 1530 studies screened,6 met the inclusion criteria,reporting non-overlapping populations.For the diagnosis of PTC vs benign nodules(BN),the pooled sensitivity of miR-146 was 80.7%(95%CI:65.2%-90.4%),specificity was 66.9%(95%CI:55.5%-76.6%),and false positive rate was 33.1%(95%CI:23.4%-44.5%).Pooled sensitivity,specificity and false positive rate of miR-222 for diagnosis of PTC vs BN was 64.3%(95%CI:50.3%-76.2%),88.8%(95%CI:82.4%-93%)and 11.2%(95%CI:7%-17.6%)respectively.Pooled sensitivity,specificity and false positive rate of miR-221 in this population demonstrated reduced accuracy.Pooled sensitivity and specificity of PTC vs healthy controls for total serum miRNAs were 82%(95%CI:77%-86%)and 84%(95%CI:76%-90%)respectively.The summary area under receiver operating characteristic curve value for the same analysis was 0.89(95%CI:0.86-0.92).CONCLUSION miRNA-146 and miRNA-222 were most sensitive,validating their efficacy in PTC diagnosis.Larger studies are needed for confident population generalisability.Use of two-MRNA types in conjunction needs to be assessed.展开更多
BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation(AF)is a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia associated with significant morbidity and mortality,particularly in patients with concomitant renal dysfunction.Anticoagulation therapy reduces the r...BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation(AF)is a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia associated with significant morbidity and mortality,particularly in patients with concomitant renal dysfunction.Anticoagulation therapy reduces the risk of thromboembolic complications in AF but presents challenges in patients with renal impairment due to altered pharmacokinetics and increased bleeding risk.AIM To support clinicians in navigating the complexities of anticoagulation in this high-risk population,ensuring optimal outcomes.METHODS The present review followed PRISMA guidelines.Data extraction was conducted using a standardized template that captured key study characteristics:Population demographics,renal function metrics,anticoagulant dosing strategies,and primary and secondary outcomes.For quality assessment,we employed the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool for randomized controlled trials.Observational studies were appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.RESULTS We analyze data from 16 studies to provide recommendations on optimal anticoagulation strategies,balancing thrombotic and bleeding risks.Current evidence supports the preferential use of apixaban in moderate chronic kidney disease and cautiously in end-stage renal disease,emphasizing the importance of individualized therapy.CONCLUSION The management of anticoagulation in AF patients with renal dysfunction is challenging but critical for reducing stroke risk.展开更多
文摘The Acta Oceanologica Sinica, publishes the most recent scientific achievements in the field of ocean sciences, recently adopted ScholarOne Manuscripts to manage its submissions and peer review process. The comprehensive online platform will help further promote academic exchange by streamlining the editorial and publication process： authors enjoy ease of submission and ability to track manuscript review status while editors can manage review tasks in a dynamic, frilly-integrated interface that enables the most informed decision- making.
文摘The Acta Oceanologica Sinica, publishes the most recent scientific achievements in the field of ocean sciences, recently adopted ScholarOne Manuscripts to manage its submissions and peer review process. The comprehensive online platform will help further promote academic exchange by streamlining the editorial and publication process： authors enjoy ease of submission and ability to track manuscript review status while edi- tors can manage review tasks in a dynamic, fully-integrated interface that enables the most informed decision- making.
文摘Against the background of economic globalization and domestic deepening reform in the new era,it is of great significance to establish the basic position of competition policy in the new era for the overall work of comprehensively deepening reform,comprehensively governing the country by law and transforming the strategy of economic development.This paper introduces the basic connotation and great significance of China's competition policy in the new era,and on this basis analyzes and summarizes the feasible legal path of China's competition policy,which focuses on the construction of the fair audit system is analyzed,in order to boost China's economic development.
文摘Peer review is the cornerstone in scientific publication.Although peer review has paramount importance in ensuring the quality of the published literature,it still has a number of shortcomings.The present manuscript proposes a new method to improve the current peer review system by providing an interactive,dynamic platform that allows direct,anonymous interaction between the authors of submitted manuscripts and the reviewers.Such real-time interaction may help eliminate any problems related to misunderstanding or misinterpretation of the reviewer’s comments or the authors’response,and would save time while keeping the identity of both parties anonymous.
文摘The objectives of this article are as follows: 1) to propose a university research ethics system framework, 2) to provide a brief anatomy of the Meru University of Science and Technology (MUST) Institutional Research Ethics Review Committee (MIRERC), 3) to perform a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis of MIRERC, and 4) to make recommendations for improving its performance. The 13-member multi-disciplinary MIRERC was established in April 2017 to provide effective ethical oversight of research undertaken by the University’s scholarly community. Strengths of the MUST research ethics review system include a functional MIRERC, a pertinent national law and ethical guidelines, an Innovation and Enterprise Centre that could house a dedicated MIRERC Secretariat, and a supportive University Management Board. The weaknesses include lack of graduate schools to assure scientific rigor of proposals before submission to the MIRERC, lack of research ethics training in most school’s curricula, absence of a dedicated MIRERC Secretariat, undergraduate research proposals being not ethically reviewed, dearth of faculty trained in research ethics, and lack of an operating budget for MIRERC work. The opportunities include existence of about 22 accredited Institutional Research Ethics Review Committees (IRERC) in Kenya, existence of international standards and operational guidance for ethics review, availability of guidelines and codes of best ethical practices in research, existence of a free automated platform called Research for Health Innovation Organizer (RHInnO) Ethics for managing the ethics review process, and availability of external resources for strengthening IRERCs. In order to improve the performance and sustainability of the MUST research ethics system, there is need to include research ethics training in all undergraduate and post-graduate curricula, create a dynamic database of potential research ethics reviewers, allocate a percentage of the annual MUST research budget for MIRERC operations, charge a graduated fee for proposal ethics review, require all students’ and faculties’ internal and external research proposals be cleared by the MIRERC, and use the RHInnO Ethics platform to manage the ethics review process.
文摘The article analyses several key issues which restrict the effectiveness of fund project peer review work. It analyses the evaluating theory and matter-element theory to access the expert anti-evaluation model, and also studies the expert anti-evaluation index system to support the anti-evaluation method. The practical basis is the true score data of the experts which is collected from the actual anti-evaluation in Liaoning province science and technology fund project peer review system. With the practical experience of the actual project, we prove that the expert index system anti-evaluation model and expert anti-evaluation method can improve the fund project peer review work and play a positive role for the peer review work and also make the review work more scientific and more rational.
基金a phase research result of the 2022 Shenzhen Philosophy and Social Planning Project“Research on the Innovation of Shenzhen Fair Competition Review System”(SZ2022D014).
文摘The Shenzhen Fair Competition Review System has experienced internal review and cross-examination since its inception.However,it is still dominated by the self-review of policy-making organs,with a lack of effective control and restraint mechanisms.In addition,insufficient compensatory effect of the external review has led to weak effectiveness of social supervision.Shenzhen is currently the pilot of an independent fair competition review system.The Fair Competition Commission can be set up as an independent review body.Then,the operational mechanism should be improved and the constraints and incentives should be set up scientifically.Last but not the least,by strengthening the social supervision network for fair competition review,the legality and rationality of a wide range of local regulations,rules,and normative documents will be reviewed,thereby regulating the behavior of policy-making organs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71971194).
文摘This study investigates how government policies affect the market environment and enterprise practices.We conduct a quasi-natural experiment,with a treatment group based on enterprises'investment circumstances to examine the impact of the Fair Competition Review System(FCRS)on enterprise over-financialization.The relevant results are threefold.(1)The FCRS limits excessive cash flow by reducing the bank credit convenience and increasing the capital use cost,thereby lowering the proportion of financial investments.Simultaneously,it enhances production efficiency by stimulating corporate innovation and increasing total factor productivity,thereby promoting real investment.This dual approach effectively channels more capital into the real economy sector,preventing enterprises from becoming overly financialized.(2)The FCRS is more effective at reducing overfinancialization in state-owned enterprises,central-western regions,and areas with high market fragmentation.(3)The FCRS effectively reduces over-financialization under government self-review and joint-review regimes,but it is ineffective under third-party review.The combination of government self-review and third-party oversight is a more effective application of FCRS.Although this study concerns China's market and policy environment,policymakers in other countries considering the integration of similar policy instruments within their legal and market frameworks could learn from China's experiences with FCRS implementation to limit enterprise over-financialization and promote real economic growth.
文摘A hydrogen energy storage system(HESS)is one of the many risingmodern green innovations,using excess energy to generate hydrogen and storing it for various purposes.With that,there have been many discussions about commercializing HESS and improving it further.However,the design and sizing process can be overwhelming to comprehend with various sources to examine,and understanding optimal design methodologies is crucial to optimize a HESS design.With that,this review aims to collect and analyse a wide range of HESS studies to summarise recent studies.Two different collections of studies are studied,one was sourced by the main author for preliminary readings,and another was obtained via VOSViewer.The findings from the Web of Science platform were also examined for amore comprehensive understanding.Major findings include the People’sRepublic of China has been active in HESS research,as most works and active organizations originate from this country.HESS has been mainly researched to support power generation and balance load demands,with financial analysis being the common scope of analysis.MATLAB is a common tool used for HESS design,modelling,and optimization as it can handle complex calculations.Artificial neural network(ANN)has the potential to be used to model the HESS,but additional review is required as a formof future work.From a commercialization perspective,pressurized hydrogen tanks are ideal for hydrogen storage in a HESS,but other methods can be considered after additional research and development.From this review,it can be implied that modelling works will be the way forward for HESS research,but extensive collaborations and additional review are needed.Overall,this review summarized various takeaways that future research works on HESS can use.
文摘Objectives:Childhood and adolescent obesity are an increasing global health concern.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of digital components and interaction types in counseling interventions for prevention and treatment.Methods:All studies were searched in online databases and grey literature,including PubMed(Medline),Web of Science,CINAHL,Scopus,IEEE Xplore Digital Library,Journal of Medical Internet Research(JMIR),MedNar,EBSco Open Dissertations.The search period is from inception to June 2023,and the languages are Finnish,English and Swedish.The research quality was evaluated using the web-based data management system Covidence for prevalence studies.The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO(registration number:CRD42021247595).Results:In this review,4,407 studies were screened,and 22 were included.These involved 3,433 participants and 264 child-parent pairs.The digital approaches included multicomponent elements like internet platforms,text messaging,video conferencing,online communities,wearable technology,and mobile apps,allowing one-way,two-way,and face-to-face interactions.Two studies showed statistically significant effects of treatment on BMI and waist-to-hip ratio.Most interventions reported positive outcomes,with no significant differences between groups,and none showed null effects during followup.Conclusions:Digital multicomponents like mobile apps and wearables can help obese children and adolescents adopt healthier lifestyles.While these interventions show promise for obesity management,further research is needed to assess their effectiveness,particularly regarding nurses'perspectives.
文摘Nausea and vomiting are physiological responses that react to various bodily conditions and play a protective function.Medicinal and nonmedicinal methods,including complementary medicine,treat nausea and vomiting.The current research aims to investigate the effectiveness of foot reflexology as a complementary medicine method for nausea and vomiting.Based on PRISMA 2020,PubMed,Web of Science,and Scopus were searched until October 2,2024,using a search strategy approved by two researchers.Only randomized controlled trial studies were included in this research.No limitations or filters were applied.The inclusion criteria were selected based on the PICOS framework,and the studies were evaluated according to the National Institutes of Health quality assessment tool,which is related to controlled intervention,and were evaluated by two researchers.Finally,six studies were included in this review.Eighty-four percent of studies were conducted in Asia.Three records are from Iran,and two are from Turkey,and one is from France.The results showed that nausea and vomiting improved in all studies.In most studies(67%),four sessions or less led to improved outcomes.Rhodes index of nausea,vomiting,and retching and visual analog scale were utilized to assess nausea and vomiting.The current systematic review indicated that foot reflexology as a noninvasive intervention could improve nausea and vomiting in patients with cancer problems,pregnancy,hemodialysis,and laparoscopic cholecystectomy。
文摘Background:Isotonic crystalloids are recommended as the first choice for fluid therapy in acute pan-creatitis(AP),with normal saline(NS)and lactate Ringer’s(LR)used most often.Evidence based recom-mendations on the type of fluid are conflicting and generally come from small single-center randomized controlled trials(RCTs).We therefore conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effect of balanced solutions(BS)versus NS on patient-centered clinical outcomes in AP.Methods:From four databases searched up to October 2024,we included only RCTs of adult patients with AP that compared the use of BS(including LR,acetate Ringer’s,etc.)with NS.The primary out-come was the disease advances from AP to moderately severe and severe AP(MSAP/SAP).Trial sequential analyses(TSA)were conducted to control for type-I and type-II errors and Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)was used to assess the quality of evidence.Results:Six RCTs were identified and included,involving 260 patients treated with BS and 298 patients with NS.Patients who received the BS had less MSAP/SAP[odds ratio(OR)=0.50,95%confidence in-terval(CI):0.29 to 0.85,P=0.01,I^(2)=0%;5 studies,299 patients],reduced the need of ICU admission(OR=0.60,95%CI:0.39 to 0.93,P=0.02,I^(2)=0%;5 studies,507 patients)and shorter length of hospital stay[mean difference(MD)=-0.88,95%CI:-1.48 to-0.28,P=0.004,I^(2)=0%;6 studies,558 patients;confirmed by TSA with high certainty]compared with those who received NS.The evidence for most of the clinical outcomes was rated as moderate to low due to the risk of bias,imprecision and inconsistency.Conclusions:BS,compared with NS,was associated with improved clinical outcomes in patients with AP.However,given the moderate to low quality of evidence for most of the outcomes assessed,further trials are warranted.
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetes is an epidemic condition affecting people globally with a high rate of morbidity and mortality.While various pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options are used,diabetes is still a non-treatable condition.Constant attempts are made to identify newer therapies that could support better management of the diabetes condition and improve overall quality of life.Numerous studies have supported the potential role of probiotics therapy in the diabetes condition.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of triple probiotic combination on glycaemic,metabolic,oxidative stress,and inflammatory parameters in the diabetic population.METHODS Randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of the triple probiotic combination in diabetic patients were identified.The quality of the studies was evaluated using the PEDro scale while biasness between and within the studies was assessed using the Risk of Bias tool.Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan software,and sensitivity analysis was performed using OpenMeta Analyst software.The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO(CRD42-024530999).RESULTS Five good-quality clinical trials were included.Low-to-moderate risk of bias was observed.Data from 300 participants were included(150 participants in both groups).Probiotics supplementation significantly improved glycaemic and insulin parameters(glucose level:-23.86 mg/dL;insulin level:-5.02μIU/mL;HOMA-IR:-1.82 score;QUICKI:+0.02 score;HOMA-B:-16.30 score;P<0.05 for all parameters),reduced oxidative stress and improved antioxidant parameters[TAC:+92.55 mmol/L;glutathione(GSH):+40.55μmol/L;nitric oxide(NO):+6.45μmol/L;malondialdehyde(MDA):-0.48μmol/L;hs-CRP:-2.24 mg/L;P<0.05 for all parameters except GSH],and improved lipid parameters(total cholesterol(TC):-3.43 mg/dL;triglycerides(TG):-4.26 mg/dL;low-density lipoprotein:-4.62 mg/dL;very low-density lipoprotein:-0.83 mg/dL;high-density lipoprotein(HDL):+1.83 mg/dL;TC/HDL ratio:-0.25;P<0.05 for HDL and TC/HDL ratio parameters)compared to the control group.CONCLUSION The combination of L.acidophilus,L.casei,and B.bifidum is effective in diabetic patients with cardio/renal complications.Further well-designed studies are warranted to support the results of current research.
文摘Objective This systematic review aimed to identify the predictors of recovery from dysphagia after stroke in the last ten years,thereby providing an evidence-based basis for nurses to identify high-risk patients and develop individualized rehabilitation plans to improve patient prognosis.Methods Databases including the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),China Biology Medicine disc(CBMdisc),China Science and Technology Journal(VIP),WanFang,PubMed,Embase,CINAHL,Web of Science,the Cochrane Library,and Scopus were retrieved to search for literature on the predictors of recovery from dysphagia after stroke.The retrieval period was from January 2013 to December 2023.The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale(NOS)and the Prediction model Risk of Bias Assessment Tool(PROBAST).Meta-analysis was performed using Revman5.3 and Stata15.1 software.The review protocol has been registered with PROSPERO(CRD42024605570).Results A total of 1,216 results were obtained,including 599 in English and 617 in Chinese.A total of 34 studies were included,involving 156,309 patients with post-stroke dysphagia,and the rate of dysphagia recovery increased from 13.53%at 1 week to 95%at 6 months after stroke.Meta-analysis results showed that older age[OR=1.06,95%CI(1.04,1.08),P<0.001],lower BMI[OR=1.28,95%CI(1.17,1.40),P<0.001],bilateral stroke[OR=3.10,95%CI(2.04,4.72),P<0.001],higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score[OR=1.19,95%CI(1.01,1.39),P=0.030],tracheal intubation[OR=5.08,95%CI(1.57,16.39),P=0.007]and aspiration[OR=4.70,95%CI(3.06,7.20),P<0.001]were unfavorable factors for the recovery of swallowing function in patients with post-stroke dysphagia.Conclusions The lack of standardized criteria for rehabilitation assessment of post-stroke dysphagia has resulted in reported recovery rates of swallowing function exhibiting wide variability.Nurses should take targeted preventive measures for patients aged≥70 years,low BMI,bilateral stroke,high NIHSS score,tracheal intubation,and aspiration to promote the recovery of swallowing function in patients with post-stroke dysphagia.
基金supported by Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran(no.9711199007).
文摘Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the health expectations(HEs)in patients with diabetes and the factors affecting it using an integrative systematic review.Methods:A comprehensive literature search was conducted in databases including PubMed,Scopus,Science Direct,Google Scholar,ProQuest,CINAHL,SID,Iran Doc,and Magiran without time limitation using related keywords.The systematic literature search was performed using a guide provided by York University.Results:From a total of 1883 articles,17 of them finally met the eligibility criteria.According to the findings of this study,HE of diabetic patients was included in four categories:“dynamism,”“consequentialism,”“comprehensive care,”and“access to facilities.”Also,these expectations can be influenced by various factors,including“developments in societies,”“changing the conditions of health care systems,”and“individual factors.”Conclusions:Health professionals should pay attention to the expectations of diabetic patients who are involved in complex disease conditions and consider meeting them as a key factor in providing patient-centered care,improving health outcomes,and patient satisfaction.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the dosing,efficacy and safety of the main antileishmanial agents amphotericin B(conventional or liposomal),pentavalent antimonials,miltefosine and paromomycin recommended for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis in children.Methods:The efficacy and safety of visceral leishmaniasis treatments in children were systematically reviewed using literature from PubMed,Cochrane,clinicaltrials.gov,and Google Scholar,focusing on randomised trials with separate pediatric data(published from 2000-2024).The risk of bias of selected trials was assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials(RoB 2).Reporting was done per the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 checklist.Results:Of 1186 records,only 7 were eligible for qualitative synthesis.Three trials exclusively included children.The treatment regimens studied showed high heterogeneity and lacked sufficient data for a meta-analysis.Most trial arms reported efficacies over 94%for children across different regimens.Miltefosine monotherapy showed the highest rate of late treatment failures,highlighting that allometric dosing is crucial to ensure proper drug exposure in children.Safety data for children were available in only three studies with varied reporting systems of adverse events.Although regimens in this review were generally considered to be safe in children,antimonial-related cardiac toxicity remains a threat.Conclusions:This review highlights the need for pediatric-specific trials,clear presentation of pediatric data,and systematic documentation of adverse events to enhance evidence for policy-making and pediatric guideline development.
文摘AIM:To review the success rates and complications of interventions for functional epiphora in adults.METHODS:A systematic review of English-language articles from the electronic databases PubMed,SCOPUS,and Google Scholar.The primary outcome was subjective resolution or improvement of epiphora symptoms.Secondary outcomes were treatment-related adverse events.Subjects above 18 years of age who underwent surgical or non-surgical treatment for functional epiphora(exhibited symptoms of epiphora with a patent lacrimal system)were included.Articles were excluded if they were 1)case reports;2)abstract only studies;3)published in a language other than English.Data extraction was performed independently by two authors.The Effective Public Health Practice Project checklist was used for quality assessment of the included studies.RESULTS:A total of 762 articles were identified;28 met the study criteria.Most studies employed silicone tube intubation alone or as an adjuvant procedure to dacryocystorhinostomy(DCR).Other interventions included lacrimal probing,balloon dacryoplasty,lateral tarsal strip and botulinum toxin A.DCR had the highest success rate,as well as the longest mean follow-up time.Complications were minor,transient,and mostly stent-related.CONCLUSION:This updated systematic review on the success rates of interventions for functional epiphora in adults proposes the following management algorithm.Dacryocystography(DCG)should be performed in all patients with functional epiphora.If DCG is abnormal,we advocate DCR.If DCG is normal,proceed with dacryoscintigraphy(DSG).We perform DCR for post-sac delay on DSG and lateral tarsal strip for pre-sac delay.Botulinum toxin A is an off-label,short-term treatment option in those with normal DSG.
文摘BACKGROUND The gut microbiome is associated with hepatic encephalopathy(HE),but research results on the gut microbiome characteristics of patients with liver cirrhosis with and without HE are inconsistent.AIM To study the gut microbiota characteristics of patients with liver cirrhosis with and without HE.METHODS We searched the PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and Cochrane databases using two keywords,HE,and gut microbiome.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,suitable literature was screened to extract data on the diversity and composition of the fecal microbiota in patients with liver cirrhosis with and without HE.The data were analyzed using RevMan and STATA.RESULTS Seventeen studies were included:(1)A meta-analysis of 7 studies revealed that the Shannon index in liver cirrhosis patients with HE was significantly lower than that in patients without HE[-0.20,95%confidence interval(CI):-0.28 to-0.13,I2=20%];(2)The relative abundances of Lachnospiraceae(-2.73,95%CI:-4.58 to-0.87,I2=38%)and Ruminococcaceae(-2.93,95%CI:-4.29 to-1.56,I2=0%)in liver cirrhosis patients with HE was significantly lower than those in patients without HE;(3)In patients with HE,Enterococcus,Proteobacteria,Enterococcaceae,and Enterobacteriaceae proportions increased,but Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae,Prevotellaceae,and Bacteroidetes proportions decreased;(4)Differences in the fecal metabolome between liver cirrhosis patients with and without HE were detected;and(5)Differential gut microbiomes may serve as diagnostic and prognostic tools.CONCLUSION The gut microbiomes of patients with liver cirrhosis with and without HE differ.Some gut microbiomes may distinguish liver cirrhosis patients with or without HE and determine patient prognosis.
文摘BACKGROUND Papillary thyroid cancer(PTC)often recurs following surgical excision,necessitating reliable long-term screening techniques after initial management.Ultrasound scans have a poor predictive value and biopsy and genetic testing have a low sensitivity.Biomarker detection,including thyroglobulin,has reduced accuracy as residual thyroid tissue remains following surgery.Serum/tissue microRNA detection offers a promising alternative to screen for thyroid malignancy.Based on our previous systematic review,miR-146,miR-221 and miR-222 appear most strongly associated with PTC.AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis,evaluating the use of circulating miR-146,miRNA-221 and miR-222 in PTC diagnosis and staging.METHODS A systematic literature search of MEDLINE,Scopus and the EMBASE library was performed.Human participants of any age,sex or geographical distribution were considered.Original studies assessing the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of circulating serum miRNAs in histologically-confirmed PTC were included.Proportion and regression meta-analyses(logit-transformed)were conducted.PRISMA guidelines were followed throughout the process.RESULTS Among the 1530 studies screened,6 met the inclusion criteria,reporting non-overlapping populations.For the diagnosis of PTC vs benign nodules(BN),the pooled sensitivity of miR-146 was 80.7%(95%CI:65.2%-90.4%),specificity was 66.9%(95%CI:55.5%-76.6%),and false positive rate was 33.1%(95%CI:23.4%-44.5%).Pooled sensitivity,specificity and false positive rate of miR-222 for diagnosis of PTC vs BN was 64.3%(95%CI:50.3%-76.2%),88.8%(95%CI:82.4%-93%)and 11.2%(95%CI:7%-17.6%)respectively.Pooled sensitivity,specificity and false positive rate of miR-221 in this population demonstrated reduced accuracy.Pooled sensitivity and specificity of PTC vs healthy controls for total serum miRNAs were 82%(95%CI:77%-86%)and 84%(95%CI:76%-90%)respectively.The summary area under receiver operating characteristic curve value for the same analysis was 0.89(95%CI:0.86-0.92).CONCLUSION miRNA-146 and miRNA-222 were most sensitive,validating their efficacy in PTC diagnosis.Larger studies are needed for confident population generalisability.Use of two-MRNA types in conjunction needs to be assessed.
文摘BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation(AF)is a prevalent cardiac arrhythmia associated with significant morbidity and mortality,particularly in patients with concomitant renal dysfunction.Anticoagulation therapy reduces the risk of thromboembolic complications in AF but presents challenges in patients with renal impairment due to altered pharmacokinetics and increased bleeding risk.AIM To support clinicians in navigating the complexities of anticoagulation in this high-risk population,ensuring optimal outcomes.METHODS The present review followed PRISMA guidelines.Data extraction was conducted using a standardized template that captured key study characteristics:Population demographics,renal function metrics,anticoagulant dosing strategies,and primary and secondary outcomes.For quality assessment,we employed the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool for randomized controlled trials.Observational studies were appraised using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.RESULTS We analyze data from 16 studies to provide recommendations on optimal anticoagulation strategies,balancing thrombotic and bleeding risks.Current evidence supports the preferential use of apixaban in moderate chronic kidney disease and cautiously in end-stage renal disease,emphasizing the importance of individualized therapy.CONCLUSION The management of anticoagulation in AF patients with renal dysfunction is challenging but critical for reducing stroke risk.
