This article will deal with Resultative Construction syntactically.First of all,the Unaccusative Hypothesis will be introduced,and the ideas of different scholars(mainly Levin and Rappaport) towards the question--whet...This article will deal with Resultative Construction syntactically.First of all,the Unaccusative Hypothesis will be introduced,and the ideas of different scholars(mainly Levin and Rappaport) towards the question--whether the resultative construction can serve as diagnostic test to tell unergative verbs and unaccusative verbs apart--will be presented.The second focus of the article is about the differences that tell resultative constructions apart from depicitive construction and secondary predication construction.展开更多
BACKGROUND Ampullary adenocarcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract.Currently,only a few cases have been reported,resulting in limited information on survival.AIM To develop a dynamic nomogram ...BACKGROUND Ampullary adenocarcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract.Currently,only a few cases have been reported,resulting in limited information on survival.AIM To develop a dynamic nomogram using internal and external validation to predict survival in patients with ampullary adenocarcinoma.METHODS Data were sourced from the surveillance,epidemiology,and end results stat database.The patients in the database were randomized in a 7:3 ratio into training and validation groups.Using Cox regression univariate and multivariate analyses in the training group,we identified independent risk factors for overall survival and cancer-specific survival to develop the nomogram.The nomogram was validated with a cohort of patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University.RESULTS For overall and cancer-specific survival,12(sex,age,race,lymph node ratio,tumor size,chemotherapy,surgical modality,T stage,tumor differentiation,brain metastasis,lung metastasis,and extension)and 6(age;surveillance,epidemiology,and end results stage;lymph node ratio;chemotherapy;surgical modality;and tumor differentiation)independent risk factors,respectively,were incorporated into the nomogram.The area under the curve values at 1,3,and 5 years,respectively,were 0.807,0.842,and 0.826 for overall survival and 0.816,0.835,and 0.841 for cancer-specific survival.The internal and external validation cohorts indicated good consistency of the nomogram.CONCLUSION The dynamic nomogram offers robust predictive efficacy for the overall and cancer-specific survival of ampullary adenocarcinoma.展开更多
Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Bejjing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on bchalf of KcAi Communications Co,Ltd.)is an intecrnational,pcer-reviewed open access journal bclongi...Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Bejjing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on bchalf of KcAi Communications Co,Ltd.)is an intecrnational,pcer-reviewed open access journal bclonging to the disciplinc of food scicnce and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latcst rescarch results of high-tcch in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the ficld of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligencc and high technology.展开更多
Retrieval analysis in total knee arthroplasty(TKA)has been little studied in the literature.A narrative review of the literature to understand the current importance of retrieval analysis in TKA has been conducted.On ...Retrieval analysis in total knee arthroplasty(TKA)has been little studied in the literature.A narrative review of the literature to understand the current importance of retrieval analysis in TKA has been conducted.On August 27,2024,a literature search was performed in PubMed using“TKA retrieval analysis”as keywords.A total of 160 articles were found,of which only 19 were analyzed because they were directly related to the subject of this article.Rotating-platform(mobile-bearing)TKA has no surface damage advantage over fixed-bearing TKA.TKAs with central locking mechanisms are more prone to debond from the cement mantle.No major wear of the polyethylene(PE)component in TKA using oxidized zirconium components occurs.Femoral components of cobalt-chromium roughen more than oxidized zirconium femoral components.The use of a polished tibial tray over an unpolished design is advised.At short-run assessment(15 months on average),antioxidant-stabilized highly crosslinked PE components are not clinically different in surface damage,density of crosslinking,or oxidation compared to standard remelted highly crosslinked PE components.A correlation between implant position and PE component surface damage has been reported.It shows the importance of optimizing component position to reduce PE component damage.Contemporary knee tumor megaendoprostheses show notable volumetric metal wear originated at the rotating hinge.Retrieval analysis in TKA renders relevant data on how different prosthetic designs described in the literature perform.Such information can help to improve future prosthetic designs to increase prosthetic survival.展开更多
Types of paper Research Article A complete report on original research.A clear structure is required,including introduction,material and methods,results and discussion,conclusions generally.
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is a significant global health concern,characterized by high mortality rates and diverse histological types,primarily adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.AIM To analyze trends in es...BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is a significant global health concern,characterized by high mortality rates and diverse histological types,primarily adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.AIM To analyze trends in esophageal cancer using Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)data,focusing on patient characteristics,stage at diagnosis,treatment modalities,and survival outcomes,to provide insights that may guide clinical practice and public health initiatives.METHODS Age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates for esophageal cancer,2004-2021,were obtained from SEER rate sessions using SEER*Stat version 8.4.4.Average percent changes(APC)over time in age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates relative to gender,race/ethnicity,and stage at diagnosis were assessed using Joinpoint’s loglinear regression.Finally,Poisson regression was used to ascertain incidence and mortality rate ratios to ascertain associations between age,gender,race/ethnicity,and staging with incidence and mortality rates.All analyses were further stratified by gender to assess interactions between gender and the other demographic and clinical characteristics.RESULTS Overall,the data reveals significant trends in both the incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer,with notable variations across gender,race,and stage at diagnosis.Age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates were higher in males compared to females(incidence:4.1 per 100000 vs 0.9 per 100000,mortality:3.4 per 100000 vs 0.7 per 100000),P<0.001.Furthermore,the APC among males decreased more significantly over time[APC(95%CI):-1.14(-1.52 to-0.78);P<0.001].Both non-Hispanic(NH)Blacks and NH Whites showed significant decreases in cancer incidence,with NH Blacks observing a 3.27%decline and NH Whites a 0.51%decline.Patients with distant staging had a 5%APC increase in mortality rates over time(P=0.003).Additionally,mortality rates increased with age,and all minority groups showed declines in incidence and mortality compared to NH Whites.Cancer diagnosed at a distant stage had a mortality rate 4.16 times higher than in situ cases.CONCLUSION The analysis reveals clear disparities in both the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer,with males,particularly NH Whites,experiencing significantly higher rates than females.Despite a general decline in incidence rates over time,the upward trend in mortality for certain subgroups warrants further investigation into potential contributing factors such as healthcare access,treatment efficacy,and underlying socio-economic disparities.展开更多
Article Categories⋅Research article is a complete academic investigation that covers a significant advance in a specialty.It usually includes a structured abstract under 300 words,an introduction,sections with heading...Article Categories⋅Research article is a complete academic investigation that covers a significant advance in a specialty.It usually includes a structured abstract under 300 words,an introduction,sections with headings of Materials and Methods,Results,and Discussion,and References.Meta-analyses are published as original articles as well.The full text is about 3500 words and the figures and tables need to be kept under 7 items.展开更多
This study investigates the dynamics of pneumococcal pneumonia using a novel fractal-fractional Susceptible-Carrier-Infected-Recovered model formulated with the Atangana-Baleanu in Caputo(ABC)sense.Unlike traditional ...This study investigates the dynamics of pneumococcal pneumonia using a novel fractal-fractional Susceptible-Carrier-Infected-Recovered model formulated with the Atangana-Baleanu in Caputo(ABC)sense.Unlike traditional epidemiological models that rely on classical or Caputo fractional derivatives,the proposed model incorporates nonlocal memory effects,hereditary properties,and complex transmission dynamics through fractalfractional calculus.The Atangana-Baleanu operator,with its non-singular Mittag-Leffler kernel,ensures a more realistic representation of disease progression compared to classical integer-order models and singular kernel-based fractional models.The study establishes the existence and uniqueness of the proposed system and conducts a comprehensive stability analysis,including local and global stability.Furthermore,numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the ABC operator in capturing long-memory effects and nonlocal interactions in disease transmission.The results provide valuable insights into public health interventions,particularly in optimizing vaccination strategies,treatment approaches,and mitigation measures.By extending epidemiological modeling through fractal-fractional derivatives,this study offers an advanced framework for analyzing infectious disease dynamics with enhanced accuracy and predictive capabilities.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs)are rare malignancies frequently associated with liver metastases(LM).The benefit of primary tumor resection(PTR)in patients with unresectable LM remains controversial...BACKGROUND Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs)are rare malignancies frequently associated with liver metastases(LM).The benefit of primary tumor resection(PTR)in patients with unresectable LM remains controversial.This study evaluates the impact of PTR on overall survival(OS)and tumor grading by integrating evidence from a systematic review,meta-analysis,and Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database analysis.AIM To evaluate the survival benefits of PTR in patients with PNETs and LM.METHODS This study was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines.A systematic literature search and meta-analysis were performed using five databases:PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,and CNKI,with records included up to February 2025.A total of 16 studies(n=8761;including 1 prospective and 15 retrospective studies)were included.A random-effects model was applied to pool hazard ratios for OS and odds ratios for tumor grading,with heterogeneity assessed by the I2 statistic.Risk of bias was evaluated using the ROBINS-I tool.In addition,an independent analysis based on the SEER database(n=791)was conducted using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests.RESULTS Meta-analysis results revealed that PTR significantly improved OS in patients showed that neither study design(prospective vs.retrospective)nor sample size(<400 vs≥400)significantly influenced the survival benefit.In terms of tumor grading,no statistically significant difference was observed between the surgical and non-surgical groups(odds ratio=1.60,95%confidence interval:0.70-3.63,P=0.26).Independent analysis of the SEER database(n=791)further confirmed the survival advantage of PTR across different tumor differentiation levels,with significant differences in OS between surgical and non-surgical groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION PTR significantly improves OS in PNET patients with LM.However,its effect on tumor grading remains unclear,warranting further prospective studies to refine surgical strategies for this population.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer has high global incidence and mortality rates.Colorectal polyps are relatively common,with adenomatous polyps having a higher risk of malignant transformation.Non-alcoholic fatty liver dis...BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer has high global incidence and mortality rates.Colorectal polyps are relatively common,with adenomatous polyps having a higher risk of malignant transformation.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has been identified as a risk factor for the development of colorectal adenomas.Here,inpatients with NAFLD from the Second People's Hospital of Xining,in Qinghai Province,and the Second People's Hospital of Tianjin were investigated,comparing the biochemical indicators,colonoscopy findings,and pathological results of polyps between patients from low-altitude(Tianjin)and high-altitude(Qinghai Province)areas.Risk factors associated with the occurrence of adenomatous polyps in NAFLD patients from high-altitude areas were also explored.AIM To investigate the clinical characteristics of colorectal polyps in NAFLD patients from high-altitude areas.METHODS A total of 848 patients with NAFLD were enrolled.Of these,118 underwent colonoscopy between January 2021 and January 2024 at the Second People's Hospital of Tianjin(low-altitude),while the remaining 730 patients were assessed during the same period at the Second People's Hospital of Xining,Qinghai(high-altitude).All enrolled patients met the diagnostic criteria for NAFLD,and the excised colorectal polyps were analyzed pathologically.RESULTS Colorectal polyps were found in 585 cases(80.1%)in the Qinghai cohort and 91 patients(77.1%)in the Tianjin group,indicating a slightly higher incidence in the Qinghai group,although the difference was non-significant(P=0.449,P>0.05).The two groups showed no significant difference in sex(P=0.153,P>0.05)but differed significantly in the proportion of younger patients(P<0.01),although no differences were seen in terms of middleaged and elderly patients(P>0.05).No differences in polyp numbers were observed between the two regions(P>0.05),while significant differences were found between the≤0.5 cm and>1 cm and≤2 cm proportions in both regions(P<0.05),with no differences in other size categories(P>0.05).Polyp locations(proximal colon,distal colon)also differed significantly(P<0.05).Patients in Qinghai were more prone to adenomatous polyps,accounting for 89.2%of polyps,compared to those from Tianjin(P<0.05).Patients in Qinghai had a higher incidence of tubular adenomas with low-grade dysplasia,while tubular adenomas with high-grade dysplasia predominated in patients from Tianjin(P<0.05).Patients in Tianjin had a significantly higher proportion of mixed hyperplastic-adenomatous polyps(P<0.05),as well as greater proportions of mixed hyperplastic-adenomas with low-grade dysplasia(P<0.05).The incidence of hyperplastic polyps was markedly higher in Tianjin,accounting for 58.4%(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression indicated that sex[OR=1.693,95%confidence interval(CI):1.131-2.536],smoking(OR=0.604,95%CI:0.406-0.897),hypertension(OR=0.683,95%CI:0.471-0.991),and white blood cell counts(WBC)(OR=1.091,95%CI:1.015-1.173)were risk factors for the occurrence of adenomatous polyps in patients with NAFLD in high-altitude areas(Qinghai Province).CONCLUSION Patients with NAFLD from high-altitude regions have a higher incidence of colorectal polyps,with a significantly higher incidence of adenomatous polyps compared to other polyp types.Sex,smoking,hypertension,and WBC are risk factors for adenomatous polyps in NAFLD patients in high-altitude regions.展开更多
The shear wave(S-wave)velocity is a critical rock elastic parameter in shale reservoirs,especially for evaluating shale fracability.To effectively supplement S-wave velocity under the condition of no actual measuremen...The shear wave(S-wave)velocity is a critical rock elastic parameter in shale reservoirs,especially for evaluating shale fracability.To effectively supplement S-wave velocity under the condition of no actual measurement data,this paper proposes a physically-data driven method for the S-wave velocity prediction in shale reservoirs based on the class activation mapping(CAM)technique combined with a physically constrained two-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network(2D-CNN).High-sensitivity log curves related to S-wave velocity are selected as the basis from the data sensitivity analysis.Then,we establish a petrophysical model of complex multi-mineral components based on the petrophysical properties of porous medium and the Biot-Gassmann equation.This model can help reduce the dispersion effect and constrain the 2D-CNN.In deep learning,the 2D-CNN model is optimized using the Adam,and the class activation maps(CAMs)are obtained by replacing the fully connected layer with the global average pooling(GAP)layer,resulting in explainable results.The model is then applied to wells A,B1,and B2 in the southern Songliao Basin,China and compared with the unconstrained model and the petrophysical model.The results show higher prediction accuracy and generalization ability,as evidenced by correlation coefficients and relative errors of 0.98 and 2.14%,0.97 and 2.35%,0.96 and 2.89%in the three test wells,respectively.Finally,we present the defined C-factor as a means of evaluating the extent of concern regarding CAMs in regression problems.When the results of the petrophysical model are added to the 2D feature maps,the C-factor values are significantly increased,indicating that the focus of 2D-CNN can be significantly enhanced by incorporating the petrophysical model,thereby imposing physical constraints on the 2D-CNN.In addition,we establish the SHAP model,and the results of the petrophysical model have the highest average SHAP values across the three test wells.This helps to assist in proving the importance of constraints.展开更多
Sleep is an indispensable part of life−its deficiency has significant implications for overall health and wellbeing[1].In today’s fast-paced society,sleep loss from either stressful or non-stressful origins has becom...Sleep is an indispensable part of life−its deficiency has significant implications for overall health and wellbeing[1].In today’s fast-paced society,sleep loss from either stressful or non-stressful origins has become prevalent.Specifically,active sleep deprivation(ASD),resulting from extended use of smartphones and other recreational activities,has risen as a global health issue.Clinical research has underscored a strong correlation between chronic pain and inadequate sleep[2].The relationship between pain and sleep is reciprocal:pain disturbs sleep,while poor sleep quality,in turn,reduces pain tolerance and exacerbates spontaneous pain sensations[3].While these interplays are well-documented in cases of passive sleep deprivation(PSD)associated with external pressures or illnesses,understanding how and which regions of the brain collaborate to recalibrate the intricate neural circuitry governing pain perception during ASD remains a crucial yet unresolved frontier.展开更多
In this paper,we consider the discrete boundary value problem of the type{∆u1=0=∆un-1,∇(t_(k)^(N-1))φ(∆uk))+t_(k)^(N-1)fk(t_(k),u_(k),∆_(uk))=0,2≤k≤n-1,whereφ:(-a,a)→R,0<a<∞,is an increasing homeomorphism ...In this paper,we consider the discrete boundary value problem of the type{∆u1=0=∆un-1,∇(t_(k)^(N-1))φ(∆uk))+t_(k)^(N-1)fk(t_(k),u_(k),∆_(uk))=0,2≤k≤n-1,whereφ:(-a,a)→R,0<a<∞,is an increasing homeomorphism withφ(0)=0,such aφis called singular,N≥1,n≥3 are integers,tk are the grid points,uk:=u(tk),k=1,2,...,n,∇is the backward difference operator defined by∆uk=uk-uk-1,△is the forward difference operator defined by△uk=uk+1-uk,fk(2≤k≤n-1)are continuous functions.We prove the existence of solutions to this problem by employing the sign condition,the continuation lemma and the upper and lower solutions,respectively.On this basis,we also establish the Ambrosetti-Prodi type results for it.展开更多
BACKGROUND Stage IV pancreatic cancer(PC)has a poor prognosis and lacks individualized prognostic tools.Current survival prediction models are limited,and there is a need for more accurate,personalized methods.The Sur...BACKGROUND Stage IV pancreatic cancer(PC)has a poor prognosis and lacks individualized prognostic tools.Current survival prediction models are limited,and there is a need for more accurate,personalized methods.The Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database offers a valuable resource for studying large patient cohorts,yet machine learning-based nomograms for stage IV PC prognosis remain underexplored.This study hypothesizes that a machine learning-based nomogram can predict cancer-specific survival(CSS)and overall survival(OS)with high accuracy in stage IV PC patients.AIM To construct and validate a machine learning-based nomogram for predicting survival in stage IV PC patients using real-world data.METHODS Clinical data from stage IV PC patients diagnosed via pathology from 2000 to 2019 INTRODUCTION Pancreatic cancer(PC)is a significant human health issue and,by 2025,is projected to surpass breast cancer as the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths[1].In the United States,an estimated 66440 new cases and 51750 deaths due to PC were reported in 2024.PC is often asymptomatic in its early stages,with more than half of patients presenting with distant organ metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis[2].Consequently,the prognosis is very poor,with a 5-year relative survival rate of only 12.8%[2]In clinical practice,considerable heterogeneity in survival outcomes has been observed among patients with stage IV PC,highlighting the need for an individualized survival prediction tool for this population.Nomograms,which are visual tools incorporating multiple prognostic factors to predict patient survival,aid in person-alized treatment planning and clinical decision-making and are widely used in cancer prognosis evaluation[3-6].Machine learning,a core technique within artificial intelligence,employs algorithms to analyze data,learn from patterns,and predict real-world events with high accuracy,and is increasingly applied in health assessment,medical decision-making,prognosis,and personalized treatment[7-9].This study leverages the large sample size and comprehensive clinical data from the United State Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database to develop a prognostic nomogram for stage IV PC patients using machine learning,with the aim of providing individualized prognostic assessments to improve clinical decision-making.展开更多
This study investigates the transmission dynamics of conjunctivitis using stochastic delay differential equations(SDDEs).A delayed stochastic model is formulated by dividing the population into five distinct compartme...This study investigates the transmission dynamics of conjunctivitis using stochastic delay differential equations(SDDEs).A delayed stochastic model is formulated by dividing the population into five distinct compartments:susceptible,exposed,infected,environmental irritants,and recovered individuals.The model undergoes thorough analytical examination,addressing key dynamical properties including positivity,boundedness,existence,and uniqueness of solutions.Local and global stability around the equilibrium points is studied with respect to the basic reproduction number.The existence of a unique global positive solution for the stochastic delayed model is established.In addition,a stochastic nonstandard finite difference scheme is developed,which is shown to be dynamically consistent and convergent toward the equilibrium states.The scheme preserves the essential qualitative features of the model and demonstrates improved performance when compared to existing numerical methods.Finally,the impact of time delays and stochastic fluctuations on the susceptible and infected populations is analyzed.展开更多
Background:The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage I ovarian endometrioid carcinoma(OEC)remains controversial.Hence,the study sought to explore its value in stage I OEC patients.Methods:Stage I OEC patients(198...Background:The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage I ovarian endometrioid carcinoma(OEC)remains controversial.Hence,the study sought to explore its value in stage I OEC patients.Methods:Stage I OEC patients(1988–2018)were identified from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database.Multivariate Cox analysis was used to control confounders.Logistic regression was used to explore factors associated with adjuvant chemotherapy.Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to assess the survival benefits.Single-center clinical data and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines provided external validation.Result:Adjuvant chemotherapy correlated with improved survival(Hazard Ratio(HR):0.860,p=0.011),as did lymphadenectomy(HR:0.842,p<0.001).Higher age,pathological stage,and tumor grade negatively affected survival.Chemotherapy administration associated with higher pathological stage(IB:Odds Ratio(OR)1.565,p<0.001;IC:OR 4.091,p<0.001),higher grade(G2:OR 2.336,p<0.001;G3:OR 4.563,p<0.001),and lymphadenectomy(OR 1.148,p=0.040).Stratification analysis showed adjuvant chemotherapy failed to improve prognosis in stage IA/IB patients regardless of grade or lymphadenectomy.For stage IC patients,chemotherapy benefited grade 1-2 or grade 3 patients without lymphadenectomy,and grade 3 patients with lymphadenectomy.Meta-analysis revealed reduced recurrence in stage IC patients(OR=0.50,p=0.035).Conclusion:Adjuvant chemotherapy confers survival benefits for stage IC patients,particularly those without lymphadenectomy.展开更多
Streptococcus suis(S.suis)is a major disease impacting pig farming globally.It can also be transferred to humans by eating raw pork.A comprehensive study was recently carried out to determine the indices throughmultip...Streptococcus suis(S.suis)is a major disease impacting pig farming globally.It can also be transferred to humans by eating raw pork.A comprehensive study was recently carried out to determine the indices throughmultiple geographic regions in China.Methods:The well-posed theorems were employed to conduct a thorough analysis of the model’s feasible features,including positivity,boundedness equilibria,reproduction number,and parameter sensitivity.Stochastic Euler,Runge Kutta,and EulerMaruyama are some of the numerical techniques used to replicate the behavior of the streptococcus suis infection in the pig population.However,the dynamic qualities of the suggested model cannot be restored using these techniques.Results:For the stochastic delay differential equations of the model,the non-standard finite difference approach in the sense of stochasticity is developed to avoid several problems such as negativity,unboundedness,inconsistency,and instability of the findings.Results from traditional stochastic methods either converge conditionally or diverge over time.The stochastic non-negative step size convergence nonstandard finite difference(NSFD)method unconditionally converges to the model’s true states.Conclusions:This study improves our understanding of the dynamics of streptococcus suis infection using versions of stochastic with delay approaches and opens up new avenues for the study of cognitive processes and neuronal analysis.Theplotted interaction behaviour and new solution comparison profiles.展开更多
文摘This article will deal with Resultative Construction syntactically.First of all,the Unaccusative Hypothesis will be introduced,and the ideas of different scholars(mainly Levin and Rappaport) towards the question--whether the resultative construction can serve as diagnostic test to tell unergative verbs and unaccusative verbs apart--will be presented.The second focus of the article is about the differences that tell resultative constructions apart from depicitive construction and secondary predication construction.
基金Supported by the Appropriate Technology Promotion Program in Chongqing,No.2023jstg005.
文摘BACKGROUND Ampullary adenocarcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the gastrointestinal tract.Currently,only a few cases have been reported,resulting in limited information on survival.AIM To develop a dynamic nomogram using internal and external validation to predict survival in patients with ampullary adenocarcinoma.METHODS Data were sourced from the surveillance,epidemiology,and end results stat database.The patients in the database were randomized in a 7:3 ratio into training and validation groups.Using Cox regression univariate and multivariate analyses in the training group,we identified independent risk factors for overall survival and cancer-specific survival to develop the nomogram.The nomogram was validated with a cohort of patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical University.RESULTS For overall and cancer-specific survival,12(sex,age,race,lymph node ratio,tumor size,chemotherapy,surgical modality,T stage,tumor differentiation,brain metastasis,lung metastasis,and extension)and 6(age;surveillance,epidemiology,and end results stage;lymph node ratio;chemotherapy;surgical modality;and tumor differentiation)independent risk factors,respectively,were incorporated into the nomogram.The area under the curve values at 1,3,and 5 years,respectively,were 0.807,0.842,and 0.826 for overall survival and 0.816,0.835,and 0.841 for cancer-specific survival.The internal and external validation cohorts indicated good consistency of the nomogram.CONCLUSION The dynamic nomogram offers robust predictive efficacy for the overall and cancer-specific survival of ampullary adenocarcinoma.
文摘Journal of Future Foods(ISSN 2772-5669.Owner:Bejjing Academy of Food Sciences.Production and Hosting:Elsevier B.V.on bchalf of KcAi Communications Co,Ltd.)is an intecrnational,pcer-reviewed open access journal bclonging to the disciplinc of food scicnce and technology.The aim of the journal is to report latcst rescarch results of high-tcch in food science.We welcome submissions that drive the ficld of food science towards whole food nutrition,intelligencc and high technology.
文摘Retrieval analysis in total knee arthroplasty(TKA)has been little studied in the literature.A narrative review of the literature to understand the current importance of retrieval analysis in TKA has been conducted.On August 27,2024,a literature search was performed in PubMed using“TKA retrieval analysis”as keywords.A total of 160 articles were found,of which only 19 were analyzed because they were directly related to the subject of this article.Rotating-platform(mobile-bearing)TKA has no surface damage advantage over fixed-bearing TKA.TKAs with central locking mechanisms are more prone to debond from the cement mantle.No major wear of the polyethylene(PE)component in TKA using oxidized zirconium components occurs.Femoral components of cobalt-chromium roughen more than oxidized zirconium femoral components.The use of a polished tibial tray over an unpolished design is advised.At short-run assessment(15 months on average),antioxidant-stabilized highly crosslinked PE components are not clinically different in surface damage,density of crosslinking,or oxidation compared to standard remelted highly crosslinked PE components.A correlation between implant position and PE component surface damage has been reported.It shows the importance of optimizing component position to reduce PE component damage.Contemporary knee tumor megaendoprostheses show notable volumetric metal wear originated at the rotating hinge.Retrieval analysis in TKA renders relevant data on how different prosthetic designs described in the literature perform.Such information can help to improve future prosthetic designs to increase prosthetic survival.
文摘Types of paper Research Article A complete report on original research.A clear structure is required,including introduction,material and methods,results and discussion,conclusions generally.
文摘BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is a significant global health concern,characterized by high mortality rates and diverse histological types,primarily adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma.AIM To analyze trends in esophageal cancer using Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)data,focusing on patient characteristics,stage at diagnosis,treatment modalities,and survival outcomes,to provide insights that may guide clinical practice and public health initiatives.METHODS Age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates for esophageal cancer,2004-2021,were obtained from SEER rate sessions using SEER*Stat version 8.4.4.Average percent changes(APC)over time in age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates relative to gender,race/ethnicity,and stage at diagnosis were assessed using Joinpoint’s loglinear regression.Finally,Poisson regression was used to ascertain incidence and mortality rate ratios to ascertain associations between age,gender,race/ethnicity,and staging with incidence and mortality rates.All analyses were further stratified by gender to assess interactions between gender and the other demographic and clinical characteristics.RESULTS Overall,the data reveals significant trends in both the incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer,with notable variations across gender,race,and stage at diagnosis.Age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates were higher in males compared to females(incidence:4.1 per 100000 vs 0.9 per 100000,mortality:3.4 per 100000 vs 0.7 per 100000),P<0.001.Furthermore,the APC among males decreased more significantly over time[APC(95%CI):-1.14(-1.52 to-0.78);P<0.001].Both non-Hispanic(NH)Blacks and NH Whites showed significant decreases in cancer incidence,with NH Blacks observing a 3.27%decline and NH Whites a 0.51%decline.Patients with distant staging had a 5%APC increase in mortality rates over time(P=0.003).Additionally,mortality rates increased with age,and all minority groups showed declines in incidence and mortality compared to NH Whites.Cancer diagnosed at a distant stage had a mortality rate 4.16 times higher than in situ cases.CONCLUSION The analysis reveals clear disparities in both the incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer,with males,particularly NH Whites,experiencing significantly higher rates than females.Despite a general decline in incidence rates over time,the upward trend in mortality for certain subgroups warrants further investigation into potential contributing factors such as healthcare access,treatment efficacy,and underlying socio-economic disparities.
文摘Article Categories⋅Research article is a complete academic investigation that covers a significant advance in a specialty.It usually includes a structured abstract under 300 words,an introduction,sections with headings of Materials and Methods,Results,and Discussion,and References.Meta-analyses are published as original articles as well.The full text is about 3500 words and the figures and tables need to be kept under 7 items.
基金funded by the Research,Development,and Innovation Authority(RDIA)-Kingdom of Saudi Arabia-with grant number 12803-baha-2023-BU-R-3-1-EI.
文摘This study investigates the dynamics of pneumococcal pneumonia using a novel fractal-fractional Susceptible-Carrier-Infected-Recovered model formulated with the Atangana-Baleanu in Caputo(ABC)sense.Unlike traditional epidemiological models that rely on classical or Caputo fractional derivatives,the proposed model incorporates nonlocal memory effects,hereditary properties,and complex transmission dynamics through fractalfractional calculus.The Atangana-Baleanu operator,with its non-singular Mittag-Leffler kernel,ensures a more realistic representation of disease progression compared to classical integer-order models and singular kernel-based fractional models.The study establishes the existence and uniqueness of the proposed system and conducts a comprehensive stability analysis,including local and global stability.Furthermore,numerical simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the ABC operator in capturing long-memory effects and nonlocal interactions in disease transmission.The results provide valuable insights into public health interventions,particularly in optimizing vaccination strategies,treatment approaches,and mitigation measures.By extending epidemiological modeling through fractal-fractional derivatives,this study offers an advanced framework for analyzing infectious disease dynamics with enhanced accuracy and predictive capabilities.
文摘BACKGROUND Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs)are rare malignancies frequently associated with liver metastases(LM).The benefit of primary tumor resection(PTR)in patients with unresectable LM remains controversial.This study evaluates the impact of PTR on overall survival(OS)and tumor grading by integrating evidence from a systematic review,meta-analysis,and Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database analysis.AIM To evaluate the survival benefits of PTR in patients with PNETs and LM.METHODS This study was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines.A systematic literature search and meta-analysis were performed using five databases:PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,and CNKI,with records included up to February 2025.A total of 16 studies(n=8761;including 1 prospective and 15 retrospective studies)were included.A random-effects model was applied to pool hazard ratios for OS and odds ratios for tumor grading,with heterogeneity assessed by the I2 statistic.Risk of bias was evaluated using the ROBINS-I tool.In addition,an independent analysis based on the SEER database(n=791)was conducted using Kaplan-Meier survival curves and log-rank tests.RESULTS Meta-analysis results revealed that PTR significantly improved OS in patients showed that neither study design(prospective vs.retrospective)nor sample size(<400 vs≥400)significantly influenced the survival benefit.In terms of tumor grading,no statistically significant difference was observed between the surgical and non-surgical groups(odds ratio=1.60,95%confidence interval:0.70-3.63,P=0.26).Independent analysis of the SEER database(n=791)further confirmed the survival advantage of PTR across different tumor differentiation levels,with significant differences in OS between surgical and non-surgical groups(P<0.05).CONCLUSION PTR significantly improves OS in PNET patients with LM.However,its effect on tumor grading remains unclear,warranting further prospective studies to refine surgical strategies for this population.
基金Supported by Tianjin Key Medical Discipline Construction Project,No.TJYXZDXK-3-019B.
文摘BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer has high global incidence and mortality rates.Colorectal polyps are relatively common,with adenomatous polyps having a higher risk of malignant transformation.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has been identified as a risk factor for the development of colorectal adenomas.Here,inpatients with NAFLD from the Second People's Hospital of Xining,in Qinghai Province,and the Second People's Hospital of Tianjin were investigated,comparing the biochemical indicators,colonoscopy findings,and pathological results of polyps between patients from low-altitude(Tianjin)and high-altitude(Qinghai Province)areas.Risk factors associated with the occurrence of adenomatous polyps in NAFLD patients from high-altitude areas were also explored.AIM To investigate the clinical characteristics of colorectal polyps in NAFLD patients from high-altitude areas.METHODS A total of 848 patients with NAFLD were enrolled.Of these,118 underwent colonoscopy between January 2021 and January 2024 at the Second People's Hospital of Tianjin(low-altitude),while the remaining 730 patients were assessed during the same period at the Second People's Hospital of Xining,Qinghai(high-altitude).All enrolled patients met the diagnostic criteria for NAFLD,and the excised colorectal polyps were analyzed pathologically.RESULTS Colorectal polyps were found in 585 cases(80.1%)in the Qinghai cohort and 91 patients(77.1%)in the Tianjin group,indicating a slightly higher incidence in the Qinghai group,although the difference was non-significant(P=0.449,P>0.05).The two groups showed no significant difference in sex(P=0.153,P>0.05)but differed significantly in the proportion of younger patients(P<0.01),although no differences were seen in terms of middleaged and elderly patients(P>0.05).No differences in polyp numbers were observed between the two regions(P>0.05),while significant differences were found between the≤0.5 cm and>1 cm and≤2 cm proportions in both regions(P<0.05),with no differences in other size categories(P>0.05).Polyp locations(proximal colon,distal colon)also differed significantly(P<0.05).Patients in Qinghai were more prone to adenomatous polyps,accounting for 89.2%of polyps,compared to those from Tianjin(P<0.05).Patients in Qinghai had a higher incidence of tubular adenomas with low-grade dysplasia,while tubular adenomas with high-grade dysplasia predominated in patients from Tianjin(P<0.05).Patients in Tianjin had a significantly higher proportion of mixed hyperplastic-adenomatous polyps(P<0.05),as well as greater proportions of mixed hyperplastic-adenomas with low-grade dysplasia(P<0.05).The incidence of hyperplastic polyps was markedly higher in Tianjin,accounting for 58.4%(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression indicated that sex[OR=1.693,95%confidence interval(CI):1.131-2.536],smoking(OR=0.604,95%CI:0.406-0.897),hypertension(OR=0.683,95%CI:0.471-0.991),and white blood cell counts(WBC)(OR=1.091,95%CI:1.015-1.173)were risk factors for the occurrence of adenomatous polyps in patients with NAFLD in high-altitude areas(Qinghai Province).CONCLUSION Patients with NAFLD from high-altitude regions have a higher incidence of colorectal polyps,with a significantly higher incidence of adenomatous polyps compared to other polyp types.Sex,smoking,hypertension,and WBC are risk factors for adenomatous polyps in NAFLD patients in high-altitude regions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42374150,42374152)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2020MD050).
文摘The shear wave(S-wave)velocity is a critical rock elastic parameter in shale reservoirs,especially for evaluating shale fracability.To effectively supplement S-wave velocity under the condition of no actual measurement data,this paper proposes a physically-data driven method for the S-wave velocity prediction in shale reservoirs based on the class activation mapping(CAM)technique combined with a physically constrained two-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network(2D-CNN).High-sensitivity log curves related to S-wave velocity are selected as the basis from the data sensitivity analysis.Then,we establish a petrophysical model of complex multi-mineral components based on the petrophysical properties of porous medium and the Biot-Gassmann equation.This model can help reduce the dispersion effect and constrain the 2D-CNN.In deep learning,the 2D-CNN model is optimized using the Adam,and the class activation maps(CAMs)are obtained by replacing the fully connected layer with the global average pooling(GAP)layer,resulting in explainable results.The model is then applied to wells A,B1,and B2 in the southern Songliao Basin,China and compared with the unconstrained model and the petrophysical model.The results show higher prediction accuracy and generalization ability,as evidenced by correlation coefficients and relative errors of 0.98 and 2.14%,0.97 and 2.35%,0.96 and 2.89%in the three test wells,respectively.Finally,we present the defined C-factor as a means of evaluating the extent of concern regarding CAMs in regression problems.When the results of the petrophysical model are added to the 2D feature maps,the C-factor values are significantly increased,indicating that the focus of 2D-CNN can be significantly enhanced by incorporating the petrophysical model,thereby imposing physical constraints on the 2D-CNN.In addition,we establish the SHAP model,and the results of the petrophysical model have the highest average SHAP values across the three test wells.This helps to assist in proving the importance of constraints.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20418).
文摘Sleep is an indispensable part of life−its deficiency has significant implications for overall health and wellbeing[1].In today’s fast-paced society,sleep loss from either stressful or non-stressful origins has become prevalent.Specifically,active sleep deprivation(ASD),resulting from extended use of smartphones and other recreational activities,has risen as a global health issue.Clinical research has underscored a strong correlation between chronic pain and inadequate sleep[2].The relationship between pain and sleep is reciprocal:pain disturbs sleep,while poor sleep quality,in turn,reduces pain tolerance and exacerbates spontaneous pain sensations[3].While these interplays are well-documented in cases of passive sleep deprivation(PSD)associated with external pressures or illnesses,understanding how and which regions of the brain collaborate to recalibrate the intricate neural circuitry governing pain perception during ASD remains a crucial yet unresolved frontier.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.1236104012461035)+1 种基金the Outstanding Youth Fund of Gansu Province(Grant No.24JRRA121)the Scientific Research Ability Improvement Program for Young Teachers of Northwest Normal University(Grant No.NWNU-LKQN2021-17)。
文摘In this paper,we consider the discrete boundary value problem of the type{∆u1=0=∆un-1,∇(t_(k)^(N-1))φ(∆uk))+t_(k)^(N-1)fk(t_(k),u_(k),∆_(uk))=0,2≤k≤n-1,whereφ:(-a,a)→R,0<a<∞,is an increasing homeomorphism withφ(0)=0,such aφis called singular,N≥1,n≥3 are integers,tk are the grid points,uk:=u(tk),k=1,2,...,n,∇is the backward difference operator defined by∆uk=uk-uk-1,△is the forward difference operator defined by△uk=uk+1-uk,fk(2≤k≤n-1)are continuous functions.We prove the existence of solutions to this problem by employing the sign condition,the continuation lemma and the upper and lower solutions,respectively.On this basis,we also establish the Ambrosetti-Prodi type results for it.
基金Supported by Mianyang Health and Health Committee 2023 Scientific Research Project,No.202309Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine University-Hospital Joint Innovation Fund,No.LH202402010Mianyang Chinese Medicine Association 2024 Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance and Innovation Science and Technology Project,No.MYSZYYXH-202426.
文摘BACKGROUND Stage IV pancreatic cancer(PC)has a poor prognosis and lacks individualized prognostic tools.Current survival prediction models are limited,and there is a need for more accurate,personalized methods.The Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database offers a valuable resource for studying large patient cohorts,yet machine learning-based nomograms for stage IV PC prognosis remain underexplored.This study hypothesizes that a machine learning-based nomogram can predict cancer-specific survival(CSS)and overall survival(OS)with high accuracy in stage IV PC patients.AIM To construct and validate a machine learning-based nomogram for predicting survival in stage IV PC patients using real-world data.METHODS Clinical data from stage IV PC patients diagnosed via pathology from 2000 to 2019 INTRODUCTION Pancreatic cancer(PC)is a significant human health issue and,by 2025,is projected to surpass breast cancer as the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths[1].In the United States,an estimated 66440 new cases and 51750 deaths due to PC were reported in 2024.PC is often asymptomatic in its early stages,with more than half of patients presenting with distant organ metastasis at the time of initial diagnosis[2].Consequently,the prognosis is very poor,with a 5-year relative survival rate of only 12.8%[2]In clinical practice,considerable heterogeneity in survival outcomes has been observed among patients with stage IV PC,highlighting the need for an individualized survival prediction tool for this population.Nomograms,which are visual tools incorporating multiple prognostic factors to predict patient survival,aid in person-alized treatment planning and clinical decision-making and are widely used in cancer prognosis evaluation[3-6].Machine learning,a core technique within artificial intelligence,employs algorithms to analyze data,learn from patterns,and predict real-world events with high accuracy,and is increasingly applied in health assessment,medical decision-making,prognosis,and personalized treatment[7-9].This study leverages the large sample size and comprehensive clinical data from the United State Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database to develop a prognostic nomogram for stage IV PC patients using machine learning,with the aim of providing individualized prognostic assessments to improve clinical decision-making.
基金supported by Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University Researchers Supporting Project number(PNURSP2025R899)Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabiasupported by the Deanship of Scientific Research,Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research,King Faisal University,Saudi Arabia(KFU252831)。
文摘This study investigates the transmission dynamics of conjunctivitis using stochastic delay differential equations(SDDEs).A delayed stochastic model is formulated by dividing the population into five distinct compartments:susceptible,exposed,infected,environmental irritants,and recovered individuals.The model undergoes thorough analytical examination,addressing key dynamical properties including positivity,boundedness,existence,and uniqueness of solutions.Local and global stability around the equilibrium points is studied with respect to the basic reproduction number.The existence of a unique global positive solution for the stochastic delayed model is established.In addition,a stochastic nonstandard finite difference scheme is developed,which is shown to be dynamically consistent and convergent toward the equilibrium states.The scheme preserves the essential qualitative features of the model and demonstrates improved performance when compared to existing numerical methods.Finally,the impact of time delays and stochastic fluctuations on the susceptible and infected populations is analyzed.
基金supported by the scientific research project of Jiangsu Province’s“333 Project”(BRA2019097)Jiangsu Provincial Key Medical Discipline of the 14th Five-Year Plan(ZDXK202210)Jiangsu Province Medicine Science and Technology Development Project(No.ZD202014).
文摘Background:The benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage I ovarian endometrioid carcinoma(OEC)remains controversial.Hence,the study sought to explore its value in stage I OEC patients.Methods:Stage I OEC patients(1988–2018)were identified from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database.Multivariate Cox analysis was used to control confounders.Logistic regression was used to explore factors associated with adjuvant chemotherapy.Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier curves were used to assess the survival benefits.Single-center clinical data and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines provided external validation.Result:Adjuvant chemotherapy correlated with improved survival(Hazard Ratio(HR):0.860,p=0.011),as did lymphadenectomy(HR:0.842,p<0.001).Higher age,pathological stage,and tumor grade negatively affected survival.Chemotherapy administration associated with higher pathological stage(IB:Odds Ratio(OR)1.565,p<0.001;IC:OR 4.091,p<0.001),higher grade(G2:OR 2.336,p<0.001;G3:OR 4.563,p<0.001),and lymphadenectomy(OR 1.148,p=0.040).Stratification analysis showed adjuvant chemotherapy failed to improve prognosis in stage IA/IB patients regardless of grade or lymphadenectomy.For stage IC patients,chemotherapy benefited grade 1-2 or grade 3 patients without lymphadenectomy,and grade 3 patients with lymphadenectomy.Meta-analysis revealed reduced recurrence in stage IC patients(OR=0.50,p=0.035).Conclusion:Adjuvant chemotherapy confers survival benefits for stage IC patients,particularly those without lymphadenectomy.
基金supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research,Vice Presidency for Graduate Studies and Scientific Research,King Faisal University,Saudi Arabia[KFU250259].
文摘Streptococcus suis(S.suis)is a major disease impacting pig farming globally.It can also be transferred to humans by eating raw pork.A comprehensive study was recently carried out to determine the indices throughmultiple geographic regions in China.Methods:The well-posed theorems were employed to conduct a thorough analysis of the model’s feasible features,including positivity,boundedness equilibria,reproduction number,and parameter sensitivity.Stochastic Euler,Runge Kutta,and EulerMaruyama are some of the numerical techniques used to replicate the behavior of the streptococcus suis infection in the pig population.However,the dynamic qualities of the suggested model cannot be restored using these techniques.Results:For the stochastic delay differential equations of the model,the non-standard finite difference approach in the sense of stochasticity is developed to avoid several problems such as negativity,unboundedness,inconsistency,and instability of the findings.Results from traditional stochastic methods either converge conditionally or diverge over time.The stochastic non-negative step size convergence nonstandard finite difference(NSFD)method unconditionally converges to the model’s true states.Conclusions:This study improves our understanding of the dynamics of streptococcus suis infection using versions of stochastic with delay approaches and opens up new avenues for the study of cognitive processes and neuronal analysis.Theplotted interaction behaviour and new solution comparison profiles.
