Based on the value theory of mineral resource, a dynamic evaluation model of mineral resource property is erected, which not only takes the factors of extractions into consideration but also those of explorations. The...Based on the value theory of mineral resource, a dynamic evaluation model of mineral resource property is erected, which not only takes the factors of extractions into consideration but also those of explorations. The solution process of the model is described and the differential solution is presented. Then the paper comes to the conclusion that the differential solution is also the optimal depletion path of the resource.展开更多
China Seabuckthorn Ecological Project has been implemented for a decade (from 1999 to 2008) with an increasing seabuckthorn area of 1642.83 km2 in?the Sandstone Areas of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia—the most se...China Seabuckthorn Ecological Project has been implemented for a decade (from 1999 to 2008) with an increasing seabuckthorn area of 1642.83 km2 in?the Sandstone Areas of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia—the most serious soil erosion area in China. The vast artificial seabuckthorn forest’s value in environmental resource is assessed via 7 indicators on first-level, 15 indicators on secondary level and 35 indicators on third level in this research. As of 2008, the seabuckthorn environmental resource value is 10.017 billion RMB Yuan, which equals to 37.1 times of the project’s total investment of 0.27 billion RMB Yuan. It is proposed in this research that the external economical values such as soil and water conservation, windbreak and sand-fixation can be realized through relative national policies and taxes. Carbon-fixation and oxygen-producing value can be achieved through the international carbon trade.展开更多
The paper had pointed out that landscape resources were the roots that forest park attracted tourists, and objective and correct evaluation on landscape resources was the foundation to identify development tendency of...The paper had pointed out that landscape resources were the roots that forest park attracted tourists, and objective and correct evaluation on landscape resources was the foundation to identify development tendency of forest park. Based on the field study, it had firstly conducted qualitative evaluation on landscape resources in Junwu Forest Park of Liuzhou City, concluded that forest landscape had distinctive feature and high quality, sceneries in forest were splendid and colorful, landscape combination was good and forest ecological environment was excellent in quality. Furthermore, in accordance with China Forest Park Landscape Resources Quality Grade Evaluation (GB/T18005-1999), quantitative evaluation had been conducted on landscape resources of Junwu Forest Park in Liuzhou City. On this basis, it had deeply analyzed development value of Junwu Forest Park, highlighting its forest aesthetics, popular science education, health care, tourism culture and tourism economic value, so as to provide reference for its planning and development.展开更多
Evaluation of tourism resources is necessary for tourism regionalization and planning and for the development of tourism destinations.Furthermore,the scientific evaluation of the status of existing tourism resources i...Evaluation of tourism resources is necessary for tourism regionalization and planning and for the development of tourism destinations.Furthermore,the scientific evaluation of the status of existing tourism resources is important for optimally combining and rationally developing regional tourism resources.In this study,a conceptual model for estimating the ontological value of tourism resources was developed and an evaluation indicator system was designed for the ontological value.On the basis of the quantitative and spatial characteristics of regional tourism resources,six indicators were constructed:quantitative density,richness,dominance,combination,aggregation,and accessibility.Furthermore,spatial differentiation characteristics of the ontological value indicators of county-level tourism resources on Hainan Island were analyzed,and the ontological value of the tourism resources was comprehensively evaluated and ranked by using a fuzzy clustering evaluation method.Finally,the evaluation results were verified on the basis of the quantity,quality,and accessibility of regional tourism resources by using an expert scoring method.The results showed that the test results were consistent with the inferences drawn from the ontological value,indicating that the evaluation indicator system is scientific and reliable and that it is an effective alternative to existing evaluation indexes of regional tourism resources,which are inconsistent.The fuzzy clustering evaluation method overcomes the subjectivity in the evaluation process and is practical for the quantitative evaluation of regional tourism resources.The evaluation indicator system for regional tourism resources designed in this study can provide a reference for the evaluation of the tourism resource development value on a regional scale,and the evaluation results can facilitate informed policymaking for the rational development of regional tourism resources.展开更多
The generation, connotation, property, subject and object, and contents of environment rights and environment resources property were studied. And based on these, the similarities and differences were discussed so as ...The generation, connotation, property, subject and object, and contents of environment rights and environment resources property were studied. And based on these, the similarities and differences were discussed so as to master the connotation of environment resources property.展开更多
The rights and interests value of mineral resources includes the prospecting rights value and the mining rights value. The mining rights value is made up of the min-eral resources value and the compensation value base...The rights and interests value of mineral resources includes the prospecting rights value and the mining rights value. The mining rights value is made up of the min-eral resources value and the compensation value based on the inputs of capitals and labors in different exploration stage, the prospecting rights value should be equal to ex-ploration differential rent of resources. According to the stage characteristic of mineral resources exploration and development, the initial evaluating methods and models are used to evaluate the prospecting rights and mining rights value.展开更多
The objective of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework stimulating the sustainable management of natural resources in Central Africa. Based on the forest resources, we show how good identification and alloca...The objective of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework stimulating the sustainable management of natural resources in Central Africa. Based on the forest resources, we show how good identification and allocation of property rights strengthen the joint management of forest resources. Cameroon is selected as an example, since the country represents one of the most forest-intense areas in Africa. In doing so, we first evaluate the performance of institutions in fostering sustainable forest management. Second we show how good elaboration and allocation of property rights may contribute to improving efficiency in forest management. Using the New Institutional Economic (NIE) theory we provide an outline of the potential relationships between forest management and property rights allocated to stakeholders involved in forest exploitation. Finally we provide two forms of institutional structures that could improve forest management efficiency: public-private partnership and multi-stakeholder management approaches. Public-private partnerships are joint project management processes operated by both private businesses and public entities in order to combine public prescriptive mechanisms with private operational roles. Multi-stakeholder management approach is also a co-management initiative combining public entities, private actors and local population to increase the involvement of local dwellers living in forest areas in the decision process.展开更多
In order to further understand and better develop and utilize wild flower resources in Hefei City,a comprehensive evaluation model of landscape value of wild flowers in the application of flower border was constructed...In order to further understand and better develop and utilize wild flower resources in Hefei City,a comprehensive evaluation model of landscape value of wild flowers in the application of flower border was constructed by field investigation and analytic hierarchy process(AHP).The application value of wild flowers in Hefei was evaluated by selecting evaluation indicators from three aspects of ornamental value,adaptability and resource potential.展开更多
The Hani Rice Terraces System, based on gravity-flow irrigation, is one of the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS) pilot sites selected by FAO in 2010. The water resource plays an important role in...The Hani Rice Terraces System, based on gravity-flow irrigation, is one of the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS) pilot sites selected by FAO in 2010. The water resource plays an important role in the sustainable development of this system. The value of water conserved by the forest is influenced by natural, economic and social factors. In this paper, the water quality, per capita water resources, per capita GDP and population density are chosen as indices to construct an index system for a comprehensive evaluation of water resources value. The weights of these indices are 0.443, 0.31, 0.141 and 0.106 respectively, which are determined by the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) method. The water resources value has been assessed by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model. The results show that the water resources value in the Hani Rice Terraces System is 4.25 RMB/m^3. Evaluating the value of water resources in the Hani Rice Terraces System can provide a reference for ecological compensation, for raising public awareness of the importance of protecting the system, and ultimately achieving its sustainable development.展开更多
The supreme obstacle for sustainable development of natural resources is the scarecity, bottleneck. So how to promote the sustainable utilizing and increase the using efficiency of natural resources is worth studying....The supreme obstacle for sustainable development of natural resources is the scarecity, bottleneck. So how to promote the sustainable utilizing and increase the using efficiency of natural resources is worth studying. This paper suggests that we should improve the model and means of evaluating method and value management based on th~ theory of natural resource compensation. This paper discusses the User Cost Method based on the microeeonomicaspect which can change the evaluating method for natural resources. From the perspective of value managemen model, we should use the User Cost Method to realize the linkage and integration of micro and macro eompensation for natural resources. Based on the evaluating and aecounting idea User Cost Method, this paper presents a theo. retical framework to harmonize and link micro and macro compensation for natural resources. At present, we should seek the new approach and method to manage natural resources, so can we realize the capitalization managemen focusing on the vahte management for natural resources.展开更多
The meteorological high-performance computing resource is the support platform for the weather forecast and climate prediction numerical model operation. The scientific and objective method to evaluate the application...The meteorological high-performance computing resource is the support platform for the weather forecast and climate prediction numerical model operation. The scientific and objective method to evaluate the application of meteorological high-performance computing resources can not only provide reference for the optimization of active resources, but also provide a quantitative basis for future resource construction and planning. In this paper, the concept of the utility value B and index compliance rate E of the meteorological high performance computing system are presented. The evaluation process, evaluation index and calculation method of the high performance computing resource application benefits are introduced.展开更多
The utilization of steel slag has been a worldwide issue for a long time. Attention is increasingly being paid to the technological innovation and development of steel slag. Aiming at the development of environmentall...The utilization of steel slag has been a worldwide issue for a long time. Attention is increasingly being paid to the technological innovation and development of steel slag. Aiming at the development of environmentally friendly steel slag concrete materials and their use in a recyclable economy ,Baosteel has recently been conducting research on and using many new building materials, including steel slag powder concrete, steel slag pervious concrete, steel slag counter weight concrete and so on. In this way, steel slag has been turned from a kind of solid waste into a value-added material. The technology of steel slag utilization has been enriched and developed,while a new model of using Baosteel steel slag in a recyclable economy has also been explored and practised.展开更多
Nowadays,the predominant source for approximately 90%of epoxy resin materials worldwide is the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A(DGEBA).However,the increasing recognition of environmental concerns,such as global warming...Nowadays,the predominant source for approximately 90%of epoxy resin materials worldwide is the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A(DGEBA).However,the increasing recognition of environmental concerns,such as global warming and the depletion of petroleum reserves,necessitates the exploration of alternative options,specifically bio-epoxy resin derived from sustainable resources.Nonetheless,the inadequate flame retardancy of bio-epoxy resin presents a notable drawback,limiting its applicability in high-risk environments.The objective of this review article is to provide a concise overview of the latest and upto-date advances in flame-retardant epoxy resins derived from sustainable sources.Firstly,the discussion encompasses inherently flame-retardant bio-based epoxy resins,considering both bio-based epoxy monomers and bio-based curing agents,focusing on their flame retardancy and mechanical properties.Furthermore,the utilization of phosphorus-containing and silicon-containing additives in bio-based epoxy is explored.Additionally,a comprehensive evaluation of partially bio-based intrinsically flame retardant epoxy resins is provided.Finally,this article offers an extensive survey of the current state-of-the-art in the field and presents future perspectives,serving as a valuable resource for researchers engaged in the study of flame-retardant epoxy resins derived from sustainable resources.展开更多
The increasing challenges of pressure and ever-growing demands on limited resources in Nepal by diverse actors,land degradation,biodiversity loss and climate change require the rational use of land resources to sustai...The increasing challenges of pressure and ever-growing demands on limited resources in Nepal by diverse actors,land degradation,biodiversity loss and climate change require the rational use of land resources to sustain and enhance productivity and maintain resilient ecosystems for achieving the sustainable and efficient use of resources,taking into account biophysical and socioeconomic dimensions.Regarding this,Nepal Government has realized and taken initiation of scientific and sustainable land use zoning following the National Land Use Act 2019(2076 B.S.)to use land resources in practicable and sustainable manner.Using spatial information techniques such asZ-3 satellite image,remote sensing(RS),global positioning system(GPS)and geographic information system(GIS).Multicriteria decision making(MCDM)methods for acquiring spatial/temporal data,through expert judgment techniques based on field observation as well as laboratory analysis result,it was found that the soil nutrient status of,the municipality varied spatially and has pH with very high acidic to slightly alkaline but most of the soils are slightly acidic(39.58%).Majority of the soil are loam and sandy loam type with very low to high level of organic matter.Most of the municipal area is under medium range of organic matter.Nitrogen content ranges from very low to very high level as to same ranges of phosphorous(37.69%).Potassium level is also in very high to low as 37 percent land area has high level of potassium.Reclamation of acidic soil mainly in leachable soil is recommended with the proper management of Nitrogen with addition of organic matter is needed to manage for improving crop production.展开更多
In this paper,the writer uses a mathematical model to analyze:a theoretical model of land resources optimal allocation with the constraint of sustainable development;equilibrium and defects of land resources allocatio...In this paper,the writer uses a mathematical model to analyze:a theoretical model of land resources optimal allocation with the constraint of sustainable development;equilibrium and defects of land resources allocation in a competitive market;and how effective governmental supervision can change the equilibrium in the market and promote the optimization of land resources allocation.The main points of this paper are:continuous and excessive conversions that change land resources from agricultural use to non-agricultural use in the process of economic development are economic rules;a competitive market is an important way to improve the efficiency of land resources allocation;effective governmental supervision can cover the shortage of market and promote the optimization of land resources allocation;a reasonable arrangement of land property rights can reduce the transaction costs of government management in optimizing land resources allocation;and,the targets of land resources optimal allocation are developing along with economic development.展开更多
Intellectual property system gives rise to international concern in the context of development and protection of the marine biological genetic resources beyond the national jurisdiction. The core argument is whether c...Intellectual property system gives rise to international concern in the context of development and protection of the marine biological genetic resources beyond the national jurisdiction. The core argument is whether can be current international intellectual property system plays an active role for balancing the respective benefits to make sure resolve this special area issue. The Agreement On Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Right （TRIPS Agreement） provides basic requirements to international intellectual property application. This paper is intended to examine the feasibility of TR1PS clauses in the above context and then some suggestions are put forth.展开更多
文摘Based on the value theory of mineral resource, a dynamic evaluation model of mineral resource property is erected, which not only takes the factors of extractions into consideration but also those of explorations. The solution process of the model is described and the differential solution is presented. Then the paper comes to the conclusion that the differential solution is also the optimal depletion path of the resource.
文摘China Seabuckthorn Ecological Project has been implemented for a decade (from 1999 to 2008) with an increasing seabuckthorn area of 1642.83 km2 in?the Sandstone Areas of Shanxi, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia—the most serious soil erosion area in China. The vast artificial seabuckthorn forest’s value in environmental resource is assessed via 7 indicators on first-level, 15 indicators on secondary level and 35 indicators on third level in this research. As of 2008, the seabuckthorn environmental resource value is 10.017 billion RMB Yuan, which equals to 37.1 times of the project’s total investment of 0.27 billion RMB Yuan. It is proposed in this research that the external economical values such as soil and water conservation, windbreak and sand-fixation can be realized through relative national policies and taxes. Carbon-fixation and oxygen-producing value can be achieved through the international carbon trade.
文摘The paper had pointed out that landscape resources were the roots that forest park attracted tourists, and objective and correct evaluation on landscape resources was the foundation to identify development tendency of forest park. Based on the field study, it had firstly conducted qualitative evaluation on landscape resources in Junwu Forest Park of Liuzhou City, concluded that forest landscape had distinctive feature and high quality, sceneries in forest were splendid and colorful, landscape combination was good and forest ecological environment was excellent in quality. Furthermore, in accordance with China Forest Park Landscape Resources Quality Grade Evaluation (GB/T18005-1999), quantitative evaluation had been conducted on landscape resources of Junwu Forest Park in Liuzhou City. On this basis, it had deeply analyzed development value of Junwu Forest Park, highlighting its forest aesthetics, popular science education, health care, tourism culture and tourism economic value, so as to provide reference for its planning and development.
基金The Project of Hainan Province Tourism Resources Survey and Planning Information,No.2018Y88M2001AL。
文摘Evaluation of tourism resources is necessary for tourism regionalization and planning and for the development of tourism destinations.Furthermore,the scientific evaluation of the status of existing tourism resources is important for optimally combining and rationally developing regional tourism resources.In this study,a conceptual model for estimating the ontological value of tourism resources was developed and an evaluation indicator system was designed for the ontological value.On the basis of the quantitative and spatial characteristics of regional tourism resources,six indicators were constructed:quantitative density,richness,dominance,combination,aggregation,and accessibility.Furthermore,spatial differentiation characteristics of the ontological value indicators of county-level tourism resources on Hainan Island were analyzed,and the ontological value of the tourism resources was comprehensively evaluated and ranked by using a fuzzy clustering evaluation method.Finally,the evaluation results were verified on the basis of the quantity,quality,and accessibility of regional tourism resources by using an expert scoring method.The results showed that the test results were consistent with the inferences drawn from the ontological value,indicating that the evaluation indicator system is scientific and reliable and that it is an effective alternative to existing evaluation indexes of regional tourism resources,which are inconsistent.The fuzzy clustering evaluation method overcomes the subjectivity in the evaluation process and is practical for the quantitative evaluation of regional tourism resources.The evaluation indicator system for regional tourism resources designed in this study can provide a reference for the evaluation of the tourism resource development value on a regional scale,and the evaluation results can facilitate informed policymaking for the rational development of regional tourism resources.
基金Supported by Key Project of National Social Science Fund(10AJL002)
文摘The generation, connotation, property, subject and object, and contents of environment rights and environment resources property were studied. And based on these, the similarities and differences were discussed so as to master the connotation of environment resources property.
文摘The rights and interests value of mineral resources includes the prospecting rights value and the mining rights value. The mining rights value is made up of the min-eral resources value and the compensation value based on the inputs of capitals and labors in different exploration stage, the prospecting rights value should be equal to ex-ploration differential rent of resources. According to the stage characteristic of mineral resources exploration and development, the initial evaluating methods and models are used to evaluate the prospecting rights and mining rights value.
文摘The objective of this paper is to propose a conceptual framework stimulating the sustainable management of natural resources in Central Africa. Based on the forest resources, we show how good identification and allocation of property rights strengthen the joint management of forest resources. Cameroon is selected as an example, since the country represents one of the most forest-intense areas in Africa. In doing so, we first evaluate the performance of institutions in fostering sustainable forest management. Second we show how good elaboration and allocation of property rights may contribute to improving efficiency in forest management. Using the New Institutional Economic (NIE) theory we provide an outline of the potential relationships between forest management and property rights allocated to stakeholders involved in forest exploitation. Finally we provide two forms of institutional structures that could improve forest management efficiency: public-private partnership and multi-stakeholder management approaches. Public-private partnerships are joint project management processes operated by both private businesses and public entities in order to combine public prescriptive mechanisms with private operational roles. Multi-stakeholder management approach is also a co-management initiative combining public entities, private actors and local population to increase the involvement of local dwellers living in forest areas in the decision process.
基金Sponsored by the National Innovation Training Project for University Students in 2023(202312216024)Provincial Innovation Training Project for University Students in 2022(S202212216117)+1 种基金Key Research Project of Natural Science in Universities of Anhui Province(2023AH051816)General Teaching Research Project of Anhui Province(2022jyxm665).
文摘In order to further understand and better develop and utilize wild flower resources in Hefei City,a comprehensive evaluation model of landscape value of wild flowers in the application of flower border was constructed by field investigation and analytic hierarchy process(AHP).The application value of wild flowers in Hefei was evaluated by selecting evaluation indicators from three aspects of ornamental value,adaptability and resource potential.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Fund, China (Grant Nos. 31200376, 41201586)the CAS Visiting Professor-Ship for Senior International Scientists (Grant No. 2013T2Z0011)
文摘The Hani Rice Terraces System, based on gravity-flow irrigation, is one of the Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS) pilot sites selected by FAO in 2010. The water resource plays an important role in the sustainable development of this system. The value of water conserved by the forest is influenced by natural, economic and social factors. In this paper, the water quality, per capita water resources, per capita GDP and population density are chosen as indices to construct an index system for a comprehensive evaluation of water resources value. The weights of these indices are 0.443, 0.31, 0.141 and 0.106 respectively, which are determined by the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) method. The water resources value has been assessed by the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model. The results show that the water resources value in the Hani Rice Terraces System is 4.25 RMB/m^3. Evaluating the value of water resources in the Hani Rice Terraces System can provide a reference for ecological compensation, for raising public awareness of the importance of protecting the system, and ultimately achieving its sustainable development.
文摘The supreme obstacle for sustainable development of natural resources is the scarecity, bottleneck. So how to promote the sustainable utilizing and increase the using efficiency of natural resources is worth studying. This paper suggests that we should improve the model and means of evaluating method and value management based on th~ theory of natural resource compensation. This paper discusses the User Cost Method based on the microeeonomicaspect which can change the evaluating method for natural resources. From the perspective of value managemen model, we should use the User Cost Method to realize the linkage and integration of micro and macro eompensation for natural resources. Based on the evaluating and aecounting idea User Cost Method, this paper presents a theo. retical framework to harmonize and link micro and macro compensation for natural resources. At present, we should seek the new approach and method to manage natural resources, so can we realize the capitalization managemen focusing on the vahte management for natural resources.
文摘The meteorological high-performance computing resource is the support platform for the weather forecast and climate prediction numerical model operation. The scientific and objective method to evaluate the application of meteorological high-performance computing resources can not only provide reference for the optimization of active resources, but also provide a quantitative basis for future resource construction and planning. In this paper, the concept of the utility value B and index compliance rate E of the meteorological high performance computing system are presented. The evaluation process, evaluation index and calculation method of the high performance computing resource application benefits are introduced.
文摘The utilization of steel slag has been a worldwide issue for a long time. Attention is increasingly being paid to the technological innovation and development of steel slag. Aiming at the development of environmentally friendly steel slag concrete materials and their use in a recyclable economy ,Baosteel has recently been conducting research on and using many new building materials, including steel slag powder concrete, steel slag pervious concrete, steel slag counter weight concrete and so on. In this way, steel slag has been turned from a kind of solid waste into a value-added material. The technology of steel slag utilization has been enriched and developed,while a new model of using Baosteel steel slag in a recyclable economy has also been explored and practised.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(No.2021J05266)the Talents Introduction Program of Xiamen University of Technology,China(No.YKJ19019R)+1 种基金the Young and Middle-aged Teachers Education Scientific Research Project of Fujian Province(No.JAT190657)supported under Australian Research Council/Discovery Early Career Researcher Award(DECRA)funding scheme(project No.DE230100180).
文摘Nowadays,the predominant source for approximately 90%of epoxy resin materials worldwide is the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A(DGEBA).However,the increasing recognition of environmental concerns,such as global warming and the depletion of petroleum reserves,necessitates the exploration of alternative options,specifically bio-epoxy resin derived from sustainable resources.Nonetheless,the inadequate flame retardancy of bio-epoxy resin presents a notable drawback,limiting its applicability in high-risk environments.The objective of this review article is to provide a concise overview of the latest and upto-date advances in flame-retardant epoxy resins derived from sustainable sources.Firstly,the discussion encompasses inherently flame-retardant bio-based epoxy resins,considering both bio-based epoxy monomers and bio-based curing agents,focusing on their flame retardancy and mechanical properties.Furthermore,the utilization of phosphorus-containing and silicon-containing additives in bio-based epoxy is explored.Additionally,a comprehensive evaluation of partially bio-based intrinsically flame retardant epoxy resins is provided.Finally,this article offers an extensive survey of the current state-of-the-art in the field and presents future perspectives,serving as a valuable resource for researchers engaged in the study of flame-retardant epoxy resins derived from sustainable resources.
文摘The increasing challenges of pressure and ever-growing demands on limited resources in Nepal by diverse actors,land degradation,biodiversity loss and climate change require the rational use of land resources to sustain and enhance productivity and maintain resilient ecosystems for achieving the sustainable and efficient use of resources,taking into account biophysical and socioeconomic dimensions.Regarding this,Nepal Government has realized and taken initiation of scientific and sustainable land use zoning following the National Land Use Act 2019(2076 B.S.)to use land resources in practicable and sustainable manner.Using spatial information techniques such asZ-3 satellite image,remote sensing(RS),global positioning system(GPS)and geographic information system(GIS).Multicriteria decision making(MCDM)methods for acquiring spatial/temporal data,through expert judgment techniques based on field observation as well as laboratory analysis result,it was found that the soil nutrient status of,the municipality varied spatially and has pH with very high acidic to slightly alkaline but most of the soils are slightly acidic(39.58%).Majority of the soil are loam and sandy loam type with very low to high level of organic matter.Most of the municipal area is under medium range of organic matter.Nitrogen content ranges from very low to very high level as to same ranges of phosphorous(37.69%).Potassium level is also in very high to low as 37 percent land area has high level of potassium.Reclamation of acidic soil mainly in leachable soil is recommended with the proper management of Nitrogen with addition of organic matter is needed to manage for improving crop production.
文摘In this paper,the writer uses a mathematical model to analyze:a theoretical model of land resources optimal allocation with the constraint of sustainable development;equilibrium and defects of land resources allocation in a competitive market;and how effective governmental supervision can change the equilibrium in the market and promote the optimization of land resources allocation.The main points of this paper are:continuous and excessive conversions that change land resources from agricultural use to non-agricultural use in the process of economic development are economic rules;a competitive market is an important way to improve the efficiency of land resources allocation;effective governmental supervision can cover the shortage of market and promote the optimization of land resources allocation;a reasonable arrangement of land property rights can reduce the transaction costs of government management in optimizing land resources allocation;and,the targets of land resources optimal allocation are developing along with economic development.
文摘Intellectual property system gives rise to international concern in the context of development and protection of the marine biological genetic resources beyond the national jurisdiction. The core argument is whether can be current international intellectual property system plays an active role for balancing the respective benefits to make sure resolve this special area issue. The Agreement On Trade-related Aspects of Intellectual Property Right （TRIPS Agreement） provides basic requirements to international intellectual property application. This paper is intended to examine the feasibility of TR1PS clauses in the above context and then some suggestions are put forth.
