<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lithraea</span></i><span style="font-family:;" "=""> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">m...<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lithraea</span></i><span style="font-family:;" "=""> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">molleoides</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (Anacardiaceae) is a tree that grows in South America including Southern Brazil, Southern, and Eastern Bolivia, Southern Paraguay, Northern, and Central Argentina. Infusions, decoctions, or tinctures from its aerial parts (leaves, buds, and young stems) are employed in ethnomedicine mainly against respiratory, and digestive inflammations and illnesses. Antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive activities, among others, have been reported for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L.</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">molleoides</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. Many of its biological activities have been associated with the reported presence of 5-alkenyl resorcinols. Alkyl/alkenyl catechols and alkyl/alkenyl resorcinols are very common in members of the Anacardiaceae family and several activities have been attributed to them. This work describes the isolation and the structural elucidation of three new 5-alkenyl resorcinols isolated from </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lithraea</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">molleoides</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> reported in nature for the first time.</span></span>展开更多
Phenylethyl resorcinol(PR)demonstrates inhibitory effects on multiple targets in the melanin synthesis pathway,resulting in a strong whitening effect.However,challenges such as limited solubility in water and suscepti...Phenylethyl resorcinol(PR)demonstrates inhibitory effects on multiple targets in the melanin synthesis pathway,resulting in a strong whitening effect.However,challenges such as limited solubility in water and susceptibility to oxidation and discoloration restrict its practical application in the cosmetics industry.In order to enhance stability and performance characteristics,a whitening nanostructured lipid carrier(NLC)was synthesized through high-pressure homogenization.This method entailed the incorporation of solid lipids,a liquid lipid,and a compound emulsifier,with deionized water fulfilling the roles of solid phase,liquid phase,and water phase,respectively.The NLC's particle size,Zeta potential,stability,encapsulation efficiency,and other parameters were assessed using techniques such as particle sizer,stability analyzer,and HPLC.The results showed that the NLC for phenylethyl resorcinol prepared by using the optimal formula(7.50%solid lipids,3.00%ethylhexyl palmitate,and 2.00%Tween 80 and soybean lecithin)has an encapsulation efficiency of 87.11%,a particle size of 157.2±0.70 nm,a kinetic instability of less than 1.2,and a greatly improved stability,thereby successfully solving the problems of unstable storage and poor solubility of phenylethyl resorcinol.展开更多
Topical administration of phenylethyl resorcinol(PR) has attracted much attention as skin lightening agent with potent anti-tyrosinase activity. Two novel types of elastic carriers were developed to overcome the limit...Topical administration of phenylethyl resorcinol(PR) has attracted much attention as skin lightening agent with potent anti-tyrosinase activity. Two novel types of elastic carriers were developed to overcome the limitation of PR as topical delivery by increasing the solubility, stability and decreasing skin irritation compared to conventional liposomes. In addition, it also promotes skin penetration of PR to reach deep skin layer at the target site. The lead formulations were obtained from the invasomes containing 1%(w/v) d-limonene mixed with 10%(v/v) absolute ethanol as the skin enhancer, and transfersomes containing 15%(w/w) sodium deoxycholate(SDC) as edge activator. All formulations gave a vesicle size < 500 nm, polydispersity index(PDI) < 0.3, high zeta potential, entrapment efficiency > 50%, and good stability on storage at 30 °C at 75% RH for 4 months. Transfersomes have a lower degree of deformability(6.63%) than invasomes(25.26%). In contrast, the liposomes as rigid vesicles do not show a deformable property. This characteristic affects the skin permeation, and thus, transfersomes with high elastic property provided a significantly higher cumulative amount, steady state flux( J ss) and permeability coefficient( K p) compared to other formulations. However, in vitro PR accumulation in full-thickness newborn pig skin demonstrated that the application of elastic carrier formulations gave significantly higher accumulation than liposomes, and gave anti-tyrosinase activity up to 80%. These results are straightforwardly related to the results of cellular level study. Transfersomes and invasomes showed higher tyrosinase inhibition activity and melanin content reduction when compared to liposomes in B16 melanoma cells. In addition, acute irritation test in rabbits confirmed that these formulations are safe for skin application. Therefore, elastic vesicle carriers have theefficiency to deliver PR into the deep skin in both quantity and effectiveness which are better than conventional liposomes and appropriate for a skin lightening product.展开更多
Porous carbon spheres are prepared by direct carbonization of potassium salt of resorcinol-formaldehyde resin spheres, and are investigated as COadsorbents. It is found that the prepared carbon materials still maintai...Porous carbon spheres are prepared by direct carbonization of potassium salt of resorcinol-formaldehyde resin spheres, and are investigated as COadsorbents. It is found that the prepared carbon materials still maintain the typical spherical shapes after the activation, and have highly developed ultra-microporosity with uniform pore size, indicating that almost the activation takes place in the interior of the polymer spheres. The narrow-distributed ultra-micropores are attributed to the "in-situ homogeneous activation"effect produced by the mono-dispersed potassium ions as a form of -OK groups in the bulk of polymer spheres. The CS-1 sample prepared under a KOH/resins weight ratio of 1 shows a very high COcapture capacity of 4.83 mmol/g and good CO/Nselectivity of7-45. We believe that the presence of a welldeveloped ultra-microporosity is responsible for excellent COsorption performance at room temperature and ambient pressure.展开更多
AIM: To study the mechanism of cytotoxicity of a new active 5-alkyl resorcinol [1, 3-dihydroxy-5- (tridec-4’, 7’ -dienyl) benzene] isolated from Lithraea molleoides leaves on liver tumor cells. METHODS: Human hepato...AIM: To study the mechanism of cytotoxicity of a new active 5-alkyl resorcinol [1, 3-dihydroxy-5- (tridec-4’, 7’ -dienyl) benzene] isolated from Lithraea molleoides leaves on liver tumor cells. METHODS: Human hepatocarcinoma cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B) in culture were treated with inhibitory concentrations, 50% of the compound, for 24 h. The induction of apoptosis was detected in treated cells by analysis of DNA fragmentation, DNA content, and acridine orange and propidium iodide staining. RESULTS: After 24 h of 5-alkyl resorcinol treatment, both cell lines showed: (1) the typical morphological alterations of apoptosis; (2) DNA fragmentation, detected by laddering and appearance of a subG0 population by flow cytometry; and (3) condensed and fragmented nuclei by acridine orange-propidium iodide staining. CONCLUSION: Based on the results, this compound exerts its cytotoxic effect in both hepatocellular cell lines through apoptotic cell death. For Hep3B, cells with mutated p53 and Fas, apoptosis would proceed by p53- or Fas-independent pathways.展开更多
In our previous work, graphene-supported Pd catalyst(Pd/rGO) exhibited higher activity and selectivity for the liquid phase selective hydrogenation of resorcinol to 1,3-cyclohexanedione compared with other catalysts. ...In our previous work, graphene-supported Pd catalyst(Pd/rGO) exhibited higher activity and selectivity for the liquid phase selective hydrogenation of resorcinol to 1,3-cyclohexanedione compared with other catalysts. In the present study, further experimental and theoretical investigations were conducted to reveal the reaction mechanism and the catalytic mechanism of Pd/rGO for resorcinol hydrogenation. The effects of graphene nanosheet and the solvent on the reaction were investigated, and the pathway for resorcinol hydrogenation was proposed supported by density functional theory(DFT) calculations. The results showed that the excellent selectivity of Pd/rGO to 1,3-cyclohexanedione was attributed to the strong π–π and p–π interactions between the graphene nanosheet and the benzene ring as well as hydroxyl in resorcinol molecule, which was in agreement with our previous speculation. In weak polar aprotic solvents, solvation free energy had less impact to the π–π and p–π interactions mentioned above. In strong polar aprotic solvents and polar protic solvents,however, the influence of solvation free energy was much greater, which led to the decrease in the conversion of resorcinol and the selectivity to 1,3-cyclohexanedione.展开更多
Liquid–liquid equilibrium(LLE) data were measured for the ternary system of water + resorcinol + mesityl oxide under atmospheric pressure at temperatures of(298.2, 323.2, 333.2, 343.2 and 353.2) K. The reliability of...Liquid–liquid equilibrium(LLE) data were measured for the ternary system of water + resorcinol + mesityl oxide under atmospheric pressure at temperatures of(298.2, 323.2, 333.2, 343.2 and 353.2) K. The reliability of the experimental data was verified by the Hand and Bachman equations. The distribution coefficient and selectivity were calculated from the experimental LLE data, which showed high efficiency of mesityl oxide extracting resorcinol from the aqueous solution. The NRTL and UNIQUAC models were employed to fit the measured experimental LLE data and yield corresponding binary interaction parameters.展开更多
Phenolic compounds and their derivatives have been found in industrial wastewater, which pose threats to the natural environment. Ordered mesoporous carbon(OMC) has been identified as an ideal adsorbent possessing hig...Phenolic compounds and their derivatives have been found in industrial wastewater, which pose threats to the natural environment. Ordered mesoporous carbon(OMC) has been identified as an ideal adsorbent possessing high specific surface area and large pore volume to alleviate these pollutants. A novel ordered mesoporous carbon was prepared using COK-19 template with the cubic Fm3 m structure for the first time. Ordered mesoporous silica COK-19 was synthesized and reported in 2015. Sucrose as the carbon precursor was impregnated into the mesopores of silica and converted to carbon through carbonization process using sulfuric acid as a catalyst. Ordered mesoporous carbon was obtained after the removal of silica framework using hydrofluoric acid. Boric acid was employed for the preparation of OMCs with tunable pore sizes in the range of 6.9–16.6 nm. Several characterization techniques such as nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms, transmission electron microscope(TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Boehm titration and elemental analysis were employed to characterize the OMCs. The pore size analysis and TEM images confirmed that OMC has replicated the mesostructure of the COK-19. Results obtained from adsorption kinetics and isotherms suggest that the Pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm well described the experimental data.展开更多
In order to reduce the curing temperature, shorten the curing time of phenol-formaldehyde(PF) resin adhesive, and ensure the good water-solubility, NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 were used as compound catalysts. The influences of ...In order to reduce the curing temperature, shorten the curing time of phenol-formaldehyde(PF) resin adhesive, and ensure the good water-solubility, NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 were used as compound catalysts. The influences of the adding time of Ba(OH)_2, the adding amount of NaOH, Ba(OH)_2 and resorcinol on the properties of adhesives were studied. The properties of NaOH catalyzed phenol-formaldehyde(PF) adhesive, NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 compound catalyzed PF adhesive, NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 compound catalyzed phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde(PRF) adhesive, and the prepared recombinant bamboo with three kinds of adhesives were compared. The experimental results show that NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 compound catalyst not only shortens the curing time of PF adhesive, but also guarantees the suitable water solubility of adhesive. After copolycondensation with resorcinol, the curing time of adhesive is further shortened, the water solubility is improved obviously, and the highest bonding strength is obtained. Infrared spectrum analysis shows that the reaction activity point of NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 compound catalyzed PRF adhesive will increase, so that both the curing temperature and curing enthalpy decrease.展开更多
Factors affecting the gelation of resorcinol-formaldehyde systems have been examined overvariable ranges applicable to oilfield use. Gelation of resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) system wassensitive to pH,salinity and hard...Factors affecting the gelation of resorcinol-formaldehyde systems have been examined overvariable ranges applicable to oilfield use. Gelation of resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) system wassensitive to pH,salinity and hardness. Generally,this gel system could be used in fresh water orlow salinity brine at pH higher than about 9. The application would require careful monitoring ofinjection fluids to avoid premature gelation or prolonged shut-in times,especially under conditionsof low salinity and high pH. Salinity and hardness compatibilities of the system were improved bysulfomethylation of resorcinol. Aqueous sulfomethylated resorcinol formaldehyde (SMRF)system could be used in brine with higher salinity and hardness and at a wider pH range of 5--10.展开更多
Linear combination method of absorbances was used for the simultaneous determinationof phenol and resorcinol whose absorption spectra overlap severely in the compound resorcinolpaint.The determination wavelengths were...Linear combination method of absorbances was used for the simultaneous determinationof phenol and resorcinol whose absorption spectra overlap severely in the compound resorcinolpaint.The determination wavelengths were 265.0nm,270.0nm,273.4nm and 278.0nm.The averagerecoveries for phenol and resorcinol were 100.28±0.30% and 99.52±0.22%,respectively.展开更多
In order to improve the catalytic ozonation effect of resorcinol, the spinel CuFe_2O_4 was modified by doped CeO_2, and X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) were used for characterization analy...In order to improve the catalytic ozonation effect of resorcinol, the spinel CuFe_2O_4 was modified by doped CeO_2, and X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) were used for characterization analysis. The effects of composite catalyst CeO_2/CuFe_2O_4 dosage, ozone dosage, initial pH and reaction temperature on degradation were studied, and the stability of the catalyst was tested. The results showed that the composite effect of CeO_2/CuFe_2O_4 prepared by combustion method was good, and the catalyst presented a laminated structure, in which 30 wt% CeO_2/CuFe_2O_4 degradation effect was significant. The removal rate of resorcinol using CeO_2/CuFe_2O_4 composite catalyst was higher than that using ozone or CuFe_2O_4 separately by 41.8% and 11.9%, respectively. In a reaction with resorcinol concentration of 100 mg/L, the catalyst dosage of 1.0 g/L, the ozone dosage of 2.5 mg/(L·min), at pH=9, temperature of 20 ℃, for reaction time of 40 min, the resorcinol removal rate was 88.5%. The catalyst CeO_2/CuFe_2O_4 still showed good degradation effect after repeatedly using for 10 times, and the dissolution rate of metal ions was lower than that of CuFe_2O_4.展开更多
Low density polyethylene film surface-grafted resorcinol was prepared by a sequential process.Firstly, acrylic acid was grafted to the surface of low density polyethylene by UV photo-grafting.Secondly, the carboxylic ...Low density polyethylene film surface-grafted resorcinol was prepared by a sequential process.Firstly, acrylic acid was grafted to the surface of low density polyethylene by UV photo-grafting.Secondly, the carboxylic groups in poly（acrylic acid） chains were transferred to acyl chloride groups by the reaction of carboxylic groups with thionyl chloride.The stability of acyl chloride groups in several solvents（alcohol, water, acetone, aqueous NaOH and in N2 atmosphere） was investigated, and N2 atmosphere and acetone were appropriate media to protect acyl chloride groups from side reaction.Finally, resorcinol monomer reacted with acyl chloride to append to the poly（acrylic acid）chains at room temperature.FT-IR-ATR was used to characterize the change of carbonyl groups during each step of the grafting process.Furthermore, by the experimental data of gravimetric analysis the grafted resorcinol monomer on the surface of low density polyethylene film was verified to have undergone condensation with acetone further in the resorcinol/acetone solution at 56℃, which might be a useful feature for synthesizing a thermoplastic/thermosetting composition.展开更多
Real-time on-site monitoring of resorcinol(RS)concentrations is crucial for detecting hazardous levels,enabling prompt response measures to mitigate potential environmental and health risks.In this study,we developed ...Real-time on-site monitoring of resorcinol(RS)concentrations is crucial for detecting hazardous levels,enabling prompt response measures to mitigate potential environmental and health risks.In this study,we developed an innovative method using CoNi@CN-2 nanozymes to activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS)for oxidizing 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB).Our results show that the formation of Ni^(2+)through the oxidation of Ni^(0)on the CoNi@CN-2 surface significantly enhances the electron-donating capacity of Co^(0).The catalytic reaction of TMB is mediated by redox active species(SO_(4)^(•-),•O_(2)^(-),•OH and^(1)O_(2)).RS drives colorimetry by transferring electrons to the benzene ring and specific nitrogen atoms in ox-TMB,reducing ox-TMB to TMB.Furthermore,the colorimetric assay shows a robust linear correlation between RS concentration and absorbance(Abs),described by Abs=-0.44[RS]+0.886(0—200μmol/L,R^(2)=0.983).Also,we introduce a novel smartphone-integrated autonomous detection software that can analyze RS concentration and grayscale values(GSV),yielding GSV=0.327[RS]+63.601(0—200μmol/L,R^(2)=0.990)with a detection limit of 5.29μmol/L.Additionally,excess PMS leads to ROS attacking specific sites in ox-TMB,forming secondary oxidation products.This study has enabled rapid and accurate detection of RS,making a significant contribution to environmental safety and protection.展开更多
目的探究间苯三酚对舒芬太尼复合丙泊酚在宫腔镜手术应用时对患者呼吸循环的影响。方法收集2023年1月~2023年12月于首都医科大学附属复兴医院接受宫腔镜手术治疗的136例患者的临床资料进行回顾性研究,根据患者术前是否静脉滴注间苯三酚...目的探究间苯三酚对舒芬太尼复合丙泊酚在宫腔镜手术应用时对患者呼吸循环的影响。方法收集2023年1月~2023年12月于首都医科大学附属复兴医院接受宫腔镜手术治疗的136例患者的临床资料进行回顾性研究,根据患者术前是否静脉滴注间苯三酚将其分为对照组(n=60)和观察组(n=76)。对照组采用舒芬太尼联合丙泊酚进行麻醉诱导,观察组则在对照组基础上于术前静脉滴注间苯三酚。比较两组患者不同时间呼吸循环功能[平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)和呼吸频率(RR)]指标;比较两组患者麻醉效果;比较两组患者术后1 h Ramsay评分和视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分情况;比较两组患者手术前后免疫功能及术后不良反应发生情况。结果给药前和术毕时,两组患者呼吸循环功能指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);手术5 min时,观察组患者的MAP、RR水平均高于对照组患者,HR低于对照组患者[(85.98±10.12)mmHg vs.(72.89±6.02)mmHg、(15.63±1.56)次∕min vs.(12.04±2.75)次∕min,(75.26±8.54)次∕min vs.(82.65±5.13)次∕min],差异均有统计学意义(t=8.856、8.856、5.911,P<0.05)。观察组患者的麻醉起效时间和术后意识恢复时间均短于对照组患者,术后1 h VAS评分低于对照组患者,而术后1 h Ramsay评分高于对照组患者[(2.08±0.29)min vs.(2.48±0.45)min、(6.16±2.08)min vs.(9.28±1.52)min、(2.48±0.72)分vs.(2.76±0.82)分、(3.12±0.92)分vs.(2.71±0.89)分],差异均有统计学意义(t=6.275、9.742、2.118、2.618,P<0.05)。术前1 d,两组患者的T淋巴细胞亚群水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1 d,观察组患者血清中CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)水平及CD4^(+)∕CD8^(+)均高于对照组患者,而CD8^(+)水平低于对照组患者[(54.35±4.15)vs.(49.65±5.02)、(35.34±3.12)vs.(31.59±2.26)、(28.59±3.24)vs.(28.96±3.29)、(1.38±0.17)vs.(1.21±0.13)],差异均有统计学意义(5.977、7.827、6.406、0.657,P<0.05)。观察组患者术后不良反应总发生率为3.95%(3∕76),低于对照组患者的15.00%(9∕60),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.091,P<0.05)。结论宫腔镜手术患者舒芬太尼复合丙泊酚时应用间苯三酚可以改善患者呼吸循环、麻醉情况和免疫功能,并能够在一定程度上减少不良反应的发生,具有重要的临床应用价值。展开更多
文摘<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lithraea</span></i><span style="font-family:;" "=""> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">molleoides</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (Anacardiaceae) is a tree that grows in South America including Southern Brazil, Southern, and Eastern Bolivia, Southern Paraguay, Northern, and Central Argentina. Infusions, decoctions, or tinctures from its aerial parts (leaves, buds, and young stems) are employed in ethnomedicine mainly against respiratory, and digestive inflammations and illnesses. Antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive activities, among others, have been reported for </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">L.</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">molleoides</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. Many of its biological activities have been associated with the reported presence of 5-alkenyl resorcinols. Alkyl/alkenyl catechols and alkyl/alkenyl resorcinols are very common in members of the Anacardiaceae family and several activities have been attributed to them. This work describes the isolation and the structural elucidation of three new 5-alkenyl resorcinols isolated from </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lithraea</span></i> <i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">molleoides</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> reported in nature for the first time.</span></span>
基金supported by the Guangdong Industry Polytechnic University Student Research Project[grant numbers XSKYL202317]Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Product Technology Open Project[grant numbers GC202117].
文摘Phenylethyl resorcinol(PR)demonstrates inhibitory effects on multiple targets in the melanin synthesis pathway,resulting in a strong whitening effect.However,challenges such as limited solubility in water and susceptibility to oxidation and discoloration restrict its practical application in the cosmetics industry.In order to enhance stability and performance characteristics,a whitening nanostructured lipid carrier(NLC)was synthesized through high-pressure homogenization.This method entailed the incorporation of solid lipids,a liquid lipid,and a compound emulsifier,with deionized water fulfilling the roles of solid phase,liquid phase,and water phase,respectively.The NLC's particle size,Zeta potential,stability,encapsulation efficiency,and other parameters were assessed using techniques such as particle sizer,stability analyzer,and HPLC.The results showed that the NLC for phenylethyl resorcinol prepared by using the optimal formula(7.50%solid lipids,3.00%ethylhexyl palmitate,and 2.00%Tween 80 and soybean lecithin)has an encapsulation efficiency of 87.11%,a particle size of 157.2±0.70 nm,a kinetic instability of less than 1.2,and a greatly improved stability,thereby successfully solving the problems of unstable storage and poor solubility of phenylethyl resorcinol.
基金the Graduate School, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Prince of Songkla University for providing financial support
文摘Topical administration of phenylethyl resorcinol(PR) has attracted much attention as skin lightening agent with potent anti-tyrosinase activity. Two novel types of elastic carriers were developed to overcome the limitation of PR as topical delivery by increasing the solubility, stability and decreasing skin irritation compared to conventional liposomes. In addition, it also promotes skin penetration of PR to reach deep skin layer at the target site. The lead formulations were obtained from the invasomes containing 1%(w/v) d-limonene mixed with 10%(v/v) absolute ethanol as the skin enhancer, and transfersomes containing 15%(w/w) sodium deoxycholate(SDC) as edge activator. All formulations gave a vesicle size < 500 nm, polydispersity index(PDI) < 0.3, high zeta potential, entrapment efficiency > 50%, and good stability on storage at 30 °C at 75% RH for 4 months. Transfersomes have a lower degree of deformability(6.63%) than invasomes(25.26%). In contrast, the liposomes as rigid vesicles do not show a deformable property. This characteristic affects the skin permeation, and thus, transfersomes with high elastic property provided a significantly higher cumulative amount, steady state flux( J ss) and permeability coefficient( K p) compared to other formulations. However, in vitro PR accumulation in full-thickness newborn pig skin demonstrated that the application of elastic carrier formulations gave significantly higher accumulation than liposomes, and gave anti-tyrosinase activity up to 80%. These results are straightforwardly related to the results of cellular level study. Transfersomes and invasomes showed higher tyrosinase inhibition activity and melanin content reduction when compared to liposomes in B16 melanoma cells. In addition, acute irritation test in rabbits confirmed that these formulations are safe for skin application. Therefore, elastic vesicle carriers have theefficiency to deliver PR into the deep skin in both quantity and effectiveness which are better than conventional liposomes and appropriate for a skin lightening product.
基金the financial supports by the Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC21576158, 21476132, 21576159 and 21403130)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, China (No. 2015 ZRB01765)
文摘Porous carbon spheres are prepared by direct carbonization of potassium salt of resorcinol-formaldehyde resin spheres, and are investigated as COadsorbents. It is found that the prepared carbon materials still maintain the typical spherical shapes after the activation, and have highly developed ultra-microporosity with uniform pore size, indicating that almost the activation takes place in the interior of the polymer spheres. The narrow-distributed ultra-micropores are attributed to the "in-situ homogeneous activation"effect produced by the mono-dispersed potassium ions as a form of -OK groups in the bulk of polymer spheres. The CS-1 sample prepared under a KOH/resins weight ratio of 1 shows a very high COcapture capacity of 4.83 mmol/g and good CO/Nselectivity of7-45. We believe that the presence of a welldeveloped ultra-microporosity is responsible for excellent COsorption performance at room temperature and ambient pressure.
基金Supported by research grants from Agencia Nacional de Promocion Cientifi ca y Tecnologica of Argentina, No.PICT 8355, and from Universidad de Buenos Aires, No.B033 and B036
文摘AIM: To study the mechanism of cytotoxicity of a new active 5-alkyl resorcinol [1, 3-dihydroxy-5- (tridec-4’, 7’ -dienyl) benzene] isolated from Lithraea molleoides leaves on liver tumor cells. METHODS: Human hepatocarcinoma cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B) in culture were treated with inhibitory concentrations, 50% of the compound, for 24 h. The induction of apoptosis was detected in treated cells by analysis of DNA fragmentation, DNA content, and acridine orange and propidium iodide staining. RESULTS: After 24 h of 5-alkyl resorcinol treatment, both cell lines showed: (1) the typical morphological alterations of apoptosis; (2) DNA fragmentation, detected by laddering and appearance of a subG0 population by flow cytometry; and (3) condensed and fragmented nuclei by acridine orange-propidium iodide staining. CONCLUSION: Based on the results, this compound exerts its cytotoxic effect in both hepatocellular cell lines through apoptotic cell death. For Hep3B, cells with mutated p53 and Fas, apoptosis would proceed by p53- or Fas-independent pathways.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21476211)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LY16B060004,LY18B060016)
文摘In our previous work, graphene-supported Pd catalyst(Pd/rGO) exhibited higher activity and selectivity for the liquid phase selective hydrogenation of resorcinol to 1,3-cyclohexanedione compared with other catalysts. In the present study, further experimental and theoretical investigations were conducted to reveal the reaction mechanism and the catalytic mechanism of Pd/rGO for resorcinol hydrogenation. The effects of graphene nanosheet and the solvent on the reaction were investigated, and the pathway for resorcinol hydrogenation was proposed supported by density functional theory(DFT) calculations. The results showed that the excellent selectivity of Pd/rGO to 1,3-cyclohexanedione was attributed to the strong π–π and p–π interactions between the graphene nanosheet and the benzene ring as well as hydroxyl in resorcinol molecule, which was in agreement with our previous speculation. In weak polar aprotic solvents, solvation free energy had less impact to the π–π and p–π interactions mentioned above. In strong polar aprotic solvents and polar protic solvents,however, the influence of solvation free energy was much greater, which led to the decrease in the conversion of resorcinol and the selectivity to 1,3-cyclohexanedione.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21506066)the Guangzhou Technology Project(201804010219)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering(201708)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities SCUT
文摘Liquid–liquid equilibrium(LLE) data were measured for the ternary system of water + resorcinol + mesityl oxide under atmospheric pressure at temperatures of(298.2, 323.2, 333.2, 343.2 and 353.2) K. The reliability of the experimental data was verified by the Hand and Bachman equations. The distribution coefficient and selectivity were calculated from the experimental LLE data, which showed high efficiency of mesityl oxide extracting resorcinol from the aqueous solution. The NRTL and UNIQUAC models were employed to fit the measured experimental LLE data and yield corresponding binary interaction parameters.
基金supported by the University of Louisiana at Lafayette and Louisiana Board of Regents (Nos.LEQSFRD-C-15 and LEQSF-ENH-TR-32)
文摘Phenolic compounds and their derivatives have been found in industrial wastewater, which pose threats to the natural environment. Ordered mesoporous carbon(OMC) has been identified as an ideal adsorbent possessing high specific surface area and large pore volume to alleviate these pollutants. A novel ordered mesoporous carbon was prepared using COK-19 template with the cubic Fm3 m structure for the first time. Ordered mesoporous silica COK-19 was synthesized and reported in 2015. Sucrose as the carbon precursor was impregnated into the mesopores of silica and converted to carbon through carbonization process using sulfuric acid as a catalyst. Ordered mesoporous carbon was obtained after the removal of silica framework using hydrofluoric acid. Boric acid was employed for the preparation of OMCs with tunable pore sizes in the range of 6.9–16.6 nm. Several characterization techniques such as nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms, transmission electron microscope(TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Boehm titration and elemental analysis were employed to characterize the OMCs. The pore size analysis and TEM images confirmed that OMC has replicated the mesostructure of the COK-19. Results obtained from adsorption kinetics and isotherms suggest that the Pseudo-second-order model and Langmuir isotherm well described the experimental data.
基金Funded by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(2015M572276)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(2016JJ3184)the Hunan Major Science and Technology Projects(2011FJ1006)
文摘In order to reduce the curing temperature, shorten the curing time of phenol-formaldehyde(PF) resin adhesive, and ensure the good water-solubility, NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 were used as compound catalysts. The influences of the adding time of Ba(OH)_2, the adding amount of NaOH, Ba(OH)_2 and resorcinol on the properties of adhesives were studied. The properties of NaOH catalyzed phenol-formaldehyde(PF) adhesive, NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 compound catalyzed PF adhesive, NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 compound catalyzed phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde(PRF) adhesive, and the prepared recombinant bamboo with three kinds of adhesives were compared. The experimental results show that NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 compound catalyst not only shortens the curing time of PF adhesive, but also guarantees the suitable water solubility of adhesive. After copolycondensation with resorcinol, the curing time of adhesive is further shortened, the water solubility is improved obviously, and the highest bonding strength is obtained. Infrared spectrum analysis shows that the reaction activity point of NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 compound catalyzed PRF adhesive will increase, so that both the curing temperature and curing enthalpy decrease.
文摘Factors affecting the gelation of resorcinol-formaldehyde systems have been examined overvariable ranges applicable to oilfield use. Gelation of resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) system wassensitive to pH,salinity and hardness. Generally,this gel system could be used in fresh water orlow salinity brine at pH higher than about 9. The application would require careful monitoring ofinjection fluids to avoid premature gelation or prolonged shut-in times,especially under conditionsof low salinity and high pH. Salinity and hardness compatibilities of the system were improved bysulfomethylation of resorcinol. Aqueous sulfomethylated resorcinol formaldehyde (SMRF)system could be used in brine with higher salinity and hardness and at a wider pH range of 5--10.
文摘Linear combination method of absorbances was used for the simultaneous determinationof phenol and resorcinol whose absorption spectra overlap severely in the compound resorcinolpaint.The determination wavelengths were 265.0nm,270.0nm,273.4nm and 278.0nm.The averagerecoveries for phenol and resorcinol were 100.28±0.30% and 99.52±0.22%,respectively.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41772240)
文摘In order to improve the catalytic ozonation effect of resorcinol, the spinel CuFe_2O_4 was modified by doped CeO_2, and X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) were used for characterization analysis. The effects of composite catalyst CeO_2/CuFe_2O_4 dosage, ozone dosage, initial pH and reaction temperature on degradation were studied, and the stability of the catalyst was tested. The results showed that the composite effect of CeO_2/CuFe_2O_4 prepared by combustion method was good, and the catalyst presented a laminated structure, in which 30 wt% CeO_2/CuFe_2O_4 degradation effect was significant. The removal rate of resorcinol using CeO_2/CuFe_2O_4 composite catalyst was higher than that using ozone or CuFe_2O_4 separately by 41.8% and 11.9%, respectively. In a reaction with resorcinol concentration of 100 mg/L, the catalyst dosage of 1.0 g/L, the ozone dosage of 2.5 mg/(L·min), at pH=9, temperature of 20 ℃, for reaction time of 40 min, the resorcinol removal rate was 88.5%. The catalyst CeO_2/CuFe_2O_4 still showed good degradation effect after repeatedly using for 10 times, and the dissolution rate of metal ions was lower than that of CuFe_2O_4.
文摘Low density polyethylene film surface-grafted resorcinol was prepared by a sequential process.Firstly, acrylic acid was grafted to the surface of low density polyethylene by UV photo-grafting.Secondly, the carboxylic groups in poly（acrylic acid） chains were transferred to acyl chloride groups by the reaction of carboxylic groups with thionyl chloride.The stability of acyl chloride groups in several solvents（alcohol, water, acetone, aqueous NaOH and in N2 atmosphere） was investigated, and N2 atmosphere and acetone were appropriate media to protect acyl chloride groups from side reaction.Finally, resorcinol monomer reacted with acyl chloride to append to the poly（acrylic acid）chains at room temperature.FT-IR-ATR was used to characterize the change of carbonyl groups during each step of the grafting process.Furthermore, by the experimental data of gravimetric analysis the grafted resorcinol monomer on the surface of low density polyethylene film was verified to have undergone condensation with acetone further in the resorcinol/acetone solution at 56℃, which might be a useful feature for synthesizing a thermoplastic/thermosetting composition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22306076)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20230676)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(No.22KJB610011).
文摘Real-time on-site monitoring of resorcinol(RS)concentrations is crucial for detecting hazardous levels,enabling prompt response measures to mitigate potential environmental and health risks.In this study,we developed an innovative method using CoNi@CN-2 nanozymes to activate peroxymonosulfate(PMS)for oxidizing 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine(TMB).Our results show that the formation of Ni^(2+)through the oxidation of Ni^(0)on the CoNi@CN-2 surface significantly enhances the electron-donating capacity of Co^(0).The catalytic reaction of TMB is mediated by redox active species(SO_(4)^(•-),•O_(2)^(-),•OH and^(1)O_(2)).RS drives colorimetry by transferring electrons to the benzene ring and specific nitrogen atoms in ox-TMB,reducing ox-TMB to TMB.Furthermore,the colorimetric assay shows a robust linear correlation between RS concentration and absorbance(Abs),described by Abs=-0.44[RS]+0.886(0—200μmol/L,R^(2)=0.983).Also,we introduce a novel smartphone-integrated autonomous detection software that can analyze RS concentration and grayscale values(GSV),yielding GSV=0.327[RS]+63.601(0—200μmol/L,R^(2)=0.990)with a detection limit of 5.29μmol/L.Additionally,excess PMS leads to ROS attacking specific sites in ox-TMB,forming secondary oxidation products.This study has enabled rapid and accurate detection of RS,making a significant contribution to environmental safety and protection.
文摘目的探究间苯三酚对舒芬太尼复合丙泊酚在宫腔镜手术应用时对患者呼吸循环的影响。方法收集2023年1月~2023年12月于首都医科大学附属复兴医院接受宫腔镜手术治疗的136例患者的临床资料进行回顾性研究,根据患者术前是否静脉滴注间苯三酚将其分为对照组(n=60)和观察组(n=76)。对照组采用舒芬太尼联合丙泊酚进行麻醉诱导,观察组则在对照组基础上于术前静脉滴注间苯三酚。比较两组患者不同时间呼吸循环功能[平均动脉压(MAP)、心率(HR)和呼吸频率(RR)]指标;比较两组患者麻醉效果;比较两组患者术后1 h Ramsay评分和视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分情况;比较两组患者手术前后免疫功能及术后不良反应发生情况。结果给药前和术毕时,两组患者呼吸循环功能指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);手术5 min时,观察组患者的MAP、RR水平均高于对照组患者,HR低于对照组患者[(85.98±10.12)mmHg vs.(72.89±6.02)mmHg、(15.63±1.56)次∕min vs.(12.04±2.75)次∕min,(75.26±8.54)次∕min vs.(82.65±5.13)次∕min],差异均有统计学意义(t=8.856、8.856、5.911,P<0.05)。观察组患者的麻醉起效时间和术后意识恢复时间均短于对照组患者,术后1 h VAS评分低于对照组患者,而术后1 h Ramsay评分高于对照组患者[(2.08±0.29)min vs.(2.48±0.45)min、(6.16±2.08)min vs.(9.28±1.52)min、(2.48±0.72)分vs.(2.76±0.82)分、(3.12±0.92)分vs.(2.71±0.89)分],差异均有统计学意义(t=6.275、9.742、2.118、2.618,P<0.05)。术前1 d,两组患者的T淋巴细胞亚群水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后1 d,观察组患者血清中CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)水平及CD4^(+)∕CD8^(+)均高于对照组患者,而CD8^(+)水平低于对照组患者[(54.35±4.15)vs.(49.65±5.02)、(35.34±3.12)vs.(31.59±2.26)、(28.59±3.24)vs.(28.96±3.29)、(1.38±0.17)vs.(1.21±0.13)],差异均有统计学意义(5.977、7.827、6.406、0.657,P<0.05)。观察组患者术后不良反应总发生率为3.95%(3∕76),低于对照组患者的15.00%(9∕60),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.091,P<0.05)。结论宫腔镜手术患者舒芬太尼复合丙泊酚时应用间苯三酚可以改善患者呼吸循环、麻醉情况和免疫功能,并能够在一定程度上减少不良反应的发生,具有重要的临床应用价值。
