New simple and sensitive spectrophotometric determination of fluoride in drinking groundwater has been developed using aluminium-resorcin blue complex. The method is based on the reaction of fluoride with the coloured...New simple and sensitive spectrophotometric determination of fluoride in drinking groundwater has been developed using aluminium-resorcin blue complex. The method is based on the reaction of fluoride with the coloured complex to produce colourless aluminium fluoride complex and releasing of the free ligand. The relationship of the reaction of flu-oride with the complex is sixth-order polynomial function. The reaction reaches equilibrium at fluoride concentration of 0.054 mM. The equilibrium constant (Keq) was calculated as 1.12 × 1014. Beer-Lambert law is obeyed in the range 0.0 - 0.024 mM of fluoride (0.0 - 1.0 mg·L-1). The molar absorptivity at 502 nm is 6.45 × 103 L·mol-1·cm-1. Fluoride concentration higher than 1.0 mg·L-1 can be measured after proper dilution. The sensitivity, detection limit, quantitation limit, and the percentage recovery of 0.75 mg·L-1 fluoride for the method were found to be 0.357 μg·ml-1., 0.07 mg·L-1, 0.2 mg·L-1, and 101.1 respectively.展开更多
Synthetic resin, Amberlite XAD-4 was linked covalently with the third generation supramolecule, octa-O-methoxy resorcin [4] arene through -N=N-group to form chelating resin, which has been characterized and effectivel...Synthetic resin, Amberlite XAD-4 was linked covalently with the third generation supramolecule, octa-O-methoxy resorcin [4] arene through -N=N-group to form chelating resin, which has been characterized and effectively used for the separation and preconcentration of metal ions such as Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II). Critical parameters such as pH, flow rate, sorption capacity, breakthrough studies, distribution coefficient, preconcentration factor, concentration of eluting agents responsible for quantitative extraction of metal ions were optimized. The synthesized resin showed good binding affinity towards Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) under selective pH conditions. Good breakthrough capacity and fast exchange kinetics of the resin lead to effective separation of metal ions from their binary and ternary mixture by column method on the basis of pH and eluting agents. The resin could be reused for about 8 -10 cycles. The proposed method having the analytical data with the relative standard deviation (RSD) 2% and with recoveries of analytes higher than 98%, reflects upon the reproducibility and reliability of the method which has been successfully applied in the separation and determination of Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) ions in synthetic, natural and ground water samples.展开更多
Tetra-bromo-methyl-resorcin[4]arene cavitands were synthesized and C-2 position amine functionalized to obtain C-propyl-o-toluidine-methyl-resorcin[4]arene cavitand 4, and the crystal containing one solvate molecule o...Tetra-bromo-methyl-resorcin[4]arene cavitands were synthesized and C-2 position amine functionalized to obtain C-propyl-o-toluidine-methyl-resorcin[4]arene cavitand 4, and the crystal containing one solvate molecule of ethanol was obtained in a dichloromethane-ethanol solvent system, its structure crystallized in the monoclinic space group P2<sub>1</sub>/n, with a = 12.521(3) Å, b = 21.738(6) Å, c = 25.353(6) Å, α = 90˚, β = 102.372(4)˚, γ = 90˚, and Z = 4. The compound was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and characterized by <sup>1</sup>H NMR, FT-IR and elemental analyses.展开更多
Supramolecular aggregates,formed through the highly directional and reversible noncovalent assembly of building blocks,represent a cornerstone of modern materials science,enabling the creation of complex architectures...Supramolecular aggregates,formed through the highly directional and reversible noncovalent assembly of building blocks,represent a cornerstone of modern materials science,enabling the creation of complex architectures with emergent properties.Among the diverse molecular platforms available,resorcin[4]arene-derived cavitands have emerged as particularly powerful building units due to their intrinsic concave cavity,tunable geometry,and versatile functionalization capacity.This review highlights recent progress in the construction of functional supramolecular aggregates based on resorcin[4]arene cavitands,with a focus on their assembly strategies and wide-ranging applications.The review systematically covers several key types of aggregate systems:porous coordination aggregates(e.g.,metal-organic frameworks[MOFs])with stimuli-responsive properties,dynamic polymeric aggregates exhibiting self-healing behavior,sensing aggregates enabling differential detection,and therapeutic aggregates for combination therapy.These systems are unified by their exploitation of cavitands'unique host-vip chemistry and their ability to form well-defined superstructures through various noncovalent interactions.We emphasize how the precise manipulation of cavitand structure directs the assembly process and dictates the functional output of the resulting aggregates.Finally,we outline current challenges and future opportunities in this field,highlighting the potential of cavitand-based aggregates to enable next-generation technologies in sensing,catalysis,biomedicine,and energy materials.This review is expected to provide valuable insights and inspiration for researchers working in supramolecular chemistry and aggregate science.The construction of supramolecular aggregates triggered by macrocycles has become a thriving area of supramolecular chemistry.In this context,resorcinarene cavitands,a class of macrocyclic receptors with intrinsic cavities,have been drawn into the limelight because of their advantages,such as the concave-shaped structure,adjustable cavity size,favorable host-vip behavior,and ease of functionalization.They can induce organic and inorganic molecules to self-assemble into supramolecular aggregates through various bonding modes,including hydrophobic interactions,metal-ligand coordination,van der Waals forces,hydrogen bonding,electrostatic interactions,π-πstacking,and amphiphilic interactions.This minireview focuses on some representative resorcinarene cavitand-based assembly aggregates,including microporous MOFs,supramolecular polymers,sensor arrays,and multifunctional nanodrugs.Each section highlights recent advancements,structural characteristics,and functional applications of these aggregate systems.This review will provide useful information for researchers working on not only cavitand chemistry but also the chemistry of other macrocyclic hosts,and it will inspire new discoveries in the field of supramolecular assemblies and systems containing macrocyclic hosts.展开更多
文摘New simple and sensitive spectrophotometric determination of fluoride in drinking groundwater has been developed using aluminium-resorcin blue complex. The method is based on the reaction of fluoride with the coloured complex to produce colourless aluminium fluoride complex and releasing of the free ligand. The relationship of the reaction of flu-oride with the complex is sixth-order polynomial function. The reaction reaches equilibrium at fluoride concentration of 0.054 mM. The equilibrium constant (Keq) was calculated as 1.12 × 1014. Beer-Lambert law is obeyed in the range 0.0 - 0.024 mM of fluoride (0.0 - 1.0 mg·L-1). The molar absorptivity at 502 nm is 6.45 × 103 L·mol-1·cm-1. Fluoride concentration higher than 1.0 mg·L-1 can be measured after proper dilution. The sensitivity, detection limit, quantitation limit, and the percentage recovery of 0.75 mg·L-1 fluoride for the method were found to be 0.357 μg·ml-1., 0.07 mg·L-1, 0.2 mg·L-1, and 101.1 respectively.
文摘Synthetic resin, Amberlite XAD-4 was linked covalently with the third generation supramolecule, octa-O-methoxy resorcin [4] arene through -N=N-group to form chelating resin, which has been characterized and effectively used for the separation and preconcentration of metal ions such as Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II). Critical parameters such as pH, flow rate, sorption capacity, breakthrough studies, distribution coefficient, preconcentration factor, concentration of eluting agents responsible for quantitative extraction of metal ions were optimized. The synthesized resin showed good binding affinity towards Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) under selective pH conditions. Good breakthrough capacity and fast exchange kinetics of the resin lead to effective separation of metal ions from their binary and ternary mixture by column method on the basis of pH and eluting agents. The resin could be reused for about 8 -10 cycles. The proposed method having the analytical data with the relative standard deviation (RSD) 2% and with recoveries of analytes higher than 98%, reflects upon the reproducibility and reliability of the method which has been successfully applied in the separation and determination of Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) ions in synthetic, natural and ground water samples.
文摘Tetra-bromo-methyl-resorcin[4]arene cavitands were synthesized and C-2 position amine functionalized to obtain C-propyl-o-toluidine-methyl-resorcin[4]arene cavitand 4, and the crystal containing one solvate molecule of ethanol was obtained in a dichloromethane-ethanol solvent system, its structure crystallized in the monoclinic space group P2<sub>1</sub>/n, with a = 12.521(3) Å, b = 21.738(6) Å, c = 25.353(6) Å, α = 90˚, β = 102.372(4)˚, γ = 90˚, and Z = 4. The compound was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and characterized by <sup>1</sup>H NMR, FT-IR and elemental analyses.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22322107,22301174,and 22571190)the Shanghai Scientific and Technological Committee(22010500300).
文摘Supramolecular aggregates,formed through the highly directional and reversible noncovalent assembly of building blocks,represent a cornerstone of modern materials science,enabling the creation of complex architectures with emergent properties.Among the diverse molecular platforms available,resorcin[4]arene-derived cavitands have emerged as particularly powerful building units due to their intrinsic concave cavity,tunable geometry,and versatile functionalization capacity.This review highlights recent progress in the construction of functional supramolecular aggregates based on resorcin[4]arene cavitands,with a focus on their assembly strategies and wide-ranging applications.The review systematically covers several key types of aggregate systems:porous coordination aggregates(e.g.,metal-organic frameworks[MOFs])with stimuli-responsive properties,dynamic polymeric aggregates exhibiting self-healing behavior,sensing aggregates enabling differential detection,and therapeutic aggregates for combination therapy.These systems are unified by their exploitation of cavitands'unique host-vip chemistry and their ability to form well-defined superstructures through various noncovalent interactions.We emphasize how the precise manipulation of cavitand structure directs the assembly process and dictates the functional output of the resulting aggregates.Finally,we outline current challenges and future opportunities in this field,highlighting the potential of cavitand-based aggregates to enable next-generation technologies in sensing,catalysis,biomedicine,and energy materials.This review is expected to provide valuable insights and inspiration for researchers working in supramolecular chemistry and aggregate science.The construction of supramolecular aggregates triggered by macrocycles has become a thriving area of supramolecular chemistry.In this context,resorcinarene cavitands,a class of macrocyclic receptors with intrinsic cavities,have been drawn into the limelight because of their advantages,such as the concave-shaped structure,adjustable cavity size,favorable host-vip behavior,and ease of functionalization.They can induce organic and inorganic molecules to self-assemble into supramolecular aggregates through various bonding modes,including hydrophobic interactions,metal-ligand coordination,van der Waals forces,hydrogen bonding,electrostatic interactions,π-πstacking,and amphiphilic interactions.This minireview focuses on some representative resorcinarene cavitand-based assembly aggregates,including microporous MOFs,supramolecular polymers,sensor arrays,and multifunctional nanodrugs.Each section highlights recent advancements,structural characteristics,and functional applications of these aggregate systems.This review will provide useful information for researchers working on not only cavitand chemistry but also the chemistry of other macrocyclic hosts,and it will inspire new discoveries in the field of supramolecular assemblies and systems containing macrocyclic hosts.
