Urinary tract infections(UTIs)are among the most prevalent pediatric bacterial infections,and undertreated episodes may lead to renal scarring,hypertension,or chronic kidney disease.Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Enterobacte...Urinary tract infections(UTIs)are among the most prevalent pediatric bacterial infections,and undertreated episodes may lead to renal scarring,hypertension,or chronic kidney disease.Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Enterobacterales have been increasingly reported in children,with higher rates in Asian and Middle Eastern settings than in high-income countries[1,2].展开更多
The last research focuses on the role of exosomes in cancer treatment.Exosomes are extracellular vesicles.They can be secreted by cancer cells,and they can modulate chemotherapy sensitivity.Determining exosomal conten...The last research focuses on the role of exosomes in cancer treatment.Exosomes are extracellular vesicles.They can be secreted by cancer cells,and they can modulate chemotherapy sensitivity.Determining exosomal content opens the possibility for guiding treatment strategies for cancer diseases.Exosomal microRNA are considered one of the prime candidates for exosomal biomarkers.Exosomal circular RNAs represent excellent biomarkers for liquid biopsy because of their stability in many types of cancer.Exosomal proteins remain reliable biomarkers also.Exosomes have emerged as promising therapeutic candidates.Their biological properties render them ideal vectors for drug delivery.Genetic modification of exosomes is an effective way to deliver material capable of modulating cellular pathways involved in drug resistance.Furthermore,exosomes have been explored as carriers for metal-chelating agents.Integrating exosome-based therapies with traditional anticancer agents aims to exploit the natural targeting abilities of exosomes to enhance drug delivery.Despite the dynamic development of this field,many mechanisms of exosome action remain incompletely understood.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct further studies that will allow for a better understanding of their role in the process of resistance and will enable the development of effective therapeutic strategies.展开更多
Objective:To analyse the prevalence of serotypes,antibiotic resistance,and virulence genes of Group B Streptococcus(GBS)strains isolated from pregnant women at 35-37 weeks of gestation in Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam,from...Objective:To analyse the prevalence of serotypes,antibiotic resistance,and virulence genes of Group B Streptococcus(GBS)strains isolated from pregnant women at 35-37 weeks of gestation in Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam,from January 2022 to January 2023.Methods:GBS strains were isolated through selective culture methods and confirmed by PCR.Serotyping,virulence gene detection,and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using PCR,gel electrophoresis techniques and Kirby-Bauer test.Results:Totally,61 GBS isolated from 300 participants have been identified including seven GBS serotypes(Ⅰa,Ⅰb,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,andⅥ).SerotypesⅦ,Ⅷ,andⅨwere not detected in the study population.Antibiotic resistance patterns varied:13.1%of isolates were fully susceptible,while the majority showed multi-drug resistance,with 34.4%resistant to three antibiotics.SerotypeⅠa demonstrated high susceptibility(35.7%),while serotypeⅢshowed extensive resistance,with 87.5%being resistant to at least three antibiotics.All strains are susceptible to vancomycin andβ-lactams susceptibility also remained high,but resistance to clindamycin,erythromycin,and tetracycline was high(>65%).The virulence genes scpB,cylB,fbsB,and cfb were highly prevalent(90%-100%),indicating their potential for vaccine and diagnostic development.Conclusions:Our findings provide valuable insights into GBS serotypes,resistance,and virulence factors,contributing to community monitoring,preventive measures,diagnostics,and vaccine development.However,the limited sample size necessitates further research.展开更多
TiB_(2)coatings can significantly enhance the high-temperature oxidation resistance of molybdenum,which would broaden the application range of molybdenum and alloys thereof.However,traditional methods for preparing Ti...TiB_(2)coatings can significantly enhance the high-temperature oxidation resistance of molybdenum,which would broaden the application range of molybdenum and alloys thereof.However,traditional methods for preparing TiB_(2)coatings have disadvantages such as high equipment costs,complicated processes,and highly toxic gas emissions.This paper proposes an environmentally friendly method,which requires inexpensive equipment and simple processing,for preparing TiB_(2)coating on molybdenum via electrophoretic deposition within Na3AlF6-based molten salts.The produced TiB_(2)layer had an approximate thickness of 60μm and exhibited high density,outstanding hardness(38.2 GPa)and robust adhesion strength(51 N).Additionally,high-temperature oxidation experiments revealed that,at900℃,the TiB_(2)coating provided effective protection to the molybdenum substrate against oxidation for 3 h.This result indicates that the TiB_(2)coating prepared on molybdenum using molten salt electrophoretic deposition possesses good high-temperature oxidation resistance.展开更多
Type 2 diabetes mellitus has central complications:Diabetes,a metabolic disorder primarily characterized by hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin secretion,or impaired insulin signaling,has significant central com...Type 2 diabetes mellitus has central complications:Diabetes,a metabolic disorder primarily characterized by hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin secretion,or impaired insulin signaling,has significant central complications.Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),the most prevalent type of diabetes,affects more than 38 million individuals in the United States(approximately 1 in 10)and is defined by chronic hyperglycemia and insulin resistance,which refers to a reduced cellular response to insulin.展开更多
Background:Breakpoint Cluster Region-Abelson(BCR::ABL1)fusion protein is essential in the pathogenesis of chronic myeloid leukemia(CML);however,the chronic-to-blast phase transformation remains elusive.We identified n...Background:Breakpoint Cluster Region-Abelson(BCR::ABL1)fusion protein is essential in the pathogenesis of chronic myeloid leukemia(CML);however,the chronic-to-blast phase transformation remains elusive.We identified novel kinesin light chain 2(KLC2)mutations in CML-myeloid blast phase patients.We aimed to examine the functional role of KLC2 mutations in leukemogenesis.Methods:To evaluate the biological role of KLC2 mutants(MT)in CML cells,we expressed KLC2-MT in different human CML cell lines harboring BCR::ABL1 and performed immunoblot,immunofluorescence,cell proliferation,differentiation,and apoptosis;Tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI)-drug activities;and clonogenic assays for in vitro functional analyses.We co-expressed KLC2-MT and BCR::ABL1 in mouse bone marrow cells(BMCs)to evaluate their clonogenic and self-renewal abilities ex vivo.Furthermore,we examined tumorigenic activity and drug efficacy in the K562 xenograft model.Results:KLC2-MT overexpression in BCR::ABL1-positive K562 and KU812 CML cells promoted cell proliferation and clonogenic potential,decreased imatinib sensitivity,and reduced apoptosis.Serial colony replating assays revealed that KLC2-MT and BCR::ABL1 co-expression enhanced the self-renewal ability of mouse BMCs with immature morphology.In the K562 xenograft model,KLC2-MT enhanced tumorigenic potential and diminished imatinib efficacy.Further studies reported that KLC2-MT augmented signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)activation and nuclear accumulation in imatinib-treated CML cells.KLC2-WT and KLC2-MT interacted with mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2(SMAD2);however,the latter impaired transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β)–mediated SMAD2/3 activation while enhancing STAT3 phosphorylation.Conclusions:This study demonstrates the biological and functional importance of KLC2 mutation in CML cells,potentially enabling the development of better treatment strategies for CML patients carrying KLC2 mutations and providing enhanced understanding of the disease progression.展开更多
Many researchers have focused on the behavior of fiber-reinforced concrete(FRC)in the construction of various defensive structures to resist against impact forces resulting from explosions and projectiles.However,the ...Many researchers have focused on the behavior of fiber-reinforced concrete(FRC)in the construction of various defensive structures to resist against impact forces resulting from explosions and projectiles.However,the lack of sufficient research regarding the resistance of functionally graded fiber-reinforced concrete against projectile impacts has resulted in a limited understanding of the performance of this concrete type,which is necessary for the design and construction of structures requiring great resistance against external threats.Here,the performance of functionally graded fiber-reinforced concrete against projectile impacts was investigated experimentally using a(two-stage light)gas gun and a drop weight testing machine.For this objective,12 mix designs,with which 35 cylindrical specimens and 30 slab specimens were made,were prepared,and the main variables were the magnetite aggregate vol%(55%)replacing natural coarse aggregate,steel fiber vol%,and steel fiber type(3D and 5D).The fibers were added at six vol%of 0%,0.5%,0.75%,1%,1.25%,and 1.5%in 10 specimen series(three identical specimens per each series)with dimensions of 40×40×7.5 cm and functional grading(three layers),and the manufactured specimens were subjected to the drop weight impact and projectile penetration tests by the drop weight testing machine and gas gun,respectively,to assess their performance.Parameters under study included the compressive strength,destruction level,and penetration depth.The experimental results demonstrate that using the magnetite aggregate instead of the natural coarse aggregate elevated the compressive strength of the concrete by 61%.In the tests by the drop weight machine,it was observed that by increasing the total vol%of the fibers,especially by increasing the fiber content in the outer layers(impact surface),the cracking resistance and energy absorption increased by around 100%.Note that the fiber geometry had little effect on the energy absorption in the drop weight test.Investigating the optimum specimens showed that using 3D steel fibers at a total fiber content of 1 vol%,consisting of a layered grading of 1.5 vol%,0 vol%,and 1.5 vol%,improved the penetration depth by 76%and lowered the destruction level by 85%.In addition,incorporating the 5D steel fibers at a total fiber content of 1 vol%,consisting of the layered fiber contents of 1.5%,0%,and 1.5%,improved the projectile penetration depth by 50%and lowered the damage level by 61%compared with the case of using the 3D fibers.展开更多
Achieving ballistic impact resistance in a lightweight magnesium(Mg)alloy is a requirement of the aerospace and military industries.However,Mg alloy has poor ballistic impact resistance,mainly attributed to its soft n...Achieving ballistic impact resistance in a lightweight magnesium(Mg)alloy is a requirement of the aerospace and military industries.However,Mg alloy has poor ballistic impact resistance,mainly attributed to its soft nature and hexagonal close-packed(HCP)crystal structure.In the current study,we reported that the die-casted Mg-Gd-Y-Zn(WEZ)alloy displayed high ballistic impact resistance against a 7.62 mm steel core projectile under both low and high-velocity impact.Most specifically,a perfect ballistic impact resistance is achieved at velocities of 344 and 605 m s^(-1),having a depth of penetration of~12 and~25 mm,respectively.In addition,for a very high velocity of 810 m s^(-1),the projectile was impeded in the sheet but at the cost of a small hole/scab on the rear face.The potential reason is the“fibrous microstructure”,comprised of profuse blocky type long period stacking order(LPSOs),rod type LPSOs,lamellar LPSOs,and some rare earth(RE)enriched precipitates.These“microstructure features”act like a fiber reinforced α-Mg and play a decisive role in achieving high strength at super elevated temperature compression(500℃)under a high strain rate(~4000 s^(-1)),even much higher compared to 4000 s^(-1) at room temperature.As a result,this characteristic of WEZ Mg alloy leads to a high absorption ca-pacity at elevated temperatures(90.83~MJ m^(-3)).This high absorption capacity due to high strength at elevated temperatures,fibrous microstructure,and hardness(~80 HV)offered high resistance to impact and shock wave propagation.Consequently,the projectile experienced a high resistance against perforation,and therefore,ballistic impact resistance was achieved.Last but not least,the post-deformation features also help in understanding the stress mitigation of WEZ Mg alloy during ballistic impact,which can be advantageous while designing Mg alloys as a ballistic impact-resistant material.展开更多
The editor regrets that they inadvertently pasted the wrong figure during the production stage.The correct Fig.7 should be as below:The editor would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
Co-based alloy coating was prepared on Zr alloy using laser melting and cladding technique to study the difference in the high-temperature oxidation behavior between pure metal Co coatings and Co-T800 alloy coatings,a...Co-based alloy coating was prepared on Zr alloy using laser melting and cladding technique to study the difference in the high-temperature oxidation behavior between pure metal Co coatings and Co-T800 alloy coatings,as well as the wear resistance of the coatings.Besides,the effect of changing the laser melting process on the coatings was also investigated.The oxidation mass gain at 800–1200℃and the high-temperature oxidation behavior during high-temperature treatment for 1 h of two coated Zr alloy samples were studied.Results show that the Co coating and the Co-T800 coating have better resistance against high-temperature oxidation.After oxidizing at 1000℃for 1 h,the thickness of the oxide layer of the uncoated sample was 241.0μm,whereas that of the sample with Co-based coating is only 11.8–35.5μm.The friction wear test shows that the depth of the abrasion mark of the coated sample is only 1/2 of that of the substrate,indicating that the hardness and wear resistance of the Zr substrate are greatly improved.The disadvantage of Co-based coatings is the inferior corrosion resistance in 3.5wt%NaCl solution.展开更多
The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the effects of weight-lifting or resistance exercise on breast cancer-related lymphedema.Published articles written in English were retrieved from electronic datab...The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the effects of weight-lifting or resistance exercise on breast cancer-related lymphedema.Published articles written in English were retrieved from electronic databases,including ScienceDirect,PubMed,Scopus,and CINAHL databases.Hand-searches for unpublished papers were also completed.Content analysis was used to examine articles that met the inclusion criteria.Among 525 searched papers,15 papers met the inclusion criteria:13 trials evaluated weight-lifting or resistance exercise alone and two trials evaluated weight-lifting or resistance exercise plus aerobic exercise.The results of the review showed that no arm volume change was observed for either exercise modality.In addition,six included studies showed that weight-lifting or resistance exercise did not cause lymphedema or adverse events in patients at risk of breast cancer-related lymphedema.For patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema,six studies reported that change of swelling outcome measures were not significantly different between the weight-lifting or resistance exercise group and the control group.However,three included studies reported that volume of arm was significantly more reduced in the weight-lifting or resistance exercise group than those in the control group.The findings suggest that supervised resistance exercise may be safe,feasible,and beneficial in patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema or at risk for breast cancer-related lymphedema.However,the limitation of small sample size implies that further research is needed to confirm these findings.展开更多
Ammonia,toxic to aquaculture organisms,represents a potential problem in aquaculture systems,and the situation is exacerbated in closed and intensive shrimp farming operations,expecially for Litopenaeus vannamei.Asses...Ammonia,toxic to aquaculture organisms,represents a potential problem in aquaculture systems,and the situation is exacerbated in closed and intensive shrimp farming operations,expecially for Litopenaeus vannamei.Assessing the potential for the genetic improvement of resistance to ammonia in L.vannamei requires knowledge of the genetic parameters of this trait.The heritability of resistance to ammonia was estimated using two descriptors in the present study:the survival time(ST) and the survival status at half lethal time(SS_(50)) for each individual under high ammonia challenge.The heritability of ST and SS_(50) were low(0.154 4±0.044 6 and 0.147 5±0.040 0,respectively),but they were both significantly different from zero(P<0.01).Moreover,these two estimates were basically the same and showed no significant differences from each other(P>0.05),suggesting that ST and SS_(50) could be used as suitable indicators for resistance to ammonia.There were also positive phenotypic and genetic correlation between resistance to ammonia and body weight,which means that resistance to ammonia can be enhanced by the improvement of husbandry practices that increase the body weight.The results from the present study suggest that the selection for higher body weight does not have any negative consequences for resistance to ammonia.In addition to quantitative genetics,tools from molecular genetics can be applied to selective breeding programs to improve the efficiency of selection for traits with low heritability.展开更多
BACKGROUND Acute hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance is common in critically ill patients,typically managed with insulin infusion.However,the occurrence of transient extreme insulin resistance(EIR)requiring except...BACKGROUND Acute hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance is common in critically ill patients,typically managed with insulin infusion.However,the occurrence of transient extreme insulin resistance(EIR)requiring exceptional high-dose insulin is rare.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 68-year-old woman with pneumonia who suffered an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest,subsequently developing transient EIR following a new episode of sepsis.Remarkably,insulin resistance rapidly reversed when the insulin infusion rate peaked at 960 units/hour(a total of 18224 units on that day),and it was promptly titrated down to zero upon achieving the target glucose level.CONCLUSION Exceptional high-dose insulin infusion may be required in critically ill patients with stress-related EIR,which is typically transient.Clinicians should be aware of the phenomenon and cautious to avoid hypoglycemia and fluid overload during the steep titration of high-dose insulin infusion.展开更多
In-situ formed high Mn steel coating reinforced by carbides was formed by laser surface alloying(LSA).Laser alloyed layers on 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel with Mn+W_(2)C(specimen A),Mn+NiWC(specimen B)and Mn+SiC(specimen C)powder...In-situ formed high Mn steel coating reinforced by carbides was formed by laser surface alloying(LSA).Laser alloyed layers on 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel with Mn+W_(2)C(specimen A),Mn+NiWC(specimen B)and Mn+SiC(specimen C)powders were fabricated to improve the wear and corrosion behavior of 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel blades in high speed mixers.Microstructure evolution,phases,element distribution,microhardness,wear and corrosion behavior of the laser alloyed layers were investigated.Results indicated that high Mn steel matrix composites with undissolved W_(2)C,WC and other in-situ formed carbides were formed by LSA with Mn+W_(2)C and Mn+NiWC while SiC totally dissolved into the high Mn matrix when adding Mn+SiC.Ni as the binding phase in Ni-WC powder decreased the crack sensitivity of the alloyed layer as compared with the addition of W_(2)C powder.An improvement in average microhardness was achieved in the matrix in specimen A,B and C,with the value of 615,602 and 277 HV_(0.5),while that of the substrate was 212 HV_(0.5).The increase of microhardness,wear and corrosion resistance is highly corelated to microstructure,formed phases,type and content of carbides,micro-hardness and toughness of the alloyed layers.展开更多
BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance is a key factor influencing the treatment outcomes of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The antibiotic resistance spectrum of H.pylori varies in different regions.We investigated ...BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance is a key factor influencing the treatment outcomes of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The antibiotic resistance spectrum of H.pylori varies in different regions.We investigated the current status of antibiotic resistance of H.pylori in Hunan Province and analyzed the factors related to such resistance to provide strategies for the accurate clinical treatment of H.pylori infection.AIM To understand the antibiotic resistance of H.pylori in Hunan Province and provide guidance for the clinical treatment of H.pylori infection.METHODS This study selected patients who underwent gastroscopy in five hospitals in Hunan Province from April 2022 to April 2023.The sensitivity of H.pylori to clarithromycin,levofloxacin,metronidazole,amoxicillin,furazolidone,and tetracycline was detected using the Agar dilution method.RESULTS H.pylori strains from a total of 566 patients were isolated and identified.The resistance rates of H.pylori strains to clarithromycin,levofloxacin,metronidazole,amoxicillin,furazolidone,and tetracycline were 49.2%,37.8%,76.1%,2.3%,1.4%,and 0.7%,respectively.The resistance rates to clarithromycin,levofloxacin,and metronidazole were high in the four regions of Hunan Province,and the overall resistance rates in central Hunan Province were higher than those in other regions.The resistance rates of H.pylori strains to clarithromycin and levofloxacin were significantly different among the different age groups(P<0.05),with the elderly group having a higher resistance rate than the young group.The resistance rate of H.pylori strains to clarithromycin was greater in patients with atrophic gastritis,and the resistance rate to levofloxacin was the lowest in patients with peptic ulcers.CONCLUSION The resistance rate of H.pylori to amoxicillin,clarithromycin,and metronidazole is high in Hunan Province.Age,stomach disease,and H.pylori reinfection may affect the antibiotic resistance of H.pylori.展开更多
Powdery mildew negatively impacts wheat yield and quality.Emmer wheat(Triticum dicoccum),an ancestral species of common wheat,is a gene donor for wheat improvement.Cultivated emmer accession H1-707 exhibited all-stage...Powdery mildew negatively impacts wheat yield and quality.Emmer wheat(Triticum dicoccum),an ancestral species of common wheat,is a gene donor for wheat improvement.Cultivated emmer accession H1-707 exhibited all-stage resistance to powdery mildew over consecutive years.Genetic analysis of H1-707 at the seedling stage revealed a dominant monogenic inheritance pattern,and the underlying gene was designated Pm71.By employing bulked segregant exome sequencing(BSE-Seq)and using 2000 F2:3 families,Pm71 was fine mapped to a 336-kb interval on chromosome arm 6AS by referencing to the durum cv.Svevo RefSeq 1.0.Collinearity analysis revealed high homology in the candidate interval between Svevo and six Triticum species.Among six high-confidence genes annotated within this interval,TRITD6Av1G005050 encoding a GDSL esterase/lipase was identified as a key candidate for Pm71.展开更多
High performance fibers impregnated by shear thickening fluids(STFs) have been recognized as a kind of latent stab-resistant materials. In our work, the rheological properties of various nano-silica particles in diffi...High performance fibers impregnated by shear thickening fluids(STFs) have been recognized as a kind of latent stab-resistant materials. In our work, the rheological properties of various nano-silica particles in diffierent carriers were first investigated, some of which showed the typical characteristic of shear thickening phenomena.And then, the effiects of add-on and surface hydrophilicity of silica particles, the type and concentration of the carriers were discussed in detail. It was found that the systems of hydrophilic silica in ethylene glycol, butylenes glycol and polyethylene glycol(PEG) demonstrated shear thickening; moreover, the reversibility of rheological behaviors of hydrophilic silica-PEG300 suspensions indicated energy dissipation existed within a circulation of shear stress. Furthermore, the detail mechanism of STF based nano-silica particles was explored and a process diagram was presented. Finally, the stab-resistance and morphology of cutting edge of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) fabric impregnated STF composites were investigated and the results were analyzed.The higher silica add-on was benefit to the improvement of the stab resistance of the composites.展开更多
AIM: To establish an association between the serum leptin levels and the development of gallstone disease (GD).METHODS: We carried out a non-matched case-controlled study in a university hospital in Mexico City. Two h...AIM: To establish an association between the serum leptin levels and the development of gallstone disease (GD).METHODS: We carried out a non-matched case-controlled study in a university hospital in Mexico City. Two hundred and eighty-seven subjects were included: 97 cases with gallstones and 190 controls. Body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma leptin, insulin, serum lipid, and lipoprotein levels were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Unconditional logistic regression analysis (univariate and multivariate)stratified by BMI was used to calculate the risk of GD.RESULTS: The multivariate conditional regression analysis revealed a model for those patients with BMI ＜30. The selected variables in the model were HOMA-IR index with OR = 1.31, P= 0.02 and leptin higher than median with OR = 2.11, P= 0.05. In the stratum of BMI ≥30, we did not find a useful model.CONCLUSION: We concluded that insulin resistance and the development of GD appears to be associated with serum leptin levels in subjects with overweight, but not in obese subjects with similar metabolic profiles.展开更多
Exploring high-efficiency and broadband microwave absorption(MA)materials with corrosion resistance and low cost is ur-gently needed for wide practical applications.Herein,the natural porous attapulgite(ATP)nanorods e...Exploring high-efficiency and broadband microwave absorption(MA)materials with corrosion resistance and low cost is ur-gently needed for wide practical applications.Herein,the natural porous attapulgite(ATP)nanorods embedded with TiO_(2)and polyaniline(PANI)nanoparticles are synthesized via heterogeneous precipitation and in-situ polymerization.The obtained PANI-TiO_(2)-ATP one-di-mensional(1D)nanostructures can intertwine into three-dimensional(3D)conductive network,which favors energy dissipation.The min-imum reflection loss(RL_(min))of the PANI-TiO_(2)-ATP coating(20wt%)reaches-49.36 dB at 9.53 GHz,and the effective absorption band-width(EAB)can reach 6.53 GHz with a thickness of 2.1 mm.The excellent MA properties are attributed to interfacial polarization,mul-tiple loss mechanisms,and good impedance matching induced by the synergistic effect of PANI-TiO_(2)nanoparticle shells and ATP nanor-ods.In addition,salt spray and Tafel polarization curve tests reveal that the PANI-TiO_(2)-ATP coating shows outstanding corrosion resist-ance performance.This study provides a low-cost and high-efficiency strategy for constructing 1D nanonetwork composites for MA and corrosion resistance applications using natural porous ATP nanorods as carriers.展开更多
Multicomponent(Hf-Zr-Ta)B_(2)potentially provides improved ablation resistance compared with silicon-based ceramics.Here we deposited(Hf_(0.5-x/2)Zr_(0.5-x/2)Ta_(x))B_(2)(x=0,0.1,and 0.2)coatings onto C/C com-posites,...Multicomponent(Hf-Zr-Ta)B_(2)potentially provides improved ablation resistance compared with silicon-based ceramics.Here we deposited(Hf_(0.5-x/2)Zr_(0.5-x/2)Ta_(x))B_(2)(x=0,0.1,and 0.2)coatings onto C/C com-posites,and investigated their ablation behaviors under an oxyacetylene torch with a heat flux of 2.4 MW m^(-2).It was observed that the x=0.1 oxide scale bulged but was denser,and the x=0.2 oxide scale was blown away due to the formation of excessive liquid.Based on these findings,we further de-veloped a duplex(Hf-Zr-Ta)B_(2)coating that showed a linear recession rate close to zero(0.11μm s^(-1))after two 120-s ablation cycles.It is identified that the resulting oxide scale is mainly composed of(Hf,Zr)_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17)and(Hf,Zr,Ta)O_(2)by performing aberration-corrected(scanning)transmission electron microscopy.The protective mechanism is related to the peritectic transformation of orthorhombic-(Hf,Zr)_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17)to tetragonal-(Hf,Zr,Ta)O_(2)plus Ta-dominated liquid.This study contributes to the develop-ment of Ta-containing multicomponent UHTC bulk and coatings for ultra-high temperature applications.展开更多
文摘Urinary tract infections(UTIs)are among the most prevalent pediatric bacterial infections,and undertreated episodes may lead to renal scarring,hypertension,or chronic kidney disease.Multidrug-resistant(MDR)Enterobacterales have been increasingly reported in children,with higher rates in Asian and Middle Eastern settings than in high-income countries[1,2].
文摘The last research focuses on the role of exosomes in cancer treatment.Exosomes are extracellular vesicles.They can be secreted by cancer cells,and they can modulate chemotherapy sensitivity.Determining exosomal content opens the possibility for guiding treatment strategies for cancer diseases.Exosomal microRNA are considered one of the prime candidates for exosomal biomarkers.Exosomal circular RNAs represent excellent biomarkers for liquid biopsy because of their stability in many types of cancer.Exosomal proteins remain reliable biomarkers also.Exosomes have emerged as promising therapeutic candidates.Their biological properties render them ideal vectors for drug delivery.Genetic modification of exosomes is an effective way to deliver material capable of modulating cellular pathways involved in drug resistance.Furthermore,exosomes have been explored as carriers for metal-chelating agents.Integrating exosome-based therapies with traditional anticancer agents aims to exploit the natural targeting abilities of exosomes to enhance drug delivery.Despite the dynamic development of this field,many mechanisms of exosome action remain incompletely understood.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct further studies that will allow for a better understanding of their role in the process of resistance and will enable the development of effective therapeutic strategies.
文摘Objective:To analyse the prevalence of serotypes,antibiotic resistance,and virulence genes of Group B Streptococcus(GBS)strains isolated from pregnant women at 35-37 weeks of gestation in Ho Chi Minh City,Vietnam,from January 2022 to January 2023.Methods:GBS strains were isolated through selective culture methods and confirmed by PCR.Serotyping,virulence gene detection,and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using PCR,gel electrophoresis techniques and Kirby-Bauer test.Results:Totally,61 GBS isolated from 300 participants have been identified including seven GBS serotypes(Ⅰa,Ⅰb,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,Ⅴ,andⅥ).SerotypesⅦ,Ⅷ,andⅨwere not detected in the study population.Antibiotic resistance patterns varied:13.1%of isolates were fully susceptible,while the majority showed multi-drug resistance,with 34.4%resistant to three antibiotics.SerotypeⅠa demonstrated high susceptibility(35.7%),while serotypeⅢshowed extensive resistance,with 87.5%being resistant to at least three antibiotics.All strains are susceptible to vancomycin andβ-lactams susceptibility also remained high,but resistance to clindamycin,erythromycin,and tetracycline was high(>65%).The virulence genes scpB,cylB,fbsB,and cfb were highly prevalent(90%-100%),indicating their potential for vaccine and diagnostic development.Conclusions:Our findings provide valuable insights into GBS serotypes,resistance,and virulence factors,contributing to community monitoring,preventive measures,diagnostics,and vaccine development.However,the limited sample size necessitates further research.
基金supported by the Original Exploratory Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52450012)。
文摘TiB_(2)coatings can significantly enhance the high-temperature oxidation resistance of molybdenum,which would broaden the application range of molybdenum and alloys thereof.However,traditional methods for preparing TiB_(2)coatings have disadvantages such as high equipment costs,complicated processes,and highly toxic gas emissions.This paper proposes an environmentally friendly method,which requires inexpensive equipment and simple processing,for preparing TiB_(2)coating on molybdenum via electrophoretic deposition within Na3AlF6-based molten salts.The produced TiB_(2)layer had an approximate thickness of 60μm and exhibited high density,outstanding hardness(38.2 GPa)and robust adhesion strength(51 N).Additionally,high-temperature oxidation experiments revealed that,at900℃,the TiB_(2)coating provided effective protection to the molybdenum substrate against oxidation for 3 h.This result indicates that the TiB_(2)coating prepared on molybdenum using molten salt electrophoretic deposition possesses good high-temperature oxidation resistance.
基金supported by grants from NIH T32(DK007260,to WC)the Steno North American Fellowship awarded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation(NNF23OC0087108,to WC)+6 种基金STI2030-Major Projects(2021ZD0202700,to HY)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32241004,to HY)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(LR24C090001,to HY)Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(2024SSYS0017,to HY)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2019-12M-5-057,to HY)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(226-2022-00193,to HY)the Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2023-PT310-01,to HY)。
文摘Type 2 diabetes mellitus has central complications:Diabetes,a metabolic disorder primarily characterized by hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin secretion,or impaired insulin signaling,has significant central complications.Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM),the most prevalent type of diabetes,affects more than 38 million individuals in the United States(approximately 1 in 10)and is defined by chronic hyperglycemia and insulin resistance,which refers to a reduced cellular response to insulin.
基金supported by grants from the Ministry of Science and Technology,Taiwan(MOST108-2314-B-182-006,MOST109-2314-B-182-071:Lee-Yung Shih)the Ministry of Health and Welfare,Taiwan(MOHW110-TDU-B-212-134011:Lee-Yung Shih)+3 种基金Chang Gung Memorial Hospital(CMRPG3D1524,OMRPG3E0031:Lee-Yung Shih)the Grant-in-Aid for the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(JSPS)KAKENHI(JP19H05656:Seishi Ogawa,22K16320:Yotaro Ochi)the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development(AMED)(JP19cm0106501h0004,JP19ck0106250h0003:Seishi Ogawa)the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology of Japan(MEXT)(hp200138,hp210167:Seishi Ogawa)。
文摘Background:Breakpoint Cluster Region-Abelson(BCR::ABL1)fusion protein is essential in the pathogenesis of chronic myeloid leukemia(CML);however,the chronic-to-blast phase transformation remains elusive.We identified novel kinesin light chain 2(KLC2)mutations in CML-myeloid blast phase patients.We aimed to examine the functional role of KLC2 mutations in leukemogenesis.Methods:To evaluate the biological role of KLC2 mutants(MT)in CML cells,we expressed KLC2-MT in different human CML cell lines harboring BCR::ABL1 and performed immunoblot,immunofluorescence,cell proliferation,differentiation,and apoptosis;Tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI)-drug activities;and clonogenic assays for in vitro functional analyses.We co-expressed KLC2-MT and BCR::ABL1 in mouse bone marrow cells(BMCs)to evaluate their clonogenic and self-renewal abilities ex vivo.Furthermore,we examined tumorigenic activity and drug efficacy in the K562 xenograft model.Results:KLC2-MT overexpression in BCR::ABL1-positive K562 and KU812 CML cells promoted cell proliferation and clonogenic potential,decreased imatinib sensitivity,and reduced apoptosis.Serial colony replating assays revealed that KLC2-MT and BCR::ABL1 co-expression enhanced the self-renewal ability of mouse BMCs with immature morphology.In the K562 xenograft model,KLC2-MT enhanced tumorigenic potential and diminished imatinib efficacy.Further studies reported that KLC2-MT augmented signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)activation and nuclear accumulation in imatinib-treated CML cells.KLC2-WT and KLC2-MT interacted with mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 2(SMAD2);however,the latter impaired transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β)–mediated SMAD2/3 activation while enhancing STAT3 phosphorylation.Conclusions:This study demonstrates the biological and functional importance of KLC2 mutation in CML cells,potentially enabling the development of better treatment strategies for CML patients carrying KLC2 mutations and providing enhanced understanding of the disease progression.
文摘Many researchers have focused on the behavior of fiber-reinforced concrete(FRC)in the construction of various defensive structures to resist against impact forces resulting from explosions and projectiles.However,the lack of sufficient research regarding the resistance of functionally graded fiber-reinforced concrete against projectile impacts has resulted in a limited understanding of the performance of this concrete type,which is necessary for the design and construction of structures requiring great resistance against external threats.Here,the performance of functionally graded fiber-reinforced concrete against projectile impacts was investigated experimentally using a(two-stage light)gas gun and a drop weight testing machine.For this objective,12 mix designs,with which 35 cylindrical specimens and 30 slab specimens were made,were prepared,and the main variables were the magnetite aggregate vol%(55%)replacing natural coarse aggregate,steel fiber vol%,and steel fiber type(3D and 5D).The fibers were added at six vol%of 0%,0.5%,0.75%,1%,1.25%,and 1.5%in 10 specimen series(three identical specimens per each series)with dimensions of 40×40×7.5 cm and functional grading(three layers),and the manufactured specimens were subjected to the drop weight impact and projectile penetration tests by the drop weight testing machine and gas gun,respectively,to assess their performance.Parameters under study included the compressive strength,destruction level,and penetration depth.The experimental results demonstrate that using the magnetite aggregate instead of the natural coarse aggregate elevated the compressive strength of the concrete by 61%.In the tests by the drop weight machine,it was observed that by increasing the total vol%of the fibers,especially by increasing the fiber content in the outer layers(impact surface),the cracking resistance and energy absorption increased by around 100%.Note that the fiber geometry had little effect on the energy absorption in the drop weight test.Investigating the optimum specimens showed that using 3D steel fibers at a total fiber content of 1 vol%,consisting of a layered grading of 1.5 vol%,0 vol%,and 1.5 vol%,improved the penetration depth by 76%and lowered the destruction level by 85%.In addition,incorporating the 5D steel fibers at a total fiber content of 1 vol%,consisting of the layered fiber contents of 1.5%,0%,and 1.5%,improved the projectile penetration depth by 50%and lowered the damage level by 61%compared with the case of using the 3D fibers.
基金fully supported by the“National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.W2433126(RFIS-I),52274401,and 52250410344(RFIS-I))”.
文摘Achieving ballistic impact resistance in a lightweight magnesium(Mg)alloy is a requirement of the aerospace and military industries.However,Mg alloy has poor ballistic impact resistance,mainly attributed to its soft nature and hexagonal close-packed(HCP)crystal structure.In the current study,we reported that the die-casted Mg-Gd-Y-Zn(WEZ)alloy displayed high ballistic impact resistance against a 7.62 mm steel core projectile under both low and high-velocity impact.Most specifically,a perfect ballistic impact resistance is achieved at velocities of 344 and 605 m s^(-1),having a depth of penetration of~12 and~25 mm,respectively.In addition,for a very high velocity of 810 m s^(-1),the projectile was impeded in the sheet but at the cost of a small hole/scab on the rear face.The potential reason is the“fibrous microstructure”,comprised of profuse blocky type long period stacking order(LPSOs),rod type LPSOs,lamellar LPSOs,and some rare earth(RE)enriched precipitates.These“microstructure features”act like a fiber reinforced α-Mg and play a decisive role in achieving high strength at super elevated temperature compression(500℃)under a high strain rate(~4000 s^(-1)),even much higher compared to 4000 s^(-1) at room temperature.As a result,this characteristic of WEZ Mg alloy leads to a high absorption ca-pacity at elevated temperatures(90.83~MJ m^(-3)).This high absorption capacity due to high strength at elevated temperatures,fibrous microstructure,and hardness(~80 HV)offered high resistance to impact and shock wave propagation.Consequently,the projectile experienced a high resistance against perforation,and therefore,ballistic impact resistance was achieved.Last but not least,the post-deformation features also help in understanding the stress mitigation of WEZ Mg alloy during ballistic impact,which can be advantageous while designing Mg alloys as a ballistic impact-resistant material.
文摘The editor regrets that they inadvertently pasted the wrong figure during the production stage.The correct Fig.7 should be as below:The editor would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52071126)Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City,China(22JCQNJC01240)+2 种基金Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Hebei Province(226Z1009G)Special Funds for Science and Technology Innovation in Hebei(2022X19)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2308085ME135)。
文摘Co-based alloy coating was prepared on Zr alloy using laser melting and cladding technique to study the difference in the high-temperature oxidation behavior between pure metal Co coatings and Co-T800 alloy coatings,as well as the wear resistance of the coatings.Besides,the effect of changing the laser melting process on the coatings was also investigated.The oxidation mass gain at 800–1200℃and the high-temperature oxidation behavior during high-temperature treatment for 1 h of two coated Zr alloy samples were studied.Results show that the Co coating and the Co-T800 coating have better resistance against high-temperature oxidation.After oxidizing at 1000℃for 1 h,the thickness of the oxide layer of the uncoated sample was 241.0μm,whereas that of the sample with Co-based coating is only 11.8–35.5μm.The friction wear test shows that the depth of the abrasion mark of the coated sample is only 1/2 of that of the substrate,indicating that the hardness and wear resistance of the Zr substrate are greatly improved.The disadvantage of Co-based coatings is the inferior corrosion resistance in 3.5wt%NaCl solution.
文摘The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the effects of weight-lifting or resistance exercise on breast cancer-related lymphedema.Published articles written in English were retrieved from electronic databases,including ScienceDirect,PubMed,Scopus,and CINAHL databases.Hand-searches for unpublished papers were also completed.Content analysis was used to examine articles that met the inclusion criteria.Among 525 searched papers,15 papers met the inclusion criteria:13 trials evaluated weight-lifting or resistance exercise alone and two trials evaluated weight-lifting or resistance exercise plus aerobic exercise.The results of the review showed that no arm volume change was observed for either exercise modality.In addition,six included studies showed that weight-lifting or resistance exercise did not cause lymphedema or adverse events in patients at risk of breast cancer-related lymphedema.For patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema,six studies reported that change of swelling outcome measures were not significantly different between the weight-lifting or resistance exercise group and the control group.However,three included studies reported that volume of arm was significantly more reduced in the weight-lifting or resistance exercise group than those in the control group.The findings suggest that supervised resistance exercise may be safe,feasible,and beneficial in patients with breast cancer-related lymphedema or at risk for breast cancer-related lymphedema.However,the limitation of small sample size implies that further research is needed to confirm these findings.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2012AA10A404)the Qingdao Postdoctoral Science Foundation Funded Project(No.Q51201403)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31302179,31172402)the 948 Project from the Ministry of Agriculture of China(No.2015-Z17)the Improved Agricultural Breeds Engineering Project of Shandong Province-the Taishan Scholar Program for seed industry "Multi-Tarits Selective Breeding of New Variety and Its Industrialization"the Fundamental Research Funds for the Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences(No.20603022013011)
文摘Ammonia,toxic to aquaculture organisms,represents a potential problem in aquaculture systems,and the situation is exacerbated in closed and intensive shrimp farming operations,expecially for Litopenaeus vannamei.Assessing the potential for the genetic improvement of resistance to ammonia in L.vannamei requires knowledge of the genetic parameters of this trait.The heritability of resistance to ammonia was estimated using two descriptors in the present study:the survival time(ST) and the survival status at half lethal time(SS_(50)) for each individual under high ammonia challenge.The heritability of ST and SS_(50) were low(0.154 4±0.044 6 and 0.147 5±0.040 0,respectively),but they were both significantly different from zero(P<0.01).Moreover,these two estimates were basically the same and showed no significant differences from each other(P>0.05),suggesting that ST and SS_(50) could be used as suitable indicators for resistance to ammonia.There were also positive phenotypic and genetic correlation between resistance to ammonia and body weight,which means that resistance to ammonia can be enhanced by the improvement of husbandry practices that increase the body weight.The results from the present study suggest that the selection for higher body weight does not have any negative consequences for resistance to ammonia.In addition to quantitative genetics,tools from molecular genetics can be applied to selective breeding programs to improve the efficiency of selection for traits with low heritability.
文摘BACKGROUND Acute hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance is common in critically ill patients,typically managed with insulin infusion.However,the occurrence of transient extreme insulin resistance(EIR)requiring exceptional high-dose insulin is rare.CASE SUMMARY We present the case of a 68-year-old woman with pneumonia who suffered an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest,subsequently developing transient EIR following a new episode of sepsis.Remarkably,insulin resistance rapidly reversed when the insulin infusion rate peaked at 960 units/hour(a total of 18224 units on that day),and it was promptly titrated down to zero upon achieving the target glucose level.CONCLUSION Exceptional high-dose insulin infusion may be required in critically ill patients with stress-related EIR,which is typically transient.Clinicians should be aware of the phenomenon and cautious to avoid hypoglycemia and fluid overload during the steep titration of high-dose insulin infusion.
文摘In-situ formed high Mn steel coating reinforced by carbides was formed by laser surface alloying(LSA).Laser alloyed layers on 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel with Mn+W_(2)C(specimen A),Mn+NiWC(specimen B)and Mn+SiC(specimen C)powders were fabricated to improve the wear and corrosion behavior of 1Cr18Ni9Ti steel blades in high speed mixers.Microstructure evolution,phases,element distribution,microhardness,wear and corrosion behavior of the laser alloyed layers were investigated.Results indicated that high Mn steel matrix composites with undissolved W_(2)C,WC and other in-situ formed carbides were formed by LSA with Mn+W_(2)C and Mn+NiWC while SiC totally dissolved into the high Mn matrix when adding Mn+SiC.Ni as the binding phase in Ni-WC powder decreased the crack sensitivity of the alloyed layer as compared with the addition of W_(2)C powder.An improvement in average microhardness was achieved in the matrix in specimen A,B and C,with the value of 615,602 and 277 HV_(0.5),while that of the substrate was 212 HV_(0.5).The increase of microhardness,wear and corrosion resistance is highly corelated to microstructure,formed phases,type and content of carbides,micro-hardness and toughness of the alloyed layers.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82270594the Independent Exploration and Innovation Project of Central South University,No.2024ZZTS0966.
文摘BACKGROUND Antibiotic resistance is a key factor influencing the treatment outcomes of Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection.The antibiotic resistance spectrum of H.pylori varies in different regions.We investigated the current status of antibiotic resistance of H.pylori in Hunan Province and analyzed the factors related to such resistance to provide strategies for the accurate clinical treatment of H.pylori infection.AIM To understand the antibiotic resistance of H.pylori in Hunan Province and provide guidance for the clinical treatment of H.pylori infection.METHODS This study selected patients who underwent gastroscopy in five hospitals in Hunan Province from April 2022 to April 2023.The sensitivity of H.pylori to clarithromycin,levofloxacin,metronidazole,amoxicillin,furazolidone,and tetracycline was detected using the Agar dilution method.RESULTS H.pylori strains from a total of 566 patients were isolated and identified.The resistance rates of H.pylori strains to clarithromycin,levofloxacin,metronidazole,amoxicillin,furazolidone,and tetracycline were 49.2%,37.8%,76.1%,2.3%,1.4%,and 0.7%,respectively.The resistance rates to clarithromycin,levofloxacin,and metronidazole were high in the four regions of Hunan Province,and the overall resistance rates in central Hunan Province were higher than those in other regions.The resistance rates of H.pylori strains to clarithromycin and levofloxacin were significantly different among the different age groups(P<0.05),with the elderly group having a higher resistance rate than the young group.The resistance rate of H.pylori strains to clarithromycin was greater in patients with atrophic gastritis,and the resistance rate to levofloxacin was the lowest in patients with peptic ulcers.CONCLUSION The resistance rate of H.pylori to amoxicillin,clarithromycin,and metronidazole is high in Hunan Province.Age,stomach disease,and H.pylori reinfection may affect the antibiotic resistance of H.pylori.
基金financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32301800,32301923 and 32072053)Wheat Industrial Technology System of Shandong Province(SDAIT-01-01)Key Research and Development Project of Shandong Province(2022LZG002-4,2023LZGC009-4-4).
文摘Powdery mildew negatively impacts wheat yield and quality.Emmer wheat(Triticum dicoccum),an ancestral species of common wheat,is a gene donor for wheat improvement.Cultivated emmer accession H1-707 exhibited all-stage resistance to powdery mildew over consecutive years.Genetic analysis of H1-707 at the seedling stage revealed a dominant monogenic inheritance pattern,and the underlying gene was designated Pm71.By employing bulked segregant exome sequencing(BSE-Seq)and using 2000 F2:3 families,Pm71 was fine mapped to a 336-kb interval on chromosome arm 6AS by referencing to the durum cv.Svevo RefSeq 1.0.Collinearity analysis revealed high homology in the candidate interval between Svevo and six Triticum species.Among six high-confidence genes annotated within this interval,TRITD6Av1G005050 encoding a GDSL esterase/lipase was identified as a key candidate for Pm71.
文摘High performance fibers impregnated by shear thickening fluids(STFs) have been recognized as a kind of latent stab-resistant materials. In our work, the rheological properties of various nano-silica particles in diffierent carriers were first investigated, some of which showed the typical characteristic of shear thickening phenomena.And then, the effiects of add-on and surface hydrophilicity of silica particles, the type and concentration of the carriers were discussed in detail. It was found that the systems of hydrophilic silica in ethylene glycol, butylenes glycol and polyethylene glycol(PEG) demonstrated shear thickening; moreover, the reversibility of rheological behaviors of hydrophilic silica-PEG300 suspensions indicated energy dissipation existed within a circulation of shear stress. Furthermore, the detail mechanism of STF based nano-silica particles was explored and a process diagram was presented. Finally, the stab-resistance and morphology of cutting edge of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene(UHMWPE) fabric impregnated STF composites were investigated and the results were analyzed.The higher silica add-on was benefit to the improvement of the stab resistance of the composites.
基金Supported by the National Council of Science and Technology of Mexico (CONACYT)The Ministry of Health (SSA), Mexico project No. M0059-M9602 (NM-S and MU)
文摘AIM: To establish an association between the serum leptin levels and the development of gallstone disease (GD).METHODS: We carried out a non-matched case-controlled study in a university hospital in Mexico City. Two hundred and eighty-seven subjects were included: 97 cases with gallstones and 190 controls. Body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma leptin, insulin, serum lipid, and lipoprotein levels were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR). Unconditional logistic regression analysis (univariate and multivariate)stratified by BMI was used to calculate the risk of GD.RESULTS: The multivariate conditional regression analysis revealed a model for those patients with BMI ＜30. The selected variables in the model were HOMA-IR index with OR = 1.31, P= 0.02 and leptin higher than median with OR = 2.11, P= 0.05. In the stratum of BMI ≥30, we did not find a useful model.CONCLUSION: We concluded that insulin resistance and the development of GD appears to be associated with serum leptin levels in subjects with overweight, but not in obese subjects with similar metabolic profiles.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB3701503)the Key Research and Development Program of Ningbo,China(No.2023Z107)+1 种基金the Jiangsu Key R&D program,China(No.BE2019072)the special project of Gansu regional science and technology cooperation,China(No.20JR10 QA579).
文摘Exploring high-efficiency and broadband microwave absorption(MA)materials with corrosion resistance and low cost is ur-gently needed for wide practical applications.Herein,the natural porous attapulgite(ATP)nanorods embedded with TiO_(2)and polyaniline(PANI)nanoparticles are synthesized via heterogeneous precipitation and in-situ polymerization.The obtained PANI-TiO_(2)-ATP one-di-mensional(1D)nanostructures can intertwine into three-dimensional(3D)conductive network,which favors energy dissipation.The min-imum reflection loss(RL_(min))of the PANI-TiO_(2)-ATP coating(20wt%)reaches-49.36 dB at 9.53 GHz,and the effective absorption band-width(EAB)can reach 6.53 GHz with a thickness of 2.1 mm.The excellent MA properties are attributed to interfacial polarization,mul-tiple loss mechanisms,and good impedance matching induced by the synergistic effect of PANI-TiO_(2)nanoparticle shells and ATP nanor-ods.In addition,salt spray and Tafel polarization curve tests reveal that the PANI-TiO_(2)-ATP coating shows outstanding corrosion resist-ance performance.This study provides a low-cost and high-efficiency strategy for constructing 1D nanonetwork composites for MA and corrosion resistance applications using natural porous ATP nanorods as carriers.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Pro-gram of China(Grant No.2021YFA0715803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52293373,52130205,and 52302091)+1 种基金the Joint Fund of Henan Province Science and Technol-ogy R&D Program(No.225200810002)the ND Basic Research Funds of Northwestern Polytechnical University(No.G2022WD).
文摘Multicomponent(Hf-Zr-Ta)B_(2)potentially provides improved ablation resistance compared with silicon-based ceramics.Here we deposited(Hf_(0.5-x/2)Zr_(0.5-x/2)Ta_(x))B_(2)(x=0,0.1,and 0.2)coatings onto C/C com-posites,and investigated their ablation behaviors under an oxyacetylene torch with a heat flux of 2.4 MW m^(-2).It was observed that the x=0.1 oxide scale bulged but was denser,and the x=0.2 oxide scale was blown away due to the formation of excessive liquid.Based on these findings,we further de-veloped a duplex(Hf-Zr-Ta)B_(2)coating that showed a linear recession rate close to zero(0.11μm s^(-1))after two 120-s ablation cycles.It is identified that the resulting oxide scale is mainly composed of(Hf,Zr)_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17)and(Hf,Zr,Ta)O_(2)by performing aberration-corrected(scanning)transmission electron microscopy.The protective mechanism is related to the peritectic transformation of orthorhombic-(Hf,Zr)_(6)Ta_(2)O_(17)to tetragonal-(Hf,Zr,Ta)O_(2)plus Ta-dominated liquid.This study contributes to the develop-ment of Ta-containing multicomponent UHTC bulk and coatings for ultra-high temperature applications.
