The power transfer capability of the smart transmission gridconnected networks needs to be reduced by inter-area oscillations.Due to the fact that inter-area modes of oscillations detain and make instability of power ...The power transfer capability of the smart transmission gridconnected networks needs to be reduced by inter-area oscillations.Due to the fact that inter-area modes of oscillations detain and make instability of power transmission networks.This fact is more noticeable in smart grid-connected systems.The smart grid infrastructure has more renewable energy resources installed for its operation.To overcome this problem,a deep learning widearea controller is proposed for real-time parameter control and smart power grid resilience on oscillations inter-area modes.The proposed Deep Wide Area Controller(DWAC)uses the Deep Belief Network(DBN).The network weights are updated based on real-time data from Phasor measurement units.Resilience assessment based on failure probability,financial impact,and time-series data in grid failure management determine the norm H2.To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework,a time-domain simulation case study based on the IEEE-39 bus system was performed.For a one-channel attack on the test system,the resiliency index increased to 0.962,and inter-area dampingξwas reduced to 0.005.The obtained results validate the proposed deep learning algorithm’s efficiency on damping inter-area and local oscillation on the 2-channel attack as well.Results also offer robust management of power system resilience and timely control of the operating conditions.展开更多
In this study, an attempt has been made to review the existing framework of earthquake risk resiliency for the urban agglomerates of South Asian earthquake-prone countries (Afghanistan;Bangladesh;Bhutan, India, and Pa...In this study, an attempt has been made to review the existing framework of earthquake risk resiliency for the urban agglomerates of South Asian earthquake-prone countries (Afghanistan;Bangladesh;Bhutan, India, and Pakistan) with aim of suggesting a plausible model for earthquake risk resiliency for urban agglomerates of the region under the influence of uncontrollable climate change scenario. We demonstrated that the existing infrastructures can be retrofitted to mitigate and reduce the nature and extent of damages to structures to the greater extent whilst site response based comprehensive seismic microzonation is very much required for new settlements and for long-term sustainable urban planning by adopting multi-disciplinary investigations using integrated tools consisted of geophysical, geological, and geotechnical methodologies, which in turn help understand how and why underneath sub-surface layers get amplified to cause destruction of buildings and severe damages to critical infrastructures of South Asian Cities. It is inferred that implementation of fourth level comprehensive seismic Micro, Nano, Pico and Femto zonation study for almost all strategic cities of South Asia is a need of an hour in particular, and of the seismically prone regions of the world, in general, which would be helpful for generating a series of new parameters for development of multi-dimensional risk resilient building design codes for the safer and sustainable infrastructures of urban settlement. The methodology has wide-scale applicability to different kinds of structures and typology of the buildings.展开更多
Long Term Evolution （LTE）-based cellular networks are being deployed around the world to provide public safety with enhanced capabilities and access to broadband technology. In the United States, the First Responder...Long Term Evolution （LTE）-based cellular networks are being deployed around the world to provide public safety with enhanced capabilities and access to broadband technology. In the United States, the First Responder Network Authority （FirstNet） is on the verge of deploying a nationwide network called the National Public Safety Broadband Network （NPSBN）. Commercial networks typically aim at maximizing network capacity, i.e. the aggregate data rate, in order to increase revenue. However, in public safety networks, coverage, not capacity, is paramount, especially during an outage when sites are down. Through traffic control and preemption, the service level of low-priority users is reduced or denied, fleeing up resources to restore coverage to high-priority users, e.g. users responding to an incident. In this study, we examine the effect of outages on network coverage and throughput. As our main contribution, we propose three traffic-control schemes that exploit variable modulation and coding, a feature that LTE enhances with respect to its 3G predecessors. The schemes differ based on the proportion of low- and high-priority users preempted. We show that the network coverage can be restored significantly and we investigate the tradeoff between the three schemes. Finally, we perform sensitivity analysis to confirm the effectiveness of the schemes across a wide range of scenarios.展开更多
This paper aims to find strategic locations for additional Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) installation while considering resiliency of existing PMU measurement system. A virtual attack agent is modeled based on an op...This paper aims to find strategic locations for additional Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) installation while considering resiliency of existing PMU measurement system. A virtual attack agent is modeled based on an optimization framework. The virtual attack agent targets to minimize observability of power system by coordinated attack on a subset of critical PMUs. A planner agent is then introduced which analyzes the attack pattern of virtual attack agent. The goal of the planner agent is to mitigate the vulnerability posed by the virtual attack agent by placing additional PMUs at strategic locations. The ensuing problem is formulated as an optimization problem. The proposed framework is applied on 14, 30, 57 and 118 bus test systems, including a large 2383 node western polish test system to demonstrate the feasibility of proposed approach for large systems.展开更多
Background: Political conflicts and wars all over the world are global concerns which directly influence the lives of people including children. Over one billion children worldwide inhabit countries or territories tor...Background: Political conflicts and wars all over the world are global concerns which directly influence the lives of people including children. Over one billion children worldwide inhabit countries or territories torn apart by armed conflict, war, or terrorism. Purpose: The purpose of this review was to identify the best evidence on the Resiliency Process and Political Socialization among Palestinian Children Exposed to Political Traumatic Experience. Methods: An integrative review was used to assess the resiliency process and political socialization among Palestinian Children Exposed to Political Traumatic Experience. Data search was between 2009 and 2019 using ProQuest, Nursing Journal Publications, EBSCO, Jordanian Database for Nursing Research, WHO online library, scholar Google scholar, science direct, and PubMed. A total of 8 articles met the eligibility criteria. Results: The eight reviewed articles adopted descriptive analytic and cross-sectional studies. Themes were: Impact of psychological trauma on children, Political socialization process and Resiliency among children. Conclusion: Reviewed articles regarding children reaction to trauma and resiliency process showed that children varied in their responses. The studies showed that children were vulnerable to psychological harms and consequences of trauma that might include PTSD and others behavioral problems. At the same time, the studies confirmed that despite the harmful consequences they had positive adaptation and abilities to resist.展开更多
There are numerous contributing factors that shape an individual’s level of resiliency. The experience of childhood bullying (peer victimization), loneliness and resiliency is among them. There is growing research th...There are numerous contributing factors that shape an individual’s level of resiliency. The experience of childhood bullying (peer victimization), loneliness and resiliency is among them. There is growing research that associates childhood peer victimization to problematic patterns of emotional, behavioral, and academic adjustment among adolescents. The purpose of this literature review is to examine five key studies, which focus on the interplay among childhood bullying, loneliness and resiliency. These five key studies are selected based on the author’s assessment of their contribution and significance in data, perspective, and impact on further research.展开更多
Renewable energy resources play an important role in the realization of the carbon neutrality.The microgrid can efficiently integrate numerous renewable energy systems into power distribution systems to realize power ...Renewable energy resources play an important role in the realization of the carbon neutrality.The microgrid can efficiently integrate numerous renewable energy systems into power distribution systems to realize power supply resiliency and environmental affinity.This paper reviews the current trend of microgrid and networked microgrid technologies worldwide,particularly in Japan,including the Flexible,Reliable,and Intelligent Energy Delivery System(FRIENDS)and some other examples of the networked microgrid.Some recent digitalized control functions of the microgrid and related systems are also introduced.展开更多
The future of any business from banking,e-commerce,real estate,homeland security,healthcare,marketing,the stock market,manufacturing,education,retail to government organizations depends on the data and analytics capab...The future of any business from banking,e-commerce,real estate,homeland security,healthcare,marketing,the stock market,manufacturing,education,retail to government organizations depends on the data and analytics capabilities that are built and scaled.The speed of change in technology in recent years has been a real challenge for all businesses.To manage that,a significant number of organizations are exploring the Big Data(BD)infrastructure that helps them to take advantage of new opportunities while saving costs.Timely transformation of information is also critical for the survivability of an organization.Having the right information at the right time will enhance not only the knowledge of stakeholders within an organization but also providing them with a tool to make the right decision at the right moment.It is no longer enough to rely on a sampling of information about the organizations'customers.The decision-makers need to get vital insights into the customers'actual behavior,which requires enormous volumes of data to be processed.We believe that Big Data infrastructure is the key to successful Artificial Intelligence(AI)deployments and accurate,unbiased real-time insights.Big data solutions have a direct impact and changing the way the organization needs to work with help from AI and its components ML and DL.In this article,we discuss these topics.展开更多
Energy resilience is about ensuring a business and end-use consumers have a reliable,regular supply of energy and contingency measures in place in the event of a power failure,generating a source of power such as elec...Energy resilience is about ensuring a business and end-use consumers have a reliable,regular supply of energy and contingency measures in place in the event of a power failure,generating a source of power such as electricity for daily needs from an uninterrupted source of energy no matter either renewable or nonrenewable.Causes of resilience issues include power surges,weather,natural disasters,or man-made accidents,and even equipment failure.The human operational error can also be an issue for grid-power supply to go down and should be factored into resilience planning.As the energy landscape undergoes a radical transformation,from a world of large,centralized coal plants to a decentralized energy world made up of small-scale gas-fired production and renewables,the stability of electricity supply will begin to affect energy pricing.Businesses must plan for this change.The challenges that the growth of renewables brings to the grid in terms of intermittency mean that transmission and distribution costs consume an increasing proportion of bills.With progress in the technology of AI(Artificial Intelligence)integration of such progressive technology in recent decades,we are improving our resiliency of energy flow,so we prevent any unexpected interruption of this flow.Ensuring your business is energy resilient helps insulate against price increases or fluctuations in supply,becoming critical to maintaining operations and reducing commercial risk.In the form short TM(Technical Memorandum),this paper covers this issue.展开更多
Modern electric power grids face a variety of new challenges and there is an urgent need to improve grid resilience more than ever before. The best approach would be to focus primarily on the grid intelligence rather ...Modern electric power grids face a variety of new challenges and there is an urgent need to improve grid resilience more than ever before. The best approach would be to focus primarily on the grid intelligence rather than implementing redundant preventive measures. This paper presents the foundation for an intelligent operational strategy so as to enable the grid to assess its current dynamic state instantaneously. Traditional forms of real-time power system security assessment consist mainly of methods based on power flow analyses and hence, are static in nature. For dynamic security assessment, it is necessary to carry out time-domain simulations (TDS) that are computationally too involved to be performed in real-time. The paper employs machine learning (ML) techniques for real-time assessment of grid resiliency. ML techniques have the capability to organize large amounts of data gathered from such time-domain simulations and thereby extract useful information in order to better assess the system security instantaneously. Further, this paper develops an approach to show that a few operating points of the system called as landmark points contain enough information to capture the nonlinear dynamics present in the system. The proposed approach shows improvement in comparison to the case without landmark points.展开更多
Seismic Microzonation comprising study of site specific seismic Microtremor (H/V ratio) is deployed to generate seismological parameters (Peak Frequency, Peak Amplification, Site Vulnerability Index) that may help est...Seismic Microzonation comprising study of site specific seismic Microtremor (H/V ratio) is deployed to generate seismological parameters (Peak Frequency, Peak Amplification, Site Vulnerability Index) that may help estimate requisite factors for sound building design codes that can be used to construct risk resilient infrastructures. In this paper the site of Pakyong, Sikkim, India has been investigated by dividing it into three differed zones (Zone 1, Zone II, Zone III). The study area is associated with site amplification factor varying from 1.47 to 11.49 with corresponding frequency variations from 0.5 Hz - 12.5 Hz in which site vulnerability index found varied from 0.2 to 220.6. The anomalous subsurface formation with its high amplification corresponds to the centre of the Pakyong sites having conspicuous trend in NW-SE direction suggesting the existence of geological formations of Chlorite, Phyllite with intercalations of Quartzite beneath the centre of Pakyong site. The risk associated with vulnerability index for different zones maintains its variability as Zone I > Zone II > Zone III, indicating the low vulnerability index values are attributed to compact parts of the sub-surface materials with less amplifications whilst high vulnerability index of the site corresponds to relatively lower strength of the sub-surface materials and soft sediments underlying the Pakyong site which can be used for constructing risk resilient structure by enhancing the stiffness coefficient of the sub-surface by providing plausible engineering solutions for the purpose.展开更多
Resilience assessment of transportation infrastructure is a crucial aspect of ensuring the continued functionality of a city or region in the face of various disruptions.However,these infrastructures are also vulnerab...Resilience assessment of transportation infrastructure is a crucial aspect of ensuring the continued functionality of a city or region in the face of various disruptions.However,these infrastructures are also vulnerable to various types of disruptions,such as natural disasters.The ability of transportation infrastructures to withstand and recover from such disruptions is referred to as their resilience.This research presents a comprehensive framework to develop the resilience surface for assessing the resilience of transportation infrastructure such as bridges,roads,and tunnels.The framework involves the identification of the unique damage configurations through performing the fragility analysis,and the restoration of the infrastructures through developing recovery curves for each damage configuration by considering the relevant restoration data.The framework also considers the inherent uncertainty in the hazard intensity,modeling uncertainty,and restoration process.The framework is illustrated through the application to a case study of a highway bridge in Canada.The aim of this paper is to provide a useful tool for decision-makers to evaluate and improve the resilience of transportation infrastructures.展开更多
Lamar University established a Center for Resiliency in 2021 in response to the increasing natural and human-made disasters in the Southeast Texas region.Now more than ever a robust decision-making framework is essent...Lamar University established a Center for Resiliency in 2021 in response to the increasing natural and human-made disasters in the Southeast Texas region.Now more than ever a robust decision-making framework is essential for this recently established regional interdisciplinary resiliency center to make well-informed decisions,prioritize funding eff ectively,and nurture collaboration across various fields to help communities vulnerable to these threats.This article provides a progress update and presents a methodology integrating VOSviewer and Google Trends to develop such a decision-making framework for the Center for Resiliency at Lamar University in the Southeast Texas region.Four prominent study areas in resilience—Climate Stressors and Disasters,Mental Wellness,Energy and Optimization,and Resilience Planning—were identified.These findings were validated with real-time insights from Google Trends,ensuring practical relevance to recent resilience needs to provide an understanding of evolving resilience dynamics.Furthermore,the paper discusses the status of research conducted at the Lamar University Center for Resiliency,showcasing its commitment to fostering resilience through diverse initiatives across five academic colleges.Integrating VOSviewer and Google Trends off ers a robust framework for informed decision making,aligning research eff orts with the Southeast Texas region’s current and future resilience needs.展开更多
In the recent decade,a significant increase in the penetration level of renewable energy sources(RESs)into the distribution grid is evident due to the world’s shift towards clean energy and to increase the reliabilit...In the recent decade,a significant increase in the penetration level of renewable energy sources(RESs)into the distribution grid is evident due to the world’s shift towards clean energy and to increase the reliability or inboard manner resiliency of electrical distribution system.RES based microgrids are the most favorable option available,especially to enhance resiliency.However,the integration of RES over the distribution grid would hamper the grid stability due to its stochastic nature under normal conditions.During extreme weather conditions,RES behavior is completely uncertain.Hence there is a need to eliminate the adverse effects caused by the RES and make the distribution grid more reliable and stable under normal and resilient conditions.To address these issues,many researchers proposed several methods to place energy storage units(ESUs)and microgrids(RES integrated),which can support critical loads at an optimal location in the distribution system during normal and extreme conditions,respectively.The aim of this article is to consolidate and review the research towards various approaches to formulate the problem(optimal location,allocation,and operation of ESU and microgrids to face regular and extreme weather condition)and tools to solve it for enhanced system flexibility and resiliency.Based on the review,a generalized methodology has been designed to adapt the inputs and address both conditions.At the end of the review,future aspects for ESU to strengthen resistance and resiliency of its own are presented,which can be helpful to further improve the reliability and resiliency of the distribution system.展开更多
Fault restoration techniques have always been crucial for distribution system operators(DSOs).In the last decade,it started to gain more and more importance due to the introduction of output-based regulations where DS...Fault restoration techniques have always been crucial for distribution system operators(DSOs).In the last decade,it started to gain more and more importance due to the introduction of output-based regulations where DSO performances are evaluated according to frequency and duration of energy supply interruptions.The paper presents a tabu-searchbased algorithm able to assist distribution network operational engineers in identifying solutions to restore the energy supply after permanent faults.According to the network property,two objective functions are considered to optimize either reliability or resiliency.The mathematical formulation includes the traditional feeders,number of switching operation limit,and radiality constraints.Thanks to the DSO of Milan,Unareti,the proposed algorithm has been tested on a real distribution network to investigate its effectiveness.展开更多
This paper is divided into two parts. The first part addresses the resiliency and sustainability of steel and composite structures from a fundamental standpoint, and it is intended as an introduction to the other six ...This paper is divided into two parts. The first part addresses the resiliency and sustainability of steel and composite structures from a fundamental standpoint, and it is intended as an introduction to the other six papers that form part of this issue related to resiliency of steel structural systems in seismic areas. The paper posits the idea that resiliency is a characteristic that embodies sustainability rather than the traditional opposite point of view. The second part of the paper is divided into two sections, with the first section describing a number of retrofit technologies with recentering characteristics that have been developed for small, seismically deficient buildings in developing countries. The second section describes an innovative connection between circular concrete filled tubes and conventional beams with reduced flange sections consisting of steel and shape memory alloy bars and end plates. The connection has partial restraint behavior and strong recentering properties. This connection is used to demonstrate that some creative thinking can lead to innovative ways of addressing issues related to robustness, resiliency and sustainability of steel structures.展开更多
Resilience plays a crucial role in maintaining desirable ecosystem states and is a key objective of sustainable ecosystem management.This study synthesizes the concepts and measurement approaches of terrestrial ecosys...Resilience plays a crucial role in maintaining desirable ecosystem states and is a key objective of sustainable ecosystem management.This study synthesizes the concepts and measurement approaches of terrestrial ecosystem resilience and expounded on its spatio-temporal changes and influencing factors based on the literature over the past 50 years.Arid regions exhibited the lowest levels of spatial resilience,and the global ecosystem resilience showed a downward trend.In the focal regions,ecological resilience in Amazonian and Southeast Asian rainforest regions declined primarily driven by human activities such as deforestation and cropland expansion.Precipitation and temperature exerted bidirectional influences the resilience of ecosystems,indicating that ecosystem responses to climatic factors were non-monotonic.Evidence concerning anthropogenic factors such as land management and deforestation on ecosystem resilience were predominantly negative.Overall,this study provides a comprehensive synthesis of large scale terrestrial ecosystem resilience assessments,offering valuable insights for ecosystem protection and restoration policy development.展开更多
China’s economy demonstrated remarkable resilience in 2025,with its GDP exceeding RMB 140 trillion for the first time and achieving a five percent year-on-year growth.This performance marked the successful conclusion...China’s economy demonstrated remarkable resilience in 2025,with its GDP exceeding RMB 140 trillion for the first time and achieving a five percent year-on-year growth.This performance marked the successful conclusion of the 14th Five-Year Plan(2021-2025),during which the country’s economy achieved“four consecutive leaps,”expanding from RMB 110 trillion to 120 trillion,then to 130 trillion,and finally to 140 trillion.展开更多
Background:Self-esteem,life satisfaction,resilience,and coping strategies are closely linked to depression;however,their interrelationships and relative contributions to depressive outcomes remain insufficiently under...Background:Self-esteem,life satisfaction,resilience,and coping strategies are closely linked to depression;however,their interrelationships and relative contributions to depressive outcomes remain insufficiently understood.This study aimed to examine these associations in individuals with major depressive disorder(MDD)and healthy controls and to evaluate their predictive and mediating roles in depression.Methods:This analytical cross-sectional study included 311 participants(158 patients with MDD and 153 healthy controls)recruited from the Psychiatry Outpatient Clinics of Mugla Training and Research Hospital.Psychiatric diagnoses were confirmed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5(SCID-5).Groups were balanced for age,sex,and education using propensity score matching(PSM).Participants completed the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale,Satisfaction with Life Scale,Brief Resilience Scale,Brief COPE Inventory,and Beck Depression Inventory.Results:Compared with healthy controls,individuals with MDD reported significantly lower life satisfaction and resilience and higher depressive symptom severity,whereas self-esteem did not differ significantly between groups.Emotion-focused coping decreased with increasing depression severity,while avoidant coping showed a modest but significant increase in severe depression.Logistic regression analyses identified life satisfaction(OR=0.95,p=0.004)and resilience(OR=0.92,p=0.002)as significant protective predictors of depression.Mediation analyses demonstrated that life satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between self-esteem and depression,whereas resilience exerted a predominantly direct effect.Conclusion:Life satisfaction and resilience emerge as key protective factors against depression.Self-esteem appears to influence depressive outcomes indirectly through life satisfaction rather than through a direct effect.These findings underscore the importance of interventions that enhance resilience and promote positive evaluations of life in individuals at risk for depression.展开更多
Purpose-This study explores how managerial leadership and organizational innovation interact to enhance resilience and risk management in railway supply chains and how these capabilities contribute to sustained compet...Purpose-This study explores how managerial leadership and organizational innovation interact to enhance resilience and risk management in railway supply chains and how these capabilities contribute to sustained competitive advantage.It emphasizes the strategic importance of resilience in railway systems that face operational complexity,regulatory pressures and increasing exposure to systemic risks.Design/methodology/approach-A mixed-methods design was employed,integrating survey data from 186 railway organizations with six case studies involving railway operators,rolling stock manufacturers and supply chain partners across multiple regions.Constructs were measured using validated scales and hypothesized relationships were tested using Structural Equation Modeling(SEM).Case study interviews were analyzed thematically to provide contextual understanding of leadership practices and innovation strategies.Findings-The results confirm that transformational managerial leadership significantly predicts innovation adoption,which in turn strengthens resilience and risk management capabilities.Resilience emerged as a powerful driver of competitive advantage,reinforcing its role as a strategic capability rather than a reactive response to disruptions.Furthermore,innovation was shown to partially mediate the relationship between leadership and resilience,highlighting its function as the operational channel through which vision translates into capability.Originality/value-This study contributes to the literature by integrating the Resource-Based View(RBV)and Dynamic Capabilities(DC)framework into the context of railway supply chains.It is among the first to empirically validate the mediating role of innovation between leadership and resilience,offering both theoretical advancements and actionable strategies for building resilient and competitive railway systems.展开更多
文摘The power transfer capability of the smart transmission gridconnected networks needs to be reduced by inter-area oscillations.Due to the fact that inter-area modes of oscillations detain and make instability of power transmission networks.This fact is more noticeable in smart grid-connected systems.The smart grid infrastructure has more renewable energy resources installed for its operation.To overcome this problem,a deep learning widearea controller is proposed for real-time parameter control and smart power grid resilience on oscillations inter-area modes.The proposed Deep Wide Area Controller(DWAC)uses the Deep Belief Network(DBN).The network weights are updated based on real-time data from Phasor measurement units.Resilience assessment based on failure probability,financial impact,and time-series data in grid failure management determine the norm H2.To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework,a time-domain simulation case study based on the IEEE-39 bus system was performed.For a one-channel attack on the test system,the resiliency index increased to 0.962,and inter-area dampingξwas reduced to 0.005.The obtained results validate the proposed deep learning algorithm’s efficiency on damping inter-area and local oscillation on the 2-channel attack as well.Results also offer robust management of power system resilience and timely control of the operating conditions.
文摘In this study, an attempt has been made to review the existing framework of earthquake risk resiliency for the urban agglomerates of South Asian earthquake-prone countries (Afghanistan;Bangladesh;Bhutan, India, and Pakistan) with aim of suggesting a plausible model for earthquake risk resiliency for urban agglomerates of the region under the influence of uncontrollable climate change scenario. We demonstrated that the existing infrastructures can be retrofitted to mitigate and reduce the nature and extent of damages to structures to the greater extent whilst site response based comprehensive seismic microzonation is very much required for new settlements and for long-term sustainable urban planning by adopting multi-disciplinary investigations using integrated tools consisted of geophysical, geological, and geotechnical methodologies, which in turn help understand how and why underneath sub-surface layers get amplified to cause destruction of buildings and severe damages to critical infrastructures of South Asian Cities. It is inferred that implementation of fourth level comprehensive seismic Micro, Nano, Pico and Femto zonation study for almost all strategic cities of South Asia is a need of an hour in particular, and of the seismically prone regions of the world, in general, which would be helpful for generating a series of new parameters for development of multi-dimensional risk resilient building design codes for the safer and sustainable infrastructures of urban settlement. The methodology has wide-scale applicability to different kinds of structures and typology of the buildings.
文摘Long Term Evolution （LTE）-based cellular networks are being deployed around the world to provide public safety with enhanced capabilities and access to broadband technology. In the United States, the First Responder Network Authority （FirstNet） is on the verge of deploying a nationwide network called the National Public Safety Broadband Network （NPSBN）. Commercial networks typically aim at maximizing network capacity, i.e. the aggregate data rate, in order to increase revenue. However, in public safety networks, coverage, not capacity, is paramount, especially during an outage when sites are down. Through traffic control and preemption, the service level of low-priority users is reduced or denied, fleeing up resources to restore coverage to high-priority users, e.g. users responding to an incident. In this study, we examine the effect of outages on network coverage and throughput. As our main contribution, we propose three traffic-control schemes that exploit variable modulation and coding, a feature that LTE enhances with respect to its 3G predecessors. The schemes differ based on the proportion of low- and high-priority users preempted. We show that the network coverage can be restored significantly and we investigate the tradeoff between the three schemes. Finally, we perform sensitivity analysis to confirm the effectiveness of the schemes across a wide range of scenarios.
文摘This paper aims to find strategic locations for additional Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) installation while considering resiliency of existing PMU measurement system. A virtual attack agent is modeled based on an optimization framework. The virtual attack agent targets to minimize observability of power system by coordinated attack on a subset of critical PMUs. A planner agent is then introduced which analyzes the attack pattern of virtual attack agent. The goal of the planner agent is to mitigate the vulnerability posed by the virtual attack agent by placing additional PMUs at strategic locations. The ensuing problem is formulated as an optimization problem. The proposed framework is applied on 14, 30, 57 and 118 bus test systems, including a large 2383 node western polish test system to demonstrate the feasibility of proposed approach for large systems.
文摘Background: Political conflicts and wars all over the world are global concerns which directly influence the lives of people including children. Over one billion children worldwide inhabit countries or territories torn apart by armed conflict, war, or terrorism. Purpose: The purpose of this review was to identify the best evidence on the Resiliency Process and Political Socialization among Palestinian Children Exposed to Political Traumatic Experience. Methods: An integrative review was used to assess the resiliency process and political socialization among Palestinian Children Exposed to Political Traumatic Experience. Data search was between 2009 and 2019 using ProQuest, Nursing Journal Publications, EBSCO, Jordanian Database for Nursing Research, WHO online library, scholar Google scholar, science direct, and PubMed. A total of 8 articles met the eligibility criteria. Results: The eight reviewed articles adopted descriptive analytic and cross-sectional studies. Themes were: Impact of psychological trauma on children, Political socialization process and Resiliency among children. Conclusion: Reviewed articles regarding children reaction to trauma and resiliency process showed that children varied in their responses. The studies showed that children were vulnerable to psychological harms and consequences of trauma that might include PTSD and others behavioral problems. At the same time, the studies confirmed that despite the harmful consequences they had positive adaptation and abilities to resist.
文摘There are numerous contributing factors that shape an individual’s level of resiliency. The experience of childhood bullying (peer victimization), loneliness and resiliency is among them. There is growing research that associates childhood peer victimization to problematic patterns of emotional, behavioral, and academic adjustment among adolescents. The purpose of this literature review is to examine five key studies, which focus on the interplay among childhood bullying, loneliness and resiliency. These five key studies are selected based on the author’s assessment of their contribution and significance in data, perspective, and impact on further research.
文摘Renewable energy resources play an important role in the realization of the carbon neutrality.The microgrid can efficiently integrate numerous renewable energy systems into power distribution systems to realize power supply resiliency and environmental affinity.This paper reviews the current trend of microgrid and networked microgrid technologies worldwide,particularly in Japan,including the Flexible,Reliable,and Intelligent Energy Delivery System(FRIENDS)and some other examples of the networked microgrid.Some recent digitalized control functions of the microgrid and related systems are also introduced.
文摘The future of any business from banking,e-commerce,real estate,homeland security,healthcare,marketing,the stock market,manufacturing,education,retail to government organizations depends on the data and analytics capabilities that are built and scaled.The speed of change in technology in recent years has been a real challenge for all businesses.To manage that,a significant number of organizations are exploring the Big Data(BD)infrastructure that helps them to take advantage of new opportunities while saving costs.Timely transformation of information is also critical for the survivability of an organization.Having the right information at the right time will enhance not only the knowledge of stakeholders within an organization but also providing them with a tool to make the right decision at the right moment.It is no longer enough to rely on a sampling of information about the organizations'customers.The decision-makers need to get vital insights into the customers'actual behavior,which requires enormous volumes of data to be processed.We believe that Big Data infrastructure is the key to successful Artificial Intelligence(AI)deployments and accurate,unbiased real-time insights.Big data solutions have a direct impact and changing the way the organization needs to work with help from AI and its components ML and DL.In this article,we discuss these topics.
文摘Energy resilience is about ensuring a business and end-use consumers have a reliable,regular supply of energy and contingency measures in place in the event of a power failure,generating a source of power such as electricity for daily needs from an uninterrupted source of energy no matter either renewable or nonrenewable.Causes of resilience issues include power surges,weather,natural disasters,or man-made accidents,and even equipment failure.The human operational error can also be an issue for grid-power supply to go down and should be factored into resilience planning.As the energy landscape undergoes a radical transformation,from a world of large,centralized coal plants to a decentralized energy world made up of small-scale gas-fired production and renewables,the stability of electricity supply will begin to affect energy pricing.Businesses must plan for this change.The challenges that the growth of renewables brings to the grid in terms of intermittency mean that transmission and distribution costs consume an increasing proportion of bills.With progress in the technology of AI(Artificial Intelligence)integration of such progressive technology in recent decades,we are improving our resiliency of energy flow,so we prevent any unexpected interruption of this flow.Ensuring your business is energy resilient helps insulate against price increases or fluctuations in supply,becoming critical to maintaining operations and reducing commercial risk.In the form short TM(Technical Memorandum),this paper covers this issue.
文摘Modern electric power grids face a variety of new challenges and there is an urgent need to improve grid resilience more than ever before. The best approach would be to focus primarily on the grid intelligence rather than implementing redundant preventive measures. This paper presents the foundation for an intelligent operational strategy so as to enable the grid to assess its current dynamic state instantaneously. Traditional forms of real-time power system security assessment consist mainly of methods based on power flow analyses and hence, are static in nature. For dynamic security assessment, it is necessary to carry out time-domain simulations (TDS) that are computationally too involved to be performed in real-time. The paper employs machine learning (ML) techniques for real-time assessment of grid resiliency. ML techniques have the capability to organize large amounts of data gathered from such time-domain simulations and thereby extract useful information in order to better assess the system security instantaneously. Further, this paper develops an approach to show that a few operating points of the system called as landmark points contain enough information to capture the nonlinear dynamics present in the system. The proposed approach shows improvement in comparison to the case without landmark points.
文摘Seismic Microzonation comprising study of site specific seismic Microtremor (H/V ratio) is deployed to generate seismological parameters (Peak Frequency, Peak Amplification, Site Vulnerability Index) that may help estimate requisite factors for sound building design codes that can be used to construct risk resilient infrastructures. In this paper the site of Pakyong, Sikkim, India has been investigated by dividing it into three differed zones (Zone 1, Zone II, Zone III). The study area is associated with site amplification factor varying from 1.47 to 11.49 with corresponding frequency variations from 0.5 Hz - 12.5 Hz in which site vulnerability index found varied from 0.2 to 220.6. The anomalous subsurface formation with its high amplification corresponds to the centre of the Pakyong sites having conspicuous trend in NW-SE direction suggesting the existence of geological formations of Chlorite, Phyllite with intercalations of Quartzite beneath the centre of Pakyong site. The risk associated with vulnerability index for different zones maintains its variability as Zone I > Zone II > Zone III, indicating the low vulnerability index values are attributed to compact parts of the sub-surface materials with less amplifications whilst high vulnerability index of the site corresponds to relatively lower strength of the sub-surface materials and soft sediments underlying the Pakyong site which can be used for constructing risk resilient structure by enhancing the stiffness coefficient of the sub-surface by providing plausible engineering solutions for the purpose.
文摘Resilience assessment of transportation infrastructure is a crucial aspect of ensuring the continued functionality of a city or region in the face of various disruptions.However,these infrastructures are also vulnerable to various types of disruptions,such as natural disasters.The ability of transportation infrastructures to withstand and recover from such disruptions is referred to as their resilience.This research presents a comprehensive framework to develop the resilience surface for assessing the resilience of transportation infrastructure such as bridges,roads,and tunnels.The framework involves the identification of the unique damage configurations through performing the fragility analysis,and the restoration of the infrastructures through developing recovery curves for each damage configuration by considering the relevant restoration data.The framework also considers the inherent uncertainty in the hazard intensity,modeling uncertainty,and restoration process.The framework is illustrated through the application to a case study of a highway bridge in Canada.The aim of this paper is to provide a useful tool for decision-makers to evaluate and improve the resilience of transportation infrastructures.
文摘Lamar University established a Center for Resiliency in 2021 in response to the increasing natural and human-made disasters in the Southeast Texas region.Now more than ever a robust decision-making framework is essential for this recently established regional interdisciplinary resiliency center to make well-informed decisions,prioritize funding eff ectively,and nurture collaboration across various fields to help communities vulnerable to these threats.This article provides a progress update and presents a methodology integrating VOSviewer and Google Trends to develop such a decision-making framework for the Center for Resiliency at Lamar University in the Southeast Texas region.Four prominent study areas in resilience—Climate Stressors and Disasters,Mental Wellness,Energy and Optimization,and Resilience Planning—were identified.These findings were validated with real-time insights from Google Trends,ensuring practical relevance to recent resilience needs to provide an understanding of evolving resilience dynamics.Furthermore,the paper discusses the status of research conducted at the Lamar University Center for Resiliency,showcasing its commitment to fostering resilience through diverse initiatives across five academic colleges.Integrating VOSviewer and Google Trends off ers a robust framework for informed decision making,aligning research eff orts with the Southeast Texas region’s current and future resilience needs.
文摘In the recent decade,a significant increase in the penetration level of renewable energy sources(RESs)into the distribution grid is evident due to the world’s shift towards clean energy and to increase the reliability or inboard manner resiliency of electrical distribution system.RES based microgrids are the most favorable option available,especially to enhance resiliency.However,the integration of RES over the distribution grid would hamper the grid stability due to its stochastic nature under normal conditions.During extreme weather conditions,RES behavior is completely uncertain.Hence there is a need to eliminate the adverse effects caused by the RES and make the distribution grid more reliable and stable under normal and resilient conditions.To address these issues,many researchers proposed several methods to place energy storage units(ESUs)and microgrids(RES integrated),which can support critical loads at an optimal location in the distribution system during normal and extreme conditions,respectively.The aim of this article is to consolidate and review the research towards various approaches to formulate the problem(optimal location,allocation,and operation of ESU and microgrids to face regular and extreme weather condition)and tools to solve it for enhanced system flexibility and resiliency.Based on the review,a generalized methodology has been designed to adapt the inputs and address both conditions.At the end of the review,future aspects for ESU to strengthen resistance and resiliency of its own are presented,which can be helpful to further improve the reliability and resiliency of the distribution system.
文摘Fault restoration techniques have always been crucial for distribution system operators(DSOs).In the last decade,it started to gain more and more importance due to the introduction of output-based regulations where DSO performances are evaluated according to frequency and duration of energy supply interruptions.The paper presents a tabu-searchbased algorithm able to assist distribution network operational engineers in identifying solutions to restore the energy supply after permanent faults.According to the network property,two objective functions are considered to optimize either reliability or resiliency.The mathematical formulation includes the traditional feeders,number of switching operation limit,and radiality constraints.Thanks to the DSO of Milan,Unareti,the proposed algorithm has been tested on a real distribution network to investigate its effectiveness.
文摘This paper is divided into two parts. The first part addresses the resiliency and sustainability of steel and composite structures from a fundamental standpoint, and it is intended as an introduction to the other six papers that form part of this issue related to resiliency of steel structural systems in seismic areas. The paper posits the idea that resiliency is a characteristic that embodies sustainability rather than the traditional opposite point of view. The second part of the paper is divided into two sections, with the first section describing a number of retrofit technologies with recentering characteristics that have been developed for small, seismically deficient buildings in developing countries. The second section describes an innovative connection between circular concrete filled tubes and conventional beams with reduced flange sections consisting of steel and shape memory alloy bars and end plates. The connection has partial restraint behavior and strong recentering properties. This connection is used to demonstrate that some creative thinking can lead to innovative ways of addressing issues related to robustness, resiliency and sustainability of steel structures.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants No.42522105 and 42171088)the 111 Project of China(Grant No.B23027)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China.
文摘Resilience plays a crucial role in maintaining desirable ecosystem states and is a key objective of sustainable ecosystem management.This study synthesizes the concepts and measurement approaches of terrestrial ecosystem resilience and expounded on its spatio-temporal changes and influencing factors based on the literature over the past 50 years.Arid regions exhibited the lowest levels of spatial resilience,and the global ecosystem resilience showed a downward trend.In the focal regions,ecological resilience in Amazonian and Southeast Asian rainforest regions declined primarily driven by human activities such as deforestation and cropland expansion.Precipitation and temperature exerted bidirectional influences the resilience of ecosystems,indicating that ecosystem responses to climatic factors were non-monotonic.Evidence concerning anthropogenic factors such as land management and deforestation on ecosystem resilience were predominantly negative.Overall,this study provides a comprehensive synthesis of large scale terrestrial ecosystem resilience assessments,offering valuable insights for ecosystem protection and restoration policy development.
文摘China’s economy demonstrated remarkable resilience in 2025,with its GDP exceeding RMB 140 trillion for the first time and achieving a five percent year-on-year growth.This performance marked the successful conclusion of the 14th Five-Year Plan(2021-2025),during which the country’s economy achieved“four consecutive leaps,”expanding from RMB 110 trillion to 120 trillion,then to 130 trillion,and finally to 140 trillion.
文摘Background:Self-esteem,life satisfaction,resilience,and coping strategies are closely linked to depression;however,their interrelationships and relative contributions to depressive outcomes remain insufficiently understood.This study aimed to examine these associations in individuals with major depressive disorder(MDD)and healthy controls and to evaluate their predictive and mediating roles in depression.Methods:This analytical cross-sectional study included 311 participants(158 patients with MDD and 153 healthy controls)recruited from the Psychiatry Outpatient Clinics of Mugla Training and Research Hospital.Psychiatric diagnoses were confirmed using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5(SCID-5).Groups were balanced for age,sex,and education using propensity score matching(PSM).Participants completed the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale,Satisfaction with Life Scale,Brief Resilience Scale,Brief COPE Inventory,and Beck Depression Inventory.Results:Compared with healthy controls,individuals with MDD reported significantly lower life satisfaction and resilience and higher depressive symptom severity,whereas self-esteem did not differ significantly between groups.Emotion-focused coping decreased with increasing depression severity,while avoidant coping showed a modest but significant increase in severe depression.Logistic regression analyses identified life satisfaction(OR=0.95,p=0.004)and resilience(OR=0.92,p=0.002)as significant protective predictors of depression.Mediation analyses demonstrated that life satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between self-esteem and depression,whereas resilience exerted a predominantly direct effect.Conclusion:Life satisfaction and resilience emerge as key protective factors against depression.Self-esteem appears to influence depressive outcomes indirectly through life satisfaction rather than through a direct effect.These findings underscore the importance of interventions that enhance resilience and promote positive evaluations of life in individuals at risk for depression.
文摘Purpose-This study explores how managerial leadership and organizational innovation interact to enhance resilience and risk management in railway supply chains and how these capabilities contribute to sustained competitive advantage.It emphasizes the strategic importance of resilience in railway systems that face operational complexity,regulatory pressures and increasing exposure to systemic risks.Design/methodology/approach-A mixed-methods design was employed,integrating survey data from 186 railway organizations with six case studies involving railway operators,rolling stock manufacturers and supply chain partners across multiple regions.Constructs were measured using validated scales and hypothesized relationships were tested using Structural Equation Modeling(SEM).Case study interviews were analyzed thematically to provide contextual understanding of leadership practices and innovation strategies.Findings-The results confirm that transformational managerial leadership significantly predicts innovation adoption,which in turn strengthens resilience and risk management capabilities.Resilience emerged as a powerful driver of competitive advantage,reinforcing its role as a strategic capability rather than a reactive response to disruptions.Furthermore,innovation was shown to partially mediate the relationship between leadership and resilience,highlighting its function as the operational channel through which vision translates into capability.Originality/value-This study contributes to the literature by integrating the Resource-Based View(RBV)and Dynamic Capabilities(DC)framework into the context of railway supply chains.It is among the first to empirically validate the mediating role of innovation between leadership and resilience,offering both theoretical advancements and actionable strategies for building resilient and competitive railway systems.
