Based on a large number of domestic literature reviews with related research abroad, academic standards and issues awareness have been intensified in domestic tourism geography, disciplinary consciousness and innovati...Based on a large number of domestic literature reviews with related research abroad, academic standards and issues awareness have been intensified in domestic tourism geography, disciplinary consciousness and innovation enhancement. Hence, some valuable achievements have been made in the areas of tourism resources, tourism regional system, the spatial structure of tourism, tourism flow, ecotourism, tourism industry, tourism planning and tourism impacts, which strengthened the traditional advantages of research, expanded new areas of research and made research trends diverse. Meanwhile, with innovation of research methods, tourism geography in China is getting more and more internationally-oriented and reflecting Chinese characteristics. Research trends of China＇s tourism geography are prospected： 1） Catering to national strategic needs, persisting problem-oriented, strengthening the metatheoretical research, and building Chinese ＂localization＂ of theory of tourism geography and method system. 2） Introducing and assimilating foreign theories and research methods, while focusing on explaining new tourism phenomena and problems in the domestic socio-economic background. 3） Concerning about the new regional spatial processes of demographic process, social process, and spatial process in new tourism trend. 4） Exploring interactive process and mechanism of man-land relationship and new models to develop territorial space under the tourism impacts. 5） Exploring important research issues of tourism geography in global, national, regional and local scales, from the point of view of spatial differentiation, scale transformation, interaction of man and nature, creating tourism geography interpretation system based on ＂process-structure-mechanism＂ of China. 6） Building theoretical system actively, while strengthening application-oriented research, and focusing on tourism poverty alleviation, tourism and heritage protection, national parks＇ construction and other hot issues. Faced with econometrics research boom, we should return to rational thinking, using big data scientifically, while paying attention to the important role of qualitative evaluation in future research.展开更多
Periprosthetic fracture of femur is a common and complex complication after joint replacement. With the increase of operation volume, its incidence is increasing year by year. The treatment of this fracture is affecte...Periprosthetic fracture of femur is a common and complex complication after joint replacement. With the increase of operation volume, its incidence is increasing year by year. The treatment of this fracture is affected by many factors, including fracture type, prosthesis stability, patient age and comorbidities, and individualized treatment strategy is needed. In recent years, the internal fixation technology and prosthetic revision technology have made significant progress in surgical treatment, such as locking steel plate, titanium cable and bridge combined internal fixation system and other new technologies have effectively improved the treatment effect. In addition, the application of new materials and 3D printing technology, as well as the optimization of multidisciplinary cooperation mode, also provide new ideas for the treatment of complex fractures. However, there are still some problems such as inaccurate diagnosis, difficult choice of treatment options and high incidence of postoperative complications. In the future, technological innovation, the introduction of artificial intelligence and big data, and the further development of personalized treatment will bring more possibilities to improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients. This study summarizes the relevant research results and prospects the future development direction, providing references for clinical practice and subsequent research.展开更多
With the environmental deterioration caused by the advance of climate change, soil salinization is a serious and growing global problem. Currently about 7% of the world＇s land surface is threatened by salinization. C...With the environmental deterioration caused by the advance of climate change, soil salinization is a serious and growing global problem. Currently about 7% of the world＇s land surface is threatened by salinization. China is a country whose soils are severely affected by this problem, which, due to its extensive area, and wide distribution poses a serious threat to regional agricultural development. In this review, we summarize the framework for soil salinization research in China over the past 70 years, assess the weaknesses of existing research in both a domestic and international context, highlight the trends and key findings of global research about saline soils over the past 30 years, and propose six major fields and directions for future research on saline soil.展开更多
The ecosystem services are material base and natural capital for sustainable development of human being. Valuation of ecosystem services is favorable for people realizing the importance of natural ecosystem to human b...The ecosystem services are material base and natural capital for sustainable development of human being. Valuation of ecosystem services is favorable for people realizing the importance of natural ecosystem to human being, and considering its long-term influence on sustainable development of human society when making decisions. Besides, it is an attempt of ecology, geography and other natural sciences to influence social decision process by economic methods. The Value of the World's Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital, written by Robert Costanza et al., in 1997, is generally regarded as a masterpiece for the research of valuing ecosystem services. However, the classifying standard of ecosystem services, the method of various services summation and the purpose for static global value, had confronted many criticisms. Still to now, accurately valuing ecosystem services is not easy, because of the complexity of natural ecosystem, the weak capability of economic system to pricing ecosystem services and the lack of more study in this field. Based on the criticisms summarizing and comprehensive analysis, further study suggestions of ecosystem services valuation is presented: multi-scale integrated and community participation applied in evaluation, dynamic changes of material value and intangible value of ecosystem services, investigation and simulation studies of the marginal value when ecosystem services changed, associated with related areas like ecological compensation research, and research on the market-oriented evaluation of ecosystem's intangible values.展开更多
Since industrial revolution, the atmospheric CO2 concentration has kept a continuous increase by more than 2.2 ppm yr^-1, and approaches to almost 400 ppm at present （Jouzel 2012）. China has become the largest count...Since industrial revolution, the atmospheric CO2 concentration has kept a continuous increase by more than 2.2 ppm yr^-1, and approaches to almost 400 ppm at present （Jouzel 2012）. China has become the largest country of greenhouse gas emission （GHG）, and confronts with great challenge to mitigate GHG.展开更多
Background: Galliformes are widely distributed throughout the world and economically important to humans as domesticated animals or gamebirds. They are at a unique position for advancing knowledge and techniques of wi...Background: Galliformes are widely distributed throughout the world and economically important to humans as domesticated animals or gamebirds. They are at a unique position for advancing knowledge and techniques of wildlife conservation as the barometer of the status of applied ecology. Populations of many galliform species have declined mainly due to habitat loss and over-hunting. An assessment of knowledge of Galliformes could help to provide guidelines for future research and conservation strategies.Methods: Using the Web of Science search engine, we conducted a literature review of galliform-related articles published from 1990 to 2016. We used the "research area" option to filter articles focused on the zoology, environmental sciences ecology, biodiversity conservation, forestry, behavioral sciences, reproductive biology, biochemistry and molecular biology, cell biology, genetics and heredity, evolutionary biology, physiology and developmental biology. We then checked duplication based on the title, abstract and full text. In addition, we examined the reference lists of selected studies to include the publications that were missed by above searching.Results: We retained 1874 articles related to the Galliformes from the initial 243,128 publications that were found. About 91.4% focused on one or two species, and 85.0% were conducted within a short duration, typically 1–2 years. The majority of the articles concentrated on macroscopic ecology(55.5%), mainly focusing on habitat selection or habitat use. With recent advances of molecular biology, the studies of taxonomy and phylogenetics rose quickly in last two decades. The study of physiology and biochemistry was no longer limited to simple description but expanded to the mechanisms of phenotype and micro-evolutionary potential. An additional area receiving increasing attention is the conservation of Galliformes, with the assessment of the conservation status and conservation management effectiveness of Galliformes(e.g. species diversity and genetic diversity) becoming the focus.Conclusions: The studies on Galliformes have made great achievements since 1990, but there are still gaps, particularly in macroscopic ecology, molecular genetics, and conservation. There is an urgent need to enhance long-term monitoring and analysis of population dynamics, and applying different disciplines to galliform conservation. Moreover, life history information of many galliform species is still lacking, which has hindered conservation efforts and effectiveness. In addition, multidiscipline studies and new technologies are not common for galliform studies, and should be encouraged.展开更多
In this paper, the backdrop and significance of the research of germ-remaining rice whitener firstly were expatiated. Then, the study progress in China and overseas was summarized. Lastly, the research prospect of thi...In this paper, the backdrop and significance of the research of germ-remaining rice whitener firstly were expatiated. Then, the study progress in China and overseas was summarized. Lastly, the research prospect of this kind of whitener in China was analyzed. It is hoped that it can coach the design of germ-remaining rice whitener.展开更多
In recent years, a large number of geotechnical engineering projectshave been completed or under construction in China, such asthe Three Gorges Dam Project, Expressway Network Plan, South-to-North Water Diversion Proj...In recent years, a large number of geotechnical engineering projectshave been completed or under construction in China, such asthe Three Gorges Dam Project, Expressway Network Plan, South-to-North Water Diversion Project, West-to-East Gas Pipeline Project,etc. （Wang, 2003; Li, 2010; Huang, 2011; She and Lin, 2014）. Theconstruction of large-scale geotechnical engineering not onlybrings huge economic benefits, but also causes large interferenceto the lithosphere and hydrosphere that we rely on for survival（Wang et al., 2005）. This paper focuses on the interaction mechanismof rock engineering and geo-environments in the fields of urbanunderground space utilization, natural gas hydrate exploitationand high-level radioactive waste disposal.展开更多
Data announced by the Chinese Ministry of Land and Resources in 2015 suggest that China has discovered more than 480 manganese ore-producing areas, with manganese ore resource reserves up to 1.22 billion tons, includi...Data announced by the Chinese Ministry of Land and Resources in 2015 suggest that China has discovered more than 480 manganese ore-producing areas, with manganese ore resource reserves up to 1.22 billion tons, including 0.303 billion tons of basic reserves and 0.915 billion tons amount of resource. Among these reserves, manganese carbonate ores account for 56%, manganese oxide ores （including spongy manganese ores） accounts for 25%, and other types of manganese ore occupy 19%. Rich ores with 〉30% manganese content only account for 5% of the total resource amount, and the remaining 95% are poor manganese ores. Since 1983 when China first began to import, the imported manganese ores have increased annually by 25%. In 2001, the annual imported manganese ores reached 1.71 million tons. From 2010, the annual imported manganese ores increased by greater than 45%, reaching up to 12 million tons in 2015. Thus it seemed that the shortage of manganese ore resources will be a longterm phenomenon for China＇s economic development.展开更多
1 Introduction Salt lakes in China distributes in the east part of the salt lake belt of Northern Hemisphere,and they originated under complex morphological and geological background.The QT Plateau and its northern ar...1 Introduction Salt lakes in China distributes in the east part of the salt lake belt of Northern Hemisphere,and they originated under complex morphological and geological background.The QT Plateau and its northern areas belong to active tectonic zone and stable tectonic zone respectively.With elevation varies from more than 5000 m to the lowest of-展开更多
Background:Aortic root dilatation occurs in adults with tetralogy of Fallot(TOF)after surgical repair,but the longitudinal changes are unclear.The main research aim is to determine the annual dilatation rate of aorta ...Background:Aortic root dilatation occurs in adults with tetralogy of Fallot(TOF)after surgical repair,but the longitudinal changes are unclear.The main research aim is to determine the annual dilatation rate of aorta in adults with repaired TOF.Methods:The present,multicentric,prospective cohort study assessed the rate of aortic diameter change in adults aged 20 years or older with TOF,including pulmonary artery atresia,who underwent surgical repair.Clinical data,focusing on echocardiograms,were collected at three-year intervals from seven hos-pitals.Results:In total,104 patients(58 males;median age:29 years)were enrolled.The actual Valsalva sinus(VS)diameter was 34.3±5.8(mean±standard deviation)and 36.1±6.0 mm at the initial andfinal examinations,respectively,and the annual dilatation rate was 0.64(0.07,1.33)(median,interquartile)mm/year.The corrected diameter at the respective examination was 21.3±3.8 and 22.2±3.7 mm/m^(2),and the annual dilation rate was 0.28(-0.21,0.76)mm/m^(2)/year.Multiple regression analysis showed that factors significant associated with dila-tation rate of actual VS diameter were the diastolic blood pressure(standardized coefficient-0.22;p=0.04),cardiothoracic ratio(0.28;0.02),and the ratio of early mitral valve inflow velocity to early diastolic annular velocity(E/e′)ratio(0.31;0.004).Factors significantly associated with corrected VS diameter were diastolic blood pressure(-0.25;0.02)and the E/e′ratio(0.34;0.001).Conclusions:In adults with repaired TOF,the rate of dilatation of the aortic diameter was associated with decreased diastolic blood pressure and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction,possibly reflecting decreased aortic wall elasticity.展开更多
The concept,research content and direction of biological manufacturing were elaborated in this text. The biological manufacturing progress in China,application situation,development trend and existing problems were an...The concept,research content and direction of biological manufacturing were elaborated in this text. The biological manufacturing progress in China,application situation,development trend and existing problems were analyzed,and the prospect of the development of biological manufacturing was put forward,in order to provide reference and guidance for the manufacture of biological research and industrial development.展开更多
From the perspective of bibliometric analysis, based on the data of 286 related literature retrieved and screened in the CNKI database, coOC software is used for data processing, and the relevant knowledge graphs such...From the perspective of bibliometric analysis, based on the data of 286 related literature retrieved and screened in the CNKI database, coOC software is used for data processing, and the relevant knowledge graphs such as the amount of publication, authors, and keywords in the field of third-line heritage research are plotted. The results show that the attention to third-line heritage research in China is increasing day by day, and the overall volume of publications shows a rapid growth trend;The authors’ clusters are scattered and do not form a broad and close network of cooperation;The research hotspots focus on the protection and reuse of third-line heritage, and the quantitative research methods are insufficient. In the future, the breadth and depth of third-line heritage research need to be expanded.展开更多
In order to visually and comprehensively grasp scientific research progress of the county-wide finance in China,and explore new breakthrough point of county-wide finance studies,this paper took China National Knowledg...In order to visually and comprehensively grasp scientific research progress of the county-wide finance in China,and explore new breakthrough point of county-wide finance studies,this paper took China National Knowledge Infrastructure( CNKI) database as research platform and made a bibliometrical study of literature indexed in CNKI between 1991 and 2013 by advanced search method. Results indicate that relevant researches take on the trend of firstly increasing then decreasing and finally steady; research hot spots mainly focus on county-wide finance and county-wide economy,county-wide inclusive finance,and county-wide finance exclusion. Based on literature review,it found subject research of county-wide finance and county-wide economic issue has become a relatively mature issue. The extension research of countywide finance exclusion and inclusive finance is devoted to remove finance exclusion. This research is a blind spot in this field and may become a breakthrough point of stimulating re-growth of county-wide finance researches.展开更多
The Central Iron and Steel Research Institute(CISRI),directly under the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry(MMI),is a comprehensive research institute mainly engaged in the research and development of new metallic mate...The Central Iron and Steel Research Institute(CISRI),directly under the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry(MMI),is a comprehensive research institute mainly engaged in the research and development of new metallic materials and new iron and steel process.With the rapid development of China’s iron and steel industry,CISRI has also made a great progress since it was established more than 40 years ago.In 1994,the steel output of展开更多
In this paper, we compared the concept of agricultural drought and its relationship with other types of droughts and reviewed the progress of research on agricultural drought monitoring indices on the basis of station...In this paper, we compared the concept of agricultural drought and its relationship with other types of droughts and reviewed the progress of research on agricultural drought monitoring indices on the basis of station data and remote sensing. Applicability and limitations of different drought monitoring indices were also compared. Meanwhile, development history and the latest progress in agricultural drought monitoring were evaluated through statistics and document comparison, suggesting a transformation in agricultural drought monitoring from traditional single meteorological monitoring indices to meteorology and remote sensing-integrated monitoring indices. Finally, an analysis of current challenges in ag- ricultural drought monitoring revealed future research prospects for agricultural drought monitoring, such as investigating the mechanism underlying agricultural drought, identifying factors that influence agricultural drought, developing multi-spatiotemporal scales models for agricultural drought monitoring, coupling qualitative and quantitative agricultural drought evaluation models, and improving the application levels of remote sensing data in agricultural drought monitoring.展开更多
As natural ecosystems provide the material basis and fundamental support for regional sustainable devel-opment,the sustainability of natural ecosystems is an important prerequisite and a viable approach for the achiev...As natural ecosystems provide the material basis and fundamental support for regional sustainable devel-opment,the sustainability of natural ecosystems is an important prerequisite and a viable approach for the achievement of regional sustainable development.It is also the final criteria to assess whether sustainable development paradigm is successful.Along with the increasing impacts of human activities on natural ecosystems,the evaluation of regional ecological sustainability has become one of the key issues for research on macro ecology and sustainable development.Based on different unit of indicators,this study firstly groups the evaluation frameworks of regional ecological sus-tainability into three major types:comprehensive index evaluation with dimensionless unit,monetary valuation,and biophysical quantity measurement.We then discuss and compare these types in terms of basic principles,scope of ap-plications,advantages and shortcomings.Finally,drawn on the discussion about characteristics of ecological sustain-ability,we outline the current trend and future directions of regional ecological sustainability evaluation,for instance,transition from sustainable development evaluation to sustainability science,integration of goal-oriented and problem-solving approaches,combination of spatial pattern analysis and ecological sustainability evaluation,and en-hancement of ecological sustainability evaluation at landscape scale.展开更多
选取国外三大休闲权威期刊《Journal of Leisure Research》(1992—2014年)、《Leisure Sciences》(1998—2014年)、《Journal of Park and Recreation Administration》(2001—2014年)共130篇休闲制约研究论文,通过文献统计和文献分析...选取国外三大休闲权威期刊《Journal of Leisure Research》(1992—2014年)、《Leisure Sciences》(1998—2014年)、《Journal of Park and Recreation Administration》(2001—2014年)共130篇休闲制约研究论文,通过文献统计和文献分析法,从研究方法、研究内容及发展趋势三方面,分析国外休闲制约研究的基本特征。研究认为:国外休闲制约研究方法以定量研究方法为主,定性研究方法日益受到重视;国外学者重点关注休闲制约因素、休闲制约协商、女性休闲制约、种族人群休闲制约和青少年休闲制约等内容,同时强调内在机制研究和模型构建。此外,关注社会文化制约因素,加强跨学科研究和时间纵向研究,重视中国文化背景下的休闲制约研究对世界休闲制约研究的独特贡献以及跨文化合作的必要性是未来研究的重要方向。展开更多
The stripped fruit fly, Bactrocera （Zeugodacus） scutellata （Hendel）, is one of the most dangerous quarantine insect pests in China. Due to its wide distribution and heavy damage, it has caused serious economic los...The stripped fruit fly, Bactrocera （Zeugodacus） scutellata （Hendel）, is one of the most dangerous quarantine insect pests in China. Due to its wide distribution and heavy damage, it has caused serious economic losses in fruit and vegetable production in China. This paper assembles research progresses in mor- phological characteristics, classification status, host ranges, geographical distribution, population dynamics, molecular ecology and biology of B. scutellata, and put forward the following research prospects as well.展开更多
Using“catchphrases”as the keyword,this paper examines research literature(1995–2023)on catchphrases in China sourced from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).Utilizing CiteSpace for visualization anal...Using“catchphrases”as the keyword,this paper examines research literature(1995–2023)on catchphrases in China sourced from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).Utilizing CiteSpace for visualization analysis,it clarifies the current state of research on Chinese social catchphrases and identifies hotspots and evolution trends within the field.The findings reveal that the hotspots of research on social catchphrases in China involve text,discourse practice,and social practice,encompassing main research topics such as language structure,dissemination mechanisms,discourse meanings,and social mentality.However,current studies often focus on case analyses while ignoring the influence of macro social conditions on the production of catchphrases and neglecting the discourse production perspective regarding media events.Additionally,there is a lack of exploration of the subjects of discourse production.Future research should emphasize the long-term tracking of holistic research on catchphrases,focus on the intertextual influences between social context and the discourse production of catchphrases,place emphasis on the roles of Chinese mainstream media and digital media platforms in the discourse production and dissemination of catchphrases,attach importance to systematic investigations into the subjectivity of discourse production,and classify the research on the discourse governance of catchphrases as a key research field.展开更多
基金Key Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41230631
文摘Based on a large number of domestic literature reviews with related research abroad, academic standards and issues awareness have been intensified in domestic tourism geography, disciplinary consciousness and innovation enhancement. Hence, some valuable achievements have been made in the areas of tourism resources, tourism regional system, the spatial structure of tourism, tourism flow, ecotourism, tourism industry, tourism planning and tourism impacts, which strengthened the traditional advantages of research, expanded new areas of research and made research trends diverse. Meanwhile, with innovation of research methods, tourism geography in China is getting more and more internationally-oriented and reflecting Chinese characteristics. Research trends of China＇s tourism geography are prospected： 1） Catering to national strategic needs, persisting problem-oriented, strengthening the metatheoretical research, and building Chinese ＂localization＂ of theory of tourism geography and method system. 2） Introducing and assimilating foreign theories and research methods, while focusing on explaining new tourism phenomena and problems in the domestic socio-economic background. 3） Concerning about the new regional spatial processes of demographic process, social process, and spatial process in new tourism trend. 4） Exploring interactive process and mechanism of man-land relationship and new models to develop territorial space under the tourism impacts. 5） Exploring important research issues of tourism geography in global, national, regional and local scales, from the point of view of spatial differentiation, scale transformation, interaction of man and nature, creating tourism geography interpretation system based on ＂process-structure-mechanism＂ of China. 6） Building theoretical system actively, while strengthening application-oriented research, and focusing on tourism poverty alleviation, tourism and heritage protection, national parks＇ construction and other hot issues. Faced with econometrics research boom, we should return to rational thinking, using big data scientifically, while paying attention to the important role of qualitative evaluation in future research.
文摘Periprosthetic fracture of femur is a common and complex complication after joint replacement. With the increase of operation volume, its incidence is increasing year by year. The treatment of this fracture is affected by many factors, including fracture type, prosthesis stability, patient age and comorbidities, and individualized treatment strategy is needed. In recent years, the internal fixation technology and prosthetic revision technology have made significant progress in surgical treatment, such as locking steel plate, titanium cable and bridge combined internal fixation system and other new technologies have effectively improved the treatment effect. In addition, the application of new materials and 3D printing technology, as well as the optimization of multidisciplinary cooperation mode, also provide new ideas for the treatment of complex fractures. However, there are still some problems such as inaccurate diagnosis, difficult choice of treatment options and high incidence of postoperative complications. In the future, technological innovation, the introduction of artificial intelligence and big data, and the further development of personalized treatment will bring more possibilities to improve the prognosis and quality of life of patients. This study summarizes the relevant research results and prospects the future development direction, providing references for clinical practice and subsequent research.
基金National Natural Science Foundation, No.40871255 The Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Nanjing University, No.2012CL14
文摘With the environmental deterioration caused by the advance of climate change, soil salinization is a serious and growing global problem. Currently about 7% of the world＇s land surface is threatened by salinization. China is a country whose soils are severely affected by this problem, which, due to its extensive area, and wide distribution poses a serious threat to regional agricultural development. In this review, we summarize the framework for soil salinization research in China over the past 70 years, assess the weaknesses of existing research in both a domestic and international context, highlight the trends and key findings of global research about saline soils over the past 30 years, and propose six major fields and directions for future research on saline soil.
基金Supported by Project of China’s Tourism Industry Innovation Team for Academic Human Resources Development in Institutions of Higher Learning under the Jurisdiction of Beijing Municipality of China (Grant No.:306002)Project of "Theory to Practice of Sustainable Development-Energy Saving and Emission Reduction of Tourism Industry" Initiated by Beijing International Studies University in 2011
文摘The ecosystem services are material base and natural capital for sustainable development of human being. Valuation of ecosystem services is favorable for people realizing the importance of natural ecosystem to human being, and considering its long-term influence on sustainable development of human society when making decisions. Besides, it is an attempt of ecology, geography and other natural sciences to influence social decision process by economic methods. The Value of the World's Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital, written by Robert Costanza et al., in 1997, is generally regarded as a masterpiece for the research of valuing ecosystem services. However, the classifying standard of ecosystem services, the method of various services summation and the purpose for static global value, had confronted many criticisms. Still to now, accurately valuing ecosystem services is not easy, because of the complexity of natural ecosystem, the weak capability of economic system to pricing ecosystem services and the lack of more study in this field. Based on the criticisms summarizing and comprehensive analysis, further study suggestions of ecosystem services valuation is presented: multi-scale integrated and community participation applied in evaluation, dynamic changes of material value and intangible value of ecosystem services, investigation and simulation studies of the marginal value when ecosystem services changed, associated with related areas like ecological compensation research, and research on the market-oriented evaluation of ecosystem's intangible values.
文摘Since industrial revolution, the atmospheric CO2 concentration has kept a continuous increase by more than 2.2 ppm yr^-1, and approaches to almost 400 ppm at present （Jouzel 2012）. China has become the largest country of greenhouse gas emission （GHG）, and confronts with great challenge to mitigate GHG.
基金supported by the funded by the National Key Programme of Research and 422 Development,Ministry of Science and Technology(2016YFC0503200)
文摘Background: Galliformes are widely distributed throughout the world and economically important to humans as domesticated animals or gamebirds. They are at a unique position for advancing knowledge and techniques of wildlife conservation as the barometer of the status of applied ecology. Populations of many galliform species have declined mainly due to habitat loss and over-hunting. An assessment of knowledge of Galliformes could help to provide guidelines for future research and conservation strategies.Methods: Using the Web of Science search engine, we conducted a literature review of galliform-related articles published from 1990 to 2016. We used the "research area" option to filter articles focused on the zoology, environmental sciences ecology, biodiversity conservation, forestry, behavioral sciences, reproductive biology, biochemistry and molecular biology, cell biology, genetics and heredity, evolutionary biology, physiology and developmental biology. We then checked duplication based on the title, abstract and full text. In addition, we examined the reference lists of selected studies to include the publications that were missed by above searching.Results: We retained 1874 articles related to the Galliformes from the initial 243,128 publications that were found. About 91.4% focused on one or two species, and 85.0% were conducted within a short duration, typically 1–2 years. The majority of the articles concentrated on macroscopic ecology(55.5%), mainly focusing on habitat selection or habitat use. With recent advances of molecular biology, the studies of taxonomy and phylogenetics rose quickly in last two decades. The study of physiology and biochemistry was no longer limited to simple description but expanded to the mechanisms of phenotype and micro-evolutionary potential. An additional area receiving increasing attention is the conservation of Galliformes, with the assessment of the conservation status and conservation management effectiveness of Galliformes(e.g. species diversity and genetic diversity) becoming the focus.Conclusions: The studies on Galliformes have made great achievements since 1990, but there are still gaps, particularly in macroscopic ecology, molecular genetics, and conservation. There is an urgent need to enhance long-term monitoring and analysis of population dynamics, and applying different disciplines to galliform conservation. Moreover, life history information of many galliform species is still lacking, which has hindered conservation efforts and effectiveness. In addition, multidiscipline studies and new technologies are not common for galliform studies, and should be encouraged.
文摘In this paper, the backdrop and significance of the research of germ-remaining rice whitener firstly were expatiated. Then, the study progress in China and overseas was summarized. Lastly, the research prospect of this kind of whitener in China was analyzed. It is hoped that it can coach the design of germ-remaining rice whitener.
文摘In recent years, a large number of geotechnical engineering projectshave been completed or under construction in China, such asthe Three Gorges Dam Project, Expressway Network Plan, South-to-North Water Diversion Project, West-to-East Gas Pipeline Project,etc. （Wang, 2003; Li, 2010; Huang, 2011; She and Lin, 2014）. Theconstruction of large-scale geotechnical engineering not onlybrings huge economic benefits, but also causes large interferenceto the lithosphere and hydrosphere that we rely on for survival（Wang et al., 2005）. This paper focuses on the interaction mechanismof rock engineering and geo-environments in the fields of urbanunderground space utilization, natural gas hydrate exploitationand high-level radioactive waste disposal.
文摘Data announced by the Chinese Ministry of Land and Resources in 2015 suggest that China has discovered more than 480 manganese ore-producing areas, with manganese ore resource reserves up to 1.22 billion tons, including 0.303 billion tons of basic reserves and 0.915 billion tons amount of resource. Among these reserves, manganese carbonate ores account for 56%, manganese oxide ores （including spongy manganese ores） accounts for 25%, and other types of manganese ore occupy 19%. Rich ores with 〉30% manganese content only account for 5% of the total resource amount, and the remaining 95% are poor manganese ores. Since 1983 when China first began to import, the imported manganese ores have increased annually by 25%. In 2001, the annual imported manganese ores reached 1.71 million tons. From 2010, the annual imported manganese ores increased by greater than 45%, reaching up to 12 million tons in 2015. Thus it seemed that the shortage of manganese ore resources will be a longterm phenomenon for China＇s economic development.
文摘1 Introduction Salt lakes in China distributes in the east part of the salt lake belt of Northern Hemisphere,and they originated under complex morphological and geological background.The QT Plateau and its northern areas belong to active tectonic zone and stable tectonic zone respectively.With elevation varies from more than 5000 m to the lowest of-
基金supported by grants from the Clinical Research Fund of Tokyo Metropolitan Government Hospitals.
文摘Background:Aortic root dilatation occurs in adults with tetralogy of Fallot(TOF)after surgical repair,but the longitudinal changes are unclear.The main research aim is to determine the annual dilatation rate of aorta in adults with repaired TOF.Methods:The present,multicentric,prospective cohort study assessed the rate of aortic diameter change in adults aged 20 years or older with TOF,including pulmonary artery atresia,who underwent surgical repair.Clinical data,focusing on echocardiograms,were collected at three-year intervals from seven hos-pitals.Results:In total,104 patients(58 males;median age:29 years)were enrolled.The actual Valsalva sinus(VS)diameter was 34.3±5.8(mean±standard deviation)and 36.1±6.0 mm at the initial andfinal examinations,respectively,and the annual dilatation rate was 0.64(0.07,1.33)(median,interquartile)mm/year.The corrected diameter at the respective examination was 21.3±3.8 and 22.2±3.7 mm/m^(2),and the annual dilation rate was 0.28(-0.21,0.76)mm/m^(2)/year.Multiple regression analysis showed that factors significant associated with dila-tation rate of actual VS diameter were the diastolic blood pressure(standardized coefficient-0.22;p=0.04),cardiothoracic ratio(0.28;0.02),and the ratio of early mitral valve inflow velocity to early diastolic annular velocity(E/e′)ratio(0.31;0.004).Factors significantly associated with corrected VS diameter were diastolic blood pressure(-0.25;0.02)and the E/e′ratio(0.34;0.001).Conclusions:In adults with repaired TOF,the rate of dilatation of the aortic diameter was associated with decreased diastolic blood pressure and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction,possibly reflecting decreased aortic wall elasticity.
基金Supported by Shaanxi Agricultural Promotion Program(2012SNJC159NTF-H1)
文摘The concept,research content and direction of biological manufacturing were elaborated in this text. The biological manufacturing progress in China,application situation,development trend and existing problems were analyzed,and the prospect of the development of biological manufacturing was put forward,in order to provide reference and guidance for the manufacture of biological research and industrial development.
文摘From the perspective of bibliometric analysis, based on the data of 286 related literature retrieved and screened in the CNKI database, coOC software is used for data processing, and the relevant knowledge graphs such as the amount of publication, authors, and keywords in the field of third-line heritage research are plotted. The results show that the attention to third-line heritage research in China is increasing day by day, and the overall volume of publications shows a rapid growth trend;The authors’ clusters are scattered and do not form a broad and close network of cooperation;The research hotspots focus on the protection and reuse of third-line heritage, and the quantitative research methods are insufficient. In the future, the breadth and depth of third-line heritage research need to be expanded.
基金Supported by Social Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2011LJ023)Project of National Natural Science Foundation(71173086)
文摘In order to visually and comprehensively grasp scientific research progress of the county-wide finance in China,and explore new breakthrough point of county-wide finance studies,this paper took China National Knowledge Infrastructure( CNKI) database as research platform and made a bibliometrical study of literature indexed in CNKI between 1991 and 2013 by advanced search method. Results indicate that relevant researches take on the trend of firstly increasing then decreasing and finally steady; research hot spots mainly focus on county-wide finance and county-wide economy,county-wide inclusive finance,and county-wide finance exclusion. Based on literature review,it found subject research of county-wide finance and county-wide economic issue has become a relatively mature issue. The extension research of countywide finance exclusion and inclusive finance is devoted to remove finance exclusion. This research is a blind spot in this field and may become a breakthrough point of stimulating re-growth of county-wide finance researches.
文摘The Central Iron and Steel Research Institute(CISRI),directly under the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry(MMI),is a comprehensive research institute mainly engaged in the research and development of new metallic materials and new iron and steel process.With the rapid development of China’s iron and steel industry,CISRI has also made a great progress since it was established more than 40 years ago.In 1994,the steel output of
基金Major Project of High-resolution Earth Observation System
文摘In this paper, we compared the concept of agricultural drought and its relationship with other types of droughts and reviewed the progress of research on agricultural drought monitoring indices on the basis of station data and remote sensing. Applicability and limitations of different drought monitoring indices were also compared. Meanwhile, development history and the latest progress in agricultural drought monitoring were evaluated through statistics and document comparison, suggesting a transformation in agricultural drought monitoring from traditional single meteorological monitoring indices to meteorology and remote sensing-integrated monitoring indices. Finally, an analysis of current challenges in ag- ricultural drought monitoring revealed future research prospects for agricultural drought monitoring, such as investigating the mechanism underlying agricultural drought, identifying factors that influence agricultural drought, developing multi-spatiotemporal scales models for agricultural drought monitoring, coupling qualitative and quantitative agricultural drought evaluation models, and improving the application levels of remote sensing data in agricultural drought monitoring.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40635028,40801066)State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology of China (No.2008-KF-04)
文摘As natural ecosystems provide the material basis and fundamental support for regional sustainable devel-opment,the sustainability of natural ecosystems is an important prerequisite and a viable approach for the achievement of regional sustainable development.It is also the final criteria to assess whether sustainable development paradigm is successful.Along with the increasing impacts of human activities on natural ecosystems,the evaluation of regional ecological sustainability has become one of the key issues for research on macro ecology and sustainable development.Based on different unit of indicators,this study firstly groups the evaluation frameworks of regional ecological sus-tainability into three major types:comprehensive index evaluation with dimensionless unit,monetary valuation,and biophysical quantity measurement.We then discuss and compare these types in terms of basic principles,scope of ap-plications,advantages and shortcomings.Finally,drawn on the discussion about characteristics of ecological sustain-ability,we outline the current trend and future directions of regional ecological sustainability evaluation,for instance,transition from sustainable development evaluation to sustainability science,integration of goal-oriented and problem-solving approaches,combination of spatial pattern analysis and ecological sustainability evaluation,and en-hancement of ecological sustainability evaluation at landscape scale.
文摘选取国外三大休闲权威期刊《Journal of Leisure Research》(1992—2014年)、《Leisure Sciences》(1998—2014年)、《Journal of Park and Recreation Administration》(2001—2014年)共130篇休闲制约研究论文,通过文献统计和文献分析法,从研究方法、研究内容及发展趋势三方面,分析国外休闲制约研究的基本特征。研究认为:国外休闲制约研究方法以定量研究方法为主,定性研究方法日益受到重视;国外学者重点关注休闲制约因素、休闲制约协商、女性休闲制约、种族人群休闲制约和青少年休闲制约等内容,同时强调内在机制研究和模型构建。此外,关注社会文化制约因素,加强跨学科研究和时间纵向研究,重视中国文化背景下的休闲制约研究对世界休闲制约研究的独特贡献以及跨文化合作的必要性是未来研究的重要方向。
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(41401065)Applied Fundamental Research Project of Yunnan Province(2015FB109)
文摘The stripped fruit fly, Bactrocera （Zeugodacus） scutellata （Hendel）, is one of the most dangerous quarantine insect pests in China. Due to its wide distribution and heavy damage, it has caused serious economic losses in fruit and vegetable production in China. This paper assembles research progresses in mor- phological characteristics, classification status, host ranges, geographical distribution, population dynamics, molecular ecology and biology of B. scutellata, and put forward the following research prospects as well.
文摘Using“catchphrases”as the keyword,this paper examines research literature(1995–2023)on catchphrases in China sourced from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI).Utilizing CiteSpace for visualization analysis,it clarifies the current state of research on Chinese social catchphrases and identifies hotspots and evolution trends within the field.The findings reveal that the hotspots of research on social catchphrases in China involve text,discourse practice,and social practice,encompassing main research topics such as language structure,dissemination mechanisms,discourse meanings,and social mentality.However,current studies often focus on case analyses while ignoring the influence of macro social conditions on the production of catchphrases and neglecting the discourse production perspective regarding media events.Additionally,there is a lack of exploration of the subjects of discourse production.Future research should emphasize the long-term tracking of holistic research on catchphrases,focus on the intertextual influences between social context and the discourse production of catchphrases,place emphasis on the roles of Chinese mainstream media and digital media platforms in the discourse production and dissemination of catchphrases,attach importance to systematic investigations into the subjectivity of discourse production,and classify the research on the discourse governance of catchphrases as a key research field.
