Objective: To expose the problems and inherent limitations of neuroscience-based brain research on mental disorders. Method: Discussion of the theory underlying brain research on mental disorders, followed by a system...Objective: To expose the problems and inherent limitations of neuroscience-based brain research on mental disorders. Method: Discussion of the theory underlying brain research on mental disorders, followed by a systematic evaluation of typical studies. Results: The fundamental problem is that brain researchers fail to differentiate between biological mental disorders in which brain processes cause the disorder (notably schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and melancholic depression) and learned mental disorders in which brain processes mediate but do not cause the disorder (which is the case with reactive depression, reactive anxiety, OCD, and PTSD). Researchers have been unsuccessful in identifying mechanisms in the brain that cause biological mental disorders, and will never be able to locate the innumerable specific neural connections that mediate learned mental disorders. Moreover, the author’s review of typical studies in this field shows that they have serious problems with theory, measurement, and data analysis, and that their findings cannot be trusted. Conclusions: Neuroscience-based brain research on mental disorders, unlike other neurological research, has been an expensive failure and it is not worth continuing.展开更多
1 Introduction In contrast,1experimental geochemistry is a young subject,but in recent years,the research on experiment of high temperature and high pressure has become an important branch in the parallel subjects of ...1 Introduction In contrast,1experimental geochemistry is a young subject,but in recent years,the research on experiment of high temperature and high pressure has become an important branch in the parallel subjects of traditional mineralogy,petrology,geochemistry and geophysics.It is not only an important and essential way and window to understand geological processes in depth and geological展开更多
The of rural economic cooperatives plays a key role in the economic development of rural areas. The model of economic cooperatives can not only promote the better development of the local economy, but also provide tar...The of rural economic cooperatives plays a key role in the economic development of rural areas. The model of economic cooperatives can not only promote the better development of the local economy, but also provide targeted economic assistance to the local farmers. On the whole, the establishment of rural economic cooperatives plays a very strong role in promoting the construction of a new socialist countryside.In order to ensure the further development of rural economic cooperatives, we need to thoroughly solve the problems existing in the construction of rural economic cooperatives, so that cooperatives can not only continuously expand the scale and quantity, but also realize efficient operation and contribute to the development of rural economy.展开更多
The first 20 years of this century is the period of strategic opportunities of building a weU-offsociety in an all-round way, at the same time, China＇s social development is also facing a lot of systemic risk. Econom...The first 20 years of this century is the period of strategic opportunities of building a weU-offsociety in an all-round way, at the same time, China＇s social development is also facing a lot of systemic risk. Economic change and social transformation puts forward new requirements for the social security system reform. This paper studies the theoretical basis of the social security system reform, analyzes the status quo of China＇s social security system and the existing problems and experience in social security system of other countries for reference, on the basis of perfecting China＇s pension, medical, unemployment and other social security system, the construction is suitable for the situation of our country＇s social security system with Chinese characteristics, ensuring and improving people＇s livelihood, the achievements of reform and opening to the public to achieve genuine sharing is of great significance.展开更多
Primary school education is an important part of laying a good foundation for students' growth and development. Therefore, in primary school mathematics teaching, teachers should help students to have good mathema...Primary school education is an important part of laying a good foundation for students' growth and development. Therefore, in primary school mathematics teaching, teachers should help students to have good mathematical thinking so as to realize students' healthy growth and all-round development. For this reason, teachers should pay attention to the effectiveness and pertinence of problem design in the actual primary mathematics teaching. Through the design of inquiry problems, students' learning desire can be stimulated, so as to improve the efficiency of classroom teaching and lay a good foundation for the realization of students' all-round development.展开更多
Earthquakes triggered by dynamic disturbances have been confirmed by numerous observations and experiments.In the past several decades,earthquake triggering has attracted increasing attention of scholars in relation t...Earthquakes triggered by dynamic disturbances have been confirmed by numerous observations and experiments.In the past several decades,earthquake triggering has attracted increasing attention of scholars in relation to exploring the mechanism of earthquake triggering,earthquake prediction,and the desire to use the mechanism of earthquake triggering to reduce,prevent,or trigger earthquakes.Natural earthquakes and large‐scale explosions are the most common sources of dynamic disturbances that trigger earthquakes.In the past several decades,some models have been developed,including static,dynamic,quasi‐static,and other models.Some reviews have been published,but explosiontriggered seismicity was not included.In recent years,some new results on earthquake triggering have emerged.Therefore,this paper presents a new review to reflect the new results and include the content of explosion‐triggered earthquakes for the reference of scholars in this area.Instead of a complete review of the relevant literature,this paper primarily focuses on the main aspects of dynamic earthquake triggering on a tectonic scale and makes some suggestions on issues that need to be resolved in this area in the future.展开更多
In the last 10 years, China has madeconsiderable progress in urbanization withincreasing numbers of both city and urbanpopulation. This has played a positive rolein promoting the country’s political, eco-nomic and cu...In the last 10 years, China has madeconsiderable progress in urbanization withincreasing numbers of both city and urbanpopulation. This has played a positive rolein promoting the country’s political, eco-nomic and cultural development. However,the process of urbanization has broughtalong new problems and contradictionswhich require theoretical exploration.Against this background, urban sociology,展开更多
文摘Objective: To expose the problems and inherent limitations of neuroscience-based brain research on mental disorders. Method: Discussion of the theory underlying brain research on mental disorders, followed by a systematic evaluation of typical studies. Results: The fundamental problem is that brain researchers fail to differentiate between biological mental disorders in which brain processes cause the disorder (notably schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and melancholic depression) and learned mental disorders in which brain processes mediate but do not cause the disorder (which is the case with reactive depression, reactive anxiety, OCD, and PTSD). Researchers have been unsuccessful in identifying mechanisms in the brain that cause biological mental disorders, and will never be able to locate the innumerable specific neural connections that mediate learned mental disorders. Moreover, the author’s review of typical studies in this field shows that they have serious problems with theory, measurement, and data analysis, and that their findings cannot be trusted. Conclusions: Neuroscience-based brain research on mental disorders, unlike other neurological research, has been an expensive failure and it is not worth continuing.
基金project was jointly funded by the Funds for the program of the National Natural Science Foundation (Noes. 41572060, U1133602)Projects of YM Lab (2011)Innovation Team of Yunnan province and KMUST (2008,2012)
文摘1 Introduction In contrast,1experimental geochemistry is a young subject,but in recent years,the research on experiment of high temperature and high pressure has become an important branch in the parallel subjects of traditional mineralogy,petrology,geochemistry and geophysics.It is not only an important and essential way and window to understand geological processes in depth and geological
文摘The of rural economic cooperatives plays a key role in the economic development of rural areas. The model of economic cooperatives can not only promote the better development of the local economy, but also provide targeted economic assistance to the local farmers. On the whole, the establishment of rural economic cooperatives plays a very strong role in promoting the construction of a new socialist countryside.In order to ensure the further development of rural economic cooperatives, we need to thoroughly solve the problems existing in the construction of rural economic cooperatives, so that cooperatives can not only continuously expand the scale and quantity, but also realize efficient operation and contribute to the development of rural economy.
文摘The first 20 years of this century is the period of strategic opportunities of building a weU-offsociety in an all-round way, at the same time, China＇s social development is also facing a lot of systemic risk. Economic change and social transformation puts forward new requirements for the social security system reform. This paper studies the theoretical basis of the social security system reform, analyzes the status quo of China＇s social security system and the existing problems and experience in social security system of other countries for reference, on the basis of perfecting China＇s pension, medical, unemployment and other social security system, the construction is suitable for the situation of our country＇s social security system with Chinese characteristics, ensuring and improving people＇s livelihood, the achievements of reform and opening to the public to achieve genuine sharing is of great significance.
文摘Primary school education is an important part of laying a good foundation for students' growth and development. Therefore, in primary school mathematics teaching, teachers should help students to have good mathematical thinking so as to realize students' healthy growth and all-round development. For this reason, teachers should pay attention to the effectiveness and pertinence of problem design in the actual primary mathematics teaching. Through the design of inquiry problems, students' learning desire can be stimulated, so as to improve the efficiency of classroom teaching and lay a good foundation for the realization of students' all-round development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC grants No.12172036,51774018)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(PCSIRT,IRT_17R06)+2 种基金the Russian Foundation for Basic Research,Grant Number 20‐55‐53032Russian State Task number 1021052706247‐7‐1.5.4the Government of Perm Krai,research project No.С‐26/628.
文摘Earthquakes triggered by dynamic disturbances have been confirmed by numerous observations and experiments.In the past several decades,earthquake triggering has attracted increasing attention of scholars in relation to exploring the mechanism of earthquake triggering,earthquake prediction,and the desire to use the mechanism of earthquake triggering to reduce,prevent,or trigger earthquakes.Natural earthquakes and large‐scale explosions are the most common sources of dynamic disturbances that trigger earthquakes.In the past several decades,some models have been developed,including static,dynamic,quasi‐static,and other models.Some reviews have been published,but explosiontriggered seismicity was not included.In recent years,some new results on earthquake triggering have emerged.Therefore,this paper presents a new review to reflect the new results and include the content of explosion‐triggered earthquakes for the reference of scholars in this area.Instead of a complete review of the relevant literature,this paper primarily focuses on the main aspects of dynamic earthquake triggering on a tectonic scale and makes some suggestions on issues that need to be resolved in this area in the future.
文摘In the last 10 years, China has madeconsiderable progress in urbanization withincreasing numbers of both city and urbanpopulation. This has played a positive rolein promoting the country’s political, eco-nomic and cultural development. However,the process of urbanization has broughtalong new problems and contradictionswhich require theoretical exploration.Against this background, urban sociology,
