Bone tissue engineering may be hindered by underlying osteoporosis because of a decreased osteogenic ability of autologous seed cells and an unfavorably changed microenvironment in these patients. Epigenetic regulatio...Bone tissue engineering may be hindered by underlying osteoporosis because of a decreased osteogenic ability of autologous seed cells and an unfavorably changed microenvironment in these patients. Epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the developmental origins of osteoporosis; however, few studies have investigated the potential of epigenetic therapy to improve or rescue the osteogenic ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMMSCs) under osteoporotic conditions. Here, we investigated pargyline, an inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1(LSD1), which mainly catalyzes the demethylation of the di- and mono-methylation of H3K4. We demonstrated that 1.5 mmol·Lpargyline was the optimal concentration for the osteogenic differentiation of human BMMSCs. Pargyline rescued the osteogenic differentiation ability of mouse BMMSCs under osteoporotic conditions by enhancing the dimethylation level of H3K4 at the promoter regions of osteogenesis-related genes. Moreover, pargyline partially rescued or prevented the osteoporotic conditions in aged or ovariectomized mouse models, respectively. By introducing the concept of epigenetic therapy into the field of osteoporosis, this study demonstrated that LSD1 inhibitors could improve the clinical practice of MSC-based bone tissue engineering and proposes their novel use to treat osteoporosis.展开更多
The analysis of cetacean strandings can provide fundamental information about species diversity and composition in a particular region. The present study collected and analyzed cetacean strandings, bycatches and rescu...The analysis of cetacean strandings can provide fundamental information about species diversity and composition in a particular region. The present study collected and analyzed cetacean strandings, bycatches and rescues along the western coast of the Taiwan Strait, China, from 2010 to 2015. In total, 48 records, including 37 strandings, 8 bycatches and 3 rescues, involving 13 known species were collected. Among them, Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins（Sousa chinensis） and finless porpoises（Neophocaena phocaenoides） were the most common species, consisting of 31.3% and 25%, respectively. Notably, 10 out of the 48（20.8%） records were collected from the Pingtan Island and included 3 species of Mysticeti and 4 species of Odontoceti. Finally, we compared the cetacean species composition between the western and eastern coasts of the Taiwan Strait; 31 cetacean species occurred in the Taiwan Strait, indicating a relatively high cetacean diversity in this region. Systematic field surveys are urgently needed to explore the cetacean species composition, population stock and the related habitat status in the Taiwan Strait, which may improve conservation management in the future.展开更多
Emerging evidence indicates that reprogramming of energy metabolism involving disturbances in energy production from a defect in cellular respiration with a shift to glvcolvsis is a core hallmark of cancer[1].
This paper addresses the problem of multi-objective coalition formation for task allocation. In disaster rescue, due to the dynamics of environments, heterogeneity and complexity of tasks as well as limited available ...This paper addresses the problem of multi-objective coalition formation for task allocation. In disaster rescue, due to the dynamics of environments, heterogeneity and complexity of tasks as well as limited available agents, it is hard for the single-objective and single （task）-to-single （agent） task allocation approaches to handle task allocation in such circumstances. To this end, two multi-objective coalition formation for task allocation models are proposed for disaster rescues in this paper. First, through coalition formation, the proposed models enable agents to cooperatively perform complex tasks that cannot be completed by single agent. In addition, through adjusting the weights of multiple task allocation objectives, the proposed models can employ the linear programming to generate more adaptive task allocation plans, which can satisfy different task allocation requirements in disaster rescue. Finally, through employing the multi-stage task allocation mechanism of the dynamic programming, the proposed models can handle the dynamics of tasks and agents in disaster environments. Experimental results indicate that the proposed models have good performance on coalition formation for task allocation in disaster environments, which can generate suitable task allocation plans according to various objectives of task allocation.展开更多
Acute exposure to high altitude can cause acute altitude illnesses and is associated with impaired cognitive and physical performance.The most effective preventive strategies currently recommended include environmenta...Acute exposure to high altitude can cause acute altitude illnesses and is associated with impaired cognitive and physical performance.The most effective preventive strategies currently recommended include environmental acclimatization(slow ascent and/or pre-acclimatization)or pharmacological support of acclimatization using acetazolamide.However,these strategies are not practical for high-altitude exposures that require rapid and unplanned ascent,high physical and mental performance,such as rescue missions or military operations.Dexamethasone and other modulators of the glucocorticoid system take effect quickly and are effective alternatives for preventing acute altitude illnesses when rapidly ascending to high altitudes.As the efficacy of dexamethasone in preventing acute mountain illnesses remains controversial,a review of existing studies on the use of dexamethasone for the prevention of acute mountain sickness was conducted,aiming to determine the best strategy.Possible mechanisms of protection against acute altitude illnesses are discussed based on the results of clinical trials.The data indicate that dexamethasone is most effective at altitudes above 4000 m at doses of 8–16 mg/d.Appropriately designed and powered trials are needed to obtain more evidence-based results on the dosage and timing of dexamethasone administration,and to provide optimized recommendations for the application of this powerful pharmacological tool.展开更多
The embryo rescue technique plays an essential role in developing new seedless grape varieties.To enhance the efficiency of seedless grape embryo rescue breeding,this study evaluated 22 hybrid combinations and systema...The embryo rescue technique plays an essential role in developing new seedless grape varieties.To enhance the efficiency of seedless grape embryo rescue breeding,this study evaluated 22 hybrid combinations and systematically investigated the effects of parental genotypes and plant hormones on embryo development and germination.Additionally,an in-depth analysis was conducted on the conversion of abnormal plantlets.Results indicate that‘Ruby Seedless’,‘Delight’,‘Huozhouheiyu’,‘Zitian Seedless’,and‘Zhengyan Seedless’are suitable as maternal parents,whereas‘Zitian Seedless’,‘Shennongxiangfeng’,‘Hongqitezao’,and‘Guibao’perform optimally as paternal parents.Among these,the crosses‘Ruby Seedless×Shennongxiangfeng’and‘Ruby Seedless×Zitian Seedless’exhibited the highest embryo rescue efficiency,with embryo development rates of 55.05 and 59.76%,yielding 1,348 and 2,235 viable plantlets,respectively.When 1.0 mg L^(–1) zeatin (ZT) was added to the MM3 medium supplemented with 0.2 mg L^(–1) indole-3-acetic acid (IAA),the embryo development rate of‘Ruby Seedless×Zitian Seedless’increased by 64.73%.In the WPM germination medium,supplementation with 0.2 mg L^(–1) ZT and 0.2 mg L^(–1) IAA resulted in the highest germination rate of 85.71%for the hybrid combination‘Huozhouheiyu×Shine Muscat’.Furthermore,3,365 abnormal plantlets were rescued via direct transformation and hypocotyl-induced adventitious bud regeneration,among which 1,234 were transformed into normal plantlets.Following hybridization,a total of 4,287 plants were successfully acclimatized and transplanted.This study provides theoretical insights to improve the efficiency of embryo rescue breeding in seedless grapes and offers valuable genetic resources for future breeding programs.展开更多
In fire rescue scenarios,traditional manual operations are highly dangerous,as dense smoke,low visibility,extreme heat,and toxic gases not only hinder rescue efficiency but also endanger firefighters’safety.Although ...In fire rescue scenarios,traditional manual operations are highly dangerous,as dense smoke,low visibility,extreme heat,and toxic gases not only hinder rescue efficiency but also endanger firefighters’safety.Although intelligent rescue robots can enter hazardous environments in place of humans,smoke poses major challenges for human detection algorithms.These challenges include the attenuation of visible and infrared signals,complex thermal fields,and interference frombackground objects,all ofwhichmake it difficult to accurately identify trapped individuals.To address this problem,we propose VIF-YOLO,a visible–infrared fusion model for real-time human detection in dense smoke environments.The framework introduces a lightweight multimodal fusion(LMF)module based on learnable low-rank representation blocks to end-to-end integrate visible and infrared images,preserving fine details while enhancing salient features.In addition,an efficient multiscale attention(EMA)mechanism is incorporated into the YOLOv10n backbone to improve feature representation under low-light conditions.Extensive experiments on our newly constructedmultimodal smoke human detection(MSHD)dataset demonstrate thatVIF-YOLOachievesmAP50 of 99.5%,precision of 99.2%,and recall of 99.3%,outperforming YOLOv10n by a clear margin.Furthermore,when deployed on the NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX,VIF-YOLO attains 40.6 FPS with an average inference latency of 24.6 ms,validating its real-time capability on edge-computing platforms.These results confirm that VIF-YOLO provides accurate,robust,and fast detection across complex backgrounds and diverse smoke conditions,ensuring reliable and rapid localization of individuals in need of rescue.展开更多
Objective: To analyze the impact of whole-process nursing on the rescue of emergency critically ill patients by setting a control group and an experimental group and comparing their experimental results. Methods: A to...Objective: To analyze the impact of whole-process nursing on the rescue of emergency critically ill patients by setting a control group and an experimental group and comparing their experimental results. Methods: A total of 50 critically ill patients admitted to the Emergency Department from October 2022 to October 2023 were randomly divided into the experimental group (25 cases) and the control group (25 cases). The control group received routine nursing, while the experimental group received whole-process nursing. The rescue success rate and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: In the experimental group, 24 patients were rescued successfully, with a success rate of 96%;in the control group, 19 patients were rescued successfully, with a success rate of 76%, showing a significant difference (χ2 = 4.1528, p = 0.0415 < 0.05). The nursing satisfaction was 92% in the experimental group and 68% in the control group. Conclusion: Whole-process nursing can effectively improve the rescue success rate of critically ill patients, enhance the satisfaction of patients and their families, and improve patients’ quality of life.展开更多
高速游艇在海上发生了故障,Lenny Leon Peter便在海上漂泊了 26日,终于被英国 HMS Grafton号护卫舰发现,而九死一生。文章中两次出现了spot一词,而不是用see,discover等动词,值得体味。因为spot的确切含义是:todetect or discern,especi...高速游艇在海上发生了故障,Lenny Leon Peter便在海上漂泊了 26日,终于被英国 HMS Grafton号护卫舰发现,而九死一生。文章中两次出现了spot一词,而不是用see,discover等动词,值得体味。因为spot的确切含义是:todetect or discern,especially visually/辨认或认出,特别指用眼睛看出。有趣的是,文中出现了lookout一词,其确切含义,你可要当心哟。展开更多
The endosymbiont Wolbachia manipulates host reproduction by several strategies, one of the most important of which is cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). CI can be rescued when Wolbachia-infected males mate with females...The endosymbiont Wolbachia manipulates host reproduction by several strategies, one of the most important of which is cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). CI can be rescued when Wolbachia-infected males mate with females infected with the same Wolbachia strain. However, the potential rescue mechanism of CI in the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus is unclear. In this study, comparative transcriptome analysis was applied to explore the effect of Wolbachia on L. striatellus eggs. A total of 1387 differentially expressed genes were identified. RNA interference of 7 Wolbachia-upregulated key planthopper genes reduced egg reproduction, suggesting that Wolbachia might improve fecundity in L. striatellus by affecting these 7 genes. Suppressing the expression of another upregulated gene, NDUFA8 (encoding NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 α subcomplex subunit 8-like) by RNA interference significantly increased the mortality of early embryos without affecting the number of deposited eggs. Wolbachia infection upregulated the mRNA level of NDUFA8, and dsNDUFA8 treatment of Wolbachia-infected females recreated CI-like symptoms, suggesting that NDUFA8 is associated with the rescue phenotype. Because all L. striatellus populations worldwide are infected with Wolbachia, NDUFA8 is a potential pest control target.展开更多
Objective:This study aims to explore the therapeutic potential of decellularized adipose matrix(DAM)in rejuvenating photoaged skin by modulating the immune microenvironment.Impact Statement:DAM effectively induces M1 ...Objective:This study aims to explore the therapeutic potential of decellularized adipose matrix(DAM)in rejuvenating photoaged skin by modulating the immune microenvironment.Impact Statement:DAM effectively induces M1 to M2 macrophage polarization and rescues the function of photoaged fibroblasts through paracrine mechanisms,providing a novel strategy for skin antiaging through immune microenvironment remodeling.Introduction:Photoaging,triggered by prolonged ultraviolet exposure,is marked by the depletion of skin structural elements and a persistent inflammatory environment.Current clinical interventions primarily target structural defects,while immune modulation remains underexplored.Therefore,developing biomaterials with both extracellular matrix(ECM)replenishment and immune regulatory functions is crucial for skin regeneration.Methods:A photoaged mouse model was established using ultraviolet B irradiation to validate the inflammatory microenvironment.DAM was prepared via physicochemical decellularization and assessed in vitro for its effects on macrophage polarization and macrophage-fibroblast cross-talk.A DAM-functionalized hyaluronic acid(HA/DAM)hydrogel was developed and evaluated for its effects on skin rejuvenation via subcutaneous injection.Results:In vitro experiments demonstrated that DAM substantially promoted M2 macrophage polarization,and M2-macrophage-conditioned medium further improved fibroblast functions,including oxidative stress resistance,migration,and ECM synthesis.In vivo,HA/DAM hydrogel not only increased dermal thickness and collagen density but also restructured the immune microenvironment through M2 macrophage polarization.Conclusion:DAM offers a novel therapeutic approach for skin rejuvenation by modulating the immune microenvironment,demonstrating notable clinical potential.展开更多
The existing research on rescue robots has focused mainly on reconnaissance,detection,and firefighting,and a small number of robots that can achieve human rescue have problems such as poor safety and stability and ins...The existing research on rescue robots has focused mainly on reconnaissance,detection,and firefighting,and a small number of robots that can achieve human rescue have problems such as poor safety and stability and insufficient carrying capacity.This article addresses the above issues and cleverly combines the advantages of soft robotic arms,underactuated robotic arms,and suction cups based on the principles of bionics.A new design for a robotic arm was proposed,and its working principle was explained.Then,the human rescue process was divided into two stages,and the grasping force of the robotic arm in each stage was analyzed separately.Finally,a prototype of the principle was developed,and the feasibility of the design principle of the robotic arm was verified through grasping experiments on a cross-sectional contour model of the human chest.At the same time,grasping experiments were conducted on different objects to demonstrate the potential application of the robotic arm in grasping ground objects.This research proposes a stress envelope adsorption rescue robot arm inspired by the adhesion ability of the Drosera plant and the stress envelope effect,which can apply force to the entire surface of the human body,reduce local force on the human body,ensure load-bearing capacity and adaptability,and improve the safety and stability of rescue grasping.展开更多
More than eighty years ago,when the Nazis brutally persecuted and mass-murdered the Jews,and nearly every country in the world shut its door to them desperately seeking refuge,the Chinese people,especially those of th...More than eighty years ago,when the Nazis brutally persecuted and mass-murdered the Jews,and nearly every country in the world shut its door to them desperately seeking refuge,the Chinese people,especially those of the city of Shanghai,opened their arms to the European Jews at this critical moment.展开更多
1 On December 26,2024,a remarkable act of heroism took place at Poospatuck Creek.Kayla Masotto,a 28⁃year⁃old resident of Mastic,Long Island,stepped into the role of a life⁃saver when she witnessed a man fall through t...1 On December 26,2024,a remarkable act of heroism took place at Poospatuck Creek.Kayla Masotto,a 28⁃year⁃old resident of Mastic,Long Island,stepped into the role of a life⁃saver when she witnessed a man fall through the ice on the lake.2 At about 6 pm,Kayla was washing vegetables in the kitchen when her attention was suddenly caught by a boy skating alone on the lake.In a split second,she witnessed the ice beneath him break,and the boy fell into the water.Without any hesitation,Kayla immediately grabbed her paddleboard(桨叶式冲浪板)and ran across her backyard,reaching the edge of the lake in seconds.展开更多
Charlie,a father from Sunderland,was enjoying a meal with friends when sudden panic erupted at a nearby table.A woman began to choke,her face turning red as her breaths became shallow.Her friend wildly pounded her bac...Charlie,a father from Sunderland,was enjoying a meal with friends when sudden panic erupted at a nearby table.A woman began to choke,her face turning red as her breaths became shallow.Her friend wildly pounded her back,and others yelled for help.Without hesitation,Charlie sprang into action.展开更多
主题语境:动物保护篇幅:316词建议用时:6分钟。1 A kayaking(皮划艇)guide turned into a real-life hero by saving a baby seal's life.He cut a dangerous fishing line off the seal's neck,an act that truly made a diffe...主题语境:动物保护篇幅:316词建议用时:6分钟。1 A kayaking(皮划艇)guide turned into a real-life hero by saving a baby seal's life.He cut a dangerous fishing line off the seal's neck,an act that truly made a difference.2 Earlier this month,a remarkable video was filmed at Walvis Bay,Namibia.In it,SJ Louw could be seen springing into action to give the seal pup a new opportunity for life.展开更多
Researchers have discovered that mice instinctively exhibit rescue-like behavior towards anesthetized companions-a finding that suggests a biological basis for prosociality.The study,published in PNAS on April 23,2025...Researchers have discovered that mice instinctively exhibit rescue-like behavior towards anesthetized companions-a finding that suggests a biological basis for prosociality.The study,published in PNAS on April 23,2025,was led by Dr.HU Li from the Institute of Psychology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(IPCAS)and Dr.CHEN Zhoufeng from Washington University School of Medicine and the Shenzhen Medical Academy of Research and Translation.展开更多
Objectives:At the time of the bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma City,Oklahoma(OKC),it was the deadliest terrorist attack in the United States of America.Available research on this incident,and in general,has...Objectives:At the time of the bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma City,Oklahoma(OKC),it was the deadliest terrorist attack in the United States of America.Available research on this incident,and in general,has been quantitative,using deductive methods.The purpose of the current study was to systematically examine professional disaster response workers’emotions elicited spontaneously and in detail as they were experienced over time after a major disaster.This qualitative study will add to existing knowledge of psychopathology and the psychosocial effects of disasters on professional responders,which have not been explored by prior quantitative studies.Methods:A volunteer sample of 181 rescue and recovery workers for the 1995 bombing of the OKC Murrah Federal Building was interviewed approximately 3 years after the bombing.These responders were asked open-ended questions to elicit undirected responses in their own words.In these interviews,they were prompted to describe their feelings at 3 distinct time points:upon their arrival at the bombing scene(“immediately”),in the first 1 week following the bombing,and currently at the time of the interview(“now”).Results:Data items were coded into the 5 themes:Anticipation,Shock and awe,Negative reactions,Positive reactions,and Emotionally unengaged/unaffected.The emotional themes of the responders mapped into 2 conceptual domains.The first domain is related to common human responses to horrible events such as the bombing.The second domain is related to the professional identities of the disaster responders.Conclusions:Specific aspects of the professional responder roles asserted themselves,shaping their emotional responses distinctly from those of the bomb blast survivors.This study identified both negative and positive emotions,which may help identify risk for or resistance to posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD).展开更多
A devastating disease called Huanglongbing(HLB) or citrus green is wiping out citrus trees across the globe. But we are seeing new hope. Scientists have recently uncovered a hidden battle happening inside citrus plant...A devastating disease called Huanglongbing(HLB) or citrus green is wiping out citrus trees across the globe. But we are seeing new hope. Scientists have recently uncovered a hidden battle happening inside citrus plants. Understanding this microscopic tug-of-war could be the key to rescuing our beloved oranges, lemons, and grapefruits.展开更多
Climate change exacerbates tourism emergencies, making it increasingly critical to enhance mitigation and adaptation capacity to alleviate extreme climate's impacts during tourism. Climate-induced impacts and thre...Climate change exacerbates tourism emergencies, making it increasingly critical to enhance mitigation and adaptation capacity to alleviate extreme climate's impacts during tourism. Climate-induced impacts and threats in mountainous tourism areas are more challenging given complex terrains and multiple risk sources. Prior studies have focused on assessing climate-related impacts in mountainous tourism areas, while limited studies have investigated the emergency rescue capacity of mountainous tourism areas. This largely constrains decision makers to adopt proper solutions to enhance emergency rescue capacity. To address this research challenges, this study aims to assess emergency rescue capability through an empirical study of the Wulong Karst Tourism Destination(WKTD) area in Chongqing, China. In particular, based on road network and emergency response facility data, the accessibility of road network was delineated by the Spatial Design Network Analysis(s DNA) model. The results indicate that fire and medical rescue facilities were extremely limited and their service coverage was irregular. Valleys significantly narrowed rescue facilities' service area and weakened their functional connection. With the vital 60-minute timeframe, the closeness and betweenness analyses revealed the low accessibility of global rescue roads, while relatively high accessibility of small-scale vehicle and pedestrian rescue roads. The Mean Crow Flight(MCF) and Diversion Ratio(DR) analyses verified that the accessibility of road rescue services was impeded by mountainous terrain. Overall, this study informs solutions pertaining to rescue and disaster mitigation in mountainous tourism areas.展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81200763 to WG and 81070809 to YZ)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents(NCET)at the University from Ministry of Education of China(NCET-11-0026)+1 种基金the PKU School of Stomatology for Talented Young Investigators(PKUSS20150107)the Construction Program for the National Key Clinical Specialty from the National Health and Family Planning Commission of China(2011)
文摘Bone tissue engineering may be hindered by underlying osteoporosis because of a decreased osteogenic ability of autologous seed cells and an unfavorably changed microenvironment in these patients. Epigenetic regulation plays an important role in the developmental origins of osteoporosis; however, few studies have investigated the potential of epigenetic therapy to improve or rescue the osteogenic ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMMSCs) under osteoporotic conditions. Here, we investigated pargyline, an inhibitor of lysine-specific demethylase 1(LSD1), which mainly catalyzes the demethylation of the di- and mono-methylation of H3K4. We demonstrated that 1.5 mmol·Lpargyline was the optimal concentration for the osteogenic differentiation of human BMMSCs. Pargyline rescued the osteogenic differentiation ability of mouse BMMSCs under osteoporotic conditions by enhancing the dimethylation level of H3K4 at the promoter regions of osteogenesis-related genes. Moreover, pargyline partially rescued or prevented the osteoporotic conditions in aged or ovariectomized mouse models, respectively. By introducing the concept of epigenetic therapy into the field of osteoporosis, this study demonstrated that LSD1 inhibitors could improve the clinical practice of MSC-based bone tissue engineering and proposes their novel use to treat osteoporosis.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scholars of China under contract No.41506164the foundation of the State Oceanic Administration of China under contract No.201105011+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation for Young Scholars of Fujian Province under contract No.2017J05062China-ASEAN maritime cooperation fund under contract No.HX150702the foundation of the Ministry of Agriculture of the People’s Republic of China under contract No.1070413701307the Ocean Park Conservation Foundation,Hong Kong(OPCFHK)under contract No.MM03_1617
文摘The analysis of cetacean strandings can provide fundamental information about species diversity and composition in a particular region. The present study collected and analyzed cetacean strandings, bycatches and rescues along the western coast of the Taiwan Strait, China, from 2010 to 2015. In total, 48 records, including 37 strandings, 8 bycatches and 3 rescues, involving 13 known species were collected. Among them, Indo-Pacific humpback dolphins（Sousa chinensis） and finless porpoises（Neophocaena phocaenoides） were the most common species, consisting of 31.3% and 25%, respectively. Notably, 10 out of the 48（20.8%） records were collected from the Pingtan Island and included 3 species of Mysticeti and 4 species of Odontoceti. Finally, we compared the cetacean species composition between the western and eastern coasts of the Taiwan Strait; 31 cetacean species occurred in the Taiwan Strait, indicating a relatively high cetacean diversity in this region. Systematic field surveys are urgently needed to explore the cetacean species composition, population stock and the related habitat status in the Taiwan Strait, which may improve conservation management in the future.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(11775280)Western Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y866020XB0)Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province(18JR3RA391)。
文摘Emerging evidence indicates that reprogramming of energy metabolism involving disturbances in energy production from a defect in cellular respiration with a shift to glvcolvsis is a core hallmark of cancer[1].
文摘This paper addresses the problem of multi-objective coalition formation for task allocation. In disaster rescue, due to the dynamics of environments, heterogeneity and complexity of tasks as well as limited available agents, it is hard for the single-objective and single （task）-to-single （agent） task allocation approaches to handle task allocation in such circumstances. To this end, two multi-objective coalition formation for task allocation models are proposed for disaster rescues in this paper. First, through coalition formation, the proposed models enable agents to cooperatively perform complex tasks that cannot be completed by single agent. In addition, through adjusting the weights of multiple task allocation objectives, the proposed models can employ the linear programming to generate more adaptive task allocation plans, which can satisfy different task allocation requirements in disaster rescue. Finally, through employing the multi-stage task allocation mechanism of the dynamic programming, the proposed models can handle the dynamics of tasks and agents in disaster environments. Experimental results indicate that the proposed models have good performance on coalition formation for task allocation in disaster environments, which can generate suitable task allocation plans according to various objectives of task allocation.
文摘Acute exposure to high altitude can cause acute altitude illnesses and is associated with impaired cognitive and physical performance.The most effective preventive strategies currently recommended include environmental acclimatization(slow ascent and/or pre-acclimatization)or pharmacological support of acclimatization using acetazolamide.However,these strategies are not practical for high-altitude exposures that require rapid and unplanned ascent,high physical and mental performance,such as rescue missions or military operations.Dexamethasone and other modulators of the glucocorticoid system take effect quickly and are effective alternatives for preventing acute altitude illnesses when rapidly ascending to high altitudes.As the efficacy of dexamethasone in preventing acute mountain illnesses remains controversial,a review of existing studies on the use of dexamethasone for the prevention of acute mountain sickness was conducted,aiming to determine the best strategy.Possible mechanisms of protection against acute altitude illnesses are discussed based on the results of clinical trials.The data indicate that dexamethasone is most effective at altitudes above 4000 m at doses of 8–16 mg/d.Appropriately designed and powered trials are needed to obtain more evidence-based results on the dosage and timing of dexamethasone administration,and to provide optimized recommendations for the application of this powerful pharmacological tool.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA (CARS-29-yc-3)。
文摘The embryo rescue technique plays an essential role in developing new seedless grape varieties.To enhance the efficiency of seedless grape embryo rescue breeding,this study evaluated 22 hybrid combinations and systematically investigated the effects of parental genotypes and plant hormones on embryo development and germination.Additionally,an in-depth analysis was conducted on the conversion of abnormal plantlets.Results indicate that‘Ruby Seedless’,‘Delight’,‘Huozhouheiyu’,‘Zitian Seedless’,and‘Zhengyan Seedless’are suitable as maternal parents,whereas‘Zitian Seedless’,‘Shennongxiangfeng’,‘Hongqitezao’,and‘Guibao’perform optimally as paternal parents.Among these,the crosses‘Ruby Seedless×Shennongxiangfeng’and‘Ruby Seedless×Zitian Seedless’exhibited the highest embryo rescue efficiency,with embryo development rates of 55.05 and 59.76%,yielding 1,348 and 2,235 viable plantlets,respectively.When 1.0 mg L^(–1) zeatin (ZT) was added to the MM3 medium supplemented with 0.2 mg L^(–1) indole-3-acetic acid (IAA),the embryo development rate of‘Ruby Seedless×Zitian Seedless’increased by 64.73%.In the WPM germination medium,supplementation with 0.2 mg L^(–1) ZT and 0.2 mg L^(–1) IAA resulted in the highest germination rate of 85.71%for the hybrid combination‘Huozhouheiyu×Shine Muscat’.Furthermore,3,365 abnormal plantlets were rescued via direct transformation and hypocotyl-induced adventitious bud regeneration,among which 1,234 were transformed into normal plantlets.Following hybridization,a total of 4,287 plants were successfully acclimatized and transplanted.This study provides theoretical insights to improve the efficiency of embryo rescue breeding in seedless grapes and offers valuable genetic resources for future breeding programs.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62306128the Leading Innovation Project of Changzhou Science and Technology Bureau underGrant CQ20230072+2 种基金the Basic Science Research Project of Jiangsu Provincial Department of Education under Grant 23KJD520003the Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Jilin Provinceunder Grant 20240101382JCthe National KeyR esearch and Development Program of China under Grant 2023YFF1105102.
文摘In fire rescue scenarios,traditional manual operations are highly dangerous,as dense smoke,low visibility,extreme heat,and toxic gases not only hinder rescue efficiency but also endanger firefighters’safety.Although intelligent rescue robots can enter hazardous environments in place of humans,smoke poses major challenges for human detection algorithms.These challenges include the attenuation of visible and infrared signals,complex thermal fields,and interference frombackground objects,all ofwhichmake it difficult to accurately identify trapped individuals.To address this problem,we propose VIF-YOLO,a visible–infrared fusion model for real-time human detection in dense smoke environments.The framework introduces a lightweight multimodal fusion(LMF)module based on learnable low-rank representation blocks to end-to-end integrate visible and infrared images,preserving fine details while enhancing salient features.In addition,an efficient multiscale attention(EMA)mechanism is incorporated into the YOLOv10n backbone to improve feature representation under low-light conditions.Extensive experiments on our newly constructedmultimodal smoke human detection(MSHD)dataset demonstrate thatVIF-YOLOachievesmAP50 of 99.5%,precision of 99.2%,and recall of 99.3%,outperforming YOLOv10n by a clear margin.Furthermore,when deployed on the NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX,VIF-YOLO attains 40.6 FPS with an average inference latency of 24.6 ms,validating its real-time capability on edge-computing platforms.These results confirm that VIF-YOLO provides accurate,robust,and fast detection across complex backgrounds and diverse smoke conditions,ensuring reliable and rapid localization of individuals in need of rescue.
文摘Objective: To analyze the impact of whole-process nursing on the rescue of emergency critically ill patients by setting a control group and an experimental group and comparing their experimental results. Methods: A total of 50 critically ill patients admitted to the Emergency Department from October 2022 to October 2023 were randomly divided into the experimental group (25 cases) and the control group (25 cases). The control group received routine nursing, while the experimental group received whole-process nursing. The rescue success rate and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: In the experimental group, 24 patients were rescued successfully, with a success rate of 96%;in the control group, 19 patients were rescued successfully, with a success rate of 76%, showing a significant difference (χ2 = 4.1528, p = 0.0415 < 0.05). The nursing satisfaction was 92% in the experimental group and 68% in the control group. Conclusion: Whole-process nursing can effectively improve the rescue success rate of critically ill patients, enhance the satisfaction of patients and their families, and improve patients’ quality of life.
文摘高速游艇在海上发生了故障,Lenny Leon Peter便在海上漂泊了 26日,终于被英国 HMS Grafton号护卫舰发现,而九死一生。文章中两次出现了spot一词,而不是用see,discover等动词,值得体味。因为spot的确切含义是:todetect or discern,especially visually/辨认或认出,特别指用眼睛看出。有趣的是,文中出现了lookout一词,其确切含义,你可要当心哟。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32020103011,32001905,and 31871976).
文摘The endosymbiont Wolbachia manipulates host reproduction by several strategies, one of the most important of which is cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). CI can be rescued when Wolbachia-infected males mate with females infected with the same Wolbachia strain. However, the potential rescue mechanism of CI in the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus is unclear. In this study, comparative transcriptome analysis was applied to explore the effect of Wolbachia on L. striatellus eggs. A total of 1387 differentially expressed genes were identified. RNA interference of 7 Wolbachia-upregulated key planthopper genes reduced egg reproduction, suggesting that Wolbachia might improve fecundity in L. striatellus by affecting these 7 genes. Suppressing the expression of another upregulated gene, NDUFA8 (encoding NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 α subcomplex subunit 8-like) by RNA interference significantly increased the mortality of early embryos without affecting the number of deposited eggs. Wolbachia infection upregulated the mRNA level of NDUFA8, and dsNDUFA8 treatment of Wolbachia-infected females recreated CI-like symptoms, suggesting that NDUFA8 is associated with the rescue phenotype. Because all L. striatellus populations worldwide are infected with Wolbachia, NDUFA8 is a potential pest control target.
基金supported by the Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases-National Science and Technology Major Project(grant no.2024ZD0530900)the International Cooperation Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.W2412121).
文摘Objective:This study aims to explore the therapeutic potential of decellularized adipose matrix(DAM)in rejuvenating photoaged skin by modulating the immune microenvironment.Impact Statement:DAM effectively induces M1 to M2 macrophage polarization and rescues the function of photoaged fibroblasts through paracrine mechanisms,providing a novel strategy for skin antiaging through immune microenvironment remodeling.Introduction:Photoaging,triggered by prolonged ultraviolet exposure,is marked by the depletion of skin structural elements and a persistent inflammatory environment.Current clinical interventions primarily target structural defects,while immune modulation remains underexplored.Therefore,developing biomaterials with both extracellular matrix(ECM)replenishment and immune regulatory functions is crucial for skin regeneration.Methods:A photoaged mouse model was established using ultraviolet B irradiation to validate the inflammatory microenvironment.DAM was prepared via physicochemical decellularization and assessed in vitro for its effects on macrophage polarization and macrophage-fibroblast cross-talk.A DAM-functionalized hyaluronic acid(HA/DAM)hydrogel was developed and evaluated for its effects on skin rejuvenation via subcutaneous injection.Results:In vitro experiments demonstrated that DAM substantially promoted M2 macrophage polarization,and M2-macrophage-conditioned medium further improved fibroblast functions,including oxidative stress resistance,migration,and ECM synthesis.In vivo,HA/DAM hydrogel not only increased dermal thickness and collagen density but also restructured the immune microenvironment through M2 macrophage polarization.Conclusion:DAM offers a novel therapeutic approach for skin rejuvenation by modulating the immune microenvironment,demonstrating notable clinical potential.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52475032)Central Government Guides Local Science and Technology Development Fund Projects(Grant No.246Z2001G)Hebei Provincial Natural Science Foundation Key Projects(Grant No.E2021203125).
文摘The existing research on rescue robots has focused mainly on reconnaissance,detection,and firefighting,and a small number of robots that can achieve human rescue have problems such as poor safety and stability and insufficient carrying capacity.This article addresses the above issues and cleverly combines the advantages of soft robotic arms,underactuated robotic arms,and suction cups based on the principles of bionics.A new design for a robotic arm was proposed,and its working principle was explained.Then,the human rescue process was divided into two stages,and the grasping force of the robotic arm in each stage was analyzed separately.Finally,a prototype of the principle was developed,and the feasibility of the design principle of the robotic arm was verified through grasping experiments on a cross-sectional contour model of the human chest.At the same time,grasping experiments were conducted on different objects to demonstrate the potential application of the robotic arm in grasping ground objects.This research proposes a stress envelope adsorption rescue robot arm inspired by the adhesion ability of the Drosera plant and the stress envelope effect,which can apply force to the entire surface of the human body,reduce local force on the human body,ensure load-bearing capacity and adaptability,and improve the safety and stability of rescue grasping.
文摘More than eighty years ago,when the Nazis brutally persecuted and mass-murdered the Jews,and nearly every country in the world shut its door to them desperately seeking refuge,the Chinese people,especially those of the city of Shanghai,opened their arms to the European Jews at this critical moment.
文摘1 On December 26,2024,a remarkable act of heroism took place at Poospatuck Creek.Kayla Masotto,a 28⁃year⁃old resident of Mastic,Long Island,stepped into the role of a life⁃saver when she witnessed a man fall through the ice on the lake.2 At about 6 pm,Kayla was washing vegetables in the kitchen when her attention was suddenly caught by a boy skating alone on the lake.In a split second,she witnessed the ice beneath him break,and the boy fell into the water.Without any hesitation,Kayla immediately grabbed her paddleboard(桨叶式冲浪板)and ran across her backyard,reaching the edge of the lake in seconds.
文摘Charlie,a father from Sunderland,was enjoying a meal with friends when sudden panic erupted at a nearby table.A woman began to choke,her face turning red as her breaths became shallow.Her friend wildly pounded her back,and others yelled for help.Without hesitation,Charlie sprang into action.
文摘主题语境:动物保护篇幅:316词建议用时:6分钟。1 A kayaking(皮划艇)guide turned into a real-life hero by saving a baby seal's life.He cut a dangerous fishing line off the seal's neck,an act that truly made a difference.2 Earlier this month,a remarkable video was filmed at Walvis Bay,Namibia.In it,SJ Louw could be seen springing into action to give the seal pup a new opportunity for life.
文摘Researchers have discovered that mice instinctively exhibit rescue-like behavior towards anesthetized companions-a finding that suggests a biological basis for prosociality.The study,published in PNAS on April 23,2025,was led by Dr.HU Li from the Institute of Psychology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(IPCAS)and Dr.CHEN Zhoufeng from Washington University School of Medicine and the Shenzhen Medical Academy of Research and Translation.
文摘Objectives:At the time of the bombing of the federal building in Oklahoma City,Oklahoma(OKC),it was the deadliest terrorist attack in the United States of America.Available research on this incident,and in general,has been quantitative,using deductive methods.The purpose of the current study was to systematically examine professional disaster response workers’emotions elicited spontaneously and in detail as they were experienced over time after a major disaster.This qualitative study will add to existing knowledge of psychopathology and the psychosocial effects of disasters on professional responders,which have not been explored by prior quantitative studies.Methods:A volunteer sample of 181 rescue and recovery workers for the 1995 bombing of the OKC Murrah Federal Building was interviewed approximately 3 years after the bombing.These responders were asked open-ended questions to elicit undirected responses in their own words.In these interviews,they were prompted to describe their feelings at 3 distinct time points:upon their arrival at the bombing scene(“immediately”),in the first 1 week following the bombing,and currently at the time of the interview(“now”).Results:Data items were coded into the 5 themes:Anticipation,Shock and awe,Negative reactions,Positive reactions,and Emotionally unengaged/unaffected.The emotional themes of the responders mapped into 2 conceptual domains.The first domain is related to common human responses to horrible events such as the bombing.The second domain is related to the professional identities of the disaster responders.Conclusions:Specific aspects of the professional responder roles asserted themselves,shaping their emotional responses distinctly from those of the bomb blast survivors.This study identified both negative and positive emotions,which may help identify risk for or resistance to posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD).
文摘A devastating disease called Huanglongbing(HLB) or citrus green is wiping out citrus trees across the globe. But we are seeing new hope. Scientists have recently uncovered a hidden battle happening inside citrus plants. Understanding this microscopic tug-of-war could be the key to rescuing our beloved oranges, lemons, and grapefruits.
基金supported by the State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Building and Urban Science (No.2024KA03)Southwest University Graduate Research Innovation Project (Grant No.SWUB23043)+1 种基金the China Meteorological Administration “Research on value realization of climate ecological products” Youth Innovation Team Project (No.CMA2024QN15)Chongqing Natural Science(No.CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX0670)。
文摘Climate change exacerbates tourism emergencies, making it increasingly critical to enhance mitigation and adaptation capacity to alleviate extreme climate's impacts during tourism. Climate-induced impacts and threats in mountainous tourism areas are more challenging given complex terrains and multiple risk sources. Prior studies have focused on assessing climate-related impacts in mountainous tourism areas, while limited studies have investigated the emergency rescue capacity of mountainous tourism areas. This largely constrains decision makers to adopt proper solutions to enhance emergency rescue capacity. To address this research challenges, this study aims to assess emergency rescue capability through an empirical study of the Wulong Karst Tourism Destination(WKTD) area in Chongqing, China. In particular, based on road network and emergency response facility data, the accessibility of road network was delineated by the Spatial Design Network Analysis(s DNA) model. The results indicate that fire and medical rescue facilities were extremely limited and their service coverage was irregular. Valleys significantly narrowed rescue facilities' service area and weakened their functional connection. With the vital 60-minute timeframe, the closeness and betweenness analyses revealed the low accessibility of global rescue roads, while relatively high accessibility of small-scale vehicle and pedestrian rescue roads. The Mean Crow Flight(MCF) and Diversion Ratio(DR) analyses verified that the accessibility of road rescue services was impeded by mountainous terrain. Overall, this study informs solutions pertaining to rescue and disaster mitigation in mountainous tourism areas.
