Hybrid renewable energy systems(HRES)offer cost-effectiveness,low-emission power solutions,and reduced dependence on fossil fuels.However,the renewable energy allocation problem remains challenging due to complex syst...Hybrid renewable energy systems(HRES)offer cost-effectiveness,low-emission power solutions,and reduced dependence on fossil fuels.However,the renewable energy allocation problem remains challenging due to complex system interactions and multiple operational constraints.This study develops a novel Multi-Neighborhood Enhanced Harris Hawks Optimization(MNEHHO)algorithm to address the allocation of HRES components.The proposed approach integrates key technical parameters,including charge-discharge efficiency,storage device configurations,and renewable energy fraction.We formulate a comprehensive mathematical model that simultaneously minimizes levelized energy costs and pollutant emissions while maintaining system reliability.The MNEHHO algorithm employs multiple neighborhood structures to enhance solution diversity and exploration capabilities.The model’s effectiveness is validated through case studies across four distinct institutional energy demand profiles.Results demonstrate that our approach successfully generates practically feasible HRES configurations while achieving significant reductions in costs and emissions compared to conventional methods.The enhanced search mechanisms of MNEHHO show superior performance in avoiding local optima and achieving consistent solutions.Experimental results demonstrate concrete improvements in solution quality(up to 46% improvement in objective value)and computational efficiency(average coefficient of variance of 24%-27%)across diverse institutional settings.This confirms the robustness and scalability of our method under various operational scenarios,providing a reliable framework for solving renewable energy allocation problems.展开更多
As the world’s fourth most populous country,Indonesia presents challenges and opportunities for sustainable energy progress,offering a critical context to investigate green human development(GHD).This study uniquely ...As the world’s fourth most populous country,Indonesia presents challenges and opportunities for sustainable energy progress,offering a critical context to investigate green human development(GHD).This study uniquely contributes to the literature by employing the planetary pressures-adjusted human development index(PHDI)as an indicator of GHD,which integrates environmental impacts into human development.Using static and dynamic econometric methods,including the quantile regression and autoregressive distributed lag model,it explores the impacts of renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption on GHD.The findings demonstrate that renewable energy currently has a detrimental impact on GHD due to its limited adoption and high costs.Conversely,nonrenewable energy positively influences GHD,as it is the primary energy source in the country and is becoming more efficient at reducing emissions.However,the study finds that greater use of renewable energy reduces its adverse effects,suggesting that as renewable energy technologies become more cost-effective and widely implemented,their initial adverse effects could be mitigated,leading to improved long-term GHD outcomes.These findings carry important implications for Indonesia,where the govern‐ment is striving to expand renewable energy capacity while promoting equitable development across its archi‐pelagic regions.They underscore the critical role of energy policy in balancing economic,social,and environmental goals,contributing meaningfully to the country’s sustainable development agenda.展开更多
Renewable Energy Systems(RES)provide a sustainable solution to climate warming and environmental pollution by enhancing stability and reliability through status acquisition and analysis on cloud platforms and intellig...Renewable Energy Systems(RES)provide a sustainable solution to climate warming and environmental pollution by enhancing stability and reliability through status acquisition and analysis on cloud platforms and intelligent processing on edge servers(ES).However,securely distributing encrypted data stored in the cloud to terminals that meet decryption requirements has become a prominent research topic.Additionally,managing attributes,including addition,deletion,and modification,is a crucial issue in the access control scheme for RES.To address these security concerns,a trust-based ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption(CP-ABE)device access control scheme is proposed for RES(TB-CP-ABE).This scheme effectivelymanages the distribution and control of encrypted data on the cloud through robust attribute key management.By introducing trust management mechanisms and outsourced decryption technology,the ES system can effectively assess and manage the trust worthiness of terminal devices,ensuring that only trusted devices can participate in data exchange and access sensitive information.Besides,the ES system dynamically evaluates trust scores to set decryption trust thresholds,thereby regulating device data access permissions and enhancing the system’s security.To validate the security of the proposed TB-CP-ABE against chosen plaintext attacks,a comprehensive formal security analysis is conducted using the widely accepted random oraclemodel under the decisional q-Bilinear Diffie-Hellman Exponent(q-BDHE)assumption.Finally,comparative analysis with other schemes demonstrates that the TB-CP-ABE scheme cuts energy/communication costs by 43%,and scaleswell with rising terminals,maintaining average latency below 50ms,ensuring real-time service feasibility.The proposed scheme not only provides newinsights for the secure management of RES but also lays a foundation for future secure energy solutions.展开更多
Nowadays,the development of effective bioplastics aims to combine traditional plastics’functionality with environmentally friendly properties.The most effective and durable modern bioplastics are made from the edible...Nowadays,the development of effective bioplastics aims to combine traditional plastics’functionality with environmentally friendly properties.The most effective and durable modern bioplastics are made from the edible part of crops.This forces bioplastics to competewith food production because the crops that produce bioplastics can also be used for human nutrition.That is why the article’s main focus is on creating bioplastics using renewable,non-food raw materials(cellulose,lignin,etc.).Eco-friendly composites based on a renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch,and poly(lactic acid)with reed and hemp waste as a filler.The physic-chemical features of the structure and surface,as well as the technological characteristics of reed and hemp waste as the organic fillers for renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch,and poly(lactic acid),were studied.Theeffect of the fractional composition analysis,morphology,and nature of reed and hempwaste on the quality of the design of eco-friendly biodegradable composites and their ability to disperse in the matrix of renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch and poly(lactic acid)was carried out.The influence of different content and morphology of reed and hemp waste on the composite characteristics was investigated.It is shown that the most optimal direction for obtaining strong eco-friendly biodegradable composites based on a renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch,and poly(lactic acid)is associated with the use of waste reed stalks,with its optimal content at the level of 50 wt.%.展开更多
The rapid development of renewable energy in Brazil depends not only on its abundant natural resource endowments but also on its systematic,forward-looking,and continuously evolving regulatory framework.Brazil has est...The rapid development of renewable energy in Brazil depends not only on its abundant natural resource endowments but also on its systematic,forward-looking,and continuously evolving regulatory framework.Brazil has established a multi-tiered regulatory framework with the National Council for Energy Policy(CNPE)providing strategic guidance,the Ministry of Mines and Energy(MME)serving as the primary policy implementation body,and the National Electric Energy Agency(ANEEL)and the National Agency of Petroleum,Natural Gas and Biofuels(ANP)sharing regulatory oversight responsibilities.展开更多
This review provides a comprehensive overview of natural rubber(NR)composites,focusing on their properties,compounding aspects,and renewable practices involving natural fibre reinforcement.The properties of NR are inf...This review provides a comprehensive overview of natural rubber(NR)composites,focusing on their properties,compounding aspects,and renewable practices involving natural fibre reinforcement.The properties of NR are influenced by the compounding process,which incorporates ingredients such as elastomers,vulcanizing agents,accelerators,activators,and fillers like carbon black and silica.While effective in enhancing properties,these fillers lack biodegradability,prompting the exploration of sustainable alternatives.The potential of natural fibres as renewable reinforcements in NR composites is thoroughly covered in this review,highlighting both their advan-tages,such as improved sustainability,and the challenges they present,such as compatibility with the rubber matrix.Surface treatment methods,including alkali and silane treatments,are also discussed as solutions to improve fibre-matrix adhesion and mitigate these challenges.Additionally,the review highlights the potential of oil palm empty fruit bunch(EFB)fibres as a natural fibre reinforcement.The abundance of EFB fibres and their alignment with sustainable practices make them promising substitutes for conventional fillers,contributing to valuable knowledge and supporting the broader move towards renewable reinforcement to improve sustain-ability without compromising the key properties of rubber composites.展开更多
The development of actuators based on ionic polymers as soft robotics,artificial muscles,and sensors is currently considered one of the most urgent topics.They are lightweight materials,in addition to their high effic...The development of actuators based on ionic polymers as soft robotics,artificial muscles,and sensors is currently considered one of the most urgent topics.They are lightweight materials,in addition to their high efficiency,and they can be controlled by a low power source.Nevertheless,the most popular ionic polymers are derived from fossil-based resources.Hence,it is now deemed crucial to produce these actuators using sustainable materials.In this review,the use of ionic polymeric materials as actuators is reviewed through the emphasis on their role in the domain of renewablematerials.The reviewencompasses recent advancements inmaterial formulation and performance enhancement,alongside a comparative analysis with conventional actuator systems.It was found that renewable polymeric actuators based on ionic gels and conductive polymers are easier to prepare compared to ionic polymermetal composites.In addition,the proportion of actuator manufacturing utilizing renewable materials rose to 90%,particularly for ion gel actuators,which was related to the possibility of using renewable polymers as ionic or conductive substances.Moreover,the possible improvements in biopolymeric actuators will experience an annual rise of at least 10%over the next decade,correlating with the growth of their market,which aligns with the worldwide goal of reducing global warming.Additionally,compared to fossil-derived polymers,the decomposition rate of renewable materials reaches 100%,while biodegradable fossil-based substances can exceed 60%within several weeks.Ultimately,this review aims to elucidate the potential of ionic polymeric materials as a viable and sustainable solution for future actuator technologies.展开更多
The expansion of renewable energy sources(RESs)in European Union countries has given rise to the development of Renewable Energy Communities(RECs),which aremade up of locally generated energy by these RESs controlled ...The expansion of renewable energy sources(RESs)in European Union countries has given rise to the development of Renewable Energy Communities(RECs),which aremade up of locally generated energy by these RESs controlled by individuals,businesses,enterprises,and public administrations.There are several advantages for creating these RECs and participating in them,which include social,environmental,and financial.Nonetheless,according to the Renewable Energy Directive(RED II),the idea of RECs has given opportunities for researchers to investigate the behavior from all aspects.These RECs are characterized by energy fluxes corresponding to self-consumption,energy sales,and energy sharing.Our work focuses on amathematical time-dependentmodel on an hourly basis that considers the optimization of photovoltaic-based RECs tomaximize profit based on the number of prosumers and consumers,as well as the impact of load profiles on the community’s technical and financial aspects usingMATLAB software.In this work,REC’s users can install their plant and become prosumers or vice versa,and users could change their consumption habits until the optimumconfiguration of REC is obtained.Moreover,this work also focuses on the financial analysis of the plant by comparing the Net Present Value(NPV)as a function of plant size,highlighting the advantage of creating a REC.Numerical results have been obtained investigating the case studies of RECs as per the Italian framework,which shows an optimal distribution of prosumers and consumers and an optimal load profile in which the maximum profitability is obtained.Optimization has been performed by considering different load profiles.Moreover,starting from the optimized configurations,an analysis based on the plant size is also made to maximize the NPV.This work has shown positive outcomes and would be helpful for the researchers and stakeholders while designing the RECs.展开更多
In this research work,the localized generation from renewable resources and the distribution of energy to agricultural loads,which is a local microgrid concept,have been considered,and its feasibility has been assesse...In this research work,the localized generation from renewable resources and the distribution of energy to agricultural loads,which is a local microgrid concept,have been considered,and its feasibility has been assessed.Two dispatch algorithms,named Cycle Charging and Load Following,are implemented to find the optimal solution(i.e.,net cost,operation cost,carbon emission.energy cost,component sizing,etc.)of the hybrid system.The microgrid is also modeled in the DIgSILENT Power Factory platform,and the respective power system responses are then evaluated.The development of dispatch algorithms specifically tailored for agricultural applications has enabled to dynamically manage energy flows,responding to fluctuating demands and resource availability in real-time.Through careful consideration of factors such as seasonal variations and irrigation requirements,these algorithms have enhanced the resilience and adaptability of the microgrid to dynamic operational conditions.However,it is revealed that both approaches have produced the same techno-economic results showing no significant difference.This illustrates the fact that the considered microgrid can be implemented with either strategy without significant fluctuation in performance.The study has shown that the harmful gas emission has also been limited to only 17,928 kg/year of CO_(2),and 77.7 kg/year of Sulfur Dioxide.For the proposed microgrid and load profile of 165.29 kWh/day,the net present cost is USD 718,279,and the cost of energy is USD 0.0463 with a renewable fraction of 97.6%.The optimal sizes for PV,Bio,Grid,Electrolyzer,and Converter are 1494,500,999,999,500,and 495 kW,respectively.For a hydrogen tank(HTank),the optimal size is found to be 350 kg.This research work provides critical insights into the techno-economic feasibility and environmental impact of integrating biomass-PV-hydrogen storage-Grid hybrid renewable microgrids into agricultural settings.展开更多
The circular economy(CE)presents a promising approach to integrating industry with sustainability and circularity,which helps minimize ecological harm and preserve natural resources for future generations.This study f...The circular economy(CE)presents a promising approach to integrating industry with sustainability and circularity,which helps minimize ecological harm and preserve natural resources for future generations.This study focused on the roles of nuclear energy,renewables,and climate policies in advancing a CE.It examined the intentions of OECD countries regarding CE practices and the various factors influencing these intentions from 2000 to 2019.This study utilized second-generation panel data tools,such as slope homogeneity and stationarity tests,to assess cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity in the panel dataset.The study employed the moment quantile regression(MM-QR)method to obtain regression estimates and analyze the conditional distribution across all quantiles.The findings indicated that the role of nuclear energy in promoting CE was negative across all quantiles.In contrast,renewable energy positively supports achieving CE in OECD countries.Climate policies assisted OECD countries in progressing toward CE in both the nuclear energy and renewable energy models.We conducted a robust check using a non-parametric panel Granger causality test,which confirmed the expected results for all other factors.The collaborative efforts for waste minimization ensure that nuclear energy systems are resilient,economically feasible,and environmentally sustainable.展开更多
With the rise in environmental awareness,the development of smart polymer materials is gradually becoming environmentally friendly and sustainable.Fluorescent liquid crystal elastomers(LCE)can change their shape or op...With the rise in environmental awareness,the development of smart polymer materials is gradually becoming environmentally friendly and sustainable.Fluorescent liquid crystal elastomers(LCE)can change their shape or optical properties in response to external stimuli,showing great potential for applications in sensing,information storage,and encryption.However,their life cycle is often unsustainable and not in line with the circular economy model.Based on the principle of green chemistry,a fluorescent LCE was developed through the co-polymerization of multiple monomers with 1,2-dithiolane end groups,which exhibited excellent self-healing,reprocessing,and closed-loop recyclability.In addition,by tailoring the phase transition temperature of the LCE,the transparency and fluorescence intensity of the resulting material can change at a low temperature of 8.0℃.By further integrating light or acid/base-triggered fluorescence information,a proof-of-concept for temperature monitoring during short-time vaccine transportation using the reusable fluorescent LCE film is demonstrated.This study establishes a new environmentally friendly manufacturing strategy for multifunctional LCE materials.展开更多
Understanding how renewable energy generation affects electricity prices is essential for designing efficient and sustainable electricity markets.However,most existing studies rely on regression-based approaches that ...Understanding how renewable energy generation affects electricity prices is essential for designing efficient and sustainable electricity markets.However,most existing studies rely on regression-based approaches that capture correlations but fail to identify causal relationships,particularly in the presence of non-linearities and confounding factors.This limits their value for informing policy and market design in the context of the energy transition.To address this gap,we propose a novel causal inference framework based on local partially linear double machine learning(DML).Our method isolates the true impact of predicted wind and solar power generation on electricity prices by controlling for high-dimensional confounders and allowing for non-linear,context-dependent effects.This represents a substantial methodological advancement over standard econometric techniques.Applying this framework to the UK electricity market over the period 2018-2024,we produce the first robust causal estimates of how renewables affect dayahead wholesale electricity prices.We find that wind power exerts a U-shaped causal effect:at low penetration levels,a 1 GWh increase reduces prices by up to£7/MWh,the effect weakens at mid-levels,and intensifies again at higher penetration.Solar power consistently reduces prices at low penetration levels,up to£9/MWh per additional GWh,but its marginal effect diminishes quickly.Importantly,the magnitude of these effects has increased over time,reflecting the growing influence of renewables on price formation as their share in the energy mix rises.These findings offer a sound empirical basis for improving the design of support schemes,refining capacity planning,and enhancing electricity market efficiency.By providing a robust causal understanding of renewable impacts,our study contributes both methodological innovation and actionable insights to guide future energy policy.展开更多
The article presents the results of a study on the possibility of synthesizing biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)[P(3HB-co-4HB)]from renewable waste fish oil(WFO)by the Cupriavidus necator B-10...The article presents the results of a study on the possibility of synthesizing biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)[P(3HB-co-4HB)]from renewable waste fish oil(WFO)by the Cupriavidus necator B-10646 bacterium.For the first time,waste oil generated during the processing of Sprattus balticus in the pro-duction of sprats was used as the main carbon substrate for the synthesis of P(3HB-co-4HB),andε-caprolactone was used as a precursor instead of the more expensiveγ-butyrolactone.Samples of P(3HB-co-4HB)with a 4HB monomer content from 7.4 to 11.6 mol.%were synthesized,and values of the bacterial biomass yield and the total yield of the copolymer were comparable with the control(where butyric acid was used as carbon source).The following properties of the samples were studied:molecular weight,temperature characteristics,thermal behavior,isothermal crystallization of melts,and the formation of spherulites.The renewable fatty substrate of complex composition was used to synthesize samples of technologically advanced low-crystallinity P(3HB-co-4HB)with significant proportions of 4HB,without impairing the physicochemical properties of the polymer.The biotech-nological process involving the use of renewable WFO andε-caprolactone can be employed to reduce the costs of producing a promising“green”bioplastic and make it more affordable.展开更多
With the rapid development of industry,the environmental problems caused by heavy metal arsenic and antimony are becoming increasingly serious.Therefore,it is urgent to solve the problem of arsenic and antimony pollut...With the rapid development of industry,the environmental problems caused by heavy metal arsenic and antimony are becoming increasingly serious.Therefore,it is urgent to solve the problem of arsenic and antimony pollution in the water environment.Renewable carbon-based materials,as a kind of adsorbent widely used in wastewater treatment,have been the focus of scholars’research for many years.In this review,the preparation methods,characteristics,and applications of renewable carbon-based materials(biochar,activated carbon,carbon nanotubes,and graphene)for the removal of arsenic and antimony are described in detail.Based on adsorption kinetics,isothermal adsorption,temperature,pH,and coexisting ions,we discuss the process of adsorption of arsenic and antimony by renewable carbon-based materials,explore the mechanism of adsorption of anions in water by renewable carbon-basedmaterials,and comparatively analyze the differences in adsorption performance of arsenic and antimony by different renewable carbon-based materials.Compared with biochar,activated carbon,carbon nanotube,and graphene renewable materials loaded with iron-manganese oxides have better removal effects on arsenic and antimony wastewater.Extensive research data shows that biochar,as a renewable material,is recommended,followed by activated carbon.Both are recommended because of their excellent adsorption properties and low production costs.Finally,the prospects and challenges of the application of renewable carbon-based materials in wastewater treatment are discussed,and the directions and development trends of future research are pointed out,which provide references and insights for further promoting the application of renewable carbon-based materials in wastewater treatment.展开更多
Natural resources,green energy,and sustainable development are closely linked with concepts that carry mutual goals to endorse social equity,economic prosperity,and ecological stability while curtailing the harmful in...Natural resources,green energy,and sustainable development are closely linked with concepts that carry mutual goals to endorse social equity,economic prosperity,and ecological stability while curtailing the harmful influence on the globe.However,the recognition of the Sustainable Development Goals(SDG-7,SDG-13)is closely entangled with digital economy.In this pursuit,this study scrutinizes the effect of dig-italization,renewable energy,and natural resources on the ecological footprint in China from 1990Q1-2022Q4.The empirical analyses are carried out by employing the Quantile-on-Quantile regression,and cross-quantile and partial cross-quantile correlation approaches to inspect the tail dependence of model parameters.The empirical outcomes highlight how China’s environmental quality is influenced by exoge-nous variables,including digitalization index,renewable energy consumption,and natural resources.Digitalization has adverse impact on the ecological footprint in lower quantiles,while insignificant in higher quantiles.Moreover,a strong adverse association exists between ecological footprint and renew-able energy,which syndicate all the quantiles of renewable energy with linking over lower to middle quantiles and weak in higher quantiles of ecological footprint.Besides,the estimated analysis discloses nuanced dependencies across various quantiles.Similarly,it can be found that the strong negative effect of natural resources on ecological footprint in initial quantiles,moderate in middle quantiles,and less positive effect in higher quantiles.By explaining these dynamics,the current study offers valuable intu-itions designed at controlling China toward its dual-carbon target and encouraging the development of a sustainable digital and green economy and thereby,continuing towards achieving SDG-7,and SDG-13 objectives.展开更多
In July 2025,Claudio Descalzi,CEO of Italian oil company Eni,stated in an interview with the Financial Times that Eni’s low-carbon business operating profits would equal those of its oil and gas business by 2035 and ...In July 2025,Claudio Descalzi,CEO of Italian oil company Eni,stated in an interview with the Financial Times that Eni’s low-carbon business operating profits would equal those of its oil and gas business by 2035 and exceed oil and gas business profits by 2040.Meanwhile,British oil company bp is scaling back its low-carbon business under shareholder pressure,returning to traditional oil and gas operations,and plans to gradually dispose of USD 20 billion worth of low-carbon business assets such as onshore wind farms,aiming to increase oil and gas production to 2.3−2.5 million boe per day by 2030.Two European oil companies are heading in completely different strategic directions.In the future,whether Eni can achieve its expected goals of making renewable energy business a key core business,as well as what development strategies oil and gas companies should implement and adhere to,are questions worthy of deep consideration.展开更多
Global climate change has created substantial difficulties in the areas of sustainability,development,and environmental conservation due to the widespread dependence on fossil fuels for energy production.Nevertheless,...Global climate change has created substantial difficulties in the areas of sustainability,development,and environmental conservation due to the widespread dependence on fossil fuels for energy production.Nevertheless,the promotion of renewable energy programs has the potential to significantly expedite endeavors aimed at tackling climate change.Thus,it is essential to conduct a thorough analysis that considers the financial aspects to fully understand the main hurdles that are preventing the advancement of renewable energy initiatives.Italy is a leading country in the worldwide deployment of renewable energy.The objective of this research is to assess the impact of financial growth,economic progress,and energy expenses on Italy’s adoption of renewable energy sources.By employing the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag(ARDL)technique,we analyzed annual data spanning from1990 to 2022.Findings revealed that a 1%increase in financial and economic development would boost renewable energy consumption in the long run by 0.29%and 0.48%,respectively.Instead,a 1%increase in energy prices might reduce consumption of renewable energy by 0.05%in the long run.This study’s primary significance lies in furnishing actionable strategies for Italy to augment green finance for renewable energy,fostering sustained social and economic progress.Moreover,the analytical insights gleaned from this research offer valuable insights for energy-importing nations worldwide.展开更多
Electrification of roadways using dynamic wireless charging(DWC)technology can provide an effective solution to range anxiety,high battery costs and long charging times of electric vehicles(EVs).With DWC systems insta...Electrification of roadways using dynamic wireless charging(DWC)technology can provide an effective solution to range anxiety,high battery costs and long charging times of electric vehicles(EVs).With DWC systems installed on roadways,they constitute a charging infrastructure or electrified roads(eRoads)that have many advantages.For instance,the large battery size of heavy-duty EVs can significantly be downsized due to charging-whiledriving.However,a high power demand of the DWC system,especially during traffic rush periods,could lead to voltage instability in the grid and undesirable power demand curves.In this paper,a model for the power demand is developed to predict the DWC system's power demand at various levels of EV penetration rate.The DWC power demand profile in the chosen 550 km section of a major highway in Canada is simulated.Solar photovoltaic(PV)panels are integrated with the DWC,and the integrated system is optimized to mitigate the peak power demand on the electrical grid.With solar panels of 55,000 kW rated capacity installed along roadsides in the study region,the peak power demand on the electrical grid is reduced from 167.5 to 136.1 MW or by 18.7%at an EV penetration rate of 30%under monthly average daily solar radiation in July.It is evidenced that solar PV power has effectively smoothed the peak power demand on the grid.Moreover,the locally generated renewable power could help ease off expensive grid upgrades and expansions for the eRoad.Also,the economic feasibility of the solar PV integrated DWC system is assessed using cost analysis metrics.展开更多
In response to global energy transformation and market changes,China's renewable energy industry chain is accelerating its overseas layout.Central and Eastern European countries,with their positions connecting the...In response to global energy transformation and market changes,China's renewable energy industry chain is accelerating its overseas layout.Central and Eastern European countries,with their positions connecting the auto industry Belt ofWestern Europe with the Balkan energy corridor,as well as their well-established industrial foundations and friendly industrial policies,have become strategic locations for Chinese renewable energy enterprises to build factories in Europe.展开更多
Grid-forming(GFM)control is a key technology for ensuring the safe and stable operation of renewable power systems dominated by converter-interfaced generation(CIG),including wind power,photovoltaic,and battery energy...Grid-forming(GFM)control is a key technology for ensuring the safe and stable operation of renewable power systems dominated by converter-interfaced generation(CIG),including wind power,photovoltaic,and battery energy storage.In this paper,we challenge the traditional approach of emulating a synchronous generator by proposing a frequency-fixed GFM control strategy.The CIG endeavors to regulate itself as a constant voltage source without control dynamics due to its capability limitation,denoted as the frequency-fixed zone.With the proposed strategy,the system frequency is almost always fixed at its rated value,achieving system active power balance independent of frequency,and intentional power flow adjustments are implemented through direct phase angle control.This approach significantly reduces the frequency dynamics and safety issues associated with frequency variations.Furthermore,synchronization dynamics are significantly diminished,and synchronization stability is enhanced.The proposed strategy has the potential to realize a renewable power system with a fixed frequency and robust stability.展开更多
文摘Hybrid renewable energy systems(HRES)offer cost-effectiveness,low-emission power solutions,and reduced dependence on fossil fuels.However,the renewable energy allocation problem remains challenging due to complex system interactions and multiple operational constraints.This study develops a novel Multi-Neighborhood Enhanced Harris Hawks Optimization(MNEHHO)algorithm to address the allocation of HRES components.The proposed approach integrates key technical parameters,including charge-discharge efficiency,storage device configurations,and renewable energy fraction.We formulate a comprehensive mathematical model that simultaneously minimizes levelized energy costs and pollutant emissions while maintaining system reliability.The MNEHHO algorithm employs multiple neighborhood structures to enhance solution diversity and exploration capabilities.The model’s effectiveness is validated through case studies across four distinct institutional energy demand profiles.Results demonstrate that our approach successfully generates practically feasible HRES configurations while achieving significant reductions in costs and emissions compared to conventional methods.The enhanced search mechanisms of MNEHHO show superior performance in avoiding local optima and achieving consistent solutions.Experimental results demonstrate concrete improvements in solution quality(up to 46% improvement in objective value)and computational efficiency(average coefficient of variance of 24%-27%)across diverse institutional settings.This confirms the robustness and scalability of our method under various operational scenarios,providing a reliable framework for solving renewable energy allocation problems.
文摘As the world’s fourth most populous country,Indonesia presents challenges and opportunities for sustainable energy progress,offering a critical context to investigate green human development(GHD).This study uniquely contributes to the literature by employing the planetary pressures-adjusted human development index(PHDI)as an indicator of GHD,which integrates environmental impacts into human development.Using static and dynamic econometric methods,including the quantile regression and autoregressive distributed lag model,it explores the impacts of renewable and nonrenewable energy consumption on GHD.The findings demonstrate that renewable energy currently has a detrimental impact on GHD due to its limited adoption and high costs.Conversely,nonrenewable energy positively influences GHD,as it is the primary energy source in the country and is becoming more efficient at reducing emissions.However,the study finds that greater use of renewable energy reduces its adverse effects,suggesting that as renewable energy technologies become more cost-effective and widely implemented,their initial adverse effects could be mitigated,leading to improved long-term GHD outcomes.These findings carry important implications for Indonesia,where the govern‐ment is striving to expand renewable energy capacity while promoting equitable development across its archi‐pelagic regions.They underscore the critical role of energy policy in balancing economic,social,and environmental goals,contributing meaningfully to the country’s sustainable development agenda.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of the State Grid Corporation of China,Grant number 5700-202223189A-1-1-ZN.
文摘Renewable Energy Systems(RES)provide a sustainable solution to climate warming and environmental pollution by enhancing stability and reliability through status acquisition and analysis on cloud platforms and intelligent processing on edge servers(ES).However,securely distributing encrypted data stored in the cloud to terminals that meet decryption requirements has become a prominent research topic.Additionally,managing attributes,including addition,deletion,and modification,is a crucial issue in the access control scheme for RES.To address these security concerns,a trust-based ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption(CP-ABE)device access control scheme is proposed for RES(TB-CP-ABE).This scheme effectivelymanages the distribution and control of encrypted data on the cloud through robust attribute key management.By introducing trust management mechanisms and outsourced decryption technology,the ES system can effectively assess and manage the trust worthiness of terminal devices,ensuring that only trusted devices can participate in data exchange and access sensitive information.Besides,the ES system dynamically evaluates trust scores to set decryption trust thresholds,thereby regulating device data access permissions and enhancing the system’s security.To validate the security of the proposed TB-CP-ABE against chosen plaintext attacks,a comprehensive formal security analysis is conducted using the widely accepted random oraclemodel under the decisional q-Bilinear Diffie-Hellman Exponent(q-BDHE)assumption.Finally,comparative analysis with other schemes demonstrates that the TB-CP-ABE scheme cuts energy/communication costs by 43%,and scaleswell with rising terminals,maintaining average latency below 50ms,ensuring real-time service feasibility.The proposed scheme not only provides newinsights for the secure management of RES but also lays a foundation for future secure energy solutions.
文摘Nowadays,the development of effective bioplastics aims to combine traditional plastics’functionality with environmentally friendly properties.The most effective and durable modern bioplastics are made from the edible part of crops.This forces bioplastics to competewith food production because the crops that produce bioplastics can also be used for human nutrition.That is why the article’s main focus is on creating bioplastics using renewable,non-food raw materials(cellulose,lignin,etc.).Eco-friendly composites based on a renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch,and poly(lactic acid)with reed and hemp waste as a filler.The physic-chemical features of the structure and surface,as well as the technological characteristics of reed and hemp waste as the organic fillers for renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch,and poly(lactic acid),were studied.Theeffect of the fractional composition analysis,morphology,and nature of reed and hempwaste on the quality of the design of eco-friendly biodegradable composites and their ability to disperse in the matrix of renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch and poly(lactic acid)was carried out.The influence of different content and morphology of reed and hemp waste on the composite characteristics was investigated.It is shown that the most optimal direction for obtaining strong eco-friendly biodegradable composites based on a renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch,and poly(lactic acid)is associated with the use of waste reed stalks,with its optimal content at the level of 50 wt.%.
文摘The rapid development of renewable energy in Brazil depends not only on its abundant natural resource endowments but also on its systematic,forward-looking,and continuously evolving regulatory framework.Brazil has established a multi-tiered regulatory framework with the National Council for Energy Policy(CNPE)providing strategic guidance,the Ministry of Mines and Energy(MME)serving as the primary policy implementation body,and the National Electric Energy Agency(ANEEL)and the National Agency of Petroleum,Natural Gas and Biofuels(ANP)sharing regulatory oversight responsibilities.
基金funded under the Collaborative Research Initiative Grant Scheme(C-RIGS),grant number C-RIGS24-016-0022 from IIUM.
文摘This review provides a comprehensive overview of natural rubber(NR)composites,focusing on their properties,compounding aspects,and renewable practices involving natural fibre reinforcement.The properties of NR are influenced by the compounding process,which incorporates ingredients such as elastomers,vulcanizing agents,accelerators,activators,and fillers like carbon black and silica.While effective in enhancing properties,these fillers lack biodegradability,prompting the exploration of sustainable alternatives.The potential of natural fibres as renewable reinforcements in NR composites is thoroughly covered in this review,highlighting both their advan-tages,such as improved sustainability,and the challenges they present,such as compatibility with the rubber matrix.Surface treatment methods,including alkali and silane treatments,are also discussed as solutions to improve fibre-matrix adhesion and mitigate these challenges.Additionally,the review highlights the potential of oil palm empty fruit bunch(EFB)fibres as a natural fibre reinforcement.The abundance of EFB fibres and their alignment with sustainable practices make them promising substitutes for conventional fillers,contributing to valuable knowledge and supporting the broader move towards renewable reinforcement to improve sustain-ability without compromising the key properties of rubber composites.
基金funded by the Russian Science Foundation(RSF),grantNo.24-23-00558,https://rscf.ru/en/project/24-23-00558/(accessed on 04 February 2025).
文摘The development of actuators based on ionic polymers as soft robotics,artificial muscles,and sensors is currently considered one of the most urgent topics.They are lightweight materials,in addition to their high efficiency,and they can be controlled by a low power source.Nevertheless,the most popular ionic polymers are derived from fossil-based resources.Hence,it is now deemed crucial to produce these actuators using sustainable materials.In this review,the use of ionic polymeric materials as actuators is reviewed through the emphasis on their role in the domain of renewablematerials.The reviewencompasses recent advancements inmaterial formulation and performance enhancement,alongside a comparative analysis with conventional actuator systems.It was found that renewable polymeric actuators based on ionic gels and conductive polymers are easier to prepare compared to ionic polymermetal composites.In addition,the proportion of actuator manufacturing utilizing renewable materials rose to 90%,particularly for ion gel actuators,which was related to the possibility of using renewable polymers as ionic or conductive substances.Moreover,the possible improvements in biopolymeric actuators will experience an annual rise of at least 10%over the next decade,correlating with the growth of their market,which aligns with the worldwide goal of reducing global warming.Additionally,compared to fossil-derived polymers,the decomposition rate of renewable materials reaches 100%,while biodegradable fossil-based substances can exceed 60%within several weeks.Ultimately,this review aims to elucidate the potential of ionic polymeric materials as a viable and sustainable solution for future actuator technologies.
文摘The expansion of renewable energy sources(RESs)in European Union countries has given rise to the development of Renewable Energy Communities(RECs),which aremade up of locally generated energy by these RESs controlled by individuals,businesses,enterprises,and public administrations.There are several advantages for creating these RECs and participating in them,which include social,environmental,and financial.Nonetheless,according to the Renewable Energy Directive(RED II),the idea of RECs has given opportunities for researchers to investigate the behavior from all aspects.These RECs are characterized by energy fluxes corresponding to self-consumption,energy sales,and energy sharing.Our work focuses on amathematical time-dependentmodel on an hourly basis that considers the optimization of photovoltaic-based RECs tomaximize profit based on the number of prosumers and consumers,as well as the impact of load profiles on the community’s technical and financial aspects usingMATLAB software.In this work,REC’s users can install their plant and become prosumers or vice versa,and users could change their consumption habits until the optimumconfiguration of REC is obtained.Moreover,this work also focuses on the financial analysis of the plant by comparing the Net Present Value(NPV)as a function of plant size,highlighting the advantage of creating a REC.Numerical results have been obtained investigating the case studies of RECs as per the Italian framework,which shows an optimal distribution of prosumers and consumers and an optimal load profile in which the maximum profitability is obtained.Optimization has been performed by considering different load profiles.Moreover,starting from the optimized configurations,an analysis based on the plant size is also made to maximize the NPV.This work has shown positive outcomes and would be helpful for the researchers and stakeholders while designing the RECs.
基金financed by the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST)Bangladesh under Special Research grant for the FY 2023-24(SRG 232410)Further,the authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at Northern Border University,Arar,Saudi Arabi for funding this research work through the project number“NBU-FFR-2025-3623-05”。
文摘In this research work,the localized generation from renewable resources and the distribution of energy to agricultural loads,which is a local microgrid concept,have been considered,and its feasibility has been assessed.Two dispatch algorithms,named Cycle Charging and Load Following,are implemented to find the optimal solution(i.e.,net cost,operation cost,carbon emission.energy cost,component sizing,etc.)of the hybrid system.The microgrid is also modeled in the DIgSILENT Power Factory platform,and the respective power system responses are then evaluated.The development of dispatch algorithms specifically tailored for agricultural applications has enabled to dynamically manage energy flows,responding to fluctuating demands and resource availability in real-time.Through careful consideration of factors such as seasonal variations and irrigation requirements,these algorithms have enhanced the resilience and adaptability of the microgrid to dynamic operational conditions.However,it is revealed that both approaches have produced the same techno-economic results showing no significant difference.This illustrates the fact that the considered microgrid can be implemented with either strategy without significant fluctuation in performance.The study has shown that the harmful gas emission has also been limited to only 17,928 kg/year of CO_(2),and 77.7 kg/year of Sulfur Dioxide.For the proposed microgrid and load profile of 165.29 kWh/day,the net present cost is USD 718,279,and the cost of energy is USD 0.0463 with a renewable fraction of 97.6%.The optimal sizes for PV,Bio,Grid,Electrolyzer,and Converter are 1494,500,999,999,500,and 495 kW,respectively.For a hydrogen tank(HTank),the optimal size is found to be 350 kg.This research work provides critical insights into the techno-economic feasibility and environmental impact of integrating biomass-PV-hydrogen storage-Grid hybrid renewable microgrids into agricultural settings.
文摘The circular economy(CE)presents a promising approach to integrating industry with sustainability and circularity,which helps minimize ecological harm and preserve natural resources for future generations.This study focused on the roles of nuclear energy,renewables,and climate policies in advancing a CE.It examined the intentions of OECD countries regarding CE practices and the various factors influencing these intentions from 2000 to 2019.This study utilized second-generation panel data tools,such as slope homogeneity and stationarity tests,to assess cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity in the panel dataset.The study employed the moment quantile regression(MM-QR)method to obtain regression estimates and analyze the conditional distribution across all quantiles.The findings indicated that the role of nuclear energy in promoting CE was negative across all quantiles.In contrast,renewable energy positively supports achieving CE in OECD countries.Climate policies assisted OECD countries in progressing toward CE in both the nuclear energy and renewable energy models.We conducted a robust check using a non-parametric panel Granger causality test,which confirmed the expected results for all other factors.The collaborative efforts for waste minimization ensure that nuclear energy systems are resilient,economically feasible,and environmentally sustainable.
基金support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52073017 and 51773009)。
文摘With the rise in environmental awareness,the development of smart polymer materials is gradually becoming environmentally friendly and sustainable.Fluorescent liquid crystal elastomers(LCE)can change their shape or optical properties in response to external stimuli,showing great potential for applications in sensing,information storage,and encryption.However,their life cycle is often unsustainable and not in line with the circular economy model.Based on the principle of green chemistry,a fluorescent LCE was developed through the co-polymerization of multiple monomers with 1,2-dithiolane end groups,which exhibited excellent self-healing,reprocessing,and closed-loop recyclability.In addition,by tailoring the phase transition temperature of the LCE,the transparency and fluorescence intensity of the resulting material can change at a low temperature of 8.0℃.By further integrating light or acid/base-triggered fluorescence information,a proof-of-concept for temperature monitoring during short-time vaccine transportation using the reusable fluorescent LCE film is demonstrated.This study establishes a new environmentally friendly manufacturing strategy for multifunctional LCE materials.
文摘Understanding how renewable energy generation affects electricity prices is essential for designing efficient and sustainable electricity markets.However,most existing studies rely on regression-based approaches that capture correlations but fail to identify causal relationships,particularly in the presence of non-linearities and confounding factors.This limits their value for informing policy and market design in the context of the energy transition.To address this gap,we propose a novel causal inference framework based on local partially linear double machine learning(DML).Our method isolates the true impact of predicted wind and solar power generation on electricity prices by controlling for high-dimensional confounders and allowing for non-linear,context-dependent effects.This represents a substantial methodological advancement over standard econometric techniques.Applying this framework to the UK electricity market over the period 2018-2024,we produce the first robust causal estimates of how renewables affect dayahead wholesale electricity prices.We find that wind power exerts a U-shaped causal effect:at low penetration levels,a 1 GWh increase reduces prices by up to£7/MWh,the effect weakens at mid-levels,and intensifies again at higher penetration.Solar power consistently reduces prices at low penetration levels,up to£9/MWh per additional GWh,but its marginal effect diminishes quickly.Importantly,the magnitude of these effects has increased over time,reflecting the growing influence of renewables on price formation as their share in the energy mix rises.These findings offer a sound empirical basis for improving the design of support schemes,refining capacity planning,and enhancing electricity market efficiency.By providing a robust causal understanding of renewable impacts,our study contributes both methodological innovation and actionable insights to guide future energy policy.
基金funded by the Russian Science Foundation,grant number 23-64-10007.
文摘The article presents the results of a study on the possibility of synthesizing biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)[P(3HB-co-4HB)]from renewable waste fish oil(WFO)by the Cupriavidus necator B-10646 bacterium.For the first time,waste oil generated during the processing of Sprattus balticus in the pro-duction of sprats was used as the main carbon substrate for the synthesis of P(3HB-co-4HB),andε-caprolactone was used as a precursor instead of the more expensiveγ-butyrolactone.Samples of P(3HB-co-4HB)with a 4HB monomer content from 7.4 to 11.6 mol.%were synthesized,and values of the bacterial biomass yield and the total yield of the copolymer were comparable with the control(where butyric acid was used as carbon source).The following properties of the samples were studied:molecular weight,temperature characteristics,thermal behavior,isothermal crystallization of melts,and the formation of spherulites.The renewable fatty substrate of complex composition was used to synthesize samples of technologically advanced low-crystallinity P(3HB-co-4HB)with significant proportions of 4HB,without impairing the physicochemical properties of the polymer.The biotech-nological process involving the use of renewable WFO andε-caprolactone can be employed to reduce the costs of producing a promising“green”bioplastic and make it more affordable.
基金funded by the following grants,including the Key Research and Development Programof Shaanxi Province(Nos.2023-LL-QY-42,2024NC-ZDCYL-02-05)the Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology Research Initiation Grant Program(No.1960323102)+1 种基金the Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology Special Program for Cultivation of Frontier Interdisciplinary Fields(No.X20230079)the Open Fund for the Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Nutrition of Ningxia(No.ZHS202401).
文摘With the rapid development of industry,the environmental problems caused by heavy metal arsenic and antimony are becoming increasingly serious.Therefore,it is urgent to solve the problem of arsenic and antimony pollution in the water environment.Renewable carbon-based materials,as a kind of adsorbent widely used in wastewater treatment,have been the focus of scholars’research for many years.In this review,the preparation methods,characteristics,and applications of renewable carbon-based materials(biochar,activated carbon,carbon nanotubes,and graphene)for the removal of arsenic and antimony are described in detail.Based on adsorption kinetics,isothermal adsorption,temperature,pH,and coexisting ions,we discuss the process of adsorption of arsenic and antimony by renewable carbon-based materials,explore the mechanism of adsorption of anions in water by renewable carbon-basedmaterials,and comparatively analyze the differences in adsorption performance of arsenic and antimony by different renewable carbon-based materials.Compared with biochar,activated carbon,carbon nanotube,and graphene renewable materials loaded with iron-manganese oxides have better removal effects on arsenic and antimony wastewater.Extensive research data shows that biochar,as a renewable material,is recommended,followed by activated carbon.Both are recommended because of their excellent adsorption properties and low production costs.Finally,the prospects and challenges of the application of renewable carbon-based materials in wastewater treatment are discussed,and the directions and development trends of future research are pointed out,which provide references and insights for further promoting the application of renewable carbon-based materials in wastewater treatment.
文摘Natural resources,green energy,and sustainable development are closely linked with concepts that carry mutual goals to endorse social equity,economic prosperity,and ecological stability while curtailing the harmful influence on the globe.However,the recognition of the Sustainable Development Goals(SDG-7,SDG-13)is closely entangled with digital economy.In this pursuit,this study scrutinizes the effect of dig-italization,renewable energy,and natural resources on the ecological footprint in China from 1990Q1-2022Q4.The empirical analyses are carried out by employing the Quantile-on-Quantile regression,and cross-quantile and partial cross-quantile correlation approaches to inspect the tail dependence of model parameters.The empirical outcomes highlight how China’s environmental quality is influenced by exoge-nous variables,including digitalization index,renewable energy consumption,and natural resources.Digitalization has adverse impact on the ecological footprint in lower quantiles,while insignificant in higher quantiles.Moreover,a strong adverse association exists between ecological footprint and renew-able energy,which syndicate all the quantiles of renewable energy with linking over lower to middle quantiles and weak in higher quantiles of ecological footprint.Besides,the estimated analysis discloses nuanced dependencies across various quantiles.Similarly,it can be found that the strong negative effect of natural resources on ecological footprint in initial quantiles,moderate in middle quantiles,and less positive effect in higher quantiles.By explaining these dynamics,the current study offers valuable intu-itions designed at controlling China toward its dual-carbon target and encouraging the development of a sustainable digital and green economy and thereby,continuing towards achieving SDG-7,and SDG-13 objectives.
文摘In July 2025,Claudio Descalzi,CEO of Italian oil company Eni,stated in an interview with the Financial Times that Eni’s low-carbon business operating profits would equal those of its oil and gas business by 2035 and exceed oil and gas business profits by 2040.Meanwhile,British oil company bp is scaling back its low-carbon business under shareholder pressure,returning to traditional oil and gas operations,and plans to gradually dispose of USD 20 billion worth of low-carbon business assets such as onshore wind farms,aiming to increase oil and gas production to 2.3−2.5 million boe per day by 2030.Two European oil companies are heading in completely different strategic directions.In the future,whether Eni can achieve its expected goals of making renewable energy business a key core business,as well as what development strategies oil and gas companies should implement and adhere to,are questions worthy of deep consideration.
文摘Global climate change has created substantial difficulties in the areas of sustainability,development,and environmental conservation due to the widespread dependence on fossil fuels for energy production.Nevertheless,the promotion of renewable energy programs has the potential to significantly expedite endeavors aimed at tackling climate change.Thus,it is essential to conduct a thorough analysis that considers the financial aspects to fully understand the main hurdles that are preventing the advancement of renewable energy initiatives.Italy is a leading country in the worldwide deployment of renewable energy.The objective of this research is to assess the impact of financial growth,economic progress,and energy expenses on Italy’s adoption of renewable energy sources.By employing the Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag(ARDL)technique,we analyzed annual data spanning from1990 to 2022.Findings revealed that a 1%increase in financial and economic development would boost renewable energy consumption in the long run by 0.29%and 0.48%,respectively.Instead,a 1%increase in energy prices might reduce consumption of renewable energy by 0.05%in the long run.This study’s primary significance lies in furnishing actionable strategies for Italy to augment green finance for renewable energy,fostering sustained social and economic progress.Moreover,the analytical insights gleaned from this research offer valuable insights for energy-importing nations worldwide.
基金Funding for this work was provided by Natural Resources Canada through the Program of Energy Research and Development.
文摘Electrification of roadways using dynamic wireless charging(DWC)technology can provide an effective solution to range anxiety,high battery costs and long charging times of electric vehicles(EVs).With DWC systems installed on roadways,they constitute a charging infrastructure or electrified roads(eRoads)that have many advantages.For instance,the large battery size of heavy-duty EVs can significantly be downsized due to charging-whiledriving.However,a high power demand of the DWC system,especially during traffic rush periods,could lead to voltage instability in the grid and undesirable power demand curves.In this paper,a model for the power demand is developed to predict the DWC system's power demand at various levels of EV penetration rate.The DWC power demand profile in the chosen 550 km section of a major highway in Canada is simulated.Solar photovoltaic(PV)panels are integrated with the DWC,and the integrated system is optimized to mitigate the peak power demand on the electrical grid.With solar panels of 55,000 kW rated capacity installed along roadsides in the study region,the peak power demand on the electrical grid is reduced from 167.5 to 136.1 MW or by 18.7%at an EV penetration rate of 30%under monthly average daily solar radiation in July.It is evidenced that solar PV power has effectively smoothed the peak power demand on the grid.Moreover,the locally generated renewable power could help ease off expensive grid upgrades and expansions for the eRoad.Also,the economic feasibility of the solar PV integrated DWC system is assessed using cost analysis metrics.
文摘In response to global energy transformation and market changes,China's renewable energy industry chain is accelerating its overseas layout.Central and Eastern European countries,with their positions connecting the auto industry Belt ofWestern Europe with the Balkan energy corridor,as well as their well-established industrial foundations and friendly industrial policies,have become strategic locations for Chinese renewable energy enterprises to build factories in Europe.
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China under Grant 2024YFB2408900.
文摘Grid-forming(GFM)control is a key technology for ensuring the safe and stable operation of renewable power systems dominated by converter-interfaced generation(CIG),including wind power,photovoltaic,and battery energy storage.In this paper,we challenge the traditional approach of emulating a synchronous generator by proposing a frequency-fixed GFM control strategy.The CIG endeavors to regulate itself as a constant voltage source without control dynamics due to its capability limitation,denoted as the frequency-fixed zone.With the proposed strategy,the system frequency is almost always fixed at its rated value,achieving system active power balance independent of frequency,and intentional power flow adjustments are implemented through direct phase angle control.This approach significantly reduces the frequency dynamics and safety issues associated with frequency variations.Furthermore,synchronization dynamics are significantly diminished,and synchronization stability is enhanced.The proposed strategy has the potential to realize a renewable power system with a fixed frequency and robust stability.
