This paper presents a model derived for quantitative evaluation and prediction of the concentration of phosphorus removed during pyro-hydro beneficiation of iron oxide ore. Potassium hydroxide was used as the leaching...This paper presents a model derived for quantitative evaluation and prediction of the concentration of phosphorus removed during pyro-hydro beneficiation of iron oxide ore. Potassium hydroxide was used as the leaching solution and the reaction vessel containing the solution and ore was heated at a temperature of 600℃ for 10 minutes. The results of the investigation indicates that the model;P = (e0.7827) S predicts the concentration of phosphorus removed, based on the concentration of sulphur simultaneously removed. It was observed that the validity of the model is rooted in the expression lnP = lnN + lnS where both sides of the expression are approximately equal to 4. The maximum deviation of the model-predicted concentration of removed phosphorus from the corresponding concentration obtained from the experiment was less than 3%. The concentrations of phosphorus removed per unit mass-input of iron oxide ore as obtained from experiment and derived model are 0.8917 and 1.0354 mg/kg g-1 respectively. Similarly, the concentrations of phosphorus removed per unit concentration of removed sulphur as obtained from experiment and derived model are 1.8838 and 2.1874 mg/kg (mg/kg)-1 respectively. This implies that the concentration of phosphorus removed is approximately equal to the concentration of simultaneously removed sulphur during the beneficiation process.展开更多
Firstly, physical and chemical properties of dust removed from BOF gas are analyzed, and then the cold banding technology of dust removed from BOF gas and its application are introduced. Tests have proved that using c...Firstly, physical and chemical properties of dust removed from BOF gas are analyzed, and then the cold banding technology of dust removed from BOF gas and its application are introduced. Tests have proved that using cooled agglomerated pellets made of the dust removed from BOF gas and small amounts of modified starch as a coolant and slagging agent in steel production can bring about considerable economic, social and environmental benefits.展开更多
One year has passed since the revised Law on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Consumers came into effect on March 15, 2014, the World Consumer Rights Day. Following the changes, consumers can return goods...One year has passed since the revised Law on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Consumers came into effect on March 15, 2014, the World Consumer Rights Day. Following the changes, consumers can return goods they are dissatisfied with and get an unconditional refund within seven days of purchase. This applies to not only Internet shopping but also TV- and telephone-based sales.展开更多
An enclosed cyclone passageway(ECP)dust-collecting fan is discussed.The ECP fan separates dust by centrifugal force originating from a driven spiral airflow,and its design takes the constraints of Chinese underground ...An enclosed cyclone passageway(ECP)dust-collecting fan is discussed.The ECP fan separates dust by centrifugal force originating from a driven spiral airflow,and its design takes the constraints of Chinese underground coal mines into consideration.Using the force equilibrium law,a general equation for dust removal in the centrifugal dust removal section(CDRS)of the ECP fan is deduced.This general equation is simplified using the CDRS structure and the fan operating parameters and is analysed numerically.The attractive results show that increases in the airflow rate of the fan,the structural ratio of the ECPs and the radius of the extended axis can improve the dust removal performance of the CDRS.Furthermore,the effects of the structural ratio and the radius on dust removal dominate over that of the flow rate,and the effect of the structural ratio is more significant than that of the radius.展开更多
Quantifying and mapping heavy metals’ concentrations in the soil are important in monitoring and managing heavy metal pollution in the mining areas. However, the cover on the soil acts as a balk when retrieving infor...Quantifying and mapping heavy metals’ concentrations in the soil are important in monitoring and managing heavy metal pollution in the mining areas. However, the cover on the soil acts as a balk when retrieving information from soil. In order to retrieve heavy metal pollution precisely and quickly from hyperspectral images, this study presents a new method to remove non-soil information based NDVI from hyper-spectral and multi-spectral images. The method assumed that the mixed objects in each pixel of remote sensing images are composed only of soil and vegetation-based non-soil end-generational endmembers, then, the soil information of each pixel can be compensated with the non-soil information removed based on its NDVI. Thus, the soil DN value can be corrected to retrieve soil information more precisely. The method has been used on the Hyperion image in June 8, 2002 and the Gaofen-2 (GF-2) image in February 14, 2016 to retrieve the heavy metals’ contents in Bai-ma and De-sheng mining areas, Miyi County, Sichuan Province. From the non-soil information removed images, the R2 and RMSE of the models of estimating Cr, Ag, Cu and Ba in soil are 0.68, 0.724, 0.71, 0.695 and 75.96, 0.03, 52.88, 284.70 respectively. From the original images, the R2 and RMSE of the models of estimating Cr, Ag, Cu and Ba in soil are 0.67, 0.385, 0.425, 0.406 and 80.11, 0.18, 53.43, 396.49 respectively. The retrieval results show that the non-soil information removed images are superior to original images in soil heavy metals’ contents retrieval. This indicates that this method is feasible, and it can be used in soil information retrieval.展开更多
The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between molecular subtypes of breast cancer (BC) and the morphological characteristics of axillary lymph nodes (ALN) and metastatic risk in BC patients to clarify ...The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between molecular subtypes of breast cancer (BC) and the morphological characteristics of axillary lymph nodes (ALN) and metastatic risk in BC patients to clarify danger degree and justification of removal before metastases appear. Material and methods. Tumor molecular subtypes of 116 female BC patients aged 24 - 75 (53.9 ± 0.8) were determined by tumor tissue immunohistological examination (obtained by tru-cut biopsy), and the BC was classified as Luminal A, Luminal B/HER2−, Luminal B/HER2+, TNBC, and HER2+ subtypes. To interpret the results for the BC receptor status, immunohistochemical analysis was performed and interpreted according to the Allred scale. Lymph node size, shape, structure and conglomerates availability were recorded according to ultrasonography (USG) examination evaluated on “LOGIQ C5-Premium” (2012). Blood CA-15-3 levels were analyzed using a COBAS-e 411 automated analyzer. Statistical analysis of the obtained results was carried out using the SPSS-26 software package, and based on the t-Student-Bonferroni and H-Kruskal-Wallis criteria. The sensitivity and specificity of the indicators studied were determined using ROC statistical analysis. Results showed a significant association of some subtypes, as well as receptor expression, with tumor metastasis to ALN. Conclusion: 1) The HER2+ subtype is the most aggressive in terms of ALN metastasis. Although TNBC is the most aggressive subtype in general, it is characterized by fewer metastases to the ALN than the HER2+ subtype. 2) Metastatic ALNs can be distinguished based on their cortical structure before tumor tissue biopsy, which is economically profitable. These LNs can be removed without biopsy.展开更多
Mitochondria are the energy factories and metabolic centers of cells,and their malfunction can lead to multiple human diseases.As highly dynamic organelles,mitochondria undergo frequent fission and fusion processes[1]...Mitochondria are the energy factories and metabolic centers of cells,and their malfunction can lead to multiple human diseases.As highly dynamic organelles,mitochondria undergo frequent fission and fusion processes[1].The fusion process enables the exchange of inner materials between individual mitochondrion.The materials from healthy mitochondria could potentially compensate for the defects found in the defective mitochondria.Fission processes not only increase the mitochondrial number but also separate the damaged parts of mitochondria from the healthy ones,thus,facilitating the elimination of the defective mitochondria through a process known as mitophagy.Excessive fusion leads to extra connections and branching of the mitochondria,whereas extra fission results in fragmentation of mitochondria.The fusion and fission processes are differently tuned in various tissues to adapt to different physiological requirements[2].展开更多
Farhad Sakhaee.School of Engineering,Parks College of Engineering,Aviation and Technology,Saint Louis University,USA.This article has been removed at the request of the author because the article contains confidential...Farhad Sakhaee.School of Engineering,Parks College of Engineering,Aviation and Technology,Saint Louis University,USA.This article has been removed at the request of the author because the article contains confidential information that is not allowed to be released publicly.The author apologises for any inconvenience this may cause.展开更多
Environmental pollution,energy consumption,and greenhouse gas emissions are critical global issues.To address these challenges,optimizing skimmer coatings is a major step in commercializing cleaning oil stains.This re...Environmental pollution,energy consumption,and greenhouse gas emissions are critical global issues.To address these challenges,optimizing skimmer coatings is a major step in commercializing cleaning oil stains.This research presents a novel approach to creating and refining oil absorbent coatings,introducing a unique oil spill removal skimmer enhanced with a super hydrophobic polyaniline(PANI)nanofiber coating.The goal of this study was to improve oil absorption performance,increase the contact angle,lower drag,reduce energy consumption,achieve high desirability,and lower production costs.PANI treated with hydrochloric acid was a key focus as it resulted in higher porosity and smaller pore diameters,providing a larger surface area,which are crucial factors for boosting oil absorption and minimizing drag.To optimize optimal nanofiber morphology,PANI synthesized with methanesulfonic acid was first dedoped and then redoped with hydrochloric acid.After optimization,the most effective skimmer coating was achieved using a formulation consisting of 0.1%PANI,an ammonium persulfate/aniline ratio of 0.4,and an acid/aniline ratio of 9.689,along with redoped PANI nanofibers.The optimized skimmer exhibited a remarkable contact angle of 177.477°.The coating achieved drag reduction of 32%,oil absorption of 88.725%,a cost of$1.710,and a desirability rating of 78.5%.In this study,an optimized skimmer coat containing super hydrophobic coat-PANI nanofibers was fabricated.By enhancing contact angle and reducing drag,these coatings increased the skimmer performance by improving oil absorption and reducing fuel consumption.展开更多
Microglia are the macrophages that populate the brain parenchyma.Research in the past decades has identified them as both essential guardians of the brain and significant contributors to various neurological diseases....Microglia are the macrophages that populate the brain parenchyma.Research in the past decades has identified them as both essential guardians of the brain and significant contributors to various neurological diseases.A highly versatile cell type,microglia have been shown to fulfill a multitude of critical roles in the central nervous system,including facilitating neurogenesis and myelination,pruning synapses,removing debris and waste,modulating neuronal activity,supporting the blood-brain barrier,repairing tissue damage,and surveilling against microbial invasions under physiological conditions(Prinz et al.,2021;Paolicelli et al.,2022).展开更多
AIM:To investigate the effects of shortening the duration of silicone oil tamponade on retinal structure and function in patients undergoing silicone oil removal(SOR)after surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal de...AIM:To investigate the effects of shortening the duration of silicone oil tamponade on retinal structure and function in patients undergoing silicone oil removal(SOR)after surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD).METHODS:A total of 58 eligible patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups based on tamponade duration:the short-term group(30-45d)and the conventional group(≥90d).Comprehensive evaluations were performed before and after SOR,including slitlamp examination,best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)measurement,intraocular pressure(IOP)testing,optical coherence tomography(OCT),optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),microperimetry,electroretinography(ERG),and visual evoked potential(VEP)assessment.RESULTS:A total of 33 patients(23 males and 10 females;33 eyes)were enrolled in the short-term SO tamponade group with mean age of 52.45±9.35y,and 25 patients(15 males and 10 females;25 eyes)were enrolled in the conventional SO tamponade group with mean age of 50.80±12.06y.Compared with the conventional group,the short-term silicone oil tamponade group had a significantly lower incidence of silicone oil emulsification and cataract progression,with no significant difference in retinal reattachment success rate.Structurally,short-term tamponade was associated with increased thickness of the retinal ganglion cell layer(RGCL)in the nasal and superior macular regions and improved recovery of superficial retinal vascular density in these areas.Functionally,the shortterm group showed better BCVA and retinal sensitivity both before and 1mo after SOR;additionally,the P100 amplitude in VEP tests was significantly increased in this group.CONCLUSION:Shortening the duration of silicone oil tamponade effectively reduces damage to retinal structure and function without compromising the success rate of retinal reattachment in patients with primary RRD.展开更多
As the COVID-19 pandemic rants and raves on,China has maintained its openingup efforts throughout 2021 and now into 2022.On New Year’s Day,the shortened negative lists for foreign investment became effective.The area...As the COVID-19 pandemic rants and raves on,China has maintained its openingup efforts throughout 2021 and now into 2022.On New Year’s Day,the shortened negative lists for foreign investment became effective.The areas off-limits to foreign investors are cut from 30 to 27 in the pilot free trade zones(FTZs).In non-FTZ areas,the reduction goes from 33 to 31.展开更多
After the 97 Asian financial crisis,China has been conducting positive financial policies in a bid to foster all kinds of investors,and has staged a series of reforms on removing the limit of investment with remarkabl...After the 97 Asian financial crisis,China has been conducting positive financial policies in a bid to foster all kinds of investors,and has staged a series of reforms on removing the limit of investment with remarkable success achieved. There will be 5 positive factors in the development of investment this year in China. 1 China will further give play to the functions of financial and monetary policies and a total of RMB 150 billons (about USI) 18.展开更多
A novel machining technology,namely ultrasonic assisted jet plasma oxidation modifi-cation face grinding(UAJPMG),was proposed to improve the machinability of the titanium alloy,in which the titanium alloy materials ar...A novel machining technology,namely ultrasonic assisted jet plasma oxidation modifi-cation face grinding(UAJPMG),was proposed to improve the machinability of the titanium alloy,in which the titanium alloy materials are modified by plasma oxidation followed by face grinding.This paper introduced the processing principle of UAJPMG and the design of an ultrasonic jet noz-zle to promote plasma oxidation.Using the ultrasonic jet nozzle produced in-house,the effect of theultrasonic vibration on the plasma intensity was experimentally investigated.The results revealedthat the application of ultrasonic vibration can diminish the thickness of the gas film by elevatingthe jet flow rate,thereby reducing the generation delay time and enhancing the plasma intensity.Subsequently,a scratch test was performed to assess the difference in the mechanical strengthbetween the plasma oxide layer and the titanium alloy substrate.It was found that the plasma oxidelayer with a reduced mechanical strength exhibited a deeper scratch depth under the same normalload.Based on these,the machining performance under different conditions was examined consid-ering the removed material of the abrasive grains.Compared with the removed material was Ti-6Al-4V substrate in conventional face grinding,the ultrasonic assisted plasma oxidized material caninhibit the chip adhesion on the wheel working surface,resulting in a reduction of the grinding forceand the surface roughness and an improvement of the groove shape accuracy.The novel machiningtechnology,i.e.,UAJPMG,proposed in this paper might provide a new approach for the precisionmachining of critical components made from titanium alloy.展开更多
The remarkable ability of titanium alloys to preserve their superior physical and chemical characteristics when subjected to extreme conditions significantly enhances their importance in the aerospace,military,and med...The remarkable ability of titanium alloys to preserve their superior physical and chemical characteristics when subjected to extreme conditions significantly enhances their importance in the aerospace,military,and medical sectors.However,conventional machining of titanium alloys leads to elevated tool wear,development of surface defects,and reduced machining efficiency due to their low heat conductivity,and chemical affinity.These issues can be somewhat counteracted by integrating ultrasonic vibration in the conventional machining of titanium alloys and also enhance sustainability.This review article offers a holistic evaluation of the influence of ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling and turning on cutting forces,temperature,tool wear,and surface integrity,encompassing surface morphology,surface roughness,surface residual stress,surface hardness,and surface tribological properties during titanium alloys machining.Furthermore,it investigates the sustainability aspect that has not been previously examined.Studies on the performance of ultrasonic-assisted cutting revealed several advantages,including decreased cutting forces and cutting temperature,improved tool life,and a better-machined surface during machining.Consequently,the sustainability factor is improved due to minimized energy consumption and residual waste.In conclusion,the key challenges and future prospects in the ultrasonic-assisted cutting of titanium alloys are also discussed.This review article provides beneficial knowledge for manufactur-ers and researchers regarding ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting of titanium alloy and will play an important role in achieving sustainability in the industry.展开更多
Nitrogen removal from domestic sewage is usually limited by insufficient carbon source and electron donor.An economical solid carbon source was developed by composition of polyvinyl alcohol,sodium alginate,and corncob...Nitrogen removal from domestic sewage is usually limited by insufficient carbon source and electron donor.An economical solid carbon source was developed by composition of polyvinyl alcohol,sodium alginate,and corncob,which was utilized as external carbon source in the anaerobic anoxic oxic(AAO)-biofilter for the treatment of low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio domestic sewage,and the nitrogen removal was remarkably improved from 63.2%to 96.5%.Furthermore,the effluent chemical oxygen demand maintained at 35 mg/L or even lower,and the total nitrogenwas reduced to less than 2mg/L.Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that the microbial communities responsible for potential denitrification and organic matter degradation in both AAO and the biofilter reactors were mainly composed of Proteobacteria and Bacteroides,respectively.The solid carbon source addition resulted in relatively high abundance of functional enzymes responsible for NO_(3)^(−)-N to NO_(2)^(−)-N con-version in both AAO and the biofilter reactors,thus enabled stable reaction.The carbon source addition during glycolysis primarily led to the increase of genes associated with the metabolic conversion of fructose 1.6P2 to glycerol-3P The reactor maintained high abun-dance of genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and then guaranteed efficient carbon metabolism.The results indicate that the composite carbon source is feasible for denitri-fication enhancement of AAO-biofilter,which contribute to the theoretical foundation for practical nitrogen removal application.展开更多
Current research primarily focuses on emerging organic pollutants,with limited attention to emerging inorganic pollutants (EIPs).However,due to advances in detection technology and the escalating environmental and hea...Current research primarily focuses on emerging organic pollutants,with limited attention to emerging inorganic pollutants (EIPs).However,due to advances in detection technology and the escalating environmental and health challenges posed by pollution,there is a growing interest in treating waters contaminated with EIPs.This paper explores biochar characteristics and modification methods,encompassing physical,chemical,and biological approaches for adsorbing EIPs.It offers a comprehensive review of research advancements in employing biochar for EIPs remediation in water,outlines the adsorption mechanisms of EIPs by biochar,and presents an environmental and economic analysis.It can be concluded that using biochar for the adsorption of EIPs in wastewater exhibits promising potential.Nonetheless,it is noteworthy that certain EIPs like Au(III),Rh(III),Ir(III),Ru(III),Os(III),Sc(III),and Y(III),have not been extensively investigated regarding their adsorption onto biochar.This comprehensive review will catalyze further inquiry into the biochar-based adsorption of EIPs,addressing current research deficiencies and advancing the practical implementation of biochar as a potent substrate for EIP removal from wastewater streams.展开更多
文摘This paper presents a model derived for quantitative evaluation and prediction of the concentration of phosphorus removed during pyro-hydro beneficiation of iron oxide ore. Potassium hydroxide was used as the leaching solution and the reaction vessel containing the solution and ore was heated at a temperature of 600℃ for 10 minutes. The results of the investigation indicates that the model;P = (e0.7827) S predicts the concentration of phosphorus removed, based on the concentration of sulphur simultaneously removed. It was observed that the validity of the model is rooted in the expression lnP = lnN + lnS where both sides of the expression are approximately equal to 4. The maximum deviation of the model-predicted concentration of removed phosphorus from the corresponding concentration obtained from the experiment was less than 3%. The concentrations of phosphorus removed per unit mass-input of iron oxide ore as obtained from experiment and derived model are 0.8917 and 1.0354 mg/kg g-1 respectively. Similarly, the concentrations of phosphorus removed per unit concentration of removed sulphur as obtained from experiment and derived model are 1.8838 and 2.1874 mg/kg (mg/kg)-1 respectively. This implies that the concentration of phosphorus removed is approximately equal to the concentration of simultaneously removed sulphur during the beneficiation process.
文摘Firstly, physical and chemical properties of dust removed from BOF gas are analyzed, and then the cold banding technology of dust removed from BOF gas and its application are introduced. Tests have proved that using cooled agglomerated pellets made of the dust removed from BOF gas and small amounts of modified starch as a coolant and slagging agent in steel production can bring about considerable economic, social and environmental benefits.
文摘One year has passed since the revised Law on the Protection of the Rights and Interests of Consumers came into effect on March 15, 2014, the World Consumer Rights Day. Following the changes, consumers can return goods they are dissatisfied with and get an unconditional refund within seven days of purchase. This applies to not only Internet shopping but also TV- and telephone-based sales.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China and Shenhua Group Corporation Limited(U1361118)the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(13JJ8016,2015JJ2061)+1 种基金the State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering(SKLGDUEK1018)the Project of Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(Nos.12C1099,14C0425).
文摘An enclosed cyclone passageway(ECP)dust-collecting fan is discussed.The ECP fan separates dust by centrifugal force originating from a driven spiral airflow,and its design takes the constraints of Chinese underground coal mines into consideration.Using the force equilibrium law,a general equation for dust removal in the centrifugal dust removal section(CDRS)of the ECP fan is deduced.This general equation is simplified using the CDRS structure and the fan operating parameters and is analysed numerically.The attractive results show that increases in the airflow rate of the fan,the structural ratio of the ECPs and the radius of the extended axis can improve the dust removal performance of the CDRS.Furthermore,the effects of the structural ratio and the radius on dust removal dominate over that of the flow rate,and the effect of the structural ratio is more significant than that of the radius.
文摘Quantifying and mapping heavy metals’ concentrations in the soil are important in monitoring and managing heavy metal pollution in the mining areas. However, the cover on the soil acts as a balk when retrieving information from soil. In order to retrieve heavy metal pollution precisely and quickly from hyperspectral images, this study presents a new method to remove non-soil information based NDVI from hyper-spectral and multi-spectral images. The method assumed that the mixed objects in each pixel of remote sensing images are composed only of soil and vegetation-based non-soil end-generational endmembers, then, the soil information of each pixel can be compensated with the non-soil information removed based on its NDVI. Thus, the soil DN value can be corrected to retrieve soil information more precisely. The method has been used on the Hyperion image in June 8, 2002 and the Gaofen-2 (GF-2) image in February 14, 2016 to retrieve the heavy metals’ contents in Bai-ma and De-sheng mining areas, Miyi County, Sichuan Province. From the non-soil information removed images, the R2 and RMSE of the models of estimating Cr, Ag, Cu and Ba in soil are 0.68, 0.724, 0.71, 0.695 and 75.96, 0.03, 52.88, 284.70 respectively. From the original images, the R2 and RMSE of the models of estimating Cr, Ag, Cu and Ba in soil are 0.67, 0.385, 0.425, 0.406 and 80.11, 0.18, 53.43, 396.49 respectively. The retrieval results show that the non-soil information removed images are superior to original images in soil heavy metals’ contents retrieval. This indicates that this method is feasible, and it can be used in soil information retrieval.
文摘The aim of the study was to identify the relationship between molecular subtypes of breast cancer (BC) and the morphological characteristics of axillary lymph nodes (ALN) and metastatic risk in BC patients to clarify danger degree and justification of removal before metastases appear. Material and methods. Tumor molecular subtypes of 116 female BC patients aged 24 - 75 (53.9 ± 0.8) were determined by tumor tissue immunohistological examination (obtained by tru-cut biopsy), and the BC was classified as Luminal A, Luminal B/HER2−, Luminal B/HER2+, TNBC, and HER2+ subtypes. To interpret the results for the BC receptor status, immunohistochemical analysis was performed and interpreted according to the Allred scale. Lymph node size, shape, structure and conglomerates availability were recorded according to ultrasonography (USG) examination evaluated on “LOGIQ C5-Premium” (2012). Blood CA-15-3 levels were analyzed using a COBAS-e 411 automated analyzer. Statistical analysis of the obtained results was carried out using the SPSS-26 software package, and based on the t-Student-Bonferroni and H-Kruskal-Wallis criteria. The sensitivity and specificity of the indicators studied were determined using ROC statistical analysis. Results showed a significant association of some subtypes, as well as receptor expression, with tumor metastasis to ALN. Conclusion: 1) The HER2+ subtype is the most aggressive in terms of ALN metastasis. Although TNBC is the most aggressive subtype in general, it is characterized by fewer metastases to the ALN than the HER2+ subtype. 2) Metastatic ALNs can be distinguished based on their cortical structure before tumor tissue biopsy, which is economically profitable. These LNs can be removed without biopsy.
文摘Mitochondria are the energy factories and metabolic centers of cells,and their malfunction can lead to multiple human diseases.As highly dynamic organelles,mitochondria undergo frequent fission and fusion processes[1].The fusion process enables the exchange of inner materials between individual mitochondrion.The materials from healthy mitochondria could potentially compensate for the defects found in the defective mitochondria.Fission processes not only increase the mitochondrial number but also separate the damaged parts of mitochondria from the healthy ones,thus,facilitating the elimination of the defective mitochondria through a process known as mitophagy.Excessive fusion leads to extra connections and branching of the mitochondria,whereas extra fission results in fragmentation of mitochondria.The fusion and fission processes are differently tuned in various tissues to adapt to different physiological requirements[2].
文摘Farhad Sakhaee.School of Engineering,Parks College of Engineering,Aviation and Technology,Saint Louis University,USA.This article has been removed at the request of the author because the article contains confidential information that is not allowed to be released publicly.The author apologises for any inconvenience this may cause.
文摘Environmental pollution,energy consumption,and greenhouse gas emissions are critical global issues.To address these challenges,optimizing skimmer coatings is a major step in commercializing cleaning oil stains.This research presents a novel approach to creating and refining oil absorbent coatings,introducing a unique oil spill removal skimmer enhanced with a super hydrophobic polyaniline(PANI)nanofiber coating.The goal of this study was to improve oil absorption performance,increase the contact angle,lower drag,reduce energy consumption,achieve high desirability,and lower production costs.PANI treated with hydrochloric acid was a key focus as it resulted in higher porosity and smaller pore diameters,providing a larger surface area,which are crucial factors for boosting oil absorption and minimizing drag.To optimize optimal nanofiber morphology,PANI synthesized with methanesulfonic acid was first dedoped and then redoped with hydrochloric acid.After optimization,the most effective skimmer coating was achieved using a formulation consisting of 0.1%PANI,an ammonium persulfate/aniline ratio of 0.4,and an acid/aniline ratio of 9.689,along with redoped PANI nanofibers.The optimized skimmer exhibited a remarkable contact angle of 177.477°.The coating achieved drag reduction of 32%,oil absorption of 88.725%,a cost of$1.710,and a desirability rating of 78.5%.In this study,an optimized skimmer coat containing super hydrophobic coat-PANI nanofibers was fabricated.By enhancing contact angle and reducing drag,these coatings increased the skimmer performance by improving oil absorption and reducing fuel consumption.
基金funded by NIH grants HL154720-03S1, AG057587, AG074283, DK122708-03S1, BrightFocus ADR A20183775Brown Foundation 2020 Healthy Aging Initiative (to WC)
文摘Microglia are the macrophages that populate the brain parenchyma.Research in the past decades has identified them as both essential guardians of the brain and significant contributors to various neurological diseases.A highly versatile cell type,microglia have been shown to fulfill a multitude of critical roles in the central nervous system,including facilitating neurogenesis and myelination,pruning synapses,removing debris and waste,modulating neuronal activity,supporting the blood-brain barrier,repairing tissue damage,and surveilling against microbial invasions under physiological conditions(Prinz et al.,2021;Paolicelli et al.,2022).
基金Supported by the Key Science&Technology Project of Guangzhou(No.202103000045)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82070972,No.82271093).
文摘AIM:To investigate the effects of shortening the duration of silicone oil tamponade on retinal structure and function in patients undergoing silicone oil removal(SOR)after surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD).METHODS:A total of 58 eligible patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to two groups based on tamponade duration:the short-term group(30-45d)and the conventional group(≥90d).Comprehensive evaluations were performed before and after SOR,including slitlamp examination,best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA)measurement,intraocular pressure(IOP)testing,optical coherence tomography(OCT),optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),microperimetry,electroretinography(ERG),and visual evoked potential(VEP)assessment.RESULTS:A total of 33 patients(23 males and 10 females;33 eyes)were enrolled in the short-term SO tamponade group with mean age of 52.45±9.35y,and 25 patients(15 males and 10 females;25 eyes)were enrolled in the conventional SO tamponade group with mean age of 50.80±12.06y.Compared with the conventional group,the short-term silicone oil tamponade group had a significantly lower incidence of silicone oil emulsification and cataract progression,with no significant difference in retinal reattachment success rate.Structurally,short-term tamponade was associated with increased thickness of the retinal ganglion cell layer(RGCL)in the nasal and superior macular regions and improved recovery of superficial retinal vascular density in these areas.Functionally,the shortterm group showed better BCVA and retinal sensitivity both before and 1mo after SOR;additionally,the P100 amplitude in VEP tests was significantly increased in this group.CONCLUSION:Shortening the duration of silicone oil tamponade effectively reduces damage to retinal structure and function without compromising the success rate of retinal reattachment in patients with primary RRD.
文摘As the COVID-19 pandemic rants and raves on,China has maintained its openingup efforts throughout 2021 and now into 2022.On New Year’s Day,the shortened negative lists for foreign investment became effective.The areas off-limits to foreign investors are cut from 30 to 27 in the pilot free trade zones(FTZs).In non-FTZ areas,the reduction goes from 33 to 31.
文摘After the 97 Asian financial crisis,China has been conducting positive financial policies in a bid to foster all kinds of investors,and has staged a series of reforms on removing the limit of investment with remarkable success achieved. There will be 5 positive factors in the development of investment this year in China. 1 China will further give play to the functions of financial and monetary policies and a total of RMB 150 billons (about USI) 18.
基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.JSGG20220831093200001)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(No.KQTD20170810110250357)+1 种基金Shenzhen Engineering Research Center for Semiconductor-specific Equipment,National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52105479)Special Funds for the Cultivation of Guangdong College Students’Scientific and Technological Innovation(No.pdjh2024c10804)for their financial support。
文摘A novel machining technology,namely ultrasonic assisted jet plasma oxidation modifi-cation face grinding(UAJPMG),was proposed to improve the machinability of the titanium alloy,in which the titanium alloy materials are modified by plasma oxidation followed by face grinding.This paper introduced the processing principle of UAJPMG and the design of an ultrasonic jet noz-zle to promote plasma oxidation.Using the ultrasonic jet nozzle produced in-house,the effect of theultrasonic vibration on the plasma intensity was experimentally investigated.The results revealedthat the application of ultrasonic vibration can diminish the thickness of the gas film by elevatingthe jet flow rate,thereby reducing the generation delay time and enhancing the plasma intensity.Subsequently,a scratch test was performed to assess the difference in the mechanical strengthbetween the plasma oxide layer and the titanium alloy substrate.It was found that the plasma oxidelayer with a reduced mechanical strength exhibited a deeper scratch depth under the same normalload.Based on these,the machining performance under different conditions was examined consid-ering the removed material of the abrasive grains.Compared with the removed material was Ti-6Al-4V substrate in conventional face grinding,the ultrasonic assisted plasma oxidized material caninhibit the chip adhesion on the wheel working surface,resulting in a reduction of the grinding forceand the surface roughness and an improvement of the groove shape accuracy.The novel machiningtechnology,i.e.,UAJPMG,proposed in this paper might provide a new approach for the precisionmachining of critical components made from titanium alloy.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.92160301,92060203,52175415 and 52205475)the Science Center for Gas Turbine Project(No.P2023-B-IV-003-001)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20210295)the Huaqiao University Engineering Research Center of Brittle Materials Machining(MOE,2023IME-001)。
文摘The remarkable ability of titanium alloys to preserve their superior physical and chemical characteristics when subjected to extreme conditions significantly enhances their importance in the aerospace,military,and medical sectors.However,conventional machining of titanium alloys leads to elevated tool wear,development of surface defects,and reduced machining efficiency due to their low heat conductivity,and chemical affinity.These issues can be somewhat counteracted by integrating ultrasonic vibration in the conventional machining of titanium alloys and also enhance sustainability.This review article offers a holistic evaluation of the influence of ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling and turning on cutting forces,temperature,tool wear,and surface integrity,encompassing surface morphology,surface roughness,surface residual stress,surface hardness,and surface tribological properties during titanium alloys machining.Furthermore,it investigates the sustainability aspect that has not been previously examined.Studies on the performance of ultrasonic-assisted cutting revealed several advantages,including decreased cutting forces and cutting temperature,improved tool life,and a better-machined surface during machining.Consequently,the sustainability factor is improved due to minimized energy consumption and residual waste.In conclusion,the key challenges and future prospects in the ultrasonic-assisted cutting of titanium alloys are also discussed.This review article provides beneficial knowledge for manufactur-ers and researchers regarding ultrasonic vibration-assisted cutting of titanium alloy and will play an important role in achieving sustainability in the industry.
基金supported by the Special Funds for Chengde national innovation demonstration area construction of science and technology special project sustainable development agenda(No.202104F001)the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2019YFC0408602).
文摘Nitrogen removal from domestic sewage is usually limited by insufficient carbon source and electron donor.An economical solid carbon source was developed by composition of polyvinyl alcohol,sodium alginate,and corncob,which was utilized as external carbon source in the anaerobic anoxic oxic(AAO)-biofilter for the treatment of low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio domestic sewage,and the nitrogen removal was remarkably improved from 63.2%to 96.5%.Furthermore,the effluent chemical oxygen demand maintained at 35 mg/L or even lower,and the total nitrogenwas reduced to less than 2mg/L.Metagenomic analysis demonstrated that the microbial communities responsible for potential denitrification and organic matter degradation in both AAO and the biofilter reactors were mainly composed of Proteobacteria and Bacteroides,respectively.The solid carbon source addition resulted in relatively high abundance of functional enzymes responsible for NO_(3)^(−)-N to NO_(2)^(−)-N con-version in both AAO and the biofilter reactors,thus enabled stable reaction.The carbon source addition during glycolysis primarily led to the increase of genes associated with the metabolic conversion of fructose 1.6P2 to glycerol-3P The reactor maintained high abun-dance of genes related to the tricarboxylic acid cycle,and then guaranteed efficient carbon metabolism.The results indicate that the composite carbon source is feasible for denitri-fication enhancement of AAO-biofilter,which contribute to the theoretical foundation for practical nitrogen removal application.
基金support from the earmarked fund for XJARS(No.XJARS-06)the Bingtuan Science and Technology Program(Nos.2021DB019,2022CB001-01)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42275014)the Guangdong Foundation for Program of Science and Technology Research,China(No.2023B1212060044)。
文摘Current research primarily focuses on emerging organic pollutants,with limited attention to emerging inorganic pollutants (EIPs).However,due to advances in detection technology and the escalating environmental and health challenges posed by pollution,there is a growing interest in treating waters contaminated with EIPs.This paper explores biochar characteristics and modification methods,encompassing physical,chemical,and biological approaches for adsorbing EIPs.It offers a comprehensive review of research advancements in employing biochar for EIPs remediation in water,outlines the adsorption mechanisms of EIPs by biochar,and presents an environmental and economic analysis.It can be concluded that using biochar for the adsorption of EIPs in wastewater exhibits promising potential.Nonetheless,it is noteworthy that certain EIPs like Au(III),Rh(III),Ir(III),Ru(III),Os(III),Sc(III),and Y(III),have not been extensively investigated regarding their adsorption onto biochar.This comprehensive review will catalyze further inquiry into the biochar-based adsorption of EIPs,addressing current research deficiencies and advancing the practical implementation of biochar as a potent substrate for EIP removal from wastewater streams.
