Despite the cost and activity advantages,ruthenium-based oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts face severe stability problems for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEM-WE)due to Ru dissolution.Although tre...Despite the cost and activity advantages,ruthenium-based oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts face severe stability problems for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEM-WE)due to Ru dissolution.Although tremendous attention has been paid to enhancing the stability and activity under small current density in three electrode systems,there still lacks validation under industrial current density at the device level.Aiming at this issue,we report highly active and durable ruthenium-iridium alloyed oxides(IrRuO_(x))as the acidic OER catalyst for PEM-WE with exceptional durability for 1600 h at an industrial current density of 2.0 A·cm^(−2).X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals that the introduction of iridium modulates the electronic structure of Ru and strengthens the local Ru–O bonds in RuO_(2),which is crucial for ensuring activity and stability.As a result,in comparison with its RuO_(2) counterpart,IrRuO_(x) works stably against the Ru leaching-induced catalytic layer breakage during the stability test.This work demonstrates the great potential of IrRuO_(x) as the practical OER catalyst for the application in PEM-WE.展开更多
China started a new round of large-scale equipment upgrades and trade-ins of consumer goods earlier this year,as part of its efforts to increase domestic demands and boost economic growth.It is a key decision of the C...China started a new round of large-scale equipment upgrades and trade-ins of consumer goods earlier this year,as part of its efforts to increase domestic demands and boost economic growth.It is a key decision of the Chinese government to promote the high-quality development.So far,the program has been put in place for more than half a year with impressive results.This article looks into the guiding policy for upgrades and trade-ins,its supporting measures and remarkable effect.展开更多
Shaanxi Province is rich in archaeological heritage.Its capital,Xi’an,was the capital of 13 dynasties up until the end of the Tang Dynasty(618-907),nine of which were stable,united,multiethnic societies that created ...Shaanxi Province is rich in archaeological heritage.Its capital,Xi’an,was the capital of 13 dynasties up until the end of the Tang Dynasty(618-907),nine of which were stable,united,multiethnic societies that created rich cultures and left behind an abundance of precious relics.展开更多
Lakes Acraman,Gairdner,Harris and Everard are a cluster of large episodic salt lakes on Eyre Peninsula,South Australia.These lakes have a characteristic terrestrial invertebrate fauna including various spiders,
Unique multiple heterojunction of Pt-BiOBr/TiO2 nanotube arrays（Pt-BiOBr/TNTAs） was achived by successively loading both Pt nanoparticles（NPs） and BiOBr nanoflkes（NFs） on surface of ordered and spaced TiO2 nanot...Unique multiple heterojunction of Pt-BiOBr/TiO2 nanotube arrays（Pt-BiOBr/TNTAs） was achived by successively loading both Pt nanoparticles（NPs） and BiOBr nanoflkes（NFs） on surface of ordered and spaced TiO2 nanotubes（NTs） using anodization followed by solvothermal and sequential chemical bath deposition（S-CBD） method. The fabricated Pt-Bi OBr/TNTAs were fully characterized, and the photocatalytic（PC） activity and stability of PtBiOBr/TNTAs toward degradation of methyl orange（MO） under visible-light irradiation（λ＆gt;400 nm） were evaluated. The results reveal that multiple heterostructures of Pt/TiO2, Pt/BiOBr and BiOBr/TiO2 are constructed among TNTAs substrate, Pt NPs and BiOBr NFs, and the hybrid Pt-BiOBr/TNTAs catalyst exhibits remarkable visible-light PC activity, favourable reusability and long-term stability. The combined effect of several factors may contribute to the remarkable PC performance, including strong visible-light absorption by both Pt NPs and BiOBr NFs, lower recombination rate of photo-generated electrons and holes attributed to the multiple heterojunction, microstructures for facile light injection and adsorption as well as efficient mass transport, and larger specific surface area for enhancing light absorption, increasing the effective contact area between the absorbed dye molecules and catalyst and benefiting the molecule transport of reactants or products.展开更多
The present paper deals with spherically symmetric deformation of an inclusion- matrix problem, which consists of an infinite isotropic matrix and a spherically uniform anisotropic piezoelectric inclusion. The interfa...The present paper deals with spherically symmetric deformation of an inclusion- matrix problem, which consists of an infinite isotropic matrix and a spherically uniform anisotropic piezoelectric inclusion. The interface between the two phases is supposed to be perfect and the system is subjected to uniform loadings at infinity. Exact solutions are obtained for solid spherical piezoelectric inclusion and isotropic matrix. When the system is subjected to a remote traction, analytical results show that remarkable nature exists in the spherical inclusion. It is demonstrated that an infinite stress appears at the center of the inclusion. Furthermore, a cavitation may occur at the center of the inclusion when the system is subjected to uniform tension, while a black hole may be formed at the center of the inclusion when the applied traction is uniform pressure. The appearance of different remarkable nature depends only on one non-dimensional material parameter and the type of the remote traction, while is independent of the magnitude of the traction.展开更多
Breakthroughs in nuclear non-proliferation. After hard bargaining lasting over two and a half years, the long-awaitedComprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) was eventually adopted by an over-whelming majority at the 50th...Breakthroughs in nuclear non-proliferation. After hard bargaining lasting over two and a half years, the long-awaitedComprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) was eventually adopted by an over-whelming majority at the 50th UN Assembly in early September 1996 with thusfar 130 signatory nations to it. In spite of some imperfections, the Treaty repre-展开更多
The global financial supervision system reform has achieved remarkable success and China has played an important part in this reform.The outbreak of the global financial crisis in 2008 has showed the urgency and neces...The global financial supervision system reform has achieved remarkable success and China has played an important part in this reform.The outbreak of the global financial crisis in 2008 has showed the urgency and necessity of the enhancement of international financial regulation.For the past eight years,G20 economies展开更多
Along with the rapid development of its foreign trade, China’s food imports and exports have also increased by a large margin in recent years. In 1994, the total value of imports and exports of food in the country re...Along with the rapid development of its foreign trade, China’s food imports and exports have also increased by a large margin in recent years. In 1994, the total value of imports and exports of food in the country reached US$12.展开更多
China’s food industry is an importantcomponent part of the nationaleconomy.It plays an important rolein satisfying the people’s increasing demandsin their material and cultural life and inbeefing up China’s nationa...China’s food industry is an importantcomponent part of the nationaleconomy.It plays an important rolein satisfying the people’s increasing demandsin their material and cultural life and inbeefing up China’s national economicconstruction.The development of the foodindustry is of very great importance inpromoting the development of the ruralcommodity economy,bringing along thecoordination and development of the relatedindustries such as fodder,packaging,printing,machinery,electronics and fine chemicalindustry,and developing the tertiary industry,展开更多
Since the the launch of theeconomic reform and openingdrive,especially the foundingof the China Non-ferrous MetalsIndustry Corporation,China’s non-ferrous metals industry hassustained rapid and healthy growth.
Much progress has been made in the research of breeding new rice line through gene engineering by Life Science College of Fudan Univ, Shanghai, and the Plant Science Res Inst of Shanghai Acad of Agri. It was the first...Much progress has been made in the research of breeding new rice line through gene engineering by Life Science College of Fudan Univ, Shanghai, and the Plant Science Res Inst of Shanghai Acad of Agri. It was the first time internationally that the research adopted a man-combined gene, taking agrobacterium as car-展开更多
On September 21,1992, the feasibility report on implementing China's Manned Spaceflight Project was approved and a three-step development strategy was also determined. From then on, China's Manned Spaceflight ...On September 21,1992, the feasibility report on implementing China's Manned Spaceflight Project was approved and a three-step development strategy was also determined. From then on, China's Manned Spaceflight Project has developed rapidly.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFA1500400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22175163)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(No.2208085UD04)Anhui Development and Reform Commission(Nos.AHZDCYCX-LSDT2023-08 and AHZDCYCX-LSDT2023-07)the Department of Ecology and Environment of Anhui Province(No.2023hb0018)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.WK2060000016).
文摘Despite the cost and activity advantages,ruthenium-based oxygen evolution reaction(OER)catalysts face severe stability problems for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis(PEM-WE)due to Ru dissolution.Although tremendous attention has been paid to enhancing the stability and activity under small current density in three electrode systems,there still lacks validation under industrial current density at the device level.Aiming at this issue,we report highly active and durable ruthenium-iridium alloyed oxides(IrRuO_(x))as the acidic OER catalyst for PEM-WE with exceptional durability for 1600 h at an industrial current density of 2.0 A·cm^(−2).X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals that the introduction of iridium modulates the electronic structure of Ru and strengthens the local Ru–O bonds in RuO_(2),which is crucial for ensuring activity and stability.As a result,in comparison with its RuO_(2) counterpart,IrRuO_(x) works stably against the Ru leaching-induced catalytic layer breakage during the stability test.This work demonstrates the great potential of IrRuO_(x) as the practical OER catalyst for the application in PEM-WE.
文摘China started a new round of large-scale equipment upgrades and trade-ins of consumer goods earlier this year,as part of its efforts to increase domestic demands and boost economic growth.It is a key decision of the Chinese government to promote the high-quality development.So far,the program has been put in place for more than half a year with impressive results.This article looks into the guiding policy for upgrades and trade-ins,its supporting measures and remarkable effect.
文摘Shaanxi Province is rich in archaeological heritage.Its capital,Xi’an,was the capital of 13 dynasties up until the end of the Tang Dynasty(618-907),nine of which were stable,united,multiethnic societies that created rich cultures and left behind an abundance of precious relics.
文摘Lakes Acraman,Gairdner,Harris and Everard are a cluster of large episodic salt lakes on Eyre Peninsula,South Australia.These lakes have a characteristic terrestrial invertebrate fauna including various spiders,
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51402078 and 51302060)Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.1408085QE85)the Young Scholar Enhancement Foundation(Plan B)of Hefei University of Technology in China(No.JZ2016HGTB0711)
文摘Unique multiple heterojunction of Pt-BiOBr/TiO2 nanotube arrays（Pt-BiOBr/TNTAs） was achived by successively loading both Pt nanoparticles（NPs） and BiOBr nanoflkes（NFs） on surface of ordered and spaced TiO2 nanotubes（NTs） using anodization followed by solvothermal and sequential chemical bath deposition（S-CBD） method. The fabricated Pt-Bi OBr/TNTAs were fully characterized, and the photocatalytic（PC） activity and stability of PtBiOBr/TNTAs toward degradation of methyl orange（MO） under visible-light irradiation（λ＆gt;400 nm） were evaluated. The results reveal that multiple heterostructures of Pt/TiO2, Pt/BiOBr and BiOBr/TiO2 are constructed among TNTAs substrate, Pt NPs and BiOBr NFs, and the hybrid Pt-BiOBr/TNTAs catalyst exhibits remarkable visible-light PC activity, favourable reusability and long-term stability. The combined effect of several factors may contribute to the remarkable PC performance, including strong visible-light absorption by both Pt NPs and BiOBr NFs, lower recombination rate of photo-generated electrons and holes attributed to the multiple heterojunction, microstructures for facile light injection and adsorption as well as efficient mass transport, and larger specific surface area for enhancing light absorption, increasing the effective contact area between the absorbed dye molecules and catalyst and benefiting the molecule transport of reactants or products.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 10702077, 10602001 and 10672001)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 1083012).
文摘The present paper deals with spherically symmetric deformation of an inclusion- matrix problem, which consists of an infinite isotropic matrix and a spherically uniform anisotropic piezoelectric inclusion. The interface between the two phases is supposed to be perfect and the system is subjected to uniform loadings at infinity. Exact solutions are obtained for solid spherical piezoelectric inclusion and isotropic matrix. When the system is subjected to a remote traction, analytical results show that remarkable nature exists in the spherical inclusion. It is demonstrated that an infinite stress appears at the center of the inclusion. Furthermore, a cavitation may occur at the center of the inclusion when the system is subjected to uniform tension, while a black hole may be formed at the center of the inclusion when the applied traction is uniform pressure. The appearance of different remarkable nature depends only on one non-dimensional material parameter and the type of the remote traction, while is independent of the magnitude of the traction.
文摘Breakthroughs in nuclear non-proliferation. After hard bargaining lasting over two and a half years, the long-awaitedComprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT) was eventually adopted by an over-whelming majority at the 50th UN Assembly in early September 1996 with thusfar 130 signatory nations to it. In spite of some imperfections, the Treaty repre-
文摘The global financial supervision system reform has achieved remarkable success and China has played an important part in this reform.The outbreak of the global financial crisis in 2008 has showed the urgency and necessity of the enhancement of international financial regulation.For the past eight years,G20 economies
文摘Along with the rapid development of its foreign trade, China’s food imports and exports have also increased by a large margin in recent years. In 1994, the total value of imports and exports of food in the country reached US$12.
文摘China’s food industry is an importantcomponent part of the nationaleconomy.It plays an important rolein satisfying the people’s increasing demandsin their material and cultural life and inbeefing up China’s national economicconstruction.The development of the foodindustry is of very great importance inpromoting the development of the ruralcommodity economy,bringing along thecoordination and development of the relatedindustries such as fodder,packaging,printing,machinery,electronics and fine chemicalindustry,and developing the tertiary industry,
文摘Since the the launch of theeconomic reform and openingdrive,especially the foundingof the China Non-ferrous MetalsIndustry Corporation,China’s non-ferrous metals industry hassustained rapid and healthy growth.
文摘Much progress has been made in the research of breeding new rice line through gene engineering by Life Science College of Fudan Univ, Shanghai, and the Plant Science Res Inst of Shanghai Acad of Agri. It was the first time internationally that the research adopted a man-combined gene, taking agrobacterium as car-
文摘On September 21,1992, the feasibility report on implementing China's Manned Spaceflight Project was approved and a three-step development strategy was also determined. From then on, China's Manned Spaceflight Project has developed rapidly.
