Objective: To analyze the effectiveness and safety of corneal relaxing incisions (CRI) in correcting keratometric astigmatism during cataract surgery. Methods: A prospective study of two groups: control group and trea...Objective: To analyze the effectiveness and safety of corneal relaxing incisions (CRI) in correcting keratometric astigmatism during cataract surgery. Methods: A prospective study of two groups: control group and treatment group. A treatment group included 25 eyes of 25 patients who had combined clear corneal phacoemulsification, IOL implantation and CRI. A control group included 25 eyes of 25 patients who had clear corneal phacoemulsification and IOL implantation.Postoperative keratometric astigmatism was measured at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. Results: CRI signifi-cantly decreased keratometric astigmatism in patients with preexisting astigmatism compared with astigmatic changes in the control group. In eyes with CRI, the mean keratometric astigmatism was 0.29±0.17 D(range 0 to 0.5 D) at 1 week, 0.41±0.21 D (range 0 to 0.82 D) at 1 month, respectively reduced by 2.42 D and 2.30 D at 1 week and 1 month postoperatively (P=0.000, P=0.000), and postoperative astigmatism was stable until 6 months follow-up. The keratometric astigmatism of all patients decreased to less than 1.00 D postoperatively. Conclusions: CRI is a practical, simple, safe and effective method to reduce preexisting astigmatism during cataract surgery. A modified nomogram is proposed. The long-term effect of CRI should be investigated.展开更多
Objective To observe the clinical effect of relaxing needling combined with paired needling in the treatment of acute lumbar sprain.Methods Fifty cases with acute lumbar sprain were treated with relaxing needling in c...Objective To observe the clinical effect of relaxing needling combined with paired needling in the treatment of acute lumbar sprain.Methods Fifty cases with acute lumbar sprain were treated with relaxing needling in combination with paired needling for 30 min each time and once everyday,7 times made one course.The clinical effect was observed after one course.Results Thirty-two cases were cured,15 cases were improved,and 3 cases were ineffective.The total effective rate was 94.0%.Conclusion Relaxing needling in combination with paired needling has remarkable effect in the treatment of acute lumbar sprain as the treatment can obviously alleviate pain and restore the functional movement of lumbar region.展开更多
This study applies the diatonic chord in music theory,utilization rate,and the close relationship between the main chord system,the dominant chord system,and the subordinate chord system.From the perspective of music ...This study applies the diatonic chord in music theory,utilization rate,and the close relationship between the main chord system,the dominant chord system,and the subordinate chord system.From the perspective of music theory,the computer can automatically and quickly analyze the music,and establish a set of algorithms for configuring the chord accompaniment for the main melody,called the symmetrical circle offifths algorithm,SCFA(Symmetrical Circle of Fifths Algorithm).SCFA can immediately confirm the key,perform harmony analysis,configure chord accompaniment for the main melody,and effectively and correctly complete any given melody or interval.It can also quickly analyze and correctly configure the chord accompaniment for any MIDI(Musical Instrument Digital Interface)music,enriching the musicality of the music.It can also allow scorers or computer music creators to quickly deconstruct the harmony configuration of the melody.Through the measurement of bio-feedback sensor HRV(Heart Rate Variability),it can achieve a relaxing music healing effect.展开更多
ONE child or two？ This is the question soon to be pondered by more than 15 million couples across China＇s mainland. They will become eligible later this year to have two children if one of the parents is an only chi...ONE child or two？ This is the question soon to be pondered by more than 15 million couples across China＇s mainland. They will become eligible later this year to have two children if one of the parents is an only child. The new population policy, issued in November 2013, has already seen the choice given to couples in 22 provincial-level regions by the end of April this year.展开更多
A process has been developed recently to fabricate a structure com- prising,from top to bottom,a SiGe thin film,a glass layer,and a Si wafer.The SiGe film is a perfect crystal,and is under biaxial compression.The SiGe...A process has been developed recently to fabricate a structure com- prising,from top to bottom,a SiGe thin film,a glass layer,and a Si wafer.The SiGe film is a perfect crystal,and is under biaxial compression.The SiGe film is patterned into islands.On annealing,the glass flows and the islands relax.The resulting strain-free islands are used as substrates,to grow epitaxial optoelectronic devices.This article describes a series of studies on the annealing process,combining experiment and theory.A small island relaxes by expansion,starting at the edges and diffusing to the center.A large island wrinkles before the expansion reaches the center.After some time,the wrinkles either disappear,or cause the island to fracture. We model the island as an elastic plate,and the glass layer as a viscous liquid.The strains in the islands are measured by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy,and the wrinkle amplitudes by atomic force microscope.The data are compared with the theoretical predictions.We determine the conditions under which the islands relax by expansion without significant wrinkling,and demonstrate that a cap layer suppresses wrinkles,relaxing a large island crack-free.展开更多
Purpose To investigate the efficacy of image-guided accurate limbal relaxing incisions(LRIs)for astigmatism correction during cataract surgery.Methods Consecutive cataract patients with regular corneal astigmatism ran...Purpose To investigate the efficacy of image-guided accurate limbal relaxing incisions(LRIs)for astigmatism correction during cataract surgery.Methods Consecutive cataract patients with regular corneal astigmatism ranging from 0.75 to 2.50 D,intended for cataract surgery with image-guided LRIs,were recruited in this prospective cohort study.The efficacy of astigmatism correction was evaluated 3 months after surgery,and compared among eyes with preoperative corneal with-the-rule(WTR),against-the-rule(ATR)and oblique astigmatism.Higher-order aberrations and visual quality indices obtained with iTrace were further compared between eyes with single and paired LRIs.Results Totally,108 eyes of 108 patients were analyzed.The mean total surgical induced astigmatism(tSIA)vector of all participants was 0.76±0.38 D(range:0.11–1.79 D,preoperative vs.postoperative astigmatism:1.46±0.41 vs.0.78±0.44 D,P<0.001).Eyes with WTR astigmatism showed higher tSIA(0.89±0.32 D vs.0.42±0.21 D vs.0.48±0.36 D,respectively,P<0.001),as well as higher correction index and lower difference vector and index of success than ATR and oblique astigmatism groups(all P<0.05).Eyes with paired LRIs exhibited better corneal average height of modulation transfer function,a better corneal performance index and a better quality of vision index than those with single LRI(all P<0.05).Conclusions Image-guided LRIs can effectively correct low-to-moderate corneal astigmatism during cataract surgery,especially in eyes with WTR astigmatism.展开更多
Hamilton-Jacobi equation appears frequently in applications, e.g., in differential games and control theory, and is closely related to hyperbolic conservation laws[3, 4, 12]. This is helpful in the design of differenc...Hamilton-Jacobi equation appears frequently in applications, e.g., in differential games and control theory, and is closely related to hyperbolic conservation laws[3, 4, 12]. This is helpful in the design of difference approximations for Hamilton-Jacobi equation and hyperbolic conservation laws. In this paper we present the relaxing system for HamiltonJacobi equations in arbitrary space dimensions, and high resolution relaxing schemes for Hamilton-Jacobi equation, based on using the local relaxation approximation. The schemes are numerically tested on a variety of 1D and 2D problems, including a problem related to optimal control problem. High-order accuracy in smooth regions, good resolution of discontinuities, and convergence to viscosity solutions are observed.展开更多
This paper continues to study the central relaxing schemes for system of hyperbolic conservation laws, based on the local relaxation approximation. Two classes of relaxing systems with stiff source term are introduced...This paper continues to study the central relaxing schemes for system of hyperbolic conservation laws, based on the local relaxation approximation. Two classes of relaxing systems with stiff source term are introduced to approximate system of conservation laws in curvilinear coordinates. Based on them, the semi-implicit relaxing schemes are con- structed as in [6, 12] without using any linear or nonlinear Riemann solvers. Numerical experiments for one-dimensional and two-dimensional problems are presented to demon- strate the performance and resolution of the current schemes.展开更多
Presents a study which examined a cell entropy inequality for a class of local relaxation approximation relaxing scheme for scalar conservation laws. Way to obtain the scheme; Use of numerical entropy condition for th...Presents a study which examined a cell entropy inequality for a class of local relaxation approximation relaxing scheme for scalar conservation laws. Way to obtain the scheme; Use of numerical entropy condition for the approximation.展开更多
Direct observation was made by using the patch-clamp technique with a specially designed microperfusion system to investigate the effect of acetylcholine (Ach 10^(-6) mol/L) elicited endothelium-derived relaxing facto...Direct observation was made by using the patch-clamp technique with a specially designed microperfusion system to investigate the effect of acetylcholine (Ach 10^(-6) mol/L) elicited endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) on the calcium-activated potassium channel (IK(Ca))in the smooth muscle cells of mesenteric resistance vessels in Wistar rats. Activation of IK(Ca) was firstly observed by inducing the elicited EDRF or sodium nitroprusside (SNP 10^(-8) mol/L) under various clamping voltages in cell-attached configuration. While the pipette solution contained KCl 126 mmol/L and the bath solution contained KCl 5.9 mmol/L, two types of conductances of calcium-activated potassium current being 76.4±2.3 pS(mean±S.E. n = 7) and 160.3±7.5 pS (mean±S.E. n= 7) were recorded during the EDRF activation, one type of conductance being 100.5±2.8 pS (mean±S.E. n = 6) was activated by nitric oxide (NO) which is an effective component from SNP. Differences in kinetic characteristics of these channels between EDRF and NO activation were found, particularly the probability of the channel being open in EDRF activation was obviously greater than that in NO stimulation. It has been shown that the potassium channel mechanisms involved in the EDRF and NO actions might be different.展开更多
Postoperative visual acuity can be limited by post-keratoplasty astigmatism,even with a clear corneal graft.Astigmatism management can be performed by selective suture removal,adjustment of sutures,optical correction,...Postoperative visual acuity can be limited by post-keratoplasty astigmatism,even with a clear corneal graft.Astigmatism management can be performed by selective suture removal,adjustment of sutures,optical correction,photorefractive procedures,wedge resection,intra-ocular lens implantation,intracorneal ring segments,relaxing incisions with or without compression sutures and repeated keratoplasty.Relaxing incisions can be made in the graft,graft-host interface or host cornea.Despite the unpredictability of the method because the flat and steep meridians are usually not orthogonal after penetrating keratoplasty,with asymmetric power distribution,all the studies showed an overall reduction of refractive,keratometric or topographic astigmatism,ranging from 30%to 72%with manual or femtosecond-assisted techniques.Most patients with astigmatism higher than 6 diopters had residual cylinder less than or equal to 3 diopters,which can be treated by laser excimer ablation or secondary intraocular lens implantation.展开更多
Presents a study on the cell entropy inequality for two classes of fully discrete relaxing schemes approximating scalar conservation laws. Main advantage of the schemes; Review of the construction of the relaxing syst...Presents a study on the cell entropy inequality for two classes of fully discrete relaxing schemes approximating scalar conservation laws. Main advantage of the schemes; Review of the construction of the relaxing system with a stiff source term; Conclusions.展开更多
It’s never too early in the year to start planning a break from the stress of city life,and southwest China’s charming Guizhou Province is a destination that should be right at the top of your list.
The Ministry of Commerce(MOFCOM)and the Ministry of Science and Technology unveiled China’s newly revised catalogue of technologies prohibited and restricted from export on August 28,touching upon a total of 53 items...The Ministry of Commerce(MOFCOM)and the Ministry of Science and Technology unveiled China’s newly revised catalogue of technologies prohibited and restricted from export on August 28,touching upon a total of 53 items.In effect,the catalogue is a negative list of technology exports,and its updating better reflects the reality of new technology progress and offers a legal foundation for China’s technology exports.It also shows that China has relaxed restrictions on some of its technology exports.展开更多
Objective:to observe the clinical effect of acupuncture by mángzhen huid(relaxing needling with sharp long needle) on iliotibial band friction syndrome(ITBS).Design:this was a two-arm randomized controlled trial ...Objective:to observe the clinical effect of acupuncture by mángzhen huid(relaxing needling with sharp long needle) on iliotibial band friction syndrome(ITBS).Design:this was a two-arm randomized controlled trial with blinding of participants,outcome assessment and statistician.Setting:acupuncture-Moxibustion,Tuina and Orthopedics Department and the Orthopedics Department of Shanghai the Sixth People’s Hospital,June 2018 to January 2021.Participants:a total of 64 patients with iliotibial band friction syndrome(ITBS).Interventions:with a 1:1 ratio the patients were randomly assigned to either the conventional acupuncture group(CA,n=32) or the Relaxing Needling with Sharp Long Needle group(RNSLN,n=32).The CA group was treated by applying acupuncture at Jūliáo(居髎GB 29),Fēngshì(风市GB 31),Liángqiū(梁丘ST34),Yánglingquán(阳陵泉GB 34),and Ashi points(阿是穴)of the affected side,and the RNSLN group was treated by applying relaxing needling with sharp long needle at GB 29,ST 34,and Ashi points of the affected side.Both groups were treated once every other day,10 times as one course of treatment.Outcome measures:the treatment effect was evaluated after one course of treatment by comparing their KSS scores and VAS scores,as well as overall response rate.Results:Sixty-four patients were included in the final data analysis.There was no difference in KSS and VAS scores between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,the KSS score of the two groups was higher than that before treatment,the VAS score of the two groups was lower than that before treatment(P<0.05).The KSS score of the RNSLN group was higher than that of the CA group,and the VAS score of the RNSLN group was lower than that of the CA group(P<0.05).The overall response rate of the RNSLN group was 93.75%,higher than 75% of the control group(P<0.05).Each group has 1case of subcutaneous bleeding as adverse event.Conclusion:Relaxing Needling with Sharp Long Needle could be more beneficial for iliotibial band friction syndrome(ITBS) compared with conventional acupuncture,and more evidence is required for its effectiveness before introducing the approach widely to clinical practice.展开更多
Although the plastic loading can enhance creep deformation and yield strength,the anisotropic Stress Relaxation Aging(SRA)behavior and mechanism under plastic loading remain unclear,which presents a significant challe...Although the plastic loading can enhance creep deformation and yield strength,the anisotropic Stress Relaxation Aging(SRA)behavior and mechanism under plastic loading remain unclear,which presents a significant challenge in accurately shaping aluminum alloy panels.In this study,the SRA behavior of 2195-T4 Al-Cu-Li alloys were thoroughly studied under initial loading stresses within the elastic(210/250 MPa)and plastic(380/420 MPa)ranges at 180℃by stress relaxation and tensile tests as well as microstructure characterization.The findings reveal that compared with those under elastic loadings,in-plane anisotropy(IPA)values of the stress relaxation amount,yield strength and fracture elongation under plastic loadings are reduced by 60%–80%,70%–90% and 72%–89%,respectively.Similarly,IPA values of precipitate size in grains and PrecipitationFree Zones(PFZ)width at grain boundaries under plastic loading decrease by 31.4%and 94.4%respectively.These results indicate plastic loading significantly weakens the anisotropic SRA behavior,owing to numerous uniformly distributed fine T1phases and small IPA values of both T1precipitates size and PFZ width in various loading directions.Compared with those of elastic loadingaged alloys,yield strength of plastic loading-aged alloys shows high strength-ductility because of the combined effect of closely dispersed fine T1precipitates,narrowed PFZ and numerous sheared and rotated T1phases at different locations during tensile process.The uniformly distributed larger Kernel Average Misorientation(KAM)and Schmidt factor values of the plastic loading-aged alloy,as well as the cross-slip generated,also help to enhance the strength and ductility of the alloy.展开更多
Due to batteries inconsistencies and potential faults in battery management systems,slight overcharging remains a common yet insufficiently understood safety risk,lacking effective warning methods.To illuminate the de...Due to batteries inconsistencies and potential faults in battery management systems,slight overcharging remains a common yet insufficiently understood safety risk,lacking effective warning methods.To illuminate the degradation behavior and failure mechanism of various overcharged states(100%SOC,105%SOC,110%SOC,and 115%SOC),multiple advanced in-situ characterization techniques(accelerating rate calorimeter,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,ultrasonic scanning,and expansion instrument)were utilized.Additionally,re-overcharge-induced thermal runaway(TR)tests were conducted,with a specific emphasis on the evolution of the expansion force signal.Results indicated significant degradation at 110%SOC including conductivity loss,loss of lithium inventory,and loss of active material accompanied by internal gas generation.These failure behaviors slow down the expansion force rate during reovercharging,reducing the efficacy of active warnings that depend on rate thresholds of expansion force.Specifically,the warning time for 115%SOC battery is only 144 s,which is 740 s shorter than that for fresh battery,and the time to TR is advanced by 9 min.Moreover,the initial self-heating temperature(T1)is reduced by 62.4℃compared to that of fresh battery,reaching only 70.8℃.To address the low safety of overcharged batteries,a passive overcharge warning method utilizing relaxation expansion force was proposed,based on the continued gas generation after stopping charging,leading to a sustained increase in force.Compared to active methods that rely on thresholds of expansion force rate,the passive method can issue warnings 115 s earlier.By combining the passive and active warning methods,guaranteed effective overcharge warning can be issued 863-884 s before TR.This study introduces a novel perspective for enhancing the safety of batteries.展开更多
BACKGROUND Most patients who were included in previous studies on achalasia had increased lower esophageal sphincter(LES)pressure.Peroral endoscopic myotomy(POEM)has been confirmed to be effective at relieving the cli...BACKGROUND Most patients who were included in previous studies on achalasia had increased lower esophageal sphincter(LES)pressure.Peroral endoscopic myotomy(POEM)has been confirmed to be effective at relieving the clinical symptoms of achalasia associated with increased LES pressure.AIM To identify the safety and efficacy of POEM for patients with normal LES integrated relaxation pressure(LES-IRP).METHODS The clinical data of patients who underwent POEM successfully in The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.A total of 481 patients who underwent preoperative high-resolution manometry(HRM)at our hospital were ultimately included in this research.According to the HRM results,the patients were divided into two groups:71 patients were included in the normal LES-IRP group(LES-IRP<15 mmHg)and 410 patients were included in the increased LES-IRP group(LES-IRP≥15 mmHg).Clinical characteristics,procedure-related parameters,adverse events,and outcomes were compared between the two groups to evaluate the safety and efficacy of POEM for patients with normal LES-IRP.RESULTS Among the 481 patients included in our study,209 were males and 272 were females,with a mean age of 44.2 years.All patients underwent POEM without severe adverse events.The median pre-treatment Eckardt scores of the normal LES-IRP and increased LES-IRP groups were 7.0 and 7.0(P=0.132),respectively,decreasing to 1.0 and 1.0 post-treatment(P=0.572).The clinical success rate of the normal LES-IRP group was 87.3%(62/71),and that of the increased LES-IRP group was 91.2%(374/410)(P=0.298).Reflux symptoms were measured by the GerdQ questionnaire,and the percentages of patients with GerdQ scores≥9 in the normal LES-IRP and increased LES-IRP groups were 8.5%and 10.7%,respectively(P=0.711).After matching,the rates of clinical success and the rates of GerdQ score≥9 were not significantly different between the two groups.CONCLUSION Our results suggest that POEM is safe and effective for achalasia and patients with normal LES-IRP.In addition,in patients with normal LES-IRP,compared with those with increased LES-IRP,POEM was not associated with a greater incidence of reflux symptoms.展开更多
All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)are strongly considered as the next-generation energy storage devices for their high energy density and intrinsic safety.The solid-solid contact between lithium metal and solid...All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)are strongly considered as the next-generation energy storage devices for their high energy density and intrinsic safety.The solid-solid contact between lithium metal and solid electrolyte plays a vital role in the performance of working ASSLBs,which is challenging to investigate quantitatively by experimental approach.This work proposed a quantitative model based on the finite element method for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy simulation of different solid-solid contact states in ASSLBs.With the assistance of an equivalent circuit model and distribution of relaxation times,it is discovered that as the number of voids and the sharpness of cracks increase,the contact resistance Rcgrows and ultimately dominates the battery impedance.Through accurate fitting,inverse proportional relations between contact resistance Rcand(1-porosity)as well as crack angle was disclosed.This contribution affords a fresh insight into clarifying solid-solid contact states in ASSLBs.展开更多
文摘Objective: To analyze the effectiveness and safety of corneal relaxing incisions (CRI) in correcting keratometric astigmatism during cataract surgery. Methods: A prospective study of two groups: control group and treatment group. A treatment group included 25 eyes of 25 patients who had combined clear corneal phacoemulsification, IOL implantation and CRI. A control group included 25 eyes of 25 patients who had clear corneal phacoemulsification and IOL implantation.Postoperative keratometric astigmatism was measured at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months. Results: CRI signifi-cantly decreased keratometric astigmatism in patients with preexisting astigmatism compared with astigmatic changes in the control group. In eyes with CRI, the mean keratometric astigmatism was 0.29±0.17 D(range 0 to 0.5 D) at 1 week, 0.41±0.21 D (range 0 to 0.82 D) at 1 month, respectively reduced by 2.42 D and 2.30 D at 1 week and 1 month postoperatively (P=0.000, P=0.000), and postoperative astigmatism was stable until 6 months follow-up. The keratometric astigmatism of all patients decreased to less than 1.00 D postoperatively. Conclusions: CRI is a practical, simple, safe and effective method to reduce preexisting astigmatism during cataract surgery. A modified nomogram is proposed. The long-term effect of CRI should be investigated.
文摘Objective To observe the clinical effect of relaxing needling combined with paired needling in the treatment of acute lumbar sprain.Methods Fifty cases with acute lumbar sprain were treated with relaxing needling in combination with paired needling for 30 min each time and once everyday,7 times made one course.The clinical effect was observed after one course.Results Thirty-two cases were cured,15 cases were improved,and 3 cases were ineffective.The total effective rate was 94.0%.Conclusion Relaxing needling in combination with paired needling has remarkable effect in the treatment of acute lumbar sprain as the treatment can obviously alleviate pain and restore the functional movement of lumbar region.
基金The Ministry of Science and Technology project of Taiwan:MOST 108-2511-H-424-001-MY3.
文摘This study applies the diatonic chord in music theory,utilization rate,and the close relationship between the main chord system,the dominant chord system,and the subordinate chord system.From the perspective of music theory,the computer can automatically and quickly analyze the music,and establish a set of algorithms for configuring the chord accompaniment for the main melody,called the symmetrical circle offifths algorithm,SCFA(Symmetrical Circle of Fifths Algorithm).SCFA can immediately confirm the key,perform harmony analysis,configure chord accompaniment for the main melody,and effectively and correctly complete any given melody or interval.It can also quickly analyze and correctly configure the chord accompaniment for any MIDI(Musical Instrument Digital Interface)music,enriching the musicality of the music.It can also allow scorers or computer music creators to quickly deconstruct the harmony configuration of the melody.Through the measurement of bio-feedback sensor HRV(Heart Rate Variability),it can achieve a relaxing music healing effect.
文摘ONE child or two？ This is the question soon to be pondered by more than 15 million couples across China＇s mainland. They will become eligible later this year to have two children if one of the parents is an only child. The new population policy, issued in November 2013, has already seen the choice given to couples in 22 provincial-level regions by the end of April this year.
基金The project supported by NSF (CMS-9820713)DARPA (N66001-00-1-8957)+1 种基金ARO (DAA655-98-1-ff270)New Jersey Science and Technology Commission
文摘A process has been developed recently to fabricate a structure com- prising,from top to bottom,a SiGe thin film,a glass layer,and a Si wafer.The SiGe film is a perfect crystal,and is under biaxial compression.The SiGe film is patterned into islands.On annealing,the glass flows and the islands relax.The resulting strain-free islands are used as substrates,to grow epitaxial optoelectronic devices.This article describes a series of studies on the annealing process,combining experiment and theory.A small island relaxes by expansion,starting at the edges and diffusing to the center.A large island wrinkles before the expansion reaches the center.After some time,the wrinkles either disappear,or cause the island to fracture. We model the island as an elastic plate,and the glass layer as a viscous liquid.The strains in the islands are measured by X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy,and the wrinkle amplitudes by atomic force microscope.The data are compared with the theoretical predictions.We determine the conditions under which the islands relax by expansion without significant wrinkling,and demonstrate that a cap layer suppresses wrinkles,relaxing a large island crack-free.
基金supported by research grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China,China(2022YFC2502800)National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(82271069,82371040,82122017,81870642,81970780,81470613 and 81670835)+2 种基金Special Project of Shanghai Public Health Research,China(2024GKQ36)Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission,China(23Y11909800)Outstanding Youth Medical Talents of Shanghai"Rising Stars of Medical Talents"Youth Development Program,Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Project,China(2024ZZ1025 and 20244Z0015).
文摘Purpose To investigate the efficacy of image-guided accurate limbal relaxing incisions(LRIs)for astigmatism correction during cataract surgery.Methods Consecutive cataract patients with regular corneal astigmatism ranging from 0.75 to 2.50 D,intended for cataract surgery with image-guided LRIs,were recruited in this prospective cohort study.The efficacy of astigmatism correction was evaluated 3 months after surgery,and compared among eyes with preoperative corneal with-the-rule(WTR),against-the-rule(ATR)and oblique astigmatism.Higher-order aberrations and visual quality indices obtained with iTrace were further compared between eyes with single and paired LRIs.Results Totally,108 eyes of 108 patients were analyzed.The mean total surgical induced astigmatism(tSIA)vector of all participants was 0.76±0.38 D(range:0.11–1.79 D,preoperative vs.postoperative astigmatism:1.46±0.41 vs.0.78±0.44 D,P<0.001).Eyes with WTR astigmatism showed higher tSIA(0.89±0.32 D vs.0.42±0.21 D vs.0.48±0.36 D,respectively,P<0.001),as well as higher correction index and lower difference vector and index of success than ATR and oblique astigmatism groups(all P<0.05).Eyes with paired LRIs exhibited better corneal average height of modulation transfer function,a better corneal performance index and a better quality of vision index than those with single LRI(all P<0.05).Conclusions Image-guided LRIs can effectively correct low-to-moderate corneal astigmatism during cataract surgery,especially in eyes with WTR astigmatism.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 19901031)and the foundation of National Laboratory of Computationa
文摘Hamilton-Jacobi equation appears frequently in applications, e.g., in differential games and control theory, and is closely related to hyperbolic conservation laws[3, 4, 12]. This is helpful in the design of difference approximations for Hamilton-Jacobi equation and hyperbolic conservation laws. In this paper we present the relaxing system for HamiltonJacobi equations in arbitrary space dimensions, and high resolution relaxing schemes for Hamilton-Jacobi equation, based on using the local relaxation approximation. The schemes are numerically tested on a variety of 1D and 2D problems, including a problem related to optimal control problem. High-order accuracy in smooth regions, good resolution of discontinuities, and convergence to viscosity solutions are observed.
基金This project supported partly by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.19901031), the specialFunds for Major State
文摘This paper continues to study the central relaxing schemes for system of hyperbolic conservation laws, based on the local relaxation approximation. Two classes of relaxing systems with stiff source term are introduced to approximate system of conservation laws in curvilinear coordinates. Based on them, the semi-implicit relaxing schemes are con- structed as in [6, 12] without using any linear or nonlinear Riemann solvers. Numerical experiments for one-dimensional and two-dimensional problems are presented to demon- strate the performance and resolution of the current schemes.
文摘Presents a study which examined a cell entropy inequality for a class of local relaxation approximation relaxing scheme for scalar conservation laws. Way to obtain the scheme; Use of numerical entropy condition for the approximation.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Direct observation was made by using the patch-clamp technique with a specially designed microperfusion system to investigate the effect of acetylcholine (Ach 10^(-6) mol/L) elicited endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) on the calcium-activated potassium channel (IK(Ca))in the smooth muscle cells of mesenteric resistance vessels in Wistar rats. Activation of IK(Ca) was firstly observed by inducing the elicited EDRF or sodium nitroprusside (SNP 10^(-8) mol/L) under various clamping voltages in cell-attached configuration. While the pipette solution contained KCl 126 mmol/L and the bath solution contained KCl 5.9 mmol/L, two types of conductances of calcium-activated potassium current being 76.4±2.3 pS(mean±S.E. n = 7) and 160.3±7.5 pS (mean±S.E. n= 7) were recorded during the EDRF activation, one type of conductance being 100.5±2.8 pS (mean±S.E. n = 6) was activated by nitric oxide (NO) which is an effective component from SNP. Differences in kinetic characteristics of these channels between EDRF and NO activation were found, particularly the probability of the channel being open in EDRF activation was obviously greater than that in NO stimulation. It has been shown that the potassium channel mechanisms involved in the EDRF and NO actions might be different.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaLaboratory of Computational Physics of Beijing IAPCM
文摘Presents a central relaxing scheme for scalar conservation laws. Details on the preliminary equations; Properties of the relaxed schemes; Conclusions.
文摘Postoperative visual acuity can be limited by post-keratoplasty astigmatism,even with a clear corneal graft.Astigmatism management can be performed by selective suture removal,adjustment of sutures,optical correction,photorefractive procedures,wedge resection,intra-ocular lens implantation,intracorneal ring segments,relaxing incisions with or without compression sutures and repeated keratoplasty.Relaxing incisions can be made in the graft,graft-host interface or host cornea.Despite the unpredictability of the method because the flat and steep meridians are usually not orthogonal after penetrating keratoplasty,with asymmetric power distribution,all the studies showed an overall reduction of refractive,keratometric or topographic astigmatism,ranging from 30%to 72%with manual or femtosecond-assisted techniques.Most patients with astigmatism higher than 6 diopters had residual cylinder less than or equal to 3 diopters,which can be treated by laser excimer ablation or secondary intraocular lens implantation.
基金National Natural Science Foundation (No.19901031), Special Funds for Major State Basic Research Projects of China, and the Found
文摘Presents a study on the cell entropy inequality for two classes of fully discrete relaxing schemes approximating scalar conservation laws. Main advantage of the schemes; Review of the construction of the relaxing system with a stiff source term; Conclusions.
文摘It’s never too early in the year to start planning a break from the stress of city life,and southwest China’s charming Guizhou Province is a destination that should be right at the top of your list.
文摘The Ministry of Commerce(MOFCOM)and the Ministry of Science and Technology unveiled China’s newly revised catalogue of technologies prohibited and restricted from export on August 28,touching upon a total of 53 items.In effect,the catalogue is a negative list of technology exports,and its updating better reflects the reality of new technology progress and offers a legal foundation for China’s technology exports.It also shows that China has relaxed restrictions on some of its technology exports.
基金Supported by Shanghai Three-year Action Plan for Further Accelerating the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2018-2020):ZY (2018-2020)-ZYJS-09Shanghai Three-year Action Plan for Further Accelerating the Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2018-2020):No.ZY(2018-2020)-FWTX-4020Shanghai Three-year Action Plan for Further Accelerating the Inheritance,Innovation,Development of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2021-2023):No.ZY (2021-2023)-0205-04。
文摘Objective:to observe the clinical effect of acupuncture by mángzhen huid(relaxing needling with sharp long needle) on iliotibial band friction syndrome(ITBS).Design:this was a two-arm randomized controlled trial with blinding of participants,outcome assessment and statistician.Setting:acupuncture-Moxibustion,Tuina and Orthopedics Department and the Orthopedics Department of Shanghai the Sixth People’s Hospital,June 2018 to January 2021.Participants:a total of 64 patients with iliotibial band friction syndrome(ITBS).Interventions:with a 1:1 ratio the patients were randomly assigned to either the conventional acupuncture group(CA,n=32) or the Relaxing Needling with Sharp Long Needle group(RNSLN,n=32).The CA group was treated by applying acupuncture at Jūliáo(居髎GB 29),Fēngshì(风市GB 31),Liángqiū(梁丘ST34),Yánglingquán(阳陵泉GB 34),and Ashi points(阿是穴)of the affected side,and the RNSLN group was treated by applying relaxing needling with sharp long needle at GB 29,ST 34,and Ashi points of the affected side.Both groups were treated once every other day,10 times as one course of treatment.Outcome measures:the treatment effect was evaluated after one course of treatment by comparing their KSS scores and VAS scores,as well as overall response rate.Results:Sixty-four patients were included in the final data analysis.There was no difference in KSS and VAS scores between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,the KSS score of the two groups was higher than that before treatment,the VAS score of the two groups was lower than that before treatment(P<0.05).The KSS score of the RNSLN group was higher than that of the CA group,and the VAS score of the RNSLN group was lower than that of the CA group(P<0.05).The overall response rate of the RNSLN group was 93.75%,higher than 75% of the control group(P<0.05).Each group has 1case of subcutaneous bleeding as adverse event.Conclusion:Relaxing Needling with Sharp Long Needle could be more beneficial for iliotibial band friction syndrome(ITBS) compared with conventional acupuncture,and more evidence is required for its effectiveness before introducing the approach widely to clinical practice.
基金support from the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51235010)。
文摘Although the plastic loading can enhance creep deformation and yield strength,the anisotropic Stress Relaxation Aging(SRA)behavior and mechanism under plastic loading remain unclear,which presents a significant challenge in accurately shaping aluminum alloy panels.In this study,the SRA behavior of 2195-T4 Al-Cu-Li alloys were thoroughly studied under initial loading stresses within the elastic(210/250 MPa)and plastic(380/420 MPa)ranges at 180℃by stress relaxation and tensile tests as well as microstructure characterization.The findings reveal that compared with those under elastic loadings,in-plane anisotropy(IPA)values of the stress relaxation amount,yield strength and fracture elongation under plastic loadings are reduced by 60%–80%,70%–90% and 72%–89%,respectively.Similarly,IPA values of precipitate size in grains and PrecipitationFree Zones(PFZ)width at grain boundaries under plastic loading decrease by 31.4%and 94.4%respectively.These results indicate plastic loading significantly weakens the anisotropic SRA behavior,owing to numerous uniformly distributed fine T1phases and small IPA values of both T1precipitates size and PFZ width in various loading directions.Compared with those of elastic loadingaged alloys,yield strength of plastic loading-aged alloys shows high strength-ductility because of the combined effect of closely dispersed fine T1precipitates,narrowed PFZ and numerous sheared and rotated T1phases at different locations during tensile process.The uniformly distributed larger Kernel Average Misorientation(KAM)and Schmidt factor values of the plastic loading-aged alloy,as well as the cross-slip generated,also help to enhance the strength and ductility of the alloy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52476200,52106244)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2024A1515030124)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Project of China Southern Power Grid under Grant GDKJXM20230246(030100KC23020017)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Due to batteries inconsistencies and potential faults in battery management systems,slight overcharging remains a common yet insufficiently understood safety risk,lacking effective warning methods.To illuminate the degradation behavior and failure mechanism of various overcharged states(100%SOC,105%SOC,110%SOC,and 115%SOC),multiple advanced in-situ characterization techniques(accelerating rate calorimeter,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,ultrasonic scanning,and expansion instrument)were utilized.Additionally,re-overcharge-induced thermal runaway(TR)tests were conducted,with a specific emphasis on the evolution of the expansion force signal.Results indicated significant degradation at 110%SOC including conductivity loss,loss of lithium inventory,and loss of active material accompanied by internal gas generation.These failure behaviors slow down the expansion force rate during reovercharging,reducing the efficacy of active warnings that depend on rate thresholds of expansion force.Specifically,the warning time for 115%SOC battery is only 144 s,which is 740 s shorter than that for fresh battery,and the time to TR is advanced by 9 min.Moreover,the initial self-heating temperature(T1)is reduced by 62.4℃compared to that of fresh battery,reaching only 70.8℃.To address the low safety of overcharged batteries,a passive overcharge warning method utilizing relaxation expansion force was proposed,based on the continued gas generation after stopping charging,leading to a sustained increase in force.Compared to active methods that rely on thresholds of expansion force rate,the passive method can issue warnings 115 s earlier.By combining the passive and active warning methods,guaranteed effective overcharge warning can be issued 863-884 s before TR.This study introduces a novel perspective for enhancing the safety of batteries.
文摘BACKGROUND Most patients who were included in previous studies on achalasia had increased lower esophageal sphincter(LES)pressure.Peroral endoscopic myotomy(POEM)has been confirmed to be effective at relieving the clinical symptoms of achalasia associated with increased LES pressure.AIM To identify the safety and efficacy of POEM for patients with normal LES integrated relaxation pressure(LES-IRP).METHODS The clinical data of patients who underwent POEM successfully in The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.A total of 481 patients who underwent preoperative high-resolution manometry(HRM)at our hospital were ultimately included in this research.According to the HRM results,the patients were divided into two groups:71 patients were included in the normal LES-IRP group(LES-IRP<15 mmHg)and 410 patients were included in the increased LES-IRP group(LES-IRP≥15 mmHg).Clinical characteristics,procedure-related parameters,adverse events,and outcomes were compared between the two groups to evaluate the safety and efficacy of POEM for patients with normal LES-IRP.RESULTS Among the 481 patients included in our study,209 were males and 272 were females,with a mean age of 44.2 years.All patients underwent POEM without severe adverse events.The median pre-treatment Eckardt scores of the normal LES-IRP and increased LES-IRP groups were 7.0 and 7.0(P=0.132),respectively,decreasing to 1.0 and 1.0 post-treatment(P=0.572).The clinical success rate of the normal LES-IRP group was 87.3%(62/71),and that of the increased LES-IRP group was 91.2%(374/410)(P=0.298).Reflux symptoms were measured by the GerdQ questionnaire,and the percentages of patients with GerdQ scores≥9 in the normal LES-IRP and increased LES-IRP groups were 8.5%and 10.7%,respectively(P=0.711).After matching,the rates of clinical success and the rates of GerdQ score≥9 were not significantly different between the two groups.CONCLUSION Our results suggest that POEM is safe and effective for achalasia and patients with normal LES-IRP.In addition,in patients with normal LES-IRP,compared with those with increased LES-IRP,POEM was not associated with a greater incidence of reflux symptoms.
基金supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Z200011,L233004)the National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFB2500300)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52394170,52394171,22109011,22393900,and 22108151)the Tsinghua-Jiangyin Innovation Special Fund(TJISF)(2022JYTH0101)the S&T Program of Hebei(22344402D)the Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Program.
文摘All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)are strongly considered as the next-generation energy storage devices for their high energy density and intrinsic safety.The solid-solid contact between lithium metal and solid electrolyte plays a vital role in the performance of working ASSLBs,which is challenging to investigate quantitatively by experimental approach.This work proposed a quantitative model based on the finite element method for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy simulation of different solid-solid contact states in ASSLBs.With the assistance of an equivalent circuit model and distribution of relaxation times,it is discovered that as the number of voids and the sharpness of cracks increase,the contact resistance Rcgrows and ultimately dominates the battery impedance.Through accurate fitting,inverse proportional relations between contact resistance Rcand(1-porosity)as well as crack angle was disclosed.This contribution affords a fresh insight into clarifying solid-solid contact states in ASSLBs.
