A class of hybrid algorithms of real-time simulation based on evaluation of non-integerstep right-hand side function are presented in this paper. And some results of the convergence and stability of the algorithms are...A class of hybrid algorithms of real-time simulation based on evaluation of non-integerstep right-hand side function are presented in this paper. And some results of the convergence and stability of the algorithms are given. Using the class of algorithms, evaluation for the right-hand side function is needed once in every integration-step. Moreover, comparing with the other methods with the same amount of work, their numerical stability regions are larger and the method errors are smaller, and the numerical experiments show that the algorithms are very effective.展开更多
In this paper, a mathematical model of real-time simulation is given, and the problem of convergence on real-time Runge-Kutta algorithms is analysed. At last a theorem on the relation between the order of compensation...In this paper, a mathematical model of real-time simulation is given, and the problem of convergence on real-time Runge-Kutta algorithms is analysed. At last a theorem on the relation between the order of compensation and the convergent order of real-time algorithm is proved.展开更多
Developing the control of modem power converters is a very expensive and time-consuming task. Time to market can take unacceptable long. FPGA-based real-time simulation of a power stage with analog measured signals ca...Developing the control of modem power converters is a very expensive and time-consuming task. Time to market can take unacceptable long. FPGA-based real-time simulation of a power stage with analog measured signals can reduce significantly the cost and time of testing a product. This new approach is known as HIL （hardware-in-the-loop） testing. A general power converter consists of two main parts： a power level （main circuit） and a digital controller unit, which is usually realized by using some kind of DSP. Testing the controller HW and SW is quite problematic： live tests with a completely assembled converter can be dangerous and expensive. A low-power model of the main circuit can be built under laboratory conditions, but it will have parameters （e.g. time constants and relative losses） differing from the ones of the original system. The solution is the HIL simulation of the main circuit. With this method the simulator can be completely transparent for the controller unit, unlike other computer based simulation methods The subject of this paper is to develop such a real-time simulator using FPGA. The modeled circuit is a three-phase inverter, which is widely used in power converters of renewable energy sources.展开更多
AC-HVDC-AC energy conversion systems using MMC （modular multilevel converters） are becoming popular to integrate distributed energy systems to the main grid. Such multilevel converters pose a serious problems for H...AC-HVDC-AC energy conversion systems using MMC （modular multilevel converters） are becoming popular to integrate distributed energy systems to the main grid. Such multilevel converters pose a serious problems for HIL （hardware in the loop） simulators required for control, protection design and testing due to the large number of cells that must be simulated individually using very small time steps. This paper demonstrates the advantages of using a very small time step to simulate a MMC topology. The MMC is implemented on FPGA （fiel-programmable gate array） to simulate fast transient with a time step of 250 ns. The AC network and HVDC bus is simulated on the PC, with a slower time step of 10 μs to 20 μs. The simulator architecture and the components simulated on the FPGA and on the PC will be discussed, as well as the method allowing the interconnection of this slow and fast system.展开更多
This article deals with real-time hi-fi simulation of large aircraft flying in turbulent wind in a simulator to study its takeoff and landing behavior in microburst wind shear. A parameterized three-dimensional （3D）...This article deals with real-time hi-fi simulation of large aircraft flying in turbulent wind in a simulator to study its takeoff and landing behavior in microburst wind shear. A parameterized three-dimensional （3D） microburst model is built up on the basis of vortex ring and Rankine vortex principle. Complicated microburst wind fields are simulated by means of vortex ring declination and multi-vortex superposition. Based on the modeling data of Boeing 747-100, a dynamic model with wind shear effects considered is established and a general method to modify the aerodynamic model is proposed. A controller for longitudinal and lateral escapes is designed and verified in simulated microburst wind field. Results indicate that, with high extensibility, reasonability and effectiveness, the 3D microburst model with wind shear effects considered is fit to simulate real wind fields. Different escape schemes can be adopted to fly through a wind field from different locations. The model can be used for real-time flight simulation in a flight simulator.展开更多
With the development of accelerograph, strong ground motion data can be widely applied to many fields. Especially, it is an important milestone for strong motion observation to expand application fields into earthquak...With the development of accelerograph, strong ground motion data can be widely applied to many fields. Especially, it is an important milestone for strong motion observation to expand application fields into earthquake monitoring that real-time simulation of ground displacement can be obtained by strong motion records for determining three earthquake parameters. For the purpose of application, on the basis of principle of seismic response of single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system, this paper presents a suit of formula of simulating ground displacement records by using strong ground motion records with the help of simulator of SDOF system. The research results show that the technique is very efficient and can be widely applied to earthquake monitoring.展开更多
This paper extends the SPH method to gas simulation. The SPH （Smoothed Particles Hydrodynamics） method is the most popular method of flow simulation, which is widely used in large-scale liquid simulation. However, i...This paper extends the SPH method to gas simulation. The SPH （Smoothed Particles Hydrodynamics） method is the most popular method of flow simulation, which is widely used in large-scale liquid simulation. However, it is not found to apply to gas simulation, since those methods based on SPH can＇t be used in real-time simulation due to their enormous particles and huge computation. This paper proposes a method for gas simulation based on SPH with a small number of particles. Firstly, the method computes the position and density of each particle in each point-in-time, and outlines the shape of the simulated gas based on those particles. Secondly the method uses the grid technique to refine the shape with the diffusion of particle＇s density under the control of grid, and get more lifelike simulation result. Each grid will be assigned density according to the particles in it. The density determines the final appearance of the grid. For ensuring the natural transition of the color between adjacent grids, we give a diffuse process of density between these grids and assign appropriate values to vertexes of these grids. The experimental results show that the proposed method can give better gas simulation and meet the request of real-time.展开更多
Local control parameters such as instantaneous delay and instantaneous amplitude play an essential role in evaluating the performance and maintaining the stability of real-time hybrid simulation(RTHS).However,existing...Local control parameters such as instantaneous delay and instantaneous amplitude play an essential role in evaluating the performance and maintaining the stability of real-time hybrid simulation(RTHS).However,existing methods have limitations in obtaining this local assessment in either the time domain or frequency domain.In this study,the instantaneous frequency is introduced to determine local control parameters for actuator tracking assessment in a real-time hybrid simulation.Instantaneous properties,including amplitude,delay,frequency and phase,are then calculated based on analytic signals translated from actuator tracking signals through the Hilbert transform.Potential issues are discussed and solutions are proposed for calculation of local control parameters.Numerical simulations are first conducted for sinusoidal and chirp signals with time varying amplitude error and delay to demonstrate the potential of the proposed method.Laboratory tests also are conducted for a predefined random signal as well as the RTHS of a single degree of freedom structure with a self-centering viscous damper to experimentally verify the effectiveness of the proposed use of the instantaneous frequency.Results from the ensuing analysis clearly demonstrate that the instantaneous frequency provides great potential for local control assessment,and the proposed method enables local tracking parameters with good accuracy.展开更多
A model suitable for describing the mechanical response of thin elastic objects is proposed to simulate the deformation of guide wires in minimally invasive interventions. The main objective of this simulation is to p...A model suitable for describing the mechanical response of thin elastic objects is proposed to simulate the deformation of guide wires in minimally invasive interventions. The main objective of this simulation is to provide doctors an opportunity to rehearse the surgery and select an optimal operation plan before the real surgery. In this model the guide wire is discretized with the multi-body representation and its elastic energy derivate from elastic theory is a polynomial function of the nodal displacements. The vascular structure is represented by a tetrahedron mesh extended from the triangular mesh of the artery, which can be extracted from the patient＇s CT image data. The model applies the energy decline process of the conjugate gradient method to the deformation simulation of the guide wire. Experimental results show that the polynomial relationship between elastic energy and nodal displacements tremendously simplifies the evaluation of the conjugate gradient method and significantly improves the model＇s efficiency. Compared with models depending on an explicit scheme for evaluation, the new model is not only non-conditionally stable but also more efficient. The model can be applied to the real-time simulation of guide wire in a vascular structure.展开更多
In this paper a class of real-time parallel modified Rosenbrock methods of numerical simulation is constructed for stiff dynamic systems on a multiprocessor system, and convergence and numerical stability of these met...In this paper a class of real-time parallel modified Rosenbrock methods of numerical simulation is constructed for stiff dynamic systems on a multiprocessor system, and convergence and numerical stability of these methods are discussed. A-stable real-time parallel formula of two-stage third-order and A(α)-stable real-time parallel formula with o ≈ 89.96° of three-stage fourth-order are particularly given. The numerical simulation experiments in parallel environment show that the class of algorithms is efficient and applicable, with greater speedup.展开更多
The electric vehicle(EV)charging station is a critical part of the infrastructure for the wide adoption of EVs.Realtime simulation of an EV station plays an essential role in testing its operation under different oper...The electric vehicle(EV)charging station is a critical part of the infrastructure for the wide adoption of EVs.Realtime simulation of an EV station plays an essential role in testing its operation under different operating modes.However,the large numbers of high-frequency power electronic switches contained in EV chargers pose great challenges for real-time simulation.This paper proposes a compact electromagnetic transient program(C-EMTP)algorithm for FPGA-based real-time simulation of an EV station with multiple high-frequency chargers.The C-EMTP algorithm transforms the traditional EMTP algorithm into two parallel sub-tasks only consisting of simple matrix operations,to fully utilize the high parallelism of FPGA.The simulation time step can be greatly reduced compared with that of the traditional EMTP algorithm,and so the simulation accuracy for high-frequency power electronics is improved.The EV chargers can be decoupled with each other and simulated in parallel.A CPU-FPGA-based realtime simulation platform is developed and the proposed simulation of the EV station is implemented.The control strategy is simulated in a CPU with 100μs time-step,while the EV station circuit topology is simulated in a single FPGA with a 250 ns time-step.In the case studies,the EV station consists of a two-level rectifier and five dual-active bridge(DAB)EV chargers.It is tested under different scenarios,and the real-time simulation results are validated using PSCAD/EMTDC.展开更多
Virtual reality-based surgery simulation is becoming popular with the development of minimally invasive abdominal surgery,where deformable soft tissue is modelled and simulated.The mass-spring model(MSM)and finite ele...Virtual reality-based surgery simulation is becoming popular with the development of minimally invasive abdominal surgery,where deformable soft tissue is modelled and simulated.The mass-spring model(MSM)and finite element method(FEM)are common methods used in the simulation of soft tissue deformation.However,MSM has an issue concerning accuracy,while FEM has a problem with efficiency.To achieve higher accuracy and efficiency at the same time,we applied a co-rotational FEM in the simulation of a kidney with a tumour inside,achieving a real-time and accurate deformation simulation.In addition,we set a multi-model representation for mechanical simulation and visual rendering.The implicit Euler method and conjugate gradient method were adopted for setting and solving the linear system.For a realistic simulation of surgery,constraints outside the kidney and between the kidney and tumour were set with two series of mechanical properties for the two models.Experiments were conducted to validate the accuracy and real-time performance.展开更多
An environment control and life support system（ECLSS） is an important system in a space station. The ECLSS is a typical complex system, and the real-time simulation technology can help to accelerate its research pro...An environment control and life support system（ECLSS） is an important system in a space station. The ECLSS is a typical complex system, and the real-time simulation technology can help to accelerate its research process by using distributed hardware in a loop simulation system. An implicit fixed time step numerical integration method is recommended for a real-time simulation system with time-varying parameters. However, its computational efficiency is too low to satisfy the real-time data interaction, especially for the complex ECLSS system running on a PC cluster. The instability problem of an explicit method strongly limits its application in the ECLSS real-time simulation although it has a high computational efficiency. This paper proposes an improved numerical simulation method to overcome the instability problem based on the explicit Euler method. A temperature and humidity control subsystem（THCS） is firstly established, and its numerical stability is analyzed by using the eigenvalue estimation theory. Furthermore, an adaptive operator is proposed to avoid the potential instability problem. The stability and accuracy of the proposed method are investigated carefully. Simulation results show that this proposed method can provide a good way for some complex time-variant systems to run their real-time simulation on a PC cluster.展开更多
In this paper parallel Rosenbrock methods in real-time simulation are presented on parallel computers. Their construction, their convergence and their numerical stability are studied, and the numerical simulation expe...In this paper parallel Rosenbrock methods in real-time simulation are presented on parallel computers. Their construction, their convergence and their numerical stability are studied, and the numerical simulation experiments are conducted on a personal computer and a parallel computer respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]展开更多
Recently, real-time simulation of renewable energy sources are indispensible for evaluating the performance of the maximum power point tracking （MPPT） controller, especially in the photovoltaic （PV） system in orde...Recently, real-time simulation of renewable energy sources are indispensible for evaluating the performance of the maximum power point tracking （MPPT） controller, especially in the photovoltaic （PV） system in order to reduce cost in the testing phase. Nowadays, real time PV simulators are obtained by using analog and/or digital components. In this paper, a real-time simulation of a PV system with a boost converter was proposed using only the digital signal processor （DSP） processor with two DC voltage sources to emulate the temperature and irradiation in the PV system. A MATLAB/ Simulink environment was used to develop the real-time PV system with a boost converter into a C-program and build it into a DSP controller TMS320F28335. Besides, the performance of the real-time DSP-based PV was tested in different temperature and irradiation conditions to observe the P-V and V-I characteristics. Further, the performance of the PV with a boost converter was tested at different temperatures and irradiations using MPPT algorithms. This scheme was tested through simulation and the results were validated with that of standard conditions given in the PV data sheets. Implementation of this project helped to attract more researchers to study renewable energy applications without real sources. This might facilitate the study of PV systems in a real-time scenario and the evaluation of what should be expected for PV modules available in the market.展开更多
文摘A class of hybrid algorithms of real-time simulation based on evaluation of non-integerstep right-hand side function are presented in this paper. And some results of the convergence and stability of the algorithms are given. Using the class of algorithms, evaluation for the right-hand side function is needed once in every integration-step. Moreover, comparing with the other methods with the same amount of work, their numerical stability regions are larger and the method errors are smaller, and the numerical experiments show that the algorithms are very effective.
文摘In this paper, a mathematical model of real-time simulation is given, and the problem of convergence on real-time Runge-Kutta algorithms is analysed. At last a theorem on the relation between the order of compensation and the convergent order of real-time algorithm is proved.
文摘Developing the control of modem power converters is a very expensive and time-consuming task. Time to market can take unacceptable long. FPGA-based real-time simulation of a power stage with analog measured signals can reduce significantly the cost and time of testing a product. This new approach is known as HIL （hardware-in-the-loop） testing. A general power converter consists of two main parts： a power level （main circuit） and a digital controller unit, which is usually realized by using some kind of DSP. Testing the controller HW and SW is quite problematic： live tests with a completely assembled converter can be dangerous and expensive. A low-power model of the main circuit can be built under laboratory conditions, but it will have parameters （e.g. time constants and relative losses） differing from the ones of the original system. The solution is the HIL simulation of the main circuit. With this method the simulator can be completely transparent for the controller unit, unlike other computer based simulation methods The subject of this paper is to develop such a real-time simulator using FPGA. The modeled circuit is a three-phase inverter, which is widely used in power converters of renewable energy sources.
文摘AC-HVDC-AC energy conversion systems using MMC （modular multilevel converters） are becoming popular to integrate distributed energy systems to the main grid. Such multilevel converters pose a serious problems for HIL （hardware in the loop） simulators required for control, protection design and testing due to the large number of cells that must be simulated individually using very small time steps. This paper demonstrates the advantages of using a very small time step to simulate a MMC topology. The MMC is implemented on FPGA （fiel-programmable gate array） to simulate fast transient with a time step of 250 ns. The AC network and HVDC bus is simulated on the PC, with a slower time step of 10 μs to 20 μs. The simulator architecture and the components simulated on the FPGA and on the PC will be discussed, as well as the method allowing the interconnection of this slow and fast system.
基金Foundation item： Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China and The Civil Aviation （60776812）
文摘This article deals with real-time hi-fi simulation of large aircraft flying in turbulent wind in a simulator to study its takeoff and landing behavior in microburst wind shear. A parameterized three-dimensional （3D） microburst model is built up on the basis of vortex ring and Rankine vortex principle. Complicated microburst wind fields are simulated by means of vortex ring declination and multi-vortex superposition. Based on the modeling data of Boeing 747-100, a dynamic model with wind shear effects considered is established and a general method to modify the aerodynamic model is proposed. A controller for longitudinal and lateral escapes is designed and verified in simulated microburst wind field. Results indicate that, with high extensibility, reasonability and effectiveness, the 3D microburst model with wind shear effects considered is fit to simulate real wind fields. Different escape schemes can be adopted to fly through a wind field from different locations. The model can be used for real-time flight simulation in a flight simulator.
基金National Nature Science Foundation of China (50378086) Commonweal Foundation of the Ministry of Science and+1 种基金Technology (2003DIB2J099) key project of China EarthquakeAdministrationduring the tenth Five-year Plan.
文摘With the development of accelerograph, strong ground motion data can be widely applied to many fields. Especially, it is an important milestone for strong motion observation to expand application fields into earthquake monitoring that real-time simulation of ground displacement can be obtained by strong motion records for determining three earthquake parameters. For the purpose of application, on the basis of principle of seismic response of single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system, this paper presents a suit of formula of simulating ground displacement records by using strong ground motion records with the help of simulator of SDOF system. The research results show that the technique is very efficient and can be widely applied to earthquake monitoring.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61272024)
文摘This paper extends the SPH method to gas simulation. The SPH （Smoothed Particles Hydrodynamics） method is the most popular method of flow simulation, which is widely used in large-scale liquid simulation. However, it is not found to apply to gas simulation, since those methods based on SPH can＇t be used in real-time simulation due to their enormous particles and huge computation. This paper proposes a method for gas simulation based on SPH with a small number of particles. Firstly, the method computes the position and density of each particle in each point-in-time, and outlines the shape of the simulated gas based on those particles. Secondly the method uses the grid technique to refine the shape with the diffusion of particle＇s density under the control of grid, and get more lifelike simulation result. Each grid will be assigned density according to the particles in it. The density determines the final appearance of the grid. For ensuring the natural transition of the color between adjacent grids, we give a diffuse process of density between these grids and assign appropriate values to vertexes of these grids. The experimental results show that the proposed method can give better gas simulation and meet the request of real-time.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.52178114Jiangsu Association for Science and Technology Youth Science and Technology Talent Support Project No.2021-79。
文摘Local control parameters such as instantaneous delay and instantaneous amplitude play an essential role in evaluating the performance and maintaining the stability of real-time hybrid simulation(RTHS).However,existing methods have limitations in obtaining this local assessment in either the time domain or frequency domain.In this study,the instantaneous frequency is introduced to determine local control parameters for actuator tracking assessment in a real-time hybrid simulation.Instantaneous properties,including amplitude,delay,frequency and phase,are then calculated based on analytic signals translated from actuator tracking signals through the Hilbert transform.Potential issues are discussed and solutions are proposed for calculation of local control parameters.Numerical simulations are first conducted for sinusoidal and chirp signals with time varying amplitude error and delay to demonstrate the potential of the proposed method.Laboratory tests also are conducted for a predefined random signal as well as the RTHS of a single degree of freedom structure with a self-centering viscous damper to experimentally verify the effectiveness of the proposed use of the instantaneous frequency.Results from the ensuing analysis clearly demonstrate that the instantaneous frequency provides great potential for local control assessment,and the proposed method enables local tracking parameters with good accuracy.
文摘A model suitable for describing the mechanical response of thin elastic objects is proposed to simulate the deformation of guide wires in minimally invasive interventions. The main objective of this simulation is to provide doctors an opportunity to rehearse the surgery and select an optimal operation plan before the real surgery. In this model the guide wire is discretized with the multi-body representation and its elastic energy derivate from elastic theory is a polynomial function of the nodal displacements. The vascular structure is represented by a tetrahedron mesh extended from the triangular mesh of the artery, which can be extracted from the patient＇s CT image data. The model applies the energy decline process of the conjugate gradient method to the deformation simulation of the guide wire. Experimental results show that the polynomial relationship between elastic energy and nodal displacements tremendously simplifies the evaluation of the conjugate gradient method and significantly improves the model＇s efficiency. Compared with models depending on an explicit scheme for evaluation, the new model is not only non-conditionally stable but also more efficient. The model can be applied to the real-time simulation of guide wire in a vascular structure.
基金This project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 19871080).
文摘In this paper a class of real-time parallel modified Rosenbrock methods of numerical simulation is constructed for stiff dynamic systems on a multiprocessor system, and convergence and numerical stability of these methods are discussed. A-stable real-time parallel formula of two-stage third-order and A(α)-stable real-time parallel formula with o ≈ 89.96° of three-stage fourth-order are particularly given. The numerical simulation experiments in parallel environment show that the class of algorithms is efficient and applicable, with greater speedup.
基金supported by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(BX20200221,2020 M671122)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFE012784)National Natural Science Foundation of China(51877133).
文摘The electric vehicle(EV)charging station is a critical part of the infrastructure for the wide adoption of EVs.Realtime simulation of an EV station plays an essential role in testing its operation under different operating modes.However,the large numbers of high-frequency power electronic switches contained in EV chargers pose great challenges for real-time simulation.This paper proposes a compact electromagnetic transient program(C-EMTP)algorithm for FPGA-based real-time simulation of an EV station with multiple high-frequency chargers.The C-EMTP algorithm transforms the traditional EMTP algorithm into two parallel sub-tasks only consisting of simple matrix operations,to fully utilize the high parallelism of FPGA.The simulation time step can be greatly reduced compared with that of the traditional EMTP algorithm,and so the simulation accuracy for high-frequency power electronics is improved.The EV chargers can be decoupled with each other and simulated in parallel.A CPU-FPGA-based realtime simulation platform is developed and the proposed simulation of the EV station is implemented.The control strategy is simulated in a CPU with 100μs time-step,while the EV station circuit topology is simulated in a single FPGA with a 250 ns time-step.In the case studies,the EV station consists of a two-level rectifier and five dual-active bridge(DAB)EV chargers.It is tested under different scenarios,and the real-time simulation results are validated using PSCAD/EMTDC.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2017YFB1302900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81971709,M-0019,and 82011530141)+2 种基金the Foundation of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Nos.19510712200,and 20490740700)the Shanghai Jiao Tong University Foundation on Medical and Technological Joint Science Research(Nos.ZH2018ZDA15,YG2019ZDA06,and ZH2018QNA23)the 2020 Key Research Project of Xiamen Municipal Government(No.3502Z20201030)。
文摘Virtual reality-based surgery simulation is becoming popular with the development of minimally invasive abdominal surgery,where deformable soft tissue is modelled and simulated.The mass-spring model(MSM)and finite element method(FEM)are common methods used in the simulation of soft tissue deformation.However,MSM has an issue concerning accuracy,while FEM has a problem with efficiency.To achieve higher accuracy and efficiency at the same time,we applied a co-rotational FEM in the simulation of a kidney with a tumour inside,achieving a real-time and accurate deformation simulation.In addition,we set a multi-model representation for mechanical simulation and visual rendering.The implicit Euler method and conjugate gradient method were adopted for setting and solving the linear system.For a realistic simulation of surgery,constraints outside the kidney and between the kidney and tumour were set with two series of mechanical properties for the two models.Experiments were conducted to validate the accuracy and real-time performance.
基金supported by the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2014ZC09002)
文摘An environment control and life support system（ECLSS） is an important system in a space station. The ECLSS is a typical complex system, and the real-time simulation technology can help to accelerate its research process by using distributed hardware in a loop simulation system. An implicit fixed time step numerical integration method is recommended for a real-time simulation system with time-varying parameters. However, its computational efficiency is too low to satisfy the real-time data interaction, especially for the complex ECLSS system running on a PC cluster. The instability problem of an explicit method strongly limits its application in the ECLSS real-time simulation although it has a high computational efficiency. This paper proposes an improved numerical simulation method to overcome the instability problem based on the explicit Euler method. A temperature and humidity control subsystem（THCS） is firstly established, and its numerical stability is analyzed by using the eigenvalue estimation theory. Furthermore, an adaptive operator is proposed to avoid the potential instability problem. The stability and accuracy of the proposed method are investigated carefully. Simulation results show that this proposed method can provide a good way for some complex time-variant systems to run their real-time simulation on a PC cluster.
文摘In this paper parallel Rosenbrock methods in real-time simulation are presented on parallel computers. Their construction, their convergence and their numerical stability are studied, and the numerical simulation experiments are conducted on a personal computer and a parallel computer respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
文摘Recently, real-time simulation of renewable energy sources are indispensible for evaluating the performance of the maximum power point tracking （MPPT） controller, especially in the photovoltaic （PV） system in order to reduce cost in the testing phase. Nowadays, real time PV simulators are obtained by using analog and/or digital components. In this paper, a real-time simulation of a PV system with a boost converter was proposed using only the digital signal processor （DSP） processor with two DC voltage sources to emulate the temperature and irradiation in the PV system. A MATLAB/ Simulink environment was used to develop the real-time PV system with a boost converter into a C-program and build it into a DSP controller TMS320F28335. Besides, the performance of the real-time DSP-based PV was tested in different temperature and irradiation conditions to observe the P-V and V-I characteristics. Further, the performance of the PV with a boost converter was tested at different temperatures and irradiations using MPPT algorithms. This scheme was tested through simulation and the results were validated with that of standard conditions given in the PV data sheets. Implementation of this project helped to attract more researchers to study renewable energy applications without real sources. This might facilitate the study of PV systems in a real-time scenario and the evaluation of what should be expected for PV modules available in the market.
