This paper presents an adaptive rationalized Haar function approximation method to obtain the optimal injection strategy for alkali-surfactant-polymer(ASP) flooding. In this process, the non-uniform control vector par...This paper presents an adaptive rationalized Haar function approximation method to obtain the optimal injection strategy for alkali-surfactant-polymer(ASP) flooding. In this process, the non-uniform control vector parameterization is introduced to convert original problem into a multistage optimization problem, in which a new normalized time variable is adopted on the combination of the subinterval length. Then the rationalized Haar function approximation method, in which an auxiliary function is introduced to dispose path constraints, is used to transform the multistage problem into a nonlinear programming. Furthermore, an adaptive strategy proposed on the basis of errors is adopted to regulate the order of Haar function vectors. Finally, the nonlinear programming for ASP flooding is solved by sequential quadratic programming. To illustrate the performance of proposed method,the experimental comparison method and control vector parameterization(CVP) method are introduced to optimize the original problem directly. By contrastive analysis of results, the accuracy and efficiency of proposed method are confirmed.展开更多
LI Dong’s group from the Institute of Biophysics(IBP)of the Chinese Academy of Science,in collaboration with DAI Qionghai’s group from the Department of Automation of Tsinghua University and Dr.Jennifer Lippincott-S...LI Dong’s group from the Institute of Biophysics(IBP)of the Chinese Academy of Science,in collaboration with DAI Qionghai’s group from the Department of Automation of Tsinghua University and Dr.Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute(HHMI)devised the rationalized deep learning super-resolution microscopy(rDL-SRM).The related study was published in Nature Biotechnology on October 6,2022,entitled“Rationalized deep learning super-resolution microscopy for sustained live imaging of rapid subcellular processes”.展开更多
Let X be a closed simply connected rationally elliptic 4-manifold.The rational homotopy type of homotopy fixed point sets X^(hS^(1))is determined,and based on some relations between X^(hS^(1))and X^(S^(1)),the rationa...Let X be a closed simply connected rationally elliptic 4-manifold.The rational homotopy type of homotopy fixed point sets X^(hS^(1))is determined,and based on some relations between X^(hS^(1))and X^(S^(1)),the rational homotopy type of the fixed point set X^(S^(1))is determined.展开更多
This research aims to understand the causes of fraud through the approach of the Fraud Triangle Theory,which includes three main factors:pressure,opportunity,rationalization.By using the Systematic Literature Review m...This research aims to understand the causes of fraud through the approach of the Fraud Triangle Theory,which includes three main factors:pressure,opportunity,rationalization.By using the Systematic Literature Review method from various relevant international journals,it analyzed systematically to identify patterns,trends,and theoretical contributions to efforts in detecting and preventing fraud.The results of this study show that the three factors in the Fraud Triangle Theory significantly contribute to the occurrence of fraud.Opportunity as the most dominant factor is caused by weak internal control systems and lack of oversight.In addition,economic pressure,and a permissive organizational environment,as well as the rationalization processes by individuals,also increase the tendency for a person to commit fraud.These findings emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach in fraud prevention strategies,through ethical values,the establishment of an organizational culture with integrity,and the implementation of more effective internal control and oversight.展开更多
In the successive rise of the metaverse and artificial intelligence(AI),rationalism and emotionalism have consistently manifested as symptoms of modernity throughout their developmental trajectories.This paper argues ...In the successive rise of the metaverse and artificial intelligence(AI),rationalism and emotionalism have consistently manifested as symptoms of modernity throughout their developmental trajectories.This paper argues that the achievements and crises of both fields signify the triumph of rationalism in the context of deepening modernity,while simultaneously harboring an intrinsic impetus and possibility for transitioning from rationalism to emotionalism.This dynamic serves as a quintessential representation of modernity’s crises and their transcendence.Centered on embodied cognitive science,AI and the metaverse—rooted in rationalism—now face challenges in shifting toward emotionalism,revealing their inadequacy in addressing this shift.Humanity must explore new modernity-deepening paradigms grounded in emotionalism to confront and transcend the potential crises posed by the metaverse and AI.展开更多
Background:Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-lymphocyte ration(PLR)have been shown to contribute to tumour progression and response to therapy.Methods:We retrospectively counted NLR and PLR in 719 patients ...Background:Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-lymphocyte ration(PLR)have been shown to contribute to tumour progression and response to therapy.Methods:We retrospectively counted NLR and PLR in 719 patients with advanced malignancies receiving chemo-and/or immuno-therapy.Results:Both the pretreatment NLR and PLR were significantly elevated in patients with progressive disease than in those without progressive disease.Compared to low groups,the high NLR and PLR groups showed significantly worse event free survival.Conclusion:We propose that NLR and PLR are not only effective blood markers for predicting therapeutic responses to chemo-and/or immuno-therapy,but also useful in detecting survival in diverse malignancies.展开更多
Heparin,a glycosaminoglycan,is a stable source of carbon that supports the growth of microorganisms in the human intestine.It is also a commonly used anticoagulant drug in clinical practice,with significant therapeuti...Heparin,a glycosaminoglycan,is a stable source of carbon that supports the growth of microorganisms in the human intestine.It is also a commonly used anticoagulant drug in clinical practice,with significant therapeutic effects.Low molecular weight heparin(LMWH)is a highly active low molecular weight fragment obtained via enzymatic reaction or the chemical degradation of heparin.LMWH has been applied globally in the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism in thrombosis patients.Simultaneously,as a potential prebiotic,because of its low molecular weight,LMWH can be well degraded by the gut microbiota to maintain intestinal balance.Enzymatic heparin degradation has recently emerged as a viable disposal method for LMWH preparation;however,only very few benchmark enzymes have been thoroughly described and subjected to protein engineering to improve their properties over the past few years.The commercialization of enzymes will require the development of robustly engineered enzymes that meet the demands of industrial processes.Herein,we report a rational protein engineering strategy that includes molecular dynamic simulations of flexible amino acid mutations and disulfide bond screening.Several Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron heparanase I(Bt-HepI)mutants were obtained and screened for high thermal stability.We obtained the Bt-HepI^(D204C/K208C/H189W/Q198R)variant,which features a stabilized protein surface structure,with a 1.3-fold increase in catalytic constant/michaelis-menten constant(k_(cat)/K_(m)),a 2.44-fold increase in thermal stability at 50℃,and a 1.8-fold decrease in the average molecular weight of LMWH produced at 40℃compared with that seen with Bt-HepI^(WT).Our study establishes a strategy to engineer thermostable HepI to underpin its industrial applications.展开更多
This study investigates the dark side of the non-fungible token(NFT)marketplace,with a focus on understanding the risks,and underlying factors driving fraud in the NFT ecosystem.Using the fraud triangle framework,this...This study investigates the dark side of the non-fungible token(NFT)marketplace,with a focus on understanding the risks,and underlying factors driving fraud in the NFT ecosystem.Using the fraud triangle framework,this study examines pressure,opportunity,and rationalization from individual and organizational perspectives.The research provides a comprehensive understanding of the contributing factors to NFT marketplace fraud by analyzing the reasons behind fraudulent actions.A conceptual framework is developed that includes ten propositions to aid in understanding the complexity of this issue.This study’s outcomes will assist policymakers in crafting efficient approaches to mitigate fraud within the NFT marketplace.展开更多
Chlorobenzene is a model molecule for researching harmful chlorinated volatile organic compounds.Designing the chemical adsorption site for complex molecules such as chlorobenzene is challenging without a large datase...Chlorobenzene is a model molecule for researching harmful chlorinated volatile organic compounds.Designing the chemical adsorption site for complex molecules such as chlorobenzene is challenging without a large dataset and reasonable descriptors.Here,the adsorption of chlorobenzene on a phosphorylated CeO_(2)catalyst was analyzed using density functional theory calculations.Three different surface phosphate(H_(x)PO_(4))models were constructed and used to adsorb chlorobenzene.An orbital interaction with fully occupied antibonding is found in one of three physical adsorptions.Based on this,the surface sites of a tri-cluster(M_(3))located at the CeO_(2)surface have been suggested to activate chlorobenzene.Three different clusters have been tested,namely Fe_(3),Ru_(3),and B_(3).All these clusters can activate and twist chlorobenzene by donating electrons.Fe_(3)and Ru_(3)form bonds with weak covalent and strong ionic characters,while B3forms strong covalent bonds between boron and carbon.This work not only predicts a class of sites for chlorobenzene activation that may prevent polychlorinated by-products but also gives a template for catalyst rational design according to fundamental catalytic theory.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the positive impact of pharmaceutical care in the ophthalmology perioperative period on the rational use of antibiotics.Methods:A total of 115 patients who underwent ophthalmological surgery betwe...Objective:To analyze the positive impact of pharmaceutical care in the ophthalmology perioperative period on the rational use of antibiotics.Methods:A total of 115 patients who underwent ophthalmological surgery between March and June 2023 were selected as the control group,receiving routine medication management.Another 115 patients who underwent ophthalmological surgery between July and October 2023 were selected as the observation group,receiving pharmaceutical care.The rationality of medication use,mastery of medication knowledge,medication compliance,and adverse reaction rates were compared between the two groups.Results:The observation group had higher rationality of medication use,higher scores for mastery of medication knowledge,higher medication compliance,and a lower adverse reaction rate compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of antibiotic therapy and pharmaceutical care in the ophthalmology perioperative period can improve the rationality of medication use,enhance patients’mastery of medication knowledge,increase their medication compliance,and prevent adverse reactions to antibiotics.展开更多
Dual-atom catalysts(DACs),a natural extension of single-atom catalysts(SACs),have emerged as a prominent focal point in the field of heterogeneous catalysis,particularly in the context of chemical and energy conversio...Dual-atom catalysts(DACs),a natural extension of single-atom catalysts(SACs),have emerged as a prominent focal point in the field of heterogeneous catalysis,particularly in the context of chemical and energy conversion processes.Despite the fact that the catalytic activity of DACs is significantly modulated by the electronic structure of the catalyst,understanding how electron spin states are affected by variations in topology and geometric structure remains challenging and relatively unexplored.Herein,we propose the rational design of stable DACs composed of two iron atoms anchored on pristine graphdiyne(GDY),Fe_(2)-GDYn.A comprehensive and systematic investigation was carried out to elucidate the electronic configuration and spin states involved in the deliberate convergence towards the magnetic ground state,with the aim of uncovering the structure-spin relationship.Through an in-depth analysis of spin populations,electronic localization/delocalization,and the chemical bonding characteristics of the central metal atoms and the GDY skeleton,it was revealed that the spin coupling between the two iron atoms is preponderantly dictated by adjacent short-range Fe-Fe interactions.Conversely,spin decoupling can be attributed to the long-rangeπ-bond component within the linkage.Moreover,geometric and chemical bonding asymmetries were found to induce orbital and spin splitting in iron atoms possessing an electronic configuration of d8.These findings provide important insights into the relationship between topology and spin,thereby presenting novel strategies for the rational design of spin-manipulated DACs.展开更多
Objective To establish a drug use evaluation(DUE)standard for meropenem in a tertiary medical institution in Beijing,and to analyze the use of meropenem for promoting the rational use of antibiotics.Methods A criteria...Objective To establish a drug use evaluation(DUE)standard for meropenem in a tertiary medical institution in Beijing,and to analyze the use of meropenem for promoting the rational use of antibiotics.Methods A criteria of DUE of meropenem was established based on drug instructions,related guidelines and experts’opinions.Then,120 cases of meropenem use from January to December 2021 were selected to carry out a retrospective study.Results and Conclusion 120 cases of meropenem use involved 8 clinical departments,including 38 cases in the Department of Respiratory Medicine,25 cases in the Department of Tuberculosis,and 20 cases in the Department of Gastroenterology.The detection rate of pathogenic microorganisms before first use was 79.17%,and the clinical treatment effectiveness rate was 81.67%.The irrational use of meropenem included poor grasp of usage indications,excessively high starting points,inappropriate usage and dosage,non-standard treatment courses,and excessive combination medication.Pharmacists should strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of carbapenem drugs such as meropenem,provide timely feedback on relevant situations,and promote rational clinical medication.展开更多
Objective:To analyze the effect of pharmacist-led rational drug use management of antibiotics during the perioperative period in gynecology.Methods:Two hundred patients who underwent gynecological surgery between Marc...Objective:To analyze the effect of pharmacist-led rational drug use management of antibiotics during the perioperative period in gynecology.Methods:Two hundred patients who underwent gynecological surgery between March 2023 and December 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups.In the experimental group,the pharmacist led the medication management during the perioperative use of antibiotics,while the control group received routine antibiotic management.The management effects were compared between the two groups.Results:The irrational drug use rate,the incidence of adverse drug reactions,the cost of antibiotics,and the incidence of postoperative infection were all lower in the experimental group compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing pharmacist-led medication management during the perioperative period of gynecological surgery can prevent irrational drug use,reduce adverse drug reactions,control drug costs,and lower the risk of postoperative infection.展开更多
Objective:To explore the intervention value of the medical institution prescription review mechanism on the rationality of Western medicine use.Methods:A total of 159 patients(with 159 western medicine prescriptions)a...Objective:To explore the intervention value of the medical institution prescription review mechanism on the rationality of Western medicine use.Methods:A total of 159 patients(with 159 western medicine prescriptions)admitted to the hospital from January 2023 to December 2024 were selected and divided into an observation group(n=80,adopting the medical institution prescription review mechanism)and a control group(n=79,without prescription review)based on the random number table method.A comparative analysis was conducted on the work quality of medical personnel,irrational prescription drug use,and prescription drug dispensing situations.Results:The work quality of medical personnel in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of irrational prescription drug use in the observation group(22.50%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(7.59%)(P<0.05).The observation group had fewer types of prescribed drugs,lower usage rates of injections and antibiotics,and a significantly higher usage rate of national essential drugs compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The prescription review mechanism can significantly improve the work quality of medical personnel,increase the detection rate of irrational drug use,reduce the types of prescription drugs and the use of injections and antibiotics,and promote the standardized application of national essential drugs,which has important intervention value.展开更多
This paper examines the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West through the lens of rational choice theory,with a particular focus on the logic of cultivation and behavioral decision-making.By incorporating the noti...This paper examines the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West through the lens of rational choice theory,with a particular focus on the logic of cultivation and behavioral decision-making.By incorporating the notion of“inner cultivation”(xin xing xiulian)into the analytical framework,we introduce the concept of the“cultivating economic agent,”aiming to explore how rationality is generated,evolved,and transcended throughout the spiritual journey.The study argues that,in the context of Eastern culture,rationality is not merely an innate or static faculty but one that can be cultivated and transformed.Through textual analysis of the behavioral trajectories of Sun Wukong,Zhu Bajie,and Tang Sanzang,we uncover a structured behavioral logic of“goal orientation–institutional discipline–purification of the mind.”The findings suggest that although cultivation behaviors are not utilitarian decisions per se,they exhibit rational characteristics such as goal stability,autonomous will,and embedded incentives.展开更多
Objective:Irrational medicine consumption practices increase the country's health expenditures and raise public health concerns,challenging sustainable development in multiple ways.The objective of this study is t...Objective:Irrational medicine consumption practices increase the country's health expenditures and raise public health concerns,challenging sustainable development in multiple ways.The objective of this study is to identify the key factors influencing irrational medicine consumption and devise a strategic framework to encourage responsible medicine use.Method:A cross-sectional qualitative descriptive design was used.Study data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis to identify the key factors contributing to irrational medicine consumption.Results:Various factors like cyberchondria coupled with health misinformation,inaccessible healthcare,limited product choices,misleading online pharmacies,and infeasible pharmaceutical regulations act as key drivers of irresponsible medicine consumption.The participants recommended enhancing healthcare access,utilizing technology,promoting health literacy,and updating regulations as strategies to improve responsible medicine use.Against this backdrop,the study proposes a double helix model for responsible consumption of medicines through bilateral efforts from both consumers and the health system.Conclusion:Highlighting the importance of responsible consumption,this paper calls health system actors to action to accelerate the efforts to foster responsible consumption of medicines.展开更多
The(2+1)-dimensional integrable generalization of the Gardner(2DG)equation is solved via the inverse scattering transform method in this paper.A kind of general solution of the equation is obtained by introducing long...The(2+1)-dimensional integrable generalization of the Gardner(2DG)equation is solved via the inverse scattering transform method in this paper.A kind of general solution of the equation is obtained by introducing long derivatives V_(x),V_(y),V_(t).Two different constraints on the kernel function K are introduced under the reality of the solution u of the 2DG equation.Then,two classes of exact solutions with constant asymptotic values at infinity u|x^(2)+y^(2)→∞→0 are constructed by means of the∂¯-dressing method for the casesσ=1 andσ=i.The rational and multiple pole solutions of the 2DG equation are obtained with the kernel functions of zero-order and higher-order Dirac delta functions,respectively.展开更多
Objective:To explore the adverse reactions associated with antibiotics and analyze strategies for their rational use.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 patients who experienced adverse reactions to a...Objective:To explore the adverse reactions associated with antibiotics and analyze strategies for their rational use.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 patients who experienced adverse reactions to antibiotics between August 2021 and August 2023.The types of antibiotics that caused adverse reactions were analyzed,and the symptoms of adverse reactions and measures for rational use of antibiotics were summarized.Results:Among the analyzed cases of adverse reactions to antibiotics,the highest rate was observed in patients aged 61–75 years,accounting for 38.33%,followed by patients aged 51–60 years,accounting for 20.00%.In terms of the types of antibiotics that caused adverse reactions,cephalosporins were the most common,accounting for 40.00%,followed by penicillins,accounting for 18.33%.Analysis of the systems involved in adverse reactions showed that skin and appendage disorders were the most common,accounting for 36.67%,followed by the digestive system,accounting for 28.33%.Conclusion:Irrational use of antibiotics can lead to adverse drug reactions.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze strategies for the rational use of antibiotics to reduce adverse drug reactions and ensure the safety of antibiotic use.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61573378)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(15CX06064A)
文摘This paper presents an adaptive rationalized Haar function approximation method to obtain the optimal injection strategy for alkali-surfactant-polymer(ASP) flooding. In this process, the non-uniform control vector parameterization is introduced to convert original problem into a multistage optimization problem, in which a new normalized time variable is adopted on the combination of the subinterval length. Then the rationalized Haar function approximation method, in which an auxiliary function is introduced to dispose path constraints, is used to transform the multistage problem into a nonlinear programming. Furthermore, an adaptive strategy proposed on the basis of errors is adopted to regulate the order of Haar function vectors. Finally, the nonlinear programming for ASP flooding is solved by sequential quadratic programming. To illustrate the performance of proposed method,the experimental comparison method and control vector parameterization(CVP) method are introduced to optimize the original problem directly. By contrastive analysis of results, the accuracy and efficiency of proposed method are confirmed.
文摘LI Dong’s group from the Institute of Biophysics(IBP)of the Chinese Academy of Science,in collaboration with DAI Qionghai’s group from the Department of Automation of Tsinghua University and Dr.Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz from the Howard Hughes Medical Institute(HHMI)devised the rationalized deep learning super-resolution microscopy(rDL-SRM).The related study was published in Nature Biotechnology on October 6,2022,entitled“Rationalized deep learning super-resolution microscopy for sustained live imaging of rapid subcellular processes”.
文摘Let X be a closed simply connected rationally elliptic 4-manifold.The rational homotopy type of homotopy fixed point sets X^(hS^(1))is determined,and based on some relations between X^(hS^(1))and X^(S^(1)),the rational homotopy type of the fixed point set X^(S^(1))is determined.
文摘This research aims to understand the causes of fraud through the approach of the Fraud Triangle Theory,which includes three main factors:pressure,opportunity,rationalization.By using the Systematic Literature Review method from various relevant international journals,it analyzed systematically to identify patterns,trends,and theoretical contributions to efforts in detecting and preventing fraud.The results of this study show that the three factors in the Fraud Triangle Theory significantly contribute to the occurrence of fraud.Opportunity as the most dominant factor is caused by weak internal control systems and lack of oversight.In addition,economic pressure,and a permissive organizational environment,as well as the rationalization processes by individuals,also increase the tendency for a person to commit fraud.These findings emphasize the need for a comprehensive approach in fraud prevention strategies,through ethical values,the establishment of an organizational culture with integrity,and the implementation of more effective internal control and oversight.
基金supported by the China Metaverse and Digital Talent Development Initiative and the general project of the National Social Science Foundation of China titled“Theoretical Interpretation of Advertising Messaging and the Development of a Typical Case Database”(19BXW085).
文摘In the successive rise of the metaverse and artificial intelligence(AI),rationalism and emotionalism have consistently manifested as symptoms of modernity throughout their developmental trajectories.This paper argues that the achievements and crises of both fields signify the triumph of rationalism in the context of deepening modernity,while simultaneously harboring an intrinsic impetus and possibility for transitioning from rationalism to emotionalism.This dynamic serves as a quintessential representation of modernity’s crises and their transcendence.Centered on embodied cognitive science,AI and the metaverse—rooted in rationalism—now face challenges in shifting toward emotionalism,revealing their inadequacy in addressing this shift.Humanity must explore new modernity-deepening paradigms grounded in emotionalism to confront and transcend the potential crises posed by the metaverse and AI.
基金supported by the project of Young Technical Talents of Tianjin Medical University General Hospital(GG-2021-08).
文摘Background:Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR)and platelet-lymphocyte ration(PLR)have been shown to contribute to tumour progression and response to therapy.Methods:We retrospectively counted NLR and PLR in 719 patients with advanced malignancies receiving chemo-and/or immuno-therapy.Results:Both the pretreatment NLR and PLR were significantly elevated in patients with progressive disease than in those without progressive disease.Compared to low groups,the high NLR and PLR groups showed significantly worse event free survival.Conclusion:We propose that NLR and PLR are not only effective blood markers for predicting therapeutic responses to chemo-and/or immuno-therapy,but also useful in detecting survival in diverse malignancies.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BE2021623,BK20220155)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BE2021623)+4 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(32001665,U1903205,32021005)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YF0400303)the Key Scientific and Technological Research Projects in the Key Areas of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps(2018AB010)the Key Research and Development 303 Program of Ningxia(2020BFG02012)Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province。
文摘Heparin,a glycosaminoglycan,is a stable source of carbon that supports the growth of microorganisms in the human intestine.It is also a commonly used anticoagulant drug in clinical practice,with significant therapeutic effects.Low molecular weight heparin(LMWH)is a highly active low molecular weight fragment obtained via enzymatic reaction or the chemical degradation of heparin.LMWH has been applied globally in the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism in thrombosis patients.Simultaneously,as a potential prebiotic,because of its low molecular weight,LMWH can be well degraded by the gut microbiota to maintain intestinal balance.Enzymatic heparin degradation has recently emerged as a viable disposal method for LMWH preparation;however,only very few benchmark enzymes have been thoroughly described and subjected to protein engineering to improve their properties over the past few years.The commercialization of enzymes will require the development of robustly engineered enzymes that meet the demands of industrial processes.Herein,we report a rational protein engineering strategy that includes molecular dynamic simulations of flexible amino acid mutations and disulfide bond screening.Several Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron heparanase I(Bt-HepI)mutants were obtained and screened for high thermal stability.We obtained the Bt-HepI^(D204C/K208C/H189W/Q198R)variant,which features a stabilized protein surface structure,with a 1.3-fold increase in catalytic constant/michaelis-menten constant(k_(cat)/K_(m)),a 2.44-fold increase in thermal stability at 50℃,and a 1.8-fold decrease in the average molecular weight of LMWH produced at 40℃compared with that seen with Bt-HepI^(WT).Our study establishes a strategy to engineer thermostable HepI to underpin its industrial applications.
文摘This study investigates the dark side of the non-fungible token(NFT)marketplace,with a focus on understanding the risks,and underlying factors driving fraud in the NFT ecosystem.Using the fraud triangle framework,this study examines pressure,opportunity,and rationalization from individual and organizational perspectives.The research provides a comprehensive understanding of the contributing factors to NFT marketplace fraud by analyzing the reasons behind fraudulent actions.A conceptual framework is developed that includes ten propositions to aid in understanding the complexity of this issue.This study’s outcomes will assist policymakers in crafting efficient approaches to mitigate fraud within the NFT marketplace.
基金the support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFA1508500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22276120)。
文摘Chlorobenzene is a model molecule for researching harmful chlorinated volatile organic compounds.Designing the chemical adsorption site for complex molecules such as chlorobenzene is challenging without a large dataset and reasonable descriptors.Here,the adsorption of chlorobenzene on a phosphorylated CeO_(2)catalyst was analyzed using density functional theory calculations.Three different surface phosphate(H_(x)PO_(4))models were constructed and used to adsorb chlorobenzene.An orbital interaction with fully occupied antibonding is found in one of three physical adsorptions.Based on this,the surface sites of a tri-cluster(M_(3))located at the CeO_(2)surface have been suggested to activate chlorobenzene.Three different clusters have been tested,namely Fe_(3),Ru_(3),and B_(3).All these clusters can activate and twist chlorobenzene by donating electrons.Fe_(3)and Ru_(3)form bonds with weak covalent and strong ionic characters,while B3forms strong covalent bonds between boron and carbon.This work not only predicts a class of sites for chlorobenzene activation that may prevent polychlorinated by-products but also gives a template for catalyst rational design according to fundamental catalytic theory.
文摘Objective:To analyze the positive impact of pharmaceutical care in the ophthalmology perioperative period on the rational use of antibiotics.Methods:A total of 115 patients who underwent ophthalmological surgery between March and June 2023 were selected as the control group,receiving routine medication management.Another 115 patients who underwent ophthalmological surgery between July and October 2023 were selected as the observation group,receiving pharmaceutical care.The rationality of medication use,mastery of medication knowledge,medication compliance,and adverse reaction rates were compared between the two groups.Results:The observation group had higher rationality of medication use,higher scores for mastery of medication knowledge,higher medication compliance,and a lower adverse reaction rate compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination of antibiotic therapy and pharmaceutical care in the ophthalmology perioperative period can improve the rationality of medication use,enhance patients’mastery of medication knowledge,increase their medication compliance,and prevent adverse reactions to antibiotics.
文摘Dual-atom catalysts(DACs),a natural extension of single-atom catalysts(SACs),have emerged as a prominent focal point in the field of heterogeneous catalysis,particularly in the context of chemical and energy conversion processes.Despite the fact that the catalytic activity of DACs is significantly modulated by the electronic structure of the catalyst,understanding how electron spin states are affected by variations in topology and geometric structure remains challenging and relatively unexplored.Herein,we propose the rational design of stable DACs composed of two iron atoms anchored on pristine graphdiyne(GDY),Fe_(2)-GDYn.A comprehensive and systematic investigation was carried out to elucidate the electronic configuration and spin states involved in the deliberate convergence towards the magnetic ground state,with the aim of uncovering the structure-spin relationship.Through an in-depth analysis of spin populations,electronic localization/delocalization,and the chemical bonding characteristics of the central metal atoms and the GDY skeleton,it was revealed that the spin coupling between the two iron atoms is preponderantly dictated by adjacent short-range Fe-Fe interactions.Conversely,spin decoupling can be attributed to the long-rangeπ-bond component within the linkage.Moreover,geometric and chemical bonding asymmetries were found to induce orbital and spin splitting in iron atoms possessing an electronic configuration of d8.These findings provide important insights into the relationship between topology and spin,thereby presenting novel strategies for the rational design of spin-manipulated DACs.
文摘Objective To establish a drug use evaluation(DUE)standard for meropenem in a tertiary medical institution in Beijing,and to analyze the use of meropenem for promoting the rational use of antibiotics.Methods A criteria of DUE of meropenem was established based on drug instructions,related guidelines and experts’opinions.Then,120 cases of meropenem use from January to December 2021 were selected to carry out a retrospective study.Results and Conclusion 120 cases of meropenem use involved 8 clinical departments,including 38 cases in the Department of Respiratory Medicine,25 cases in the Department of Tuberculosis,and 20 cases in the Department of Gastroenterology.The detection rate of pathogenic microorganisms before first use was 79.17%,and the clinical treatment effectiveness rate was 81.67%.The irrational use of meropenem included poor grasp of usage indications,excessively high starting points,inappropriate usage and dosage,non-standard treatment courses,and excessive combination medication.Pharmacists should strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of carbapenem drugs such as meropenem,provide timely feedback on relevant situations,and promote rational clinical medication.
文摘Objective:To analyze the effect of pharmacist-led rational drug use management of antibiotics during the perioperative period in gynecology.Methods:Two hundred patients who underwent gynecological surgery between March 2023 and December 2023 were selected and randomly divided into two groups.In the experimental group,the pharmacist led the medication management during the perioperative use of antibiotics,while the control group received routine antibiotic management.The management effects were compared between the two groups.Results:The irrational drug use rate,the incidence of adverse drug reactions,the cost of antibiotics,and the incidence of postoperative infection were all lower in the experimental group compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing pharmacist-led medication management during the perioperative period of gynecological surgery can prevent irrational drug use,reduce adverse drug reactions,control drug costs,and lower the risk of postoperative infection.
文摘Objective:To explore the intervention value of the medical institution prescription review mechanism on the rationality of Western medicine use.Methods:A total of 159 patients(with 159 western medicine prescriptions)admitted to the hospital from January 2023 to December 2024 were selected and divided into an observation group(n=80,adopting the medical institution prescription review mechanism)and a control group(n=79,without prescription review)based on the random number table method.A comparative analysis was conducted on the work quality of medical personnel,irrational prescription drug use,and prescription drug dispensing situations.Results:The work quality of medical personnel in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of irrational prescription drug use in the observation group(22.50%)was significantly higher than that in the control group(7.59%)(P<0.05).The observation group had fewer types of prescribed drugs,lower usage rates of injections and antibiotics,and a significantly higher usage rate of national essential drugs compared to the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The prescription review mechanism can significantly improve the work quality of medical personnel,increase the detection rate of irrational drug use,reduce the types of prescription drugs and the use of injections and antibiotics,and promote the standardized application of national essential drugs,which has important intervention value.
文摘This paper examines the classic Chinese novel Journey to the West through the lens of rational choice theory,with a particular focus on the logic of cultivation and behavioral decision-making.By incorporating the notion of“inner cultivation”(xin xing xiulian)into the analytical framework,we introduce the concept of the“cultivating economic agent,”aiming to explore how rationality is generated,evolved,and transcended throughout the spiritual journey.The study argues that,in the context of Eastern culture,rationality is not merely an innate or static faculty but one that can be cultivated and transformed.Through textual analysis of the behavioral trajectories of Sun Wukong,Zhu Bajie,and Tang Sanzang,we uncover a structured behavioral logic of“goal orientation–institutional discipline–purification of the mind.”The findings suggest that although cultivation behaviors are not utilitarian decisions per se,they exhibit rational characteristics such as goal stability,autonomous will,and embedded incentives.
文摘Objective:Irrational medicine consumption practices increase the country's health expenditures and raise public health concerns,challenging sustainable development in multiple ways.The objective of this study is to identify the key factors influencing irrational medicine consumption and devise a strategic framework to encourage responsible medicine use.Method:A cross-sectional qualitative descriptive design was used.Study data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analysed using thematic analysis to identify the key factors contributing to irrational medicine consumption.Results:Various factors like cyberchondria coupled with health misinformation,inaccessible healthcare,limited product choices,misleading online pharmacies,and infeasible pharmaceutical regulations act as key drivers of irresponsible medicine consumption.The participants recommended enhancing healthcare access,utilizing technology,promoting health literacy,and updating regulations as strategies to improve responsible medicine use.Against this backdrop,the study proposes a double helix model for responsible consumption of medicines through bilateral efforts from both consumers and the health system.Conclusion:Highlighting the importance of responsible consumption,this paper calls health system actors to action to accelerate the efforts to foster responsible consumption of medicines.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.1237125611971475)。
文摘The(2+1)-dimensional integrable generalization of the Gardner(2DG)equation is solved via the inverse scattering transform method in this paper.A kind of general solution of the equation is obtained by introducing long derivatives V_(x),V_(y),V_(t).Two different constraints on the kernel function K are introduced under the reality of the solution u of the 2DG equation.Then,two classes of exact solutions with constant asymptotic values at infinity u|x^(2)+y^(2)→∞→0 are constructed by means of the∂¯-dressing method for the casesσ=1 andσ=i.The rational and multiple pole solutions of the 2DG equation are obtained with the kernel functions of zero-order and higher-order Dirac delta functions,respectively.
文摘Objective:To explore the adverse reactions associated with antibiotics and analyze strategies for their rational use.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 60 patients who experienced adverse reactions to antibiotics between August 2021 and August 2023.The types of antibiotics that caused adverse reactions were analyzed,and the symptoms of adverse reactions and measures for rational use of antibiotics were summarized.Results:Among the analyzed cases of adverse reactions to antibiotics,the highest rate was observed in patients aged 61–75 years,accounting for 38.33%,followed by patients aged 51–60 years,accounting for 20.00%.In terms of the types of antibiotics that caused adverse reactions,cephalosporins were the most common,accounting for 40.00%,followed by penicillins,accounting for 18.33%.Analysis of the systems involved in adverse reactions showed that skin and appendage disorders were the most common,accounting for 36.67%,followed by the digestive system,accounting for 28.33%.Conclusion:Irrational use of antibiotics can lead to adverse drug reactions.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze strategies for the rational use of antibiotics to reduce adverse drug reactions and ensure the safety of antibiotic use.
