[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth in radish（Raphanus sativus L.）.[Method] First,effects of soaking seeds with clear water and different co...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth in radish（Raphanus sativus L.）.[Method] First,effects of soaking seeds with clear water and different concentrations of saline solution were compared; then,different concentrations of salt solution （0.2％-1.0％） was used to treat radish during the whole germination period.[Result] soaking seeds with clear water can improve the germination indicators of radish seeds exposed to high salt stress; low salt concentration（0.2％,0.4％） had little effect on the growth indicators of radish seedlings,and 0.2％ salt concentration can even promote the growth of radish seedlings,however,the high salinity had a bad inhibition on seedling growth,the higher the salt concentration,the stronger the inhibition.[Conclusion] According to the comprehensive comparison,the order of the six varieties in salt-tolerance was as follows：Xinxiayuanbai＞W1029,Xiayuanbai ＞ Nanyangbailizhi,Chunyidianhong＞ Sijihong 3.展开更多
Dof(DNA-binding with one finger)蛋白是一类在植物中起着关键作用的转录因子。本研究对萝卜Dof转录因子基因家族进行了系统进化关系、保守模体、染色体位置分布及不同组织表达模式分析。研究发现,萝卜基因组中鉴定出的63个Dof基因,分...Dof(DNA-binding with one finger)蛋白是一类在植物中起着关键作用的转录因子。本研究对萝卜Dof转录因子基因家族进行了系统进化关系、保守模体、染色体位置分布及不同组织表达模式分析。研究发现,萝卜基因组中鉴定出的63个Dof基因,分布于9条染色体上,可以分为9个亚族。十字花科(Brassicaceae)四种作物系统进化树的分析表明,该家族基因在植物中具有高度同源性。对其在不同组织和发育时期的表达模式研究发现,该基因家族具有一定的时空表达特异性。基因RsaDof03和RsaDof25在各个组织中表达量均相对较高,预测其参与萝卜不同的发育过程。本研究为进一步研究萝卜Dof基因家族的功能提供科学依据。展开更多
A stable progeny was developed through induced mutation, using microspore culture, of the hybrid (F1F1) produced by crossing a newly synthesized, unstable allopolyploid (F1) and a stable cultivar, BB#1(F1) in xBrassic...A stable progeny was developed through induced mutation, using microspore culture, of the hybrid (F1F1) produced by crossing a newly synthesized, unstable allopolyploid (F1) and a stable cultivar, BB#1(F1) in xBrassicoraphanus. An F1F1 plant was subjected to the induced mutation system established during production of BB#1. Morphological characteristics of the progeny such as color, and leaf number and length, differed from those of BB#1. The bolting time of the progeny in spring cropping was very late compared to BB#1, allowing it to be grown to an adult plant in spring. Genomic in situ hybridization analysis of pollen mother cells at prophase I identified 19 bivalents, 10 from Brassica rapa and 9 from Raphanus sativus. The glucoraphenin content was almost identical to that of BB#1. Two cultivars are available in the baemoochae crop now. These results indicate that induced mutation using microspore culture is a viable method of stabilizing intergeneric allopolyploids between B. rapa and R. sativus.展开更多
The Raphanus sativus L. antifungal protein 1 (Rs_AFP1) gene was isolated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The complete open reading frame and the fragment encoding the putative mature protein were inserted into the...The Raphanus sativus L. antifungal protein 1 (Rs_AFP1) gene was isolated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The complete open reading frame and the fragment encoding the putative mature protein were inserted into the prokaryotic expression vector pET_32b(+), respectively. Subsequent expression showed that the Rs_AFP1 was produced in E. coli as a 27 kD fusion protein only when the N_terminal signal peptide was removed. After treatment with thrombin to remove part of the N_terminal His.tag sequence, the bacterially expressed Rs_AFP1 was used for fungal growth inhibition assay which was conducted on Verticillium dahliae Kleb., a soil_born fungus causing the cotton wilt disease. Results showed that, in the liquid medium, the Rs_AFP1 fusion protein at a concentration of 0.3 g/L clearly inhibited the growth of V. dahliae and the germination of spores. Thus the bacterially expressed fusion protein had the antifungal activity against V. dahliae.展开更多
Radish(Raphanus sativus L.)taproot contains high concentrations of flavonoids,including anthocyanins(ATCs),in redskinned genotypes.However,little information on the genetic regulation of ATC biosynthesis in radish is ...Radish(Raphanus sativus L.)taproot contains high concentrations of flavonoids,including anthocyanins(ATCs),in redskinned genotypes.However,little information on the genetic regulation of ATC biosynthesis in radish is available.A genome-wide association study of radish red skin color was conducted using whole-genome sequencing data derived from 179 radish genotypes.The R2R3-MYB transcription factor production of anthocyanin pigment 2(PAP2)gene was found in the region associated with a leading SNP located on chromosome 2.The amino acid sequence encoded by the RsPAP2 gene was different from those of the other published RsMYB genes responsible for the red skin color of radish.The overexpression of the RsPAP2 gene resulted in ATC accumulation in Arabidopsis and radish,which was accompanied by the upregulation of several ATC-related structural genes.RsPAP2 was found to bind the RsUFGT and RsTT8 promoters,as shown by a dual-luciferase reporter system and a yeast one-hybrid assay.The promoter activities of the RsANS,RsCHI,RsPAL,and RsUFGT genes could be strongly activated by coinfiltration with RsPAP2 and RsTT8.These findings showed the effectiveness of GWAS in identifying candidate genes in radish and demonstrated that RsPAP2 could(either directly or together with its cofactor RsTT8)regulate the transcript levels of ATC-related genes to promote ATC biosynthesis,facilitating the genetic enhancement of ATC contents and other related traits in radish.展开更多
The sequencing of radish genome aids in the better understanding and tailoring of traits associated with economic importance.In order to accelerate the genomics assisted breeding and genetic selection,transcriptomes o...The sequencing of radish genome aids in the better understanding and tailoring of traits associated with economic importance.In order to accelerate the genomics assisted breeding and genetic selection,transcriptomes of 33 radish inbred lines with diverse traits were sequenced for the development of single nucleotide polymorphic(SNP)markers.The sequence reads ranged from 2,560,543,741 bp to 20,039,688,139 bp with the GC(%)of 47.80–49.34 and phred quality score(Q30)of 96.47–97.54%.A total of 4951 polymorphic SNPs were identified among the accessions after stringent filtering and 298 SNPs with efficient marker assisted backcross breeding(MAB)markers were generated from the polymorphic SNPs.Further,functional annotations of SNPs revealed the effects and importance of the SNPs identified in the flowering process.The SNPs were predominantly associated with the four major flowering related transcription factors such as MYB,MADS box(AG),AP2/EREB,and bHLH.In addition,SNPs in the vital flowering integrator gene(FT)and floral repressors(EMBRYONIC FLOWER 1,2,and FRIGIDA)were identified among the radish inbred lines.Further,50 SNPs were randomly selected from 298 SNPs and validated using Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR genotyping system(KASP)in 102 radish inbred lines.The homozygosity of the inbred lines varied from 56 to 96%and the phylogenetic analysis resulted in the clustering of inbred lines into three subgroups.Taken together,the SNP markers identified in the present study can be utilized for the discrimination,seed purity test,and adjusting parental combinations for breeding in radish.展开更多
Downy mildew （DM）, caused by the fungus Peronospora parasitica, is a destructive disease of radish （Raphanus sativus L.） worldwide. Host resistance has been considered as an attractive and environmentally friendly...Downy mildew （DM）, caused by the fungus Peronospora parasitica, is a destructive disease of radish （Raphanus sativus L.） worldwide. Host resistance has been considered as an attractive and environmentally friendly approach to control the disease. However, the genetic mechanisms of resistance in radish to the pathogen remain unknown. To determine the inheritance of resistance to DM, F1, F2 and BC1F1 populations derived from reciprocal crosses between a resistant line NAU-dhp08 and a susceptible line NAU-qtbjq-06 were evaluated for their responses to DM at seedling stage. All F1 hybrid plants showed high resistance to DM and maternal effect was not detected. The segregation for resistant to susceptible individuals statistically iftted a 3：1 ratio in two F2 populations （F2（SR） and F2（RS））, and 1：1 ratio in two BC1F1 populations, indicating that resistance to DM at seedling stage in radish was controlled by a single dominant locus designated as RsDmR. A total of 1 972 primer pairs （1 036 SRAP, 628 RAPD, 126 RGA, 110 EST-SSR and 72 ISSR） were screened, and 36 were polymorphic between the resistant and susceptible bulks, and consequently used for genotyping individuals in the F2 population. Three markers （Em9/ga24370, NAUISSR826700 and Me7/em10400） linked to the RsDmR locus within a 10.0 cM distance were identiifed using bulked segregant analysis （BSA）. The SRAP marker Em9/ga24370 was the most tightly linked one with a distance of 2.3 cM to RsDmR. These markers tightly linked to the RsDmR locus would facilitate marker-assisted selection and resistance gene pyramiding in radish breeding programs.展开更多
The growth and development of taproots are inhibited by cold stress in radish(Raphanus sativus L.).Ethylene-responsive element binding factors(ERF)are key participators in the cold stress response and growth regulatio...The growth and development of taproots are inhibited by cold stress in radish(Raphanus sativus L.).Ethylene-responsive element binding factors(ERF)are key participators in the cold stress response and growth regulation of plants.However,the function of ERF genes in cold tolerance and root development in radish remains elusive.Here,we showed that the secondary growth of radish taproots was inhibited by cold stress.Comparative transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the RsERF40 gene is an important regulator of the cold stress response and root growth regulation.The cold tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing the RsERF40 gene was significantly improved.Overexpressing RsERF40 in the cold-sensitive radish genotype and silencing RsERF40 in the cold-tolerant radish genotype indicated that RsERF40 was beneficial for alleviating oxidative damage under cold stress in radish.Transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings showed an increase in the elongation and radial growth of dark-grown roots.RT-qPCR analysis showed that the expression of the cold-related genes(CORs)RsCOR78 and RsCOR413PM1 and the cell wall strengthening-related genes RsCESA6 and RsEXPB3 was upregulated in transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings.Yeast one-hybrid(Y1H)and dual-luciferase reporter assays(DLA)revealed that RsERF40 directly regulates RsCOR78,RsCOR413PM1,RsCESA6 and RsEXPB3 expression,illustrating that RsERF40 enhances cold tolerance and taproot growth by modulating osmotic adjustment and cell wall mechanical strength in radish.In this study,the RsERF40-regulon was firstly found to be a new cold response pathway independent of the CBF-COR pathway conferring cold stress tolerance with increasing radish taproot growth.These results provided novel insight into the molecular mechanism underlying cold stress response and would facilitate the genetic improvement of cold tolerance in radish and other root vegetable crops.展开更多
The fleshy taproot of radish is an important storage organ determining its yield and quality.Taproot thickening is a complex developmental process in radish.However,the molecular mechanisms governing this process rema...The fleshy taproot of radish is an important storage organ determining its yield and quality.Taproot thickening is a complex developmental process in radish.However,the molecular mechanisms governing this process remain unclear at the proteome level.In this study,a comparative proteomic analysis was performed to analyze the proteome changes at three developmental stages of taproot thickening using iTRAQ approach.In total,1862 differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)were identified from 6342 high-confidence proteins,among which 256 up-regulated proteins displayed overlapped accumulation in S1(pre-cortex splitting stage)vs.S2(cortex splitting stage)and S1 vs.S3(expanding stage)pairs,whereas 122 up-regulated proteins displayed overlapped accumulation in S1 vs.S3 and S2 vs.S3 pairs.Gene Ontology(GO)and pathway enrichment analysis showed that these DEPs were mainly involved in several processes such as“starch and sucrose metabolism”,“plant hormone signal transduction”,and“biosynthesis of secondary metabolites”.A high concordance existed between iTRAQ and RT-qPCR at the mRNA expression levels.Furthermore,association analysis showed that 187,181,and 96 DEPs were matched with their corresponding differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in S1 vs.S2,S1 vs.S3,and S2 vs.S3 comparison,respectively.Notably,several functional proteins including cell division cycle 5-like protein(CDC5),expansin B1(EXPB1),and xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase protein 24(XTH24)were responsible for cell division and expansion during radish taproot thickening process.These results could facilitate a better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying taproot thickening,and provide valuable information for the identification of critical genes/proteins responsible for taproot thickening in root vegetable crops.展开更多
We succeeded in producing mature seed from a line of Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis that had been hybridized with Raphanus sativus var. major. Our focus was on dominance of B. rapa ssp. pekinensis;radish (R. sativus va...We succeeded in producing mature seed from a line of Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis that had been hybridized with Raphanus sativus var. major. Our focus was on dominance of B. rapa ssp. pekinensis;radish (R. sativus var. major) had no influence. Marker tests for similarity showed that the original CR291M-64 x HwiM-2 hybrid was an inbred CR291M-64, rather than a genuine cross;this appears to have resulted from weak self-incompatibility in this strain. The plants from the mature seed bloomed with reddish flowers differently shown up to present. The intergeneric hybrid between Brassica inbred and Raphanus hybrid was very weak in strength compared to the Brassica inbred which was self-pollinated even though the cause of the weak was not identified. The hybrids between Brassica hybrid, dominant and elite recessive, and Raphanus can be developed in large quantities using mature hybrid seed without resorting to ovule culture techniques.展开更多
This paper studies the effect of basalt and tephra dusts,as alternatives to chemical fertilizers,on soil fertility and Radish(Raphanus sativus)production.The experiment was conducted in the field and in the labo...This paper studies the effect of basalt and tephra dusts,as alternatives to chemical fertilizers,on soil fertility and Radish(Raphanus sativus)production.The experiment was conducted in the field and in the laboratory in the years 2017 and 2018 on two separate plots so as to annul residual effects of fertilizers).The experimental design in the field was a randomized complete block design(56 m^(2)),including five treatments and three replications:control(T_(0)),basalt dust(T_(1)),tephra dust(T_(2)),effective micro-organism(EM)fertilizer(T_(3))and NPK 20-10-10(T_(4)).The main results show the following decreasing trend based on yield:T_(1)>T_(3)>T_(0)>T_(4)>T_(2).The best yields appear in T_(1) and T_(3) probably because they supplied the highest levels of soil nutrients to match the needs of the crops.Although T_(2) plants performed poorly,soil properties like pH.H_(2)O(6.14 to 6.49),sum of exchangeable bases,base saturation,available phosphorus and cation balance were improved after tephra treatment.T_(2) plants might have performed poorly due to intrinsic properties of the tephra dust like low availability of trace elements compared to T_(1) and T_(3).T_(4) plants show the highest number of leaves,leaf area index and plant height.The Fe,Mn,Cu and Zn levels in bulbs and leaves will not pose danger of toxicity to human upon consumption and could serve as nutrient supplement for children and expectant mothers.The most profitable treatment is T_(1) permitting to recommend the popularization of basalt dust for radish cultivation as an alternative to chemical fertilizers.展开更多
The main goal of this research study was to establish the physicochemical characteristics of sewage sludge, and the nutrients needed to enhance the properties of soil with a view to exploiting were potential for agric...The main goal of this research study was to establish the physicochemical characteristics of sewage sludge, and the nutrients needed to enhance the properties of soil with a view to exploiting were potential for agriculture. The example used was the cultivation of radish (Raphanus sativus). The findings are intended as a contribution towards making agriculture sustainable. This study was carried out to assess the response of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) to doses of sewage sludge applied in medium texture soils, and the socioeconomic contributions that such cultivation of radish would make. Levels of 0.25 and 75 ton/ha of sewage sludge plus the equivalent dose of 25 ton/ha of sewage sludge vermin compost by California Red were used after making a randomized experimental design with three replicates. 30 days after sowing radish seeds, the following data were collected: the number of leaves per plant (NLP);plant height (PH in cm);root diameter (RD) and tubercle production (TP ton/ha). In addition, the pH, EC-electric conductivity (EC), and soil organic matter (SOM) were determined. Statistical analysis showed that 25 and 50 tons/ha gave the best results for the parameters assessed. The estimated increase in family mean income from selling radish crops fertilized with sewage sludge is around 17%.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the ameliorating effects of Raphanus sativus leaves(RSL)against sodium arsenite(Sa)-induced adverse effects through mice experiments.Methods: Swiss albino mice were divided into four equal group...Objective: To evaluate the ameliorating effects of Raphanus sativus leaves(RSL)against sodium arsenite(Sa)-induced adverse effects through mice experiments.Methods: Swiss albino mice were divided into four equal groups: control, Sa, RSL,RSL + Sa. Sa(10 mg/kg body weight/day), and powder form of RSL(50 mg/kg body weight/day) were provided as food supplement orallty. Blood indices were measured using commercially available kits through colorimetric methods.Results: It was observed that lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase activities were significantly(P < 0.05)higher in Sa-treated mice than those in the control group. RSL significantly reduced Sainduced elevation of the activities of these enzymes in serum significantly(P < 0.05).Serum butyrylcholinesterase activity and high density lipoproteins cholesterol levels in Satreated mice were significantly(P < 0.05) lower than the control group, and the food supplementation of RSL could significantly(P < 0.05) prevent the reduction of Sa-mediated serum butyryl cholinesterase activity and high density lipoproteins cholesterol levels. RSL could also reduce the Sa-induced elevation of serum urea level significantly(P < 0.05).Conclusions: Results of this study suggest the protective or ameliorating effects of RSL on Sa-induced perturbation of blood indices are related to the hepatic, cardiovascular and kidney dysfunction. Therefore, RSL may be useful to reduce arsenic toxicity in human in the future.展开更多
In the paper, the full length cDNA of RsMF2 gene, homologous with the BcMF2 gene encoding pollen-specificpolygalacturonase of Chinese cabbage-pak-choi (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino) was cloned from Rap...In the paper, the full length cDNA of RsMF2 gene, homologous with the BcMF2 gene encoding pollen-specificpolygalacturonase of Chinese cabbage-pak-choi (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino) was cloned from Raphanussativus L. cv. Yuanbai by PCR, with a pair of primer designed according to the coding sequence of BcMF2. The largestopening reading frame of RsMF2 gene is 1 266 bp in length and encodes a protein of 421 amino acids with a predictedmolecular mass of 43.9 kDa. Sequence analysis revealed that it has three potential N-glycosylation sites and onepolygalacturonase active position (RVTCGPGHGLSVGS). And the first 32 amino acids of the predicted RsMF2 proteinform a N-terminal hydrophobic domain which displays the properties of a signal peptide. The predicted secondarystructure composition for the protein has 6.9% helix, 42.0% sheet and 51.1% loop. Four domains which are highly conservedin the whole plant and fungal PGs is present in RsMF2. Phylogenetic analysis showed that RsMF2 falls into the categoryof clade-C, which includes PGs related to pollen. These results indicate that RsMF2 may act as polygalacturonase relatedto pollen development.展开更多
Two different species, Trichoderma viride TV10 and Trichoderma harzianum TH12 from 30 Trichoderma isolates were selected out based on their high growth inhibition of the phytopathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) de...Two different species, Trichoderma viride TV10 and Trichoderma harzianum TH12 from 30 Trichoderma isolates were selected out based on their high growth inhibition of the phytopathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) de Bary, which reached 84.44% and 100%, respectively. Their untreated culture filtrates (CF) and culture filtrates treated with heat (CFH) also were tested for growth inhibition of the pathogen in potato dextrose agar (PDA). Morphological and molecular characterisation by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) PCR provided consistent identification of these isolates. The degree of infection and disease index (DI) of S. sclerotiorum were examined in Brassica napus (AACC) and Raphanus alboglabra (RR) and Brassica alboglabra (CC). The results revealed that Raphanus alboglabra showed higher disease resistance than that of B. napus. Biotic elecitors T. harzianum TH12 and T. viride TV10 and their CF and CFH demonstrated the ability to cause induced systemic resistance (ISR) in B. napus and Raphanus alboglabra against sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) disease. Furthermore, a high ability to reduce the degree of infection and DI in B. napus with the biotic elicitors T. harzianum TH12 and T. viride TV10 was observed, with numbers reaching 7.22% to 6.67% and 17.78% to 11.67%, respectively. When CF were used, reached 20.00% to 16.67% and 33.33% to 23.33%, respectively;with CFH, values reached 35.00% to 21.67% and 37.78% to 28.33%, respectively. While in Raphanus alboglabra the degree of infection and DI reached 0.00% and 0.00% with all biotic elicitors treatments. These results show that biotic elicitor treatments significantly (P B. napus and Raphanus alboglabra ranked as most effective. This study showed for the first time the ability of genotype Raphanus alboglabra (RRCC) to demonstrate resistance against S. sclerotiorum with or without treatment by biotic elicitors and the ability of genotype B. napus (AACC) to demonstrate resistance to the pathogen after treatment with biotic elicitors.展开更多
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of explants and hormone combinations on the callogenesis, calli growth and regeneration of local variety of radish （Beeralu Rabu）. As well as three explant types：...This study was conducted to investigate the effects of explants and hormone combinations on the callogenesis, calli growth and regeneration of local variety of radish （Beeralu Rabu）. As well as three explant types： hypocotyl, leaf and root, seven hormone combination based on Murashige and Skoog （MS） medium as 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid （2,4-D） with 0.1 mg/L 1-naphthaleneacetic acid （NAA） and without hormones （control） were employed. Then immerged calli were transferred to regenerate in MS with 0.1 mg/L NAA and 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mg/L benzyl adenine （BA）. Healthy regenerated shoots were introduced to MS medium with 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid （IBA） for rooting. After one month the callogenesis, diameter of fresh callus, shoots regeneration, number of regenerated shoots and roots were evaluated. Observations were made that, 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D with 0.1 mg/L NAA and hypocotyl explant of radish was the best showing significantly highest callus diameter （〉 2 cm）. Medium with 2.5 mg/L BA and 0.1 mg/L NAA was the best hormonal combination for the in vitro shoot regeneration （6.6 shoots/explant） while the highest number of roots were observed from MS medium with 0.25 mg/L.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to analyze the Raphanus sativus L.medicinal materials from different origins and batches in Guizhou Province to explore its quality standards.[Methods]The plant morphology,material...[Objectives]This study was conducted to analyze the Raphanus sativus L.medicinal materials from different origins and batches in Guizhou Province to explore its quality standards.[Methods]The plant morphology,material shape and microscopic characteristics of R.sativus were identified;and qualitative identification was performed by the TLC method.[Results]The plant morphology,material shape and microscopic characteristics of the R.sativus medicinal materials were described;and the TLC identification method of the R.sativus medicinal materials was established,with clear spots,good separation,and good specificity.[Conclusions]The method is accurate,simple,highly sensitive,interference-free,has good reproducibility,and can be used as a data support for the formulation of quality standards for R.sativus medicinal materials.展开更多
The allelopathic potential of aqueous and organic solvent extacts from Corrigiola telephiifolia Pour which is an aromatic and medicinal plant in mediterranean regions, was investigated under laboratory conditions on t...The allelopathic potential of aqueous and organic solvent extacts from Corrigiola telephiifolia Pour which is an aromatic and medicinal plant in mediterranean regions, was investigated under laboratory conditions on two plant species： Raphanus sativus and Triticum aestivum. The aqueous extract of Corrigiola telephiifolia roots had an important inhibitory effect on the seed germination of the two tested plant species. The dichloromethane and the methanol extracts significantly reduced the growth of radish roots up to 84.44% and 68.85% respectively. The butanol, the dichloromethane and the ethyl acetate extracts had a high inhibitory effect on seed germination and roots growth of wheat. The presence of saponins in butanol extracts and tanins in dichlorometane and ethyl acetate extracts may be responsible of these allelopathic activities. These results suggest that Corrigiola telephiifolia Pour have allelopathic effects and contains potent allelochemicals which should be used for weeds management.展开更多
The complete coding sequence ofRaphanus sativusWUS gene was obtained by usingArabidopsis thalianagene se-quence (NM_127349) as a probe in silico cloning. Then the hydrophilicity, secondary structure and advanced struc...The complete coding sequence ofRaphanus sativusWUS gene was obtained by usingArabidopsis thalianagene se-quence (NM_127349) as a probe in silico cloning. Then the hydrophilicity, secondary structure and advanced structure of WUS protein inRaphanus sativusare analyzed by using bioinformatics methods. The results show that the cDNA was 1298 bp, with no intron, contains an open reading frame of 936bp, encoding 312aa protein. The protein coded byRaphanus sativusgene showed 74% similarity toArabidopsis thaliana.展开更多
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of salt stress on seed germination and seedling growth in radish（Raphanus sativus L.）.[Method] First,effects of soaking seeds with clear water and different concentrations of saline solution were compared; then,different concentrations of salt solution （0.2％-1.0％） was used to treat radish during the whole germination period.[Result] soaking seeds with clear water can improve the germination indicators of radish seeds exposed to high salt stress; low salt concentration（0.2％,0.4％） had little effect on the growth indicators of radish seedlings,and 0.2％ salt concentration can even promote the growth of radish seedlings,however,the high salinity had a bad inhibition on seedling growth,the higher the salt concentration,the stronger the inhibition.[Conclusion] According to the comprehensive comparison,the order of the six varieties in salt-tolerance was as follows：Xinxiayuanbai＞W1029,Xiayuanbai ＞ Nanyangbailizhi,Chunyidianhong＞ Sijihong 3.
文摘Dof(DNA-binding with one finger)蛋白是一类在植物中起着关键作用的转录因子。本研究对萝卜Dof转录因子基因家族进行了系统进化关系、保守模体、染色体位置分布及不同组织表达模式分析。研究发现,萝卜基因组中鉴定出的63个Dof基因,分布于9条染色体上,可以分为9个亚族。十字花科(Brassicaceae)四种作物系统进化树的分析表明,该家族基因在植物中具有高度同源性。对其在不同组织和发育时期的表达模式研究发现,该基因家族具有一定的时空表达特异性。基因RsaDof03和RsaDof25在各个组织中表达量均相对较高,预测其参与萝卜不同的发育过程。本研究为进一步研究萝卜Dof基因家族的功能提供科学依据。
文摘A stable progeny was developed through induced mutation, using microspore culture, of the hybrid (F1F1) produced by crossing a newly synthesized, unstable allopolyploid (F1) and a stable cultivar, BB#1(F1) in xBrassicoraphanus. An F1F1 plant was subjected to the induced mutation system established during production of BB#1. Morphological characteristics of the progeny such as color, and leaf number and length, differed from those of BB#1. The bolting time of the progeny in spring cropping was very late compared to BB#1, allowing it to be grown to an adult plant in spring. Genomic in situ hybridization analysis of pollen mother cells at prophase I identified 19 bivalents, 10 from Brassica rapa and 9 from Raphanus sativus. The glucoraphenin content was almost identical to that of BB#1. Two cultivars are available in the baemoochae crop now. These results indicate that induced mutation using microspore culture is a viable method of stabilizing intergeneric allopolyploids between B. rapa and R. sativus.
文摘The Raphanus sativus L. antifungal protein 1 (Rs_AFP1) gene was isolated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The complete open reading frame and the fragment encoding the putative mature protein were inserted into the prokaryotic expression vector pET_32b(+), respectively. Subsequent expression showed that the Rs_AFP1 was produced in E. coli as a 27 kD fusion protein only when the N_terminal signal peptide was removed. After treatment with thrombin to remove part of the N_terminal His.tag sequence, the bacterially expressed Rs_AFP1 was used for fungal growth inhibition assay which was conducted on Verticillium dahliae Kleb., a soil_born fungus causing the cotton wilt disease. Results showed that, in the liquid medium, the Rs_AFP1 fusion protein at a concentration of 0.3 g/L clearly inhibited the growth of V. dahliae and the germination of spores. Thus the bacterially expressed fusion protein had the antifungal activity against V. dahliae.
基金supported by grants from the Jiangsu Agricultural S&T Innovation Fund[CX(20)3144],the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(2017YFD0101806/03)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(KYZZ201910)+1 种基金the Jiangsu Agricultural Industry Technology System(JATS2020)the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘Radish(Raphanus sativus L.)taproot contains high concentrations of flavonoids,including anthocyanins(ATCs),in redskinned genotypes.However,little information on the genetic regulation of ATC biosynthesis in radish is available.A genome-wide association study of radish red skin color was conducted using whole-genome sequencing data derived from 179 radish genotypes.The R2R3-MYB transcription factor production of anthocyanin pigment 2(PAP2)gene was found in the region associated with a leading SNP located on chromosome 2.The amino acid sequence encoded by the RsPAP2 gene was different from those of the other published RsMYB genes responsible for the red skin color of radish.The overexpression of the RsPAP2 gene resulted in ATC accumulation in Arabidopsis and radish,which was accompanied by the upregulation of several ATC-related structural genes.RsPAP2 was found to bind the RsUFGT and RsTT8 promoters,as shown by a dual-luciferase reporter system and a yeast one-hybrid assay.The promoter activities of the RsANS,RsCHI,RsPAL,and RsUFGT genes could be strongly activated by coinfiltration with RsPAP2 and RsTT8.These findings showed the effectiveness of GWAS in identifying candidate genes in radish and demonstrated that RsPAP2 could(either directly or together with its cofactor RsTT8)regulate the transcript levels of ATC-related genes to promote ATC biosynthesis,facilitating the genetic enhancement of ATC contents and other related traits in radish.
基金supported by the National Institute of Horticultural&Herbal Science,Rural Development Administration,Republic of Korea(Project No:PJ01417301)Abinaya Manivannan was supported by the RDA Research Associate Fellowship Program of National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science,Rural Development Administration,Republic of Korea.
文摘The sequencing of radish genome aids in the better understanding and tailoring of traits associated with economic importance.In order to accelerate the genomics assisted breeding and genetic selection,transcriptomes of 33 radish inbred lines with diverse traits were sequenced for the development of single nucleotide polymorphic(SNP)markers.The sequence reads ranged from 2,560,543,741 bp to 20,039,688,139 bp with the GC(%)of 47.80–49.34 and phred quality score(Q30)of 96.47–97.54%.A total of 4951 polymorphic SNPs were identified among the accessions after stringent filtering and 298 SNPs with efficient marker assisted backcross breeding(MAB)markers were generated from the polymorphic SNPs.Further,functional annotations of SNPs revealed the effects and importance of the SNPs identified in the flowering process.The SNPs were predominantly associated with the four major flowering related transcription factors such as MYB,MADS box(AG),AP2/EREB,and bHLH.In addition,SNPs in the vital flowering integrator gene(FT)and floral repressors(EMBRYONIC FLOWER 1,2,and FRIGIDA)were identified among the radish inbred lines.Further,50 SNPs were randomly selected from 298 SNPs and validated using Kompetitive Allele Specific PCR genotyping system(KASP)in 102 radish inbred lines.The homozygosity of the inbred lines varied from 56 to 96%and the phylogenetic analysis resulted in the clustering of inbred lines into three subgroups.Taken together,the SNP markers identified in the present study can be utilized for the discrimination,seed purity test,and adjusting parental combinations for breeding in radish.
基金in part supported by grants from the National Key Technologies R&D Program of China (2012BAD02B01)the Key Technology R&D Program of Jiangsu Province, China (BE2013429)+1 种基金Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund (JASTIF,CX(12) 2006,(13)2007],NAUNKL-ZW2009007the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)
文摘Downy mildew （DM）, caused by the fungus Peronospora parasitica, is a destructive disease of radish （Raphanus sativus L.） worldwide. Host resistance has been considered as an attractive and environmentally friendly approach to control the disease. However, the genetic mechanisms of resistance in radish to the pathogen remain unknown. To determine the inheritance of resistance to DM, F1, F2 and BC1F1 populations derived from reciprocal crosses between a resistant line NAU-dhp08 and a susceptible line NAU-qtbjq-06 were evaluated for their responses to DM at seedling stage. All F1 hybrid plants showed high resistance to DM and maternal effect was not detected. The segregation for resistant to susceptible individuals statistically iftted a 3：1 ratio in two F2 populations （F2（SR） and F2（RS））, and 1：1 ratio in two BC1F1 populations, indicating that resistance to DM at seedling stage in radish was controlled by a single dominant locus designated as RsDmR. A total of 1 972 primer pairs （1 036 SRAP, 628 RAPD, 126 RGA, 110 EST-SSR and 72 ISSR） were screened, and 36 were polymorphic between the resistant and susceptible bulks, and consequently used for genotyping individuals in the F2 population. Three markers （Em9/ga24370, NAUISSR826700 and Me7/em10400） linked to the RsDmR locus within a 10.0 cM distance were identiifed using bulked segregant analysis （BSA）. The SRAP marker Em9/ga24370 was the most tightly linked one with a distance of 2.3 cM to RsDmR. These markers tightly linked to the RsDmR locus would facilitate marker-assisted selection and resistance gene pyramiding in radish breeding programs.
基金funded by grants from the National Key Technology R&D Program of China(2018YFD1000800)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32172579)+3 种基金Jiangsu Seed Industry Revitalization Project[JBGS(2021)071]the earmarked fund for Jiangsu Agricultural Industry Technology System[JATS(2022)463]Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(21)2020)the Project Founded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD).
文摘The growth and development of taproots are inhibited by cold stress in radish(Raphanus sativus L.).Ethylene-responsive element binding factors(ERF)are key participators in the cold stress response and growth regulation of plants.However,the function of ERF genes in cold tolerance and root development in radish remains elusive.Here,we showed that the secondary growth of radish taproots was inhibited by cold stress.Comparative transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the RsERF40 gene is an important regulator of the cold stress response and root growth regulation.The cold tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing the RsERF40 gene was significantly improved.Overexpressing RsERF40 in the cold-sensitive radish genotype and silencing RsERF40 in the cold-tolerant radish genotype indicated that RsERF40 was beneficial for alleviating oxidative damage under cold stress in radish.Transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings showed an increase in the elongation and radial growth of dark-grown roots.RT-qPCR analysis showed that the expression of the cold-related genes(CORs)RsCOR78 and RsCOR413PM1 and the cell wall strengthening-related genes RsCESA6 and RsEXPB3 was upregulated in transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings.Yeast one-hybrid(Y1H)and dual-luciferase reporter assays(DLA)revealed that RsERF40 directly regulates RsCOR78,RsCOR413PM1,RsCESA6 and RsEXPB3 expression,illustrating that RsERF40 enhances cold tolerance and taproot growth by modulating osmotic adjustment and cell wall mechanical strength in radish.In this study,the RsERF40-regulon was firstly found to be a new cold response pathway independent of the CBF-COR pathway conferring cold stress tolerance with increasing radish taproot growth.These results provided novel insight into the molecular mechanism underlying cold stress response and would facilitate the genetic improvement of cold tolerance in radish and other root vegetable crops.
基金This work was in part supported by grants from National Key Technology R&D Program of China(2017YFD0101803,2017YFD0101806)Key Technology R&D Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2016379)+2 种基金the Jiangsu Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Fund[CX(16)1012]the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(KJQN201656,KJQN201734)Project of Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops,MOA,China(IVF201706).
文摘The fleshy taproot of radish is an important storage organ determining its yield and quality.Taproot thickening is a complex developmental process in radish.However,the molecular mechanisms governing this process remain unclear at the proteome level.In this study,a comparative proteomic analysis was performed to analyze the proteome changes at three developmental stages of taproot thickening using iTRAQ approach.In total,1862 differentially expressed proteins(DEPs)were identified from 6342 high-confidence proteins,among which 256 up-regulated proteins displayed overlapped accumulation in S1(pre-cortex splitting stage)vs.S2(cortex splitting stage)and S1 vs.S3(expanding stage)pairs,whereas 122 up-regulated proteins displayed overlapped accumulation in S1 vs.S3 and S2 vs.S3 pairs.Gene Ontology(GO)and pathway enrichment analysis showed that these DEPs were mainly involved in several processes such as“starch and sucrose metabolism”,“plant hormone signal transduction”,and“biosynthesis of secondary metabolites”.A high concordance existed between iTRAQ and RT-qPCR at the mRNA expression levels.Furthermore,association analysis showed that 187,181,and 96 DEPs were matched with their corresponding differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in S1 vs.S2,S1 vs.S3,and S2 vs.S3 comparison,respectively.Notably,several functional proteins including cell division cycle 5-like protein(CDC5),expansin B1(EXPB1),and xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase protein 24(XTH24)were responsible for cell division and expansion during radish taproot thickening process.These results could facilitate a better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying taproot thickening,and provide valuable information for the identification of critical genes/proteins responsible for taproot thickening in root vegetable crops.
文摘We succeeded in producing mature seed from a line of Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis that had been hybridized with Raphanus sativus var. major. Our focus was on dominance of B. rapa ssp. pekinensis;radish (R. sativus var. major) had no influence. Marker tests for similarity showed that the original CR291M-64 x HwiM-2 hybrid was an inbred CR291M-64, rather than a genuine cross;this appears to have resulted from weak self-incompatibility in this strain. The plants from the mature seed bloomed with reddish flowers differently shown up to present. The intergeneric hybrid between Brassica inbred and Raphanus hybrid was very weak in strength compared to the Brassica inbred which was self-pollinated even though the cause of the weak was not identified. The hybrids between Brassica hybrid, dominant and elite recessive, and Raphanus can be developed in large quantities using mature hybrid seed without resorting to ovule culture techniques.
文摘This paper studies the effect of basalt and tephra dusts,as alternatives to chemical fertilizers,on soil fertility and Radish(Raphanus sativus)production.The experiment was conducted in the field and in the laboratory in the years 2017 and 2018 on two separate plots so as to annul residual effects of fertilizers).The experimental design in the field was a randomized complete block design(56 m^(2)),including five treatments and three replications:control(T_(0)),basalt dust(T_(1)),tephra dust(T_(2)),effective micro-organism(EM)fertilizer(T_(3))and NPK 20-10-10(T_(4)).The main results show the following decreasing trend based on yield:T_(1)>T_(3)>T_(0)>T_(4)>T_(2).The best yields appear in T_(1) and T_(3) probably because they supplied the highest levels of soil nutrients to match the needs of the crops.Although T_(2) plants performed poorly,soil properties like pH.H_(2)O(6.14 to 6.49),sum of exchangeable bases,base saturation,available phosphorus and cation balance were improved after tephra treatment.T_(2) plants might have performed poorly due to intrinsic properties of the tephra dust like low availability of trace elements compared to T_(1) and T_(3).T_(4) plants show the highest number of leaves,leaf area index and plant height.The Fe,Mn,Cu and Zn levels in bulbs and leaves will not pose danger of toxicity to human upon consumption and could serve as nutrient supplement for children and expectant mothers.The most profitable treatment is T_(1) permitting to recommend the popularization of basalt dust for radish cultivation as an alternative to chemical fertilizers.
文摘The main goal of this research study was to establish the physicochemical characteristics of sewage sludge, and the nutrients needed to enhance the properties of soil with a view to exploiting were potential for agriculture. The example used was the cultivation of radish (Raphanus sativus). The findings are intended as a contribution towards making agriculture sustainable. This study was carried out to assess the response of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) to doses of sewage sludge applied in medium texture soils, and the socioeconomic contributions that such cultivation of radish would make. Levels of 0.25 and 75 ton/ha of sewage sludge plus the equivalent dose of 25 ton/ha of sewage sludge vermin compost by California Red were used after making a randomized experimental design with three replicates. 30 days after sowing radish seeds, the following data were collected: the number of leaves per plant (NLP);plant height (PH in cm);root diameter (RD) and tubercle production (TP ton/ha). In addition, the pH, EC-electric conductivity (EC), and soil organic matter (SOM) were determined. Statistical analysis showed that 25 and 50 tons/ha gave the best results for the parameters assessed. The estimated increase in family mean income from selling radish crops fertilized with sewage sludge is around 17%.
基金financially supported by the University of Rajshahi[No.A-892-5/52/BIMOK/BIGGAN(1)/2011]
文摘Objective: To evaluate the ameliorating effects of Raphanus sativus leaves(RSL)against sodium arsenite(Sa)-induced adverse effects through mice experiments.Methods: Swiss albino mice were divided into four equal groups: control, Sa, RSL,RSL + Sa. Sa(10 mg/kg body weight/day), and powder form of RSL(50 mg/kg body weight/day) were provided as food supplement orallty. Blood indices were measured using commercially available kits through colorimetric methods.Results: It was observed that lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase activities were significantly(P < 0.05)higher in Sa-treated mice than those in the control group. RSL significantly reduced Sainduced elevation of the activities of these enzymes in serum significantly(P < 0.05).Serum butyrylcholinesterase activity and high density lipoproteins cholesterol levels in Satreated mice were significantly(P < 0.05) lower than the control group, and the food supplementation of RSL could significantly(P < 0.05) prevent the reduction of Sa-mediated serum butyryl cholinesterase activity and high density lipoproteins cholesterol levels. RSL could also reduce the Sa-induced elevation of serum urea level significantly(P < 0.05).Conclusions: Results of this study suggest the protective or ameliorating effects of RSL on Sa-induced perturbation of blood indices are related to the hepatic, cardiovascular and kidney dysfunction. Therefore, RSL may be useful to reduce arsenic toxicity in human in the future.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(30370975)the Chinese National Project of Research and Development for High Technology(2003AA207120),P.R.China.
文摘In the paper, the full length cDNA of RsMF2 gene, homologous with the BcMF2 gene encoding pollen-specificpolygalacturonase of Chinese cabbage-pak-choi (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis Makino) was cloned from Raphanussativus L. cv. Yuanbai by PCR, with a pair of primer designed according to the coding sequence of BcMF2. The largestopening reading frame of RsMF2 gene is 1 266 bp in length and encodes a protein of 421 amino acids with a predictedmolecular mass of 43.9 kDa. Sequence analysis revealed that it has three potential N-glycosylation sites and onepolygalacturonase active position (RVTCGPGHGLSVGS). And the first 32 amino acids of the predicted RsMF2 proteinform a N-terminal hydrophobic domain which displays the properties of a signal peptide. The predicted secondarystructure composition for the protein has 6.9% helix, 42.0% sheet and 51.1% loop. Four domains which are highly conservedin the whole plant and fungal PGs is present in RsMF2. Phylogenetic analysis showed that RsMF2 falls into the categoryof clade-C, which includes PGs related to pollen. These results indicate that RsMF2 may act as polygalacturonase relatedto pollen development.
文摘Two different species, Trichoderma viride TV10 and Trichoderma harzianum TH12 from 30 Trichoderma isolates were selected out based on their high growth inhibition of the phytopathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib) de Bary, which reached 84.44% and 100%, respectively. Their untreated culture filtrates (CF) and culture filtrates treated with heat (CFH) also were tested for growth inhibition of the pathogen in potato dextrose agar (PDA). Morphological and molecular characterisation by internal transcribed spacer (ITS) PCR provided consistent identification of these isolates. The degree of infection and disease index (DI) of S. sclerotiorum were examined in Brassica napus (AACC) and Raphanus alboglabra (RR) and Brassica alboglabra (CC). The results revealed that Raphanus alboglabra showed higher disease resistance than that of B. napus. Biotic elecitors T. harzianum TH12 and T. viride TV10 and their CF and CFH demonstrated the ability to cause induced systemic resistance (ISR) in B. napus and Raphanus alboglabra against sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) disease. Furthermore, a high ability to reduce the degree of infection and DI in B. napus with the biotic elicitors T. harzianum TH12 and T. viride TV10 was observed, with numbers reaching 7.22% to 6.67% and 17.78% to 11.67%, respectively. When CF were used, reached 20.00% to 16.67% and 33.33% to 23.33%, respectively;with CFH, values reached 35.00% to 21.67% and 37.78% to 28.33%, respectively. While in Raphanus alboglabra the degree of infection and DI reached 0.00% and 0.00% with all biotic elicitors treatments. These results show that biotic elicitor treatments significantly (P B. napus and Raphanus alboglabra ranked as most effective. This study showed for the first time the ability of genotype Raphanus alboglabra (RRCC) to demonstrate resistance against S. sclerotiorum with or without treatment by biotic elicitors and the ability of genotype B. napus (AACC) to demonstrate resistance to the pathogen after treatment with biotic elicitors.
文摘This study was conducted to investigate the effects of explants and hormone combinations on the callogenesis, calli growth and regeneration of local variety of radish （Beeralu Rabu）. As well as three explant types： hypocotyl, leaf and root, seven hormone combination based on Murashige and Skoog （MS） medium as 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid （2,4-D） with 0.1 mg/L 1-naphthaleneacetic acid （NAA） and without hormones （control） were employed. Then immerged calli were transferred to regenerate in MS with 0.1 mg/L NAA and 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mg/L benzyl adenine （BA）. Healthy regenerated shoots were introduced to MS medium with 0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid （IBA） for rooting. After one month the callogenesis, diameter of fresh callus, shoots regeneration, number of regenerated shoots and roots were evaluated. Observations were made that, 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D with 0.1 mg/L NAA and hypocotyl explant of radish was the best showing significantly highest callus diameter （〉 2 cm）. Medium with 2.5 mg/L BA and 0.1 mg/L NAA was the best hormonal combination for the in vitro shoot regeneration （6.6 shoots/explant） while the highest number of roots were observed from MS medium with 0.25 mg/L.
基金Science and Technology Innovation Platform Construction Project of Anshun City(ASKP[2017]03)Anshun Traditional Chinese Medicine(Ethnic Medicine)Inspection Technology Innovation Talent Team(ASKC[2018]09).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to analyze the Raphanus sativus L.medicinal materials from different origins and batches in Guizhou Province to explore its quality standards.[Methods]The plant morphology,material shape and microscopic characteristics of R.sativus were identified;and qualitative identification was performed by the TLC method.[Results]The plant morphology,material shape and microscopic characteristics of the R.sativus medicinal materials were described;and the TLC identification method of the R.sativus medicinal materials was established,with clear spots,good separation,and good specificity.[Conclusions]The method is accurate,simple,highly sensitive,interference-free,has good reproducibility,and can be used as a data support for the formulation of quality standards for R.sativus medicinal materials.
文摘The allelopathic potential of aqueous and organic solvent extacts from Corrigiola telephiifolia Pour which is an aromatic and medicinal plant in mediterranean regions, was investigated under laboratory conditions on two plant species： Raphanus sativus and Triticum aestivum. The aqueous extract of Corrigiola telephiifolia roots had an important inhibitory effect on the seed germination of the two tested plant species. The dichloromethane and the methanol extracts significantly reduced the growth of radish roots up to 84.44% and 68.85% respectively. The butanol, the dichloromethane and the ethyl acetate extracts had a high inhibitory effect on seed germination and roots growth of wheat. The presence of saponins in butanol extracts and tanins in dichlorometane and ethyl acetate extracts may be responsible of these allelopathic activities. These results suggest that Corrigiola telephiifolia Pour have allelopathic effects and contains potent allelochemicals which should be used for weeds management.
文摘The complete coding sequence ofRaphanus sativusWUS gene was obtained by usingArabidopsis thalianagene se-quence (NM_127349) as a probe in silico cloning. Then the hydrophilicity, secondary structure and advanced structure of WUS protein inRaphanus sativusare analyzed by using bioinformatics methods. The results show that the cDNA was 1298 bp, with no intron, contains an open reading frame of 936bp, encoding 312aa protein. The protein coded byRaphanus sativusgene showed 74% similarity toArabidopsis thaliana.
