For finding valuable systematic characters, leaf epidermis of 77 taxa, representing 12 sections of the genus Clematis and three related genera in the Ranunculaceae, were examined mainly by means of light microscop...For finding valuable systematic characters, leaf epidermis of 77 taxa, representing 12 sections of the genus Clematis and three related genera in the Ranunculaceae, were examined mainly by means of light microscopy (LM), and partially by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was shown that the leaf epidermal cells were usually irregular or polygonal in shape. The patterns of anticlinal walls were straight, arched or undulate. The stomatal apparatus is anomocytic and exists in abaxial epidermis of all species, and in the adaxial epidermis of some species. Under SEM observation, the leaf epidermis was often striated, seldom nearly smooth, and often with flakes attached. Evidence from leaf epidermis serves as a criterion for distinguishing the subsections in sect. Meclatis (Spach) Tamura and in sect. Fruticella Tamura. The results also support that there are several separate evolutionary processes in the genus Clematis .展开更多
Two new norditerpenoid alkaloids, orthocentrine (1) and deacetylswinanine A (2), together with a known alkaloid, swinanine A (3), were isolated from the whole plants of Delphinium orthocentrum Franch. The structures o...Two new norditerpenoid alkaloids, orthocentrine (1) and deacetylswinanine A (2), together with a known alkaloid, swinanine A (3), were isolated from the whole plants of Delphinium orthocentrum Franch. The structures of the new alkaloids (1 and 2) were elucidated as 7,10_dihydroxy_8,14,16_trimethoxy_19,20_didehydro_aconitane (7β,8β,14α,16β) (1) and 20_ethyl_2,3_didehydro_6,10_dihydroxy_7,8_methylenedioxy_1,14,16_trimethoxy_aconitane (1α,6β,14α,16β) (2) by spectroscopic evidence and chemical transformation.展开更多
This paper reports a pharmacophylogenetic study of a medicinal plant family,Ranunculaceae,investigating the correlations between their phylogeny,chemical constituents,and pharmaceutical properties.Phytochemical,ethnop...This paper reports a pharmacophylogenetic study of a medicinal plant family,Ranunculaceae,investigating the correlations between their phylogeny,chemical constituents,and pharmaceutical properties.Phytochemical,ethnopharmacological,and pharmacological data were integrated in the context of the systematics and molecular phylogeny of the Ranunculaceae.The chemical components of this family included several representative metabolic groups:benzylisoquinoline alkaloids,ranunculin,triterpenoid saponin,and diterpene alkaloids,among others.Ranunculin and magnoflorine were found to coexist in some genera.The pharmacophylogenetic analysis,integrated with therapeutic information,agreed with the taxonomy proposed previously,in which the family Ranunculaceae was divided into five sub-families:Ranunculoideae,Thalictroideae,Coptidoideae,Hydrastidoideae,and Glaucidioideae.It was plausible to organize the sub-family Ranunculoideae into ten tribes.The chemical constituents and therapeutic efficacy of each taxonomic group were reviewed,revealing the underlying connections between phylogeny,chemical diversity,and clinical use,which should facilitate the conservation and sustainable utilization of the pharmaceutical resources derived from the Ranunculaceae.展开更多
A new spirostanol sulfonate, spirost-5,25（27）-dien-1β,3β-diol 1-sulfonate（1）, was isolated from the rhizomes of Helleborus thibetanus（Ranunculaceae）, and the structure was identified on the basis of a detailed...A new spirostanol sulfonate, spirost-5,25（27）-dien-1β,3β-diol 1-sulfonate（1）, was isolated from the rhizomes of Helleborus thibetanus（Ranunculaceae）, and the structure was identified on the basis of a detailed spectroscopic analyses, including 2D NMR spectrometry, IR and HRESI-MS.展开更多
Clematis sect. Atragene is revised in this paper based on the examination of a large number of herbarium specimens, extensive field observations, and morphometric analyses. Brief taxonomic history and geographical dis...Clematis sect. Atragene is revised in this paper based on the examination of a large number of herbarium specimens, extensive field observations, and morphometric analyses. Brief taxonomic history and geographical distribution of the section are given, the relationships among the species are discussed, and the evolutionary trends of some characters in the section are evaluated. The staminodes of the plants in this section may have evolved from the outer stamens with petaloid filaments and gradually disappearing anthers. Subsequently, they may have evolved in two different ways. One possibility is that the staminodes elongate and become lanceolate, as long as sepals, and their apices turn into attenuate. The other is that the staminodes are spathulate, but not elongating, as long as stamens, and their apices turn into retuse from obtuse and rounded. The evolutionary trend of sepals may be from thin to thick in texture, and the veins from non-prominent to prominent. As a result, five new series are established and nine species, two subspecies and nine varieties （including three new ranks） are recognized in this section. An identification key is provided, and each taxon is described and illustrated. Clematis sibirica and Clematis ochotensis are treated as subspecies of Clematis alpina due to their subtle differences and lack of, or few, overlapping distributions. Clematis fusijamana and Clematisfauriei are recognized as varieties of C. alpina ssp. ochotensis for the continuous variation of the velutinous strips on the sepal margins. Clematis iliensis is treated as variety of C. alpina ssp. sibirica for the continuous variation of leaf division types. Extensive variations in sepal color and basal caruncle size support degrading Clematis chiisanensis as a variety of Clematis koreana. The North American ser. Occientales may be primitive, whereas ser. Macropetalae may be the most advanced taxon in this section. Ser. Alpinae and ser. Koreanae are closely related to each other. However, the systematic position of ser. Tomentosae cannot be determined based on morphological characters alone in the present study.展开更多
The constituents of Cimicifuga plants have been extensively investigated, and the principal metabolites are 9,19-cyclolanostane triterpenoid glycosides, which are distributed widely in Cimicifuga plants, but not in ot...The constituents of Cimicifuga plants have been extensively investigated, and the principal metabolites are 9,19-cyclolanostane triterpenoid glycosides, which are distributed widely in Cimicifuga plants, but not in other members of the Ranunculaceae family, and are considered to be characteristics of the Cimicifuga genus. This type of triterpenoid glycoside possesses several important biological activities. More than 120 cycloartane triterpene glycosides have been isolated from Cimicifuga simplex Wormsk. The aim of this review article is to summarize all the major findings based on the available scientific literatures on C. simplex, with a focus on the identified 9,19-cyclolanostane triterpenoid glycosides. Biological studies of cycloartane triterpene glycosides from Cimicifuga spp. are also discussed.展开更多
The widespread Sino-Himalayan Delphinium kamaonense Huth is a very common species of weedy nature in Gansu,Qinghai,Sichuan and Xizang,China,with its distribution being nearly continuous.Examination of both herbarium s...The widespread Sino-Himalayan Delphinium kamaonense Huth is a very common species of weedy nature in Gansu,Qinghai,Sichuan and Xizang,China,with its distribution being nearly continuous.Examination of both herbarium specimens and living plants has shown that D.kamaonense var.glabrescens(W.T.Wang)W.T.Wang described from Bomi and Zayu in southeastern Xizang and D.obcordatilimbum W.T.Wang described from Riwoqe also in southeastern Xizang are not essentially different from D.kamaonense.Therefore,both D.kamaonense var.glabrescens and D.obcordatilimbum are reduced to the synonymy of D.kamaonense.展开更多
Both herbarium and field observations have shown that Delphinium yangii W.T.Wang(Ranunculaceae)described from Zhongdian,northwestern Yunnan,China is identical with D.smithianum Hand.-Mazz.,a species previously reporte...Both herbarium and field observations have shown that Delphinium yangii W.T.Wang(Ranunculaceae)described from Zhongdian,northwestern Yunnan,China is identical with D.smithianum Hand.-Mazz.,a species previously reported to occur in that area and also in western Sichuan(Kangding,Xiaojin,Wenchuan).Therefore the former was placed in synonymy with the latter.展开更多
Delphinium angustipaniculatum W.T.Wang described from southern Gansu,China,is found to be conspecific with D.sutchuenense Franch.,a species previously recorded to occur in southern Gansu and northern Sichuan.Therefore...Delphinium angustipaniculatum W.T.Wang described from southern Gansu,China,is found to be conspecific with D.sutchuenense Franch.,a species previously recorded to occur in southern Gansu and northern Sichuan.Therefore,the former is reduced to the synonymy of the latter.Morphological differences between D.sutchuenense and its two putative close allies,D.giraldii Diels and D.sparsiflorum Maxim.,are discussed.展开更多
[Objectives]To facilitate the rational use and timely protection of the Tibetan medicinal plant resources to count and reorganize Tibetan medicines recorded in Yu Tuo Ben Cao.[Methods]Based on literature research and ...[Objectives]To facilitate the rational use and timely protection of the Tibetan medicinal plant resources to count and reorganize Tibetan medicines recorded in Yu Tuo Ben Cao.[Methods]Based on literature research and data analysis,this paper analyzed the plant genera,and their habitat characteristics and the main types of diseases.[Results]Yu Tuo Ben Cao contains 191 kinds of botanicals,of which Ranunculaceae has the largest number of 11 genera and 25 species,with a wide distribution of habitats and 5 categories,and the main therapeutic efficacy covers 16 fields.[Conclusions]As a part of Yu Tuo Ben Cao,Tibetan medicines of Ranunculaceae have great research value because of their variety,large number,wide distribution,and diverse uses.展开更多
A new species of the genus Delphinium(Ranunculaceae),D.pingwuense,is described from Sichuan Province,China.The diagnostic differences between it and its ally are given.
Both herbarium and field observations have shown that Delphinium pseudothibeticum W.T.Wang&M.J.Warnock described from Mo-ting(=Mao-ding)Shan,Deqen,northwestern Yunnan,China,is identical with D.ceratophorum Fra...Both herbarium and field observations have shown that Delphinium pseudothibeticum W.T.Wang&M.J.Warnock described from Mo-ting(=Mao-ding)Shan,Deqen,northwestern Yunnan,China,is identical with D.ceratophorum Franch.var.brevicorniculatum W.T.Wang,and that both D.motingshanicum W.T.Wang&M.J.Warnock and D.caeruleum Jacq.ex Camb.var.crassicalcaratum W.T.Wang&M.J.Warnock,also described from Mo-ting Shan,are identical with D.beesianum W.W.Smith(D.motingshanicum is no more than a gigantic form of D.beesianum).Delphinum ceratophorum var.brevicorniculatum is currently known only from Deqen,while D.beesianum is a very common species in northwestern Yunnan.Delphinium pseudothibeticum,D.motingshanicum and D.caeruleum var.crassicalcaratum are all synonymized.展开更多
Both herbarium and field observations have shown that Delphinium quinqueflorum W.T.wang(Ranunculaceae)described from Zhongdian,Yunnan,China,is no more than a smaller form of D.thibeticum Finet Gagnep.,a species very c...Both herbarium and field observations have shown that Delphinium quinqueflorum W.T.wang(Ranunculaceae)described from Zhongdian,Yunnan,China,is no more than a smaller form of D.thibeticum Finet Gagnep.,a species very common in that area.We therefore reduce D.quinqueflorum to the synonymy of D.thibeticum.展开更多
Theory predicts that tighter correlation between floral traits and weaker relationship between floral and vegetative traits more likely occur in specialized flowers than generalized flowers, favoring by precise fit wi...Theory predicts that tighter correlation between floral traits and weaker relationship between floral and vegetative traits more likely occur in specialized flowers than generalized flowers, favoring by precise fit with pollinators. However, traits and trait correlations frequently vary under different environments. Through detecting spatiotemporal variation in phenotypic traits （floral organ size and vegetative size） and trait correlations in four Ranunculaceae species, we examined four predictions. Overall, our results supported these predictions to a certain degree. The mean coefficient of variation （CV） of floral traits in two specialized species （Delphinium kamaonense and Aconitum gymnandrum） was marginally significantly lower than that of another two generalized species （Trollius ranunculoides and Anemone obtusiloba）. The two specialized species also showed marginally significantly smaller CV in floral traits than vegetative size across the two species. The absolute mean correlation between floral and vegetative traits, or that between floral traits in species with specialized flowers was not significantly lower, or higher than that in generalized plants, weakly supporting the predictions. Furthermore, we documented a large variation in trait correlations of four species among different seasons and populations. Study of covariance of floral and vegetative traits will benefit from the contrast of results obtained from generalized and specialized pollination systems.展开更多
Five compounds (1 - 5) were isolated from the rhizome of Beesia calthaefolia (Maxim.) Ulbr. Based on chemical and spectral evidence, their structures were determined as beesic acid (9-phenyl-2E, 4E, 6E, 8E-nontetraeno...Five compounds (1 - 5) were isolated from the rhizome of Beesia calthaefolia (Maxim.) Ulbr. Based on chemical and spectral evidence, their structures were determined as beesic acid (9-phenyl-2E, 4E, 6E, 8E-nontetraenoic acid, 1), vanillic acid (2), oleanolic acid-3-O-alpha.-L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-alpha -L-rhanmopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl ester (3), hederasaponin B (oleanolic acid-3-O-alpha -L-rhanmopyranosyl-(1-->2)-alpha -L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-alpha -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)beta -D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl ester, 4) and beesioside Q (oleanolic acid-3-O-beta -D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-alpha -L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-alpha -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1--> 4)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl ester, 5), respectively. Compound 1 was isolated from natural sources for the first time and compound 5 was a new compound.展开更多
Kiridine, a new C18-diterpenoid alkaloid, was isolated from the roots of Aconitum kirinense. Its structure was elucidated by MS, 1D- and 2D- NMR, and mono-crystal X-ray analysis. It is the first norditerpene alkaloid ...Kiridine, a new C18-diterpenoid alkaloid, was isolated from the roots of Aconitum kirinense. Its structure was elucidated by MS, 1D- and 2D- NMR, and mono-crystal X-ray analysis. It is the first norditerpene alkaloid containing a 9,14-methylenedioxy group and the substituent at C-14 is (-configuration.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to make pharmacognostic research of Thalictrum foeniculaceum to lay foundation for development of the plant and formulation of re- lated medicinal quality standard. [Method] Based on Thalictrum...[Objective] The aim was to make pharmacognostic research of Thalictrum foeniculaceum to lay foundation for development of the plant and formulation of re- lated medicinal quality standard. [Method] Based on Thalictrum foeniculaceum plants, morphological characters of the plants, and the paraffin sections and powders of dif- ferent organs were observed with an optical microscope. [Result] Cross-section of roots of Thalictrum foeniculaceum is typical secondary structure of dicotyledon and anticlinal wall of endodermis is curve. What＇s more, vessel type is diversified, in- cluding reticulate vessel, spiral vessel, and bordered pit vessel. In addition, the leaf can be classified into basal leaf and stem leaf, of which the former is ternate vein and bifacial leaf, and the latter is isolateral leaf. The cells in palisade tissue are 2-3 lists and small granules can be found in surface of leaf epidermal cells; pollen grain is round and scattered. [Conclusion] The research laid foundation for development of plant resources and formulation of quality standard for Thalictrum foeniculaceum.展开更多
Nigella sativa(N.sativa)(Family Ranunculaceae)is a widely used medicinal plant throughout the world.It is very popular in various traditional systems of medicine like Unani and Tibb,Ayurveda and Siddha.Seeds and oil h...Nigella sativa(N.sativa)(Family Ranunculaceae)is a widely used medicinal plant throughout the world.It is very popular in various traditional systems of medicine like Unani and Tibb,Ayurveda and Siddha.Seeds and oil have a long history of folklore usage in various systems of medicines and food.The seeds of N.saliva have been widely used in the treatment of different diseases and ailments.In Islamic literature,it is considered as one of the greatest forms of healing medicine.It has been recommended for using on regular basis in Tibb-e-Nabwi(Prophetic Medicine).It has been widely used as antihypertensive,liver tonics,diuretics,digestive,anti-diarrheal,appetite stimulant,analgesics,anti-bacterial and in skin disorders.Extensive studies on N.sativa have been carried out by various researchers and a wide spectrum of its pharmacological actions have been explored which may include antidiabetic,anticancer,immunomodulator,analgesic,antimicrobial,anti-inflammatory,spasmolytic,bronchodilator,hepato-protective,renal protective,gaslro-prolective,antioxidant properties,etc.Due to its miraculous power of healing,N.sativa has got the place among the top ranked evidence based herbal medicines.This is also revealed that most of the therapeutic,properties of this plant are due to the presence of thymoquinone which is major bioactive component of the essential oil.The present review is an effort to provide a detailed survey of the literature on scientific researches of pharmacognostical characteristics,chemical composition and pharmacological activities of the seeds of this plant.展开更多
文摘For finding valuable systematic characters, leaf epidermis of 77 taxa, representing 12 sections of the genus Clematis and three related genera in the Ranunculaceae, were examined mainly by means of light microscopy (LM), and partially by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was shown that the leaf epidermal cells were usually irregular or polygonal in shape. The patterns of anticlinal walls were straight, arched or undulate. The stomatal apparatus is anomocytic and exists in abaxial epidermis of all species, and in the adaxial epidermis of some species. Under SEM observation, the leaf epidermis was often striated, seldom nearly smooth, and often with flakes attached. Evidence from leaf epidermis serves as a criterion for distinguishing the subsections in sect. Meclatis (Spach) Tamura and in sect. Fruticella Tamura. The results also support that there are several separate evolutionary processes in the genus Clematis .
文摘Two new norditerpenoid alkaloids, orthocentrine (1) and deacetylswinanine A (2), together with a known alkaloid, swinanine A (3), were isolated from the whole plants of Delphinium orthocentrum Franch. The structures of the new alkaloids (1 and 2) were elucidated as 7,10_dihydroxy_8,14,16_trimethoxy_19,20_didehydro_aconitane (7β,8β,14α,16β) (1) and 20_ethyl_2,3_didehydro_6,10_dihydroxy_7,8_methylenedioxy_1,14,16_trimethoxy_aconitane (1α,6β,14α,16β) (2) by spectroscopic evidence and chemical transformation.
基金supported by the China Scholarship Council(No.201208210122)
文摘This paper reports a pharmacophylogenetic study of a medicinal plant family,Ranunculaceae,investigating the correlations between their phylogeny,chemical constituents,and pharmaceutical properties.Phytochemical,ethnopharmacological,and pharmacological data were integrated in the context of the systematics and molecular phylogeny of the Ranunculaceae.The chemical components of this family included several representative metabolic groups:benzylisoquinoline alkaloids,ranunculin,triterpenoid saponin,and diterpene alkaloids,among others.Ranunculin and magnoflorine were found to coexist in some genera.The pharmacophylogenetic analysis,integrated with therapeutic information,agreed with the taxonomy proposed previously,in which the family Ranunculaceae was divided into five sub-families:Ranunculoideae,Thalictroideae,Coptidoideae,Hydrastidoideae,and Glaucidioideae.It was plausible to organize the sub-family Ranunculoideae into ten tribes.The chemical constituents and therapeutic efficacy of each taxonomic group were reviewed,revealing the underlying connections between phylogeny,chemical diversity,and clinical use,which should facilitate the conservation and sustainable utilization of the pharmaceutical resources derived from the Ranunculaceae.
基金Supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University, China(No.NCET-09-0589) China Postdoc-toral Science Foundation(No. 20090450775)
文摘A new spirostanol sulfonate, spirost-5,25（27）-dien-1β,3β-diol 1-sulfonate（1）, was isolated from the rhizomes of Helleborus thibetanus（Ranunculaceae）, and the structure was identified on the basis of a detailed spectroscopic analyses, including 2D NMR spectrometry, IR and HRESI-MS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30870146).
文摘Clematis sect. Atragene is revised in this paper based on the examination of a large number of herbarium specimens, extensive field observations, and morphometric analyses. Brief taxonomic history and geographical distribution of the section are given, the relationships among the species are discussed, and the evolutionary trends of some characters in the section are evaluated. The staminodes of the plants in this section may have evolved from the outer stamens with petaloid filaments and gradually disappearing anthers. Subsequently, they may have evolved in two different ways. One possibility is that the staminodes elongate and become lanceolate, as long as sepals, and their apices turn into attenuate. The other is that the staminodes are spathulate, but not elongating, as long as stamens, and their apices turn into retuse from obtuse and rounded. The evolutionary trend of sepals may be from thin to thick in texture, and the veins from non-prominent to prominent. As a result, five new series are established and nine species, two subspecies and nine varieties （including three new ranks） are recognized in this section. An identification key is provided, and each taxon is described and illustrated. Clematis sibirica and Clematis ochotensis are treated as subspecies of Clematis alpina due to their subtle differences and lack of, or few, overlapping distributions. Clematis fusijamana and Clematisfauriei are recognized as varieties of C. alpina ssp. ochotensis for the continuous variation of the velutinous strips on the sepal margins. Clematis iliensis is treated as variety of C. alpina ssp. sibirica for the continuous variation of leaf division types. Extensive variations in sepal color and basal caruncle size support degrading Clematis chiisanensis as a variety of Clematis koreana. The North American ser. Occientales may be primitive, whereas ser. Macropetalae may be the most advanced taxon in this section. Ser. Alpinae and ser. Koreanae are closely related to each other. However, the systematic position of ser. Tomentosae cannot be determined based on morphological characters alone in the present study.
基金supported by the Fund of Education Department of Heilongjiang Province(No.201207)
文摘The constituents of Cimicifuga plants have been extensively investigated, and the principal metabolites are 9,19-cyclolanostane triterpenoid glycosides, which are distributed widely in Cimicifuga plants, but not in other members of the Ranunculaceae family, and are considered to be characteristics of the Cimicifuga genus. This type of triterpenoid glycoside possesses several important biological activities. More than 120 cycloartane triterpene glycosides have been isolated from Cimicifuga simplex Wormsk. The aim of this review article is to summarize all the major findings based on the available scientific literatures on C. simplex, with a focus on the identified 9,19-cyclolanostane triterpenoid glycosides. Biological studies of cycloartane triterpene glycosides from Cimicifuga spp. are also discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31470303)the Science and Technology Basic Work(2013FY112100)
文摘The widespread Sino-Himalayan Delphinium kamaonense Huth is a very common species of weedy nature in Gansu,Qinghai,Sichuan and Xizang,China,with its distribution being nearly continuous.Examination of both herbarium specimens and living plants has shown that D.kamaonense var.glabrescens(W.T.Wang)W.T.Wang described from Bomi and Zayu in southeastern Xizang and D.obcordatilimbum W.T.Wang described from Riwoqe also in southeastern Xizang are not essentially different from D.kamaonense.Therefore,both D.kamaonense var.glabrescens and D.obcordatilimbum are reduced to the synonymy of D.kamaonense.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31470303)the Science and Technology Basic Work(Grant No.2013FY112100)
文摘Both herbarium and field observations have shown that Delphinium yangii W.T.Wang(Ranunculaceae)described from Zhongdian,northwestern Yunnan,China is identical with D.smithianum Hand.-Mazz.,a species previously reported to occur in that area and also in western Sichuan(Kangding,Xiaojin,Wenchuan).Therefore the former was placed in synonymy with the latter.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31470303)the Science and Technology Basic Work(2013FY112100)
文摘Delphinium angustipaniculatum W.T.Wang described from southern Gansu,China,is found to be conspecific with D.sutchuenense Franch.,a species previously recorded to occur in southern Gansu and northern Sichuan.Therefore,the former is reduced to the synonymy of the latter.Morphological differences between D.sutchuenense and its two putative close allies,D.giraldii Diels and D.sparsiflorum Maxim.,are discussed.
基金Supported by Key Laboratory of Medicinal Animal and Plant Resources of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Qinghai Province(2020-ZJ-Y40).
文摘[Objectives]To facilitate the rational use and timely protection of the Tibetan medicinal plant resources to count and reorganize Tibetan medicines recorded in Yu Tuo Ben Cao.[Methods]Based on literature research and data analysis,this paper analyzed the plant genera,and their habitat characteristics and the main types of diseases.[Results]Yu Tuo Ben Cao contains 191 kinds of botanicals,of which Ranunculaceae has the largest number of 11 genera and 25 species,with a wide distribution of habitats and 5 categories,and the main therapeutic efficacy covers 16 fields.[Conclusions]As a part of Yu Tuo Ben Cao,Tibetan medicines of Ranunculaceae have great research value because of their variety,large number,wide distribution,and diverse uses.
文摘A new species of the genus Delphinium(Ranunculaceae),D.pingwuense,is described from Sichuan Province,China.The diagnostic differences between it and its ally are given.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program(2013FY112100)
文摘Both herbarium and field observations have shown that Delphinium pseudothibeticum W.T.Wang&M.J.Warnock described from Mo-ting(=Mao-ding)Shan,Deqen,northwestern Yunnan,China,is identical with D.ceratophorum Franch.var.brevicorniculatum W.T.Wang,and that both D.motingshanicum W.T.Wang&M.J.Warnock and D.caeruleum Jacq.ex Camb.var.crassicalcaratum W.T.Wang&M.J.Warnock,also described from Mo-ting Shan,are identical with D.beesianum W.W.Smith(D.motingshanicum is no more than a gigantic form of D.beesianum).Delphinum ceratophorum var.brevicorniculatum is currently known only from Deqen,while D.beesianum is a very common species in northwestern Yunnan.Delphinium pseudothibeticum,D.motingshanicum and D.caeruleum var.crassicalcaratum are all synonymized.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31470303)the Science and Technology Basic Work(2013FY112100)
文摘Both herbarium and field observations have shown that Delphinium quinqueflorum W.T.wang(Ranunculaceae)described from Zhongdian,Yunnan,China,is no more than a smaller form of D.thibeticum Finet Gagnep.,a species very common in that area.We therefore reduce D.quinqueflorum to the synonymy of D.thibeticum.
基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (204-180434) to Z.G.Zhao
文摘Theory predicts that tighter correlation between floral traits and weaker relationship between floral and vegetative traits more likely occur in specialized flowers than generalized flowers, favoring by precise fit with pollinators. However, traits and trait correlations frequently vary under different environments. Through detecting spatiotemporal variation in phenotypic traits （floral organ size and vegetative size） and trait correlations in four Ranunculaceae species, we examined four predictions. Overall, our results supported these predictions to a certain degree. The mean coefficient of variation （CV） of floral traits in two specialized species （Delphinium kamaonense and Aconitum gymnandrum） was marginally significantly lower than that of another two generalized species （Trollius ranunculoides and Anemone obtusiloba）. The two specialized species also showed marginally significantly smaller CV in floral traits than vegetative size across the two species. The absolute mean correlation between floral and vegetative traits, or that between floral traits in species with specialized flowers was not significantly lower, or higher than that in generalized plants, weakly supporting the predictions. Furthermore, we documented a large variation in trait correlations of four species among different seasons and populations. Study of covariance of floral and vegetative traits will benefit from the contrast of results obtained from generalized and specialized pollination systems.
文摘Five compounds (1 - 5) were isolated from the rhizome of Beesia calthaefolia (Maxim.) Ulbr. Based on chemical and spectral evidence, their structures were determined as beesic acid (9-phenyl-2E, 4E, 6E, 8E-nontetraenoic acid, 1), vanillic acid (2), oleanolic acid-3-O-alpha.-L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-alpha -L-rhanmopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl-(1 --> 6)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl ester (3), hederasaponin B (oleanolic acid-3-O-alpha -L-rhanmopyranosyl-(1-->2)-alpha -L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-alpha -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)beta -D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl ester, 4) and beesioside Q (oleanolic acid-3-O-beta -D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)-alpha -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-alpha -L-arabinopyranosyl-28-O-alpha -L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1--> 4)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta -D-glucopyranosyl ester, 5), respectively. Compound 1 was isolated from natural sources for the first time and compound 5 was a new compound.
文摘Kiridine, a new C18-diterpenoid alkaloid, was isolated from the roots of Aconitum kirinense. Its structure was elucidated by MS, 1D- and 2D- NMR, and mono-crystal X-ray analysis. It is the first norditerpene alkaloid containing a 9,14-methylenedioxy group and the substituent at C-14 is (-configuration.
基金Supported by National Program on Key Basic Research Project of China(973 Program) (2007CB512601)Shandong Science and Technology Development Program (2008GG2NS02022)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to make pharmacognostic research of Thalictrum foeniculaceum to lay foundation for development of the plant and formulation of re- lated medicinal quality standard. [Method] Based on Thalictrum foeniculaceum plants, morphological characters of the plants, and the paraffin sections and powders of dif- ferent organs were observed with an optical microscope. [Result] Cross-section of roots of Thalictrum foeniculaceum is typical secondary structure of dicotyledon and anticlinal wall of endodermis is curve. What＇s more, vessel type is diversified, in- cluding reticulate vessel, spiral vessel, and bordered pit vessel. In addition, the leaf can be classified into basal leaf and stem leaf, of which the former is ternate vein and bifacial leaf, and the latter is isolateral leaf. The cells in palisade tissue are 2-3 lists and small granules can be found in surface of leaf epidermal cells; pollen grain is round and scattered. [Conclusion] The research laid foundation for development of plant resources and formulation of quality standard for Thalictrum foeniculaceum.
基金Supported by Deanship of Scientific Research,King Abdulaziz University,Jeddah,Saudi Arabia(Grant No.431-044)
文摘Nigella sativa(N.sativa)(Family Ranunculaceae)is a widely used medicinal plant throughout the world.It is very popular in various traditional systems of medicine like Unani and Tibb,Ayurveda and Siddha.Seeds and oil have a long history of folklore usage in various systems of medicines and food.The seeds of N.saliva have been widely used in the treatment of different diseases and ailments.In Islamic literature,it is considered as one of the greatest forms of healing medicine.It has been recommended for using on regular basis in Tibb-e-Nabwi(Prophetic Medicine).It has been widely used as antihypertensive,liver tonics,diuretics,digestive,anti-diarrheal,appetite stimulant,analgesics,anti-bacterial and in skin disorders.Extensive studies on N.sativa have been carried out by various researchers and a wide spectrum of its pharmacological actions have been explored which may include antidiabetic,anticancer,immunomodulator,analgesic,antimicrobial,anti-inflammatory,spasmolytic,bronchodilator,hepato-protective,renal protective,gaslro-prolective,antioxidant properties,etc.Due to its miraculous power of healing,N.sativa has got the place among the top ranked evidence based herbal medicines.This is also revealed that most of the therapeutic,properties of this plant are due to the presence of thymoquinone which is major bioactive component of the essential oil.The present review is an effort to provide a detailed survey of the literature on scientific researches of pharmacognostical characteristics,chemical composition and pharmacological activities of the seeds of this plant.
