In order to deal with the limitations during the register transfer level verification, a new functional verification method based on the random testing for the system-level of system-on-chip is proposed.The validity o...In order to deal with the limitations during the register transfer level verification, a new functional verification method based on the random testing for the system-level of system-on-chip is proposed.The validity of this method is proven theoretically.Specifically, testcases are generated according to many approaches of randomization.Moreover, the testbench for the system-level verification according to the proposed method is designed by using advanced modeling language.Therefore, under the circumstances that the testbench generates testcases quickly, the hardware/software co-simulation and co-verification can be implemented and the hardware/software partitioning planning can be evaluated easily.The comparison method is put to use in the evaluation approach of the testing validity.The evaluation result indicates that the efficiency of the partition testing is better than that of the random testing only when one or more subdomains are covered over with the area of errors, although the efficiency of the random testing is generally better than that of the partition testing.The experimental result indicates that this method has a good performance in the functional coverage and the cost of testing and can discover the functional errors as soon as possible.展开更多
String validation routines have been widely used in many real-world applications,such as email validation and postcode validation.String test cases are adopted to test these validation routines,to identify potential d...String validation routines have been widely used in many real-world applications,such as email validation and postcode validation.String test cases are adopted to test these validation routines,to identify potential defects and security risks.Random Testing(RT)is a well-known testing approach to randomly generate string test cases from the input domain(i.e.,the set of all possible test inputs),which is simple to implement at a low cost.However,its testing effectiveness may be unsatisfactory for string validation routines.The main reason for this is that RT may have a high probability to generate invalid rather than valid string test cases,due to its randomness property.This research proposes a new RT approach based on the output types(i.e.,valid and invalid strings)for string validation routines,namely Output-type-guided Random Testing(RTO),which attempts to randomly generate both valid and invalid string test cases with a certain probability.This research performed an empirical study involving several real-world string validation routines collected from ten Java open-source projects,to investigate and compare testing performances of RT-O against the previous two widely-used RT methods.The results show that the generated string test cases by RT-O outperform test cases generated by other RT methods.展开更多
A new approach to improve the test efficiency of random testing is presented in this paper. In conventional random testing, each test pattern is selected randomly regardless of the tests previously generated. This pap...A new approach to improve the test efficiency of random testing is presented in this paper. In conventional random testing, each test pattern is selected randomly regardless of the tests previously generated. This paper introduces the concept of random like testing. The method provided appears to have the same concepts as used in random testing,but actually takes an opposite way to it in order to improve the efficiency of random testing.In a random like testing sequence, the total distance among all test patterns is chosen to be maximal so that the fault sets detected by one test pattern are as different as possible from that detected by the tests previously applied. The procedure to construct a random like testing sequence (RLTS) is described in detail. Theorems to justify the effectiveness and usefulness of the procedure presented are developed. Experimental results on benchmark circuits as well as on other circuit are also given to evaluate the performance of the new approach.展开更多
A new probabilistic testability measure is presented to ease test length analyses of random testing and pseudorandom testing.The testability measure given in this paper is oriented to signal conflict of reconvergent f...A new probabilistic testability measure is presented to ease test length analyses of random testing and pseudorandom testing.The testability measure given in this paper is oriented to signal conflict of reconvergent fanouts.Test length analyses in this paper are based on a hard fault set,calculations of which are practicable and simple.Experimental results have been obtained to show the accuracy of this test length analyser in comparison with that of Savir,Chin and McCluskey,and Wunderlich by using a pseudorandom test generator combined with exhaustive fault simulation.展开更多
A control method for Multi-Input Multi-Output（MIMO） non-Gaussian random vibration test with cross spectra consideration is proposed in the paper. The aim of the proposed control method is to replicate the specified ...A control method for Multi-Input Multi-Output（MIMO） non-Gaussian random vibration test with cross spectra consideration is proposed in the paper. The aim of the proposed control method is to replicate the specified references composed of auto spectral densities, cross spectral densities and kurtoses on the test article in the laboratory. It is found that the cross spectral densities will bring intractable coupling problems and induce difficulty for the control of the multioutput kurtoses. Hence, a sequential phase modification method is put forward to solve the coupling problems in multi-input multi-output non-Gaussian random vibration test. To achieve the specified responses, an improved zero memory nonlinear transformation is utilized first to modify the Fourier phases of the signals with sequential phase modification method to obtain one frame reference response signals which satisfy the reference spectra and reference kurtoses. Then, an inverse system method is used in frequency domain to obtain the continuous stationary drive signals. At the same time, the matrix power control algorithm is utilized to control the spectra and kurtoses of the response signals further. At the end of the paper, a simulation example with a cantilever beam and a vibration shaker test are implemented and the results support the proposed method very well.展开更多
In this paper, it is discussed that two tests for varying dispersion of binomial data in the framework of nonlinear logistic models with random effects, which are widely used in analyzing longitudinal binomial data. O...In this paper, it is discussed that two tests for varying dispersion of binomial data in the framework of nonlinear logistic models with random effects, which are widely used in analyzing longitudinal binomial data. One is the individual test and power calculation for varying dispersion through testing the randomness of cluster effects, which is extensions of Dean(1992) and Commenges et al (1994). The second test is the composite test for varying dispersion through simultaneously testing the randomness of cluster effects and the equality of random-effect means. The score test statistics are constructed and expressed in simple, easy to use, matrix formulas. The authors illustrate their test methods using the insecticide data (Giltinan, Capizzi & Malani (1988)).展开更多
Bayes decision rule of variance components for one-way random effects model is derived and empirical Bayes (EB) decision rules are constructed by kernel estimation method. Under suitable conditions, it is shown that t...Bayes decision rule of variance components for one-way random effects model is derived and empirical Bayes (EB) decision rules are constructed by kernel estimation method. Under suitable conditions, it is shown that the proposed EB decision rules are asymptotically optimal with convergence rates near O(n-1/2). Finally, an example concerning the main result is given.展开更多
Both auto-power spectrum and cross-power spectrum need to be controlled in multi-input multi-output （MIMO） random vibration test. During the control process with the difference control algorithm （DCA）, a lower tri...Both auto-power spectrum and cross-power spectrum need to be controlled in multi-input multi-output （MIMO） random vibration test. During the control process with the difference control algorithm （DCA）, a lower triangular matrix is derived from Cholesky decomposition of a reference spectrum matrix. The diagonal elements of the lower triangular matrix （DELTM） may become negative. These negative values have no meaning in physical significance and can cause divergence of auto-power spectrum control. A proportional root mean square control algorithm （PRMSCA） provides another method to avoid the divergence caused by negative values of DELTM, but PRMSCA cannot control the cross-power spectrum. A new control algorithm named matrix power control algorithm （MPCA） is proposed in the paper. MPCA can guarantee that DELTM is always positive in the auto-power spectrum control. MPCA can also control the cross-power spectrum. After these three control algorithms are analyzed, three-input three-output random vibration control tests are implemented on a three-axis vibration shaker. The results show the validity of the proposed MPCA.展开更多
(Co) variance components and genetic parameters were estimated for milk yield of Iranian Holstein cows. A total number of 68,945 milk test-day records of first, second and third lactations of 8515 animals from 100 sir...(Co) variance components and genetic parameters were estimated for milk yield of Iranian Holstein cows. A total number of 68,945 milk test-day records of first, second and third lactations of 8515 animals from 100 sires and 7743 dams originated from 34 herds collected during 2007 to 2009 by Iranian animal breeding center were used. The ASReml computer program was used to analyze the milk test-day records using the random regression procedure. Herd test date (HTD), milking times per day (milking frequency), number of lactations, year of birth, year of calving, age of animal at calving and days in milk (DIM) considered as fixed effects and additive genetic effects and animal permanent environmental effects were considered as the random effects. Additive genetic variance, animal permanent environment variance, residual variance, phenotypic variance, heritability and repeatability were estimated during different months of lactation between 5.7 - 19.6, 15.3 - 27.1, 31.4 - 17.2, 45.8 - 64.83, 0.1 - 0.32 and 0.4 - 0.6, respectively. Genetic correlation and phenotypic correlation were also estimated between months of lactation in range of -0.35 - 0.98 and 0.03 - 0.67, respectively. Genetic correlation and phenotypic correlation both showed the same changing pattern and they decreased as the interval between months of lactation increased.展开更多
Chaos theory has taught us that a system which has both nonlinearity and random input will most likely produce irregular data. If random errors are irregular data, then random error process will raise nonlinearity （K...Chaos theory has taught us that a system which has both nonlinearity and random input will most likely produce irregular data. If random errors are irregular data, then random error process will raise nonlinearity （Kantz and Schreiber （1997））. Tsai （1986） introduced a composite test for autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity in linear models with AR（1） errors. Liu （2003） introduced a composite test for correlation and heteroscedasticity in nonlinear models with DBL（p, 0, 1） errors. Therefore, the important problems in regression model axe detections of bilinearity, correlation and heteroscedasticity. In this article, the authors discuss more general case of nonlinear models with DBL（p, q, 1） random errors by score test. Several statistics for the test of bilinearity, correlation, and heteroscedasticity are obtained, and expressed in simple matrix formulas. The results of regression models with linear errors are extended to those with bilinear errors. The simulation study is carried out to investigate the powers of the test statistics. All results of this article extend and develop results of Tsai （1986）, Wei, et al （1995）, and Liu, et al （2003）.展开更多
Recently, Tavakoli et al.proposed a self-testing scheme in the prepare-and-measure scenario, showing that self-testing is not necessarily based on entanglement and violation of a Bell inequality [Phys.Rev.A 98 062307(...Recently, Tavakoli et al.proposed a self-testing scheme in the prepare-and-measure scenario, showing that self-testing is not necessarily based on entanglement and violation of a Bell inequality [Phys.Rev.A 98 062307(2018)].They realized the self-testing of preparations and measurements in an N → 1(N ≥ 2) random access code(RAC), and provided robustness bounds in a 2 → 1 RAC.Since all N → 1 RACs with shared randomness are combinations of 2 → 1 and 3 → 1 RACs, the3 → 1 RAC is just as important as the 2 → 1 RAC.In this paper, we find a set of preparations and measurements in the3 → 1 RAC, and use them to complete the robustness self-testing analysis in the prepare-and-measure scenario.The method is robust to small but inevitable experimental errors.展开更多
Random vibration test was done on aluminum honeycomb sandwich board. The result suggested that chaotic behavior is found in the test data. The Volterra expression can not be gained from the input and output data direc...Random vibration test was done on aluminum honeycomb sandwich board. The result suggested that chaotic behavior is found in the test data. The Volterra expression can not be gained from the input and output data directly in this paper. The state space reconstruction was used to convert the system observed data into the quasi-input/output pairs, and the second-order Voherra adaptive filter was used to predict the test data. It is shown that combining the state space reconstruction with the Volterra adaptive filter, these chaotic series could be accurately predicted.展开更多
In this paper, we have discussed a random censoring test with incomplete information, and proved that the maximum likelihood estimator(MLE) of the parameter based on the randomly censored data with incomplete informat...In this paper, we have discussed a random censoring test with incomplete information, and proved that the maximum likelihood estimator(MLE) of the parameter based on the randomly censored data with incomplete information in the case of the exponential distribution has the strong consistency.展开更多
The bolt support quality of coal roadways is one of the important factors for the efficiency and security of coal production. By means of a self-developed technique and equipment of random non-destructive testing, non...The bolt support quality of coal roadways is one of the important factors for the efficiency and security of coal production. By means of a self-developed technique and equipment of random non-destructive testing, non-destructive detection and pre-warning analysis on the quality of bolt support in deep roadways of mining districts were performed in a number of mining areas. The measured data were obtained in the detection instances of abnormal in-situ stress and support invalidation etc. The corresponding relation between axial bolt load variation and roadway surrounding rock deformation and stability was summarized in different mining service stages. Pre-warning technology of roadway surrounding rock stability is proposed based on the detection of axial bolt load. Meanwhile, pre-warning indicators of axial bolt load in different mining service stages are offered and some successful pre-warning cases are also illustrated.The research results show that the change rules of axial bolt load in different mining service stages are quite similar in different mining areas. The change of axial bolt load is in accord with the adjustment of surrounding rock stress, which can consequently reflect the deformation and stability state of roadway surrounding rock. Through the detection of axial bolt load in different sections of roadways, the status of real-time bolt support quality can be reflected; meanwhile, the rationality of bolt support design can be evaluated which provides reference for bolting parameters optimization.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of a combined Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) therapy versus conventional treatment on adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.METHODS:One hundred twenty outpatients with mild and mod...OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of a combined Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) therapy versus conventional treatment on adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.METHODS:One hundred twenty outpatients with mild and moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were randomly divided into a TCM group(TCMG)and a brace group(CG).TCMG patients underwent Daoyin,Tuina,and acupotomology therapies.CG patients were treated with a Milwaukee brace.Each patient's Cobb angle was measured after 12 and 24 months of treatment,and pulmonary function was determined after 12 months of treatment.Average electromyogram(AEMG) ratio of the surface electromyogram was measured after 6 and 12 months of treatment and followed-up after 18 and 24 months.RESULTS:The Cobb angle significantly decreased in both groups after 12 months of treatment compared with before treatment(P< 0.05).The percentages of original Cobb angle in TCMG and CG were51.4%and 47.8%(P > 0.05) after 12 months and62.5%and 34.7%(P < 0.05) after 24 months,respectively.Pulmonary function significantly improved after 12 months in TCMG(P < 0.05) but significantly decreased in CG(P < 0.05).The AEMG ratio was significantly lower(P < 0.01) and tended to remain at1 after stopping treatment in TCMG,but increased in CG(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:TCM combined therapy can prevent the progression of scoliosis.The AEMG ratio is a promising index that could replace radiography in the evaluation of treatment effect and progression in scoliosis.展开更多
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF) of Western medication plus Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) preparations.METHODS: This prospective, single-blind, randomized, c...OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF) of Western medication plus Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) preparations.METHODS: This prospective, single-blind, randomized, controlled, and multicenter clinical trial began on September 17, 2008, and was completed on June 25, 2011. A total of 340 inpatients, aged 40-79 years, with exacerbating CHF from 10 hospitals were enrolled and randomly allocated within 24 h of admission. The trial included three intervention periods. During hospitalization, the control group received western medication for CHF and the treatment group received Danhong injection with Shenfu injection or Shenmai injection. After discharge,all patients were treated with Qiliqiangxin capsules and Buyiqiangxin tablets or a placebo for 6 months. After the 6-month intervention, both groups received only continuous western medication. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality.The efficacy assessments were as follows: B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP), Lee's HF score, the 6-minute walking test(6 MWT), left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), and the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire(MLHFQ). The safety assessments were as follows: blood and urine routine examination, hepatic and renal function, electrolytes in blood and adverse events.RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the treatment group showed a 30.99% reduction in all-cause mortality and an improved survival rate.The treatment group showed greater improvement in 6 MWT(P = 0.02) than the control group on discharge, after 12-month follow-up, there was a time-group interaction for MLHFQ(P = 0.03). Incidence rate of adverse events and other relevant safety indexes were not statistically significant between the two groups.CONCLUSION: Western medication plus TCM treatment can increase 6-minute walking distance(improve exercise tolerance) and quality of life with heart failure patients.展开更多
Let {Xn,n ≥ 1} be a sequence of α-stable random variables(0 < α < 2), {ani,1 ≤ i≤ n, n≥1} be an array of constant real numbers. Under some restriction of {ani,1 ≤ i ≤ n,n≥1}, the authors discuss the int...Let {Xn,n ≥ 1} be a sequence of α-stable random variables(0 < α < 2), {ani,1 ≤ i≤ n, n≥1} be an array of constant real numbers. Under some restriction of {ani,1 ≤ i ≤ n,n≥1}, the authors discuss the integral test for the weighted partial sums {Σi=1naniXi,n ≥ 1}, and obtain the Chover's laws of iterated logarithm(LIL) as corollaries.展开更多
In order to understand the vibration characteristic of system structure of electronic equipment cabinet within the particular vibration frequency,the finite element analysis software-ANSYS is used to simulate the test...In order to understand the vibration characteristic of system structure of electronic equipment cabinet within the particular vibration frequency,the finite element analysis software-ANSYS is used to simulate the tests of random vibrations of the cabinet system and obtain the isopleths graph of deformation and stress of the cabinet.It can confirm maximum of deformation and stress of the cabinet and position happened.Through more analysis of the frequency response curve,which can confirm harm- ful consequences random vibrations caused and weak link of the cabinet structure.The numerical simulation results are in good a- greement with the experimental results.It shows that this research provides an efficient method for the anti-seismic design and the dynamic optimization design.展开更多
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (2002AA1Z1490)Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (20040486049)the University Cooperative Research Fund of Huawei Technology Co., Ltd
文摘In order to deal with the limitations during the register transfer level verification, a new functional verification method based on the random testing for the system-level of system-on-chip is proposed.The validity of this method is proven theoretically.Specifically, testcases are generated according to many approaches of randomization.Moreover, the testbench for the system-level verification according to the proposed method is designed by using advanced modeling language.Therefore, under the circumstances that the testbench generates testcases quickly, the hardware/software co-simulation and co-verification can be implemented and the hardware/software partitioning planning can be evaluated easily.The comparison method is put to use in the evaluation approach of the testing validity.The evaluation result indicates that the efficiency of the partition testing is better than that of the random testing only when one or more subdomains are covered over with the area of errors, although the efficiency of the random testing is generally better than that of the partition testing.The experimental result indicates that this method has a good performance in the functional coverage and the cost of testing and can discover the functional errors as soon as possible.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao,Macao SAR(Nos.0021/2023/RIA1 and 0046/2021/A)a Faculty Research Grant of Macao University of Science and Technology(No.FRG-22-103-FIE)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.61872167 and 61502205).
文摘String validation routines have been widely used in many real-world applications,such as email validation and postcode validation.String test cases are adopted to test these validation routines,to identify potential defects and security risks.Random Testing(RT)is a well-known testing approach to randomly generate string test cases from the input domain(i.e.,the set of all possible test inputs),which is simple to implement at a low cost.However,its testing effectiveness may be unsatisfactory for string validation routines.The main reason for this is that RT may have a high probability to generate invalid rather than valid string test cases,due to its randomness property.This research proposes a new RT approach based on the output types(i.e.,valid and invalid strings)for string validation routines,namely Output-type-guided Random Testing(RTO),which attempts to randomly generate both valid and invalid string test cases with a certain probability.This research performed an empirical study involving several real-world string validation routines collected from ten Java open-source projects,to investigate and compare testing performances of RT-O against the previous two widely-used RT methods.The results show that the generated string test cases by RT-O outperform test cases generated by other RT methods.
文摘A new approach to improve the test efficiency of random testing is presented in this paper. In conventional random testing, each test pattern is selected randomly regardless of the tests previously generated. This paper introduces the concept of random like testing. The method provided appears to have the same concepts as used in random testing,but actually takes an opposite way to it in order to improve the efficiency of random testing.In a random like testing sequence, the total distance among all test patterns is chosen to be maximal so that the fault sets detected by one test pattern are as different as possible from that detected by the tests previously applied. The procedure to construct a random like testing sequence (RLTS) is described in detail. Theorems to justify the effectiveness and usefulness of the procedure presented are developed. Experimental results on benchmark circuits as well as on other circuit are also given to evaluate the performance of the new approach.
文摘A new probabilistic testability measure is presented to ease test length analyses of random testing and pseudorandom testing.The testability measure given in this paper is oriented to signal conflict of reconvergent fanouts.Test length analyses in this paper are based on a hard fault set,calculations of which are practicable and simple.Experimental results have been obtained to show the accuracy of this test length analyser in comparison with that of Savir,Chin and McCluskey,and Wunderlich by using a pseudorandom test generator combined with exhaustive fault simulation.
基金supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (No. KYCX17_0234)
文摘A control method for Multi-Input Multi-Output（MIMO） non-Gaussian random vibration test with cross spectra consideration is proposed in the paper. The aim of the proposed control method is to replicate the specified references composed of auto spectral densities, cross spectral densities and kurtoses on the test article in the laboratory. It is found that the cross spectral densities will bring intractable coupling problems and induce difficulty for the control of the multioutput kurtoses. Hence, a sequential phase modification method is put forward to solve the coupling problems in multi-input multi-output non-Gaussian random vibration test. To achieve the specified responses, an improved zero memory nonlinear transformation is utilized first to modify the Fourier phases of the signals with sequential phase modification method to obtain one frame reference response signals which satisfy the reference spectra and reference kurtoses. Then, an inverse system method is used in frequency domain to obtain the continuous stationary drive signals. At the same time, the matrix power control algorithm is utilized to control the spectra and kurtoses of the response signals further. At the end of the paper, a simulation example with a cantilever beam and a vibration shaker test are implemented and the results support the proposed method very well.
基金The project supported by NNSFC (19631040), NSSFC (04BTJ002) and the grant for post-doctor fellows in SELF.
文摘In this paper, it is discussed that two tests for varying dispersion of binomial data in the framework of nonlinear logistic models with random effects, which are widely used in analyzing longitudinal binomial data. One is the individual test and power calculation for varying dispersion through testing the randomness of cluster effects, which is extensions of Dean(1992) and Commenges et al (1994). The second test is the composite test for varying dispersion through simultaneously testing the randomness of cluster effects and the equality of random-effect means. The score test statistics are constructed and expressed in simple, easy to use, matrix formulas. The authors illustrate their test methods using the insecticide data (Giltinan, Capizzi & Malani (1988)).
基金The project is partly supported by NSFC (19971085)the Doctoral Program Foundation of the Institute of High Education and the Special Foundation of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Bayes decision rule of variance components for one-way random effects model is derived and empirical Bayes (EB) decision rules are constructed by kernel estimation method. Under suitable conditions, it is shown that the proposed EB decision rules are asymptotically optimal with convergence rates near O(n-1/2). Finally, an example concerning the main result is given.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China （10972104） The Fundamental Research Funds for NUAA（NS2010007）
文摘Both auto-power spectrum and cross-power spectrum need to be controlled in multi-input multi-output （MIMO） random vibration test. During the control process with the difference control algorithm （DCA）, a lower triangular matrix is derived from Cholesky decomposition of a reference spectrum matrix. The diagonal elements of the lower triangular matrix （DELTM） may become negative. These negative values have no meaning in physical significance and can cause divergence of auto-power spectrum control. A proportional root mean square control algorithm （PRMSCA） provides another method to avoid the divergence caused by negative values of DELTM, but PRMSCA cannot control the cross-power spectrum. A new control algorithm named matrix power control algorithm （MPCA） is proposed in the paper. MPCA can guarantee that DELTM is always positive in the auto-power spectrum control. MPCA can also control the cross-power spectrum. After these three control algorithms are analyzed, three-input three-output random vibration control tests are implemented on a three-axis vibration shaker. The results show the validity of the proposed MPCA.
文摘(Co) variance components and genetic parameters were estimated for milk yield of Iranian Holstein cows. A total number of 68,945 milk test-day records of first, second and third lactations of 8515 animals from 100 sires and 7743 dams originated from 34 herds collected during 2007 to 2009 by Iranian animal breeding center were used. The ASReml computer program was used to analyze the milk test-day records using the random regression procedure. Herd test date (HTD), milking times per day (milking frequency), number of lactations, year of birth, year of calving, age of animal at calving and days in milk (DIM) considered as fixed effects and additive genetic effects and animal permanent environmental effects were considered as the random effects. Additive genetic variance, animal permanent environment variance, residual variance, phenotypic variance, heritability and repeatability were estimated during different months of lactation between 5.7 - 19.6, 15.3 - 27.1, 31.4 - 17.2, 45.8 - 64.83, 0.1 - 0.32 and 0.4 - 0.6, respectively. Genetic correlation and phenotypic correlation were also estimated between months of lactation in range of -0.35 - 0.98 and 0.03 - 0.67, respectively. Genetic correlation and phenotypic correlation both showed the same changing pattern and they decreased as the interval between months of lactation increased.
文摘Chaos theory has taught us that a system which has both nonlinearity and random input will most likely produce irregular data. If random errors are irregular data, then random error process will raise nonlinearity （Kantz and Schreiber （1997））. Tsai （1986） introduced a composite test for autocorrelation and heteroscedasticity in linear models with AR（1） errors. Liu （2003） introduced a composite test for correlation and heteroscedasticity in nonlinear models with DBL（p, 0, 1） errors. Therefore, the important problems in regression model axe detections of bilinearity, correlation and heteroscedasticity. In this article, the authors discuss more general case of nonlinear models with DBL（p, q, 1） random errors by score test. Several statistics for the test of bilinearity, correlation, and heteroscedasticity are obtained, and expressed in simple matrix formulas. The results of regression models with linear errors are extended to those with bilinear errors. The simulation study is carried out to investigate the powers of the test statistics. All results of this article extend and develop results of Tsai （1986）, Wei, et al （1995）, and Liu, et al （2003）.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61572081,61672110,and 61671082)
文摘Recently, Tavakoli et al.proposed a self-testing scheme in the prepare-and-measure scenario, showing that self-testing is not necessarily based on entanglement and violation of a Bell inequality [Phys.Rev.A 98 062307(2018)].They realized the self-testing of preparations and measurements in an N → 1(N ≥ 2) random access code(RAC), and provided robustness bounds in a 2 → 1 RAC.Since all N → 1 RACs with shared randomness are combinations of 2 → 1 and 3 → 1 RACs, the3 → 1 RAC is just as important as the 2 → 1 RAC.In this paper, we find a set of preparations and measurements in the3 → 1 RAC, and use them to complete the robustness self-testing analysis in the prepare-and-measure scenario.The method is robust to small but inevitable experimental errors.
基金Sponsored by the National High Technology Research and Development Programm of China(Grant No.2007AA702202)
文摘Random vibration test was done on aluminum honeycomb sandwich board. The result suggested that chaotic behavior is found in the test data. The Volterra expression can not be gained from the input and output data directly in this paper. The state space reconstruction was used to convert the system observed data into the quasi-input/output pairs, and the second-order Voherra adaptive filter was used to predict the test data. It is shown that combining the state space reconstruction with the Volterra adaptive filter, these chaotic series could be accurately predicted.
文摘In this paper, we have discussed a random censoring test with incomplete information, and proved that the maximum likelihood estimator(MLE) of the parameter based on the randomly censored data with incomplete information in the case of the exponential distribution has the strong consistency.
基金the State Key Research Development Program of China(No.2016YFC0600705)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2015XKZD06)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51227003,51404250,51504243,51474215,51404262 and 51323004)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Nos.BK20150191 and BK20140213)
文摘The bolt support quality of coal roadways is one of the important factors for the efficiency and security of coal production. By means of a self-developed technique and equipment of random non-destructive testing, non-destructive detection and pre-warning analysis on the quality of bolt support in deep roadways of mining districts were performed in a number of mining areas. The measured data were obtained in the detection instances of abnormal in-situ stress and support invalidation etc. The corresponding relation between axial bolt load variation and roadway surrounding rock deformation and stability was summarized in different mining service stages. Pre-warning technology of roadway surrounding rock stability is proposed based on the detection of axial bolt load. Meanwhile, pre-warning indicators of axial bolt load in different mining service stages are offered and some successful pre-warning cases are also illustrated.The research results show that the change rules of axial bolt load in different mining service stages are quite similar in different mining areas. The change of axial bolt load is in accord with the adjustment of surrounding rock stress, which can consequently reflect the deformation and stability state of roadway surrounding rock. Through the detection of axial bolt load in different sections of roadways, the status of real-time bolt support quality can be reflected; meanwhile, the rationality of bolt support design can be evaluated which provides reference for bolting parameters optimization.
基金Supported by Outstanding Youth Fund of the Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Zhejiang Province,China(No.2012ZQ011)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of a combined Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) therapy versus conventional treatment on adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.METHODS:One hundred twenty outpatients with mild and moderate adolescent idiopathic scoliosis were randomly divided into a TCM group(TCMG)and a brace group(CG).TCMG patients underwent Daoyin,Tuina,and acupotomology therapies.CG patients were treated with a Milwaukee brace.Each patient's Cobb angle was measured after 12 and 24 months of treatment,and pulmonary function was determined after 12 months of treatment.Average electromyogram(AEMG) ratio of the surface electromyogram was measured after 6 and 12 months of treatment and followed-up after 18 and 24 months.RESULTS:The Cobb angle significantly decreased in both groups after 12 months of treatment compared with before treatment(P< 0.05).The percentages of original Cobb angle in TCMG and CG were51.4%and 47.8%(P > 0.05) after 12 months and62.5%and 34.7%(P < 0.05) after 24 months,respectively.Pulmonary function significantly improved after 12 months in TCMG(P < 0.05) but significantly decreased in CG(P < 0.05).The AEMG ratio was significantly lower(P < 0.01) and tended to remain at1 after stopping treatment in TCMG,but increased in CG(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:TCM combined therapy can prevent the progression of scoliosis.The AEMG ratio is a promising index that could replace radiography in the evaluation of treatment effect and progression in scoliosis.
基金Supported by National Key Technology R&D Programs in the 11th Five-Year Plan of China:Study on Comprehensive Evaluation Method of Integral Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine Treatment for Heart Failure(No.2006BAI08B02-01)Ministry of Education of People's Republic of China"Program for Innovative Research Team in University"–Research on TCM for the Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases(No.IRT_16R54)Tianjin Science and Technology Program:Tianjin TCM Clinical Medicine Research Center(No.15ZXLCSY00020)
文摘OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety in patients with chronic heart failure(CHF) of Western medication plus Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM) preparations.METHODS: This prospective, single-blind, randomized, controlled, and multicenter clinical trial began on September 17, 2008, and was completed on June 25, 2011. A total of 340 inpatients, aged 40-79 years, with exacerbating CHF from 10 hospitals were enrolled and randomly allocated within 24 h of admission. The trial included three intervention periods. During hospitalization, the control group received western medication for CHF and the treatment group received Danhong injection with Shenfu injection or Shenmai injection. After discharge,all patients were treated with Qiliqiangxin capsules and Buyiqiangxin tablets or a placebo for 6 months. After the 6-month intervention, both groups received only continuous western medication. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality.The efficacy assessments were as follows: B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP), Lee's HF score, the 6-minute walking test(6 MWT), left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), and the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire(MLHFQ). The safety assessments were as follows: blood and urine routine examination, hepatic and renal function, electrolytes in blood and adverse events.RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the treatment group showed a 30.99% reduction in all-cause mortality and an improved survival rate.The treatment group showed greater improvement in 6 MWT(P = 0.02) than the control group on discharge, after 12-month follow-up, there was a time-group interaction for MLHFQ(P = 0.03). Incidence rate of adverse events and other relevant safety indexes were not statistically significant between the two groups.CONCLUSION: Western medication plus TCM treatment can increase 6-minute walking distance(improve exercise tolerance) and quality of life with heart failure patients.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10271120)
文摘Let {Xn,n ≥ 1} be a sequence of α-stable random variables(0 < α < 2), {ani,1 ≤ i≤ n, n≥1} be an array of constant real numbers. Under some restriction of {ani,1 ≤ i ≤ n,n≥1}, the authors discuss the integral test for the weighted partial sums {Σi=1naniXi,n ≥ 1}, and obtain the Chover's laws of iterated logarithm(LIL) as corollaries.
文摘In order to understand the vibration characteristic of system structure of electronic equipment cabinet within the particular vibration frequency,the finite element analysis software-ANSYS is used to simulate the tests of random vibrations of the cabinet system and obtain the isopleths graph of deformation and stress of the cabinet.It can confirm maximum of deformation and stress of the cabinet and position happened.Through more analysis of the frequency response curve,which can confirm harm- ful consequences random vibrations caused and weak link of the cabinet structure.The numerical simulation results are in good a- greement with the experimental results.It shows that this research provides an efficient method for the anti-seismic design and the dynamic optimization design.
