Objective: To investigate the related genes in lung cancer tissues associated with residential high radon exposure. Methods: Differentially expressed gene fragments in lung cancer and normal lung tissues were discover...Objective: To investigate the related genes in lung cancer tissues associated with residential high radon exposure. Methods: Differentially expressed gene fragments in lung cancer and normal lung tissues were discovered by differential display and reverse Northern blot hybridization method. The fragments positive in lung cancer and negative in normal lung tissue were determined. Results: Seven differential displayed fragments were sequenced. One of them named NA7 is 95% homologous with AI208667 in EAT of Genbank. Another fragment named NG2 is up to 98% homologous with five fragments. The remained one CA1 may be a new gene fragment. Conclusion: 3 gene fragments were discovered from lung cancer and normal lung tissues of high radon exposure resident.展开更多
Indoor radon concentrations have become a significant health concern due to their long-term deleterious effects on the lungs.Radon exposure is a leading cause of lung cancer,especially among non-smokers,making it crit...Indoor radon concentrations have become a significant health concern due to their long-term deleterious effects on the lungs.Radon exposure is a leading cause of lung cancer,especially among non-smokers,making it critical to understand the risk factors associated with radon presence.This article evaluates radon levels in a single-family house located to the northwest of Madrid.The study was conducted during both summer and winter seasons,which are the predominant periods for this region.The research aims to analyze the varying radon concentrations observed during these seasons,considering factors such as ventilation,seasonal temperature differences,and the specific construction materials used in the house.The accumulation of radon can be influenced by the permeability of the building’s foundation,materials,and the effectiveness of natural ventilation systems.In winter,reduced ventilation can lead tohigher radon levels due to the sealing of windows and doors to retain heat,while summer conditions may providemore opportunities for ventilation,potentially reducing concentrations.This study examines how these factors interact,exploring the relationship between indoor air quality and radon levels.Measurements before and after ventilationrenewal are included to assess any changes in radon concentrations.The findings aim to provide a better understandingof the behavior of radon in residential settings and offer practical recommendations for mitigating its health risks,especially in homes with poor ventilation and specific construction characteristics.Ultimately,the results could guidestrategies for improving indoor air quality and reducing radon exposure in similar homes.展开更多
Twenty-eight environmental samples (eight well water, sixteen granitic rocks and four soils) were collected from different parts of Adham governorate (Adham, Haqal and Al-Jaizah), to assess the radiological hazard and...Twenty-eight environmental samples (eight well water, sixteen granitic rocks and four soils) were collected from different parts of Adham governorate (Adham, Haqal and Al-Jaizah), to assess the radiological hazard and cancer risk from different perspectives. Adham is situated in a valley between two granitic mountain chains, where much of water supply for drinking, house use and irrigation comes from wells collecting water rains. The activity concentrations of naturally occurring <sup>40</sup>K, <sup>226</sup>Ra and <sup>232</sup>Th and radionuclides were measured by gamma-ray spectrometry for all samples using RGK-1, RGU-1 and RGTh-1, IAEA reference standards issued by the International Atomic Energy Agency, for detector efficiency calibration. The measured values were utilized to evaluate the internal and external exposures both outdoors and indoors. Different standard room models were adopted for this respect to evaluate the indoor gamma-rays exposure from construction materials as well as internal exposure to radon gas emanating from them. Radon concentration indoors, exceeded the upper reference level in dwellings set at 300 Bq/m<sup>3</sup> by the world health organization, in many scenarios. The mean value of the total excess lifetime cancer risk (due to external exposure from gamma-rays) was 2.29 × 10<sup>-3</sup>, above the world average value of 1.45 × 10<sup>-3</sup>. Furthermore, the measured radon concentrations in all water samples exceeded the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) 11.1 Bq·L<sup>-1</sup> standard for drinking water, ranging from 12 to 38 Bq·L<sup>-1</sup> with a mean value of 27 Bq·L<sup>-1</sup>. The total annual effective dose (due to inhalation and ingestion) from radon in water, ranged from 58 to 192 μSv/y (for adults) exceeding the international permissible limit of 100 μSv/y, in seven out of eight samples. According to obtained results, the internal exposure from radon in directly used water from wells, might be the major reason of any suspected radiological health hazard especially in Haqal. The second reason might be the internal exposure from indoor radon gas inhalation in poorly ventilated dwellings.展开更多
The annex B of the UNSCEAR 2019 Report presented a comprehensive review of dosimetric and epidemiological assessments published in the period 2006 to 2017 for deriving conversion factors for calculating the dose from ...The annex B of the UNSCEAR 2019 Report presented a comprehensive review of dosimetric and epidemiological assessments published in the period 2006 to 2017 for deriving conversion factors for calculating the dose from a given exposure to radon(222Rn).The conversion factor is needed for comparison purposes with other sources of radiation exposure.Even though extensive research has been conducted,uncertainties remain large.Given that the uncertainties from both dosimetric and epidemiological studies give rise to a broad range of risk estimates and the fact that values from the current dosimetry and epidemiological reviews are consistent with those used in previous UNSCEAR reports,the Committee recommends the continued use of the dose conversion factor of 9 nSv·(h·Bq·m^(-3))^(-1) equilibrium equivalent concentration of ^(222)Rn for estimating radon exposure levels to a population.This paper summarizes the findings of UNSCEAR's scientific evaluations and its decision regarding the dose conversion factor for population exposure to radon.Research needs for better assessing doses to the lung and risks of lung cancer from exposure to radon are also discussed.展开更多
Objective: To assess if there is a relationship between residential radon exposure and two lung cancer histologicaltypes, small-cell carcinoma (diagnosed in people with a smoking history) and adenocarcinoma (the mostc...Objective: To assess if there is a relationship between residential radon exposure and two lung cancer histologicaltypes, small-cell carcinoma (diagnosed in people with a smoking history) and adenocarcinoma (the mostcommonly diagnosed histologic type in people who have never smoked) among males and females in Canada.Methods: With survey data of long-term radon measurements in residential homes, long-term averaged tobaccoconsumption rates in the units of cigarettes per day per person and long-term averaged age-standardized lungcancer incidence rates at provincial level, simple linear fitting (ANOVA linear regression) was applied in this studyto determine the effect on lung cancer induction by smoking and exposure to indoor radon, and to assess if there isa relationship between residential radon exposure and lung cancer histological types.Results: Lung cancer incidence rates correlate very well with the tobacco consumption rates (P < 0.05). However,females appear to be more likely than males to develop lung cancer at a given amount of cigarette consumption.For both small-cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, a statistically significant correlation between incidence rateand mean radon concentration was observed for females, the correlation was much stronger for adenocarcinoma(P = 0.0057) than small-cell carcinoma (P = 0.0483). However, there was no such correlation for males.Conclusion: It is possible that female non-smokers are more susceptible to radon-induced lung cancer, and the jointeffect of radon exposure and tobacco smoking may be worse in female smokers compared to males, such thathigher incidence rate of adenocarcinoma among females compared to males were observed in recent decades,even though females never smoked more than males.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 39970235).
文摘Objective: To investigate the related genes in lung cancer tissues associated with residential high radon exposure. Methods: Differentially expressed gene fragments in lung cancer and normal lung tissues were discovered by differential display and reverse Northern blot hybridization method. The fragments positive in lung cancer and negative in normal lung tissue were determined. Results: Seven differential displayed fragments were sequenced. One of them named NA7 is 95% homologous with AI208667 in EAT of Genbank. Another fragment named NG2 is up to 98% homologous with five fragments. The remained one CA1 may be a new gene fragment. Conclusion: 3 gene fragments were discovered from lung cancer and normal lung tissues of high radon exposure resident.
基金The project reference is PID2023-151422OB-I00 and was funded by the Ministry of Science,Innovation and Universities of Spain and the European Regional Development Fund(ERDF)of the European Union.
文摘Indoor radon concentrations have become a significant health concern due to their long-term deleterious effects on the lungs.Radon exposure is a leading cause of lung cancer,especially among non-smokers,making it critical to understand the risk factors associated with radon presence.This article evaluates radon levels in a single-family house located to the northwest of Madrid.The study was conducted during both summer and winter seasons,which are the predominant periods for this region.The research aims to analyze the varying radon concentrations observed during these seasons,considering factors such as ventilation,seasonal temperature differences,and the specific construction materials used in the house.The accumulation of radon can be influenced by the permeability of the building’s foundation,materials,and the effectiveness of natural ventilation systems.In winter,reduced ventilation can lead tohigher radon levels due to the sealing of windows and doors to retain heat,while summer conditions may providemore opportunities for ventilation,potentially reducing concentrations.This study examines how these factors interact,exploring the relationship between indoor air quality and radon levels.Measurements before and after ventilationrenewal are included to assess any changes in radon concentrations.The findings aim to provide a better understandingof the behavior of radon in residential settings and offer practical recommendations for mitigating its health risks,especially in homes with poor ventilation and specific construction characteristics.Ultimately,the results could guidestrategies for improving indoor air quality and reducing radon exposure in similar homes.
文摘Twenty-eight environmental samples (eight well water, sixteen granitic rocks and four soils) were collected from different parts of Adham governorate (Adham, Haqal and Al-Jaizah), to assess the radiological hazard and cancer risk from different perspectives. Adham is situated in a valley between two granitic mountain chains, where much of water supply for drinking, house use and irrigation comes from wells collecting water rains. The activity concentrations of naturally occurring <sup>40</sup>K, <sup>226</sup>Ra and <sup>232</sup>Th and radionuclides were measured by gamma-ray spectrometry for all samples using RGK-1, RGU-1 and RGTh-1, IAEA reference standards issued by the International Atomic Energy Agency, for detector efficiency calibration. The measured values were utilized to evaluate the internal and external exposures both outdoors and indoors. Different standard room models were adopted for this respect to evaluate the indoor gamma-rays exposure from construction materials as well as internal exposure to radon gas emanating from them. Radon concentration indoors, exceeded the upper reference level in dwellings set at 300 Bq/m<sup>3</sup> by the world health organization, in many scenarios. The mean value of the total excess lifetime cancer risk (due to external exposure from gamma-rays) was 2.29 × 10<sup>-3</sup>, above the world average value of 1.45 × 10<sup>-3</sup>. Furthermore, the measured radon concentrations in all water samples exceeded the EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) 11.1 Bq·L<sup>-1</sup> standard for drinking water, ranging from 12 to 38 Bq·L<sup>-1</sup> with a mean value of 27 Bq·L<sup>-1</sup>. The total annual effective dose (due to inhalation and ingestion) from radon in water, ranged from 58 to 192 μSv/y (for adults) exceeding the international permissible limit of 100 μSv/y, in seven out of eight samples. According to obtained results, the internal exposure from radon in directly used water from wells, might be the major reason of any suspected radiological health hazard especially in Haqal. The second reason might be the internal exposure from indoor radon gas inhalation in poorly ventilated dwellings.
文摘The annex B of the UNSCEAR 2019 Report presented a comprehensive review of dosimetric and epidemiological assessments published in the period 2006 to 2017 for deriving conversion factors for calculating the dose from a given exposure to radon(222Rn).The conversion factor is needed for comparison purposes with other sources of radiation exposure.Even though extensive research has been conducted,uncertainties remain large.Given that the uncertainties from both dosimetric and epidemiological studies give rise to a broad range of risk estimates and the fact that values from the current dosimetry and epidemiological reviews are consistent with those used in previous UNSCEAR reports,the Committee recommends the continued use of the dose conversion factor of 9 nSv·(h·Bq·m^(-3))^(-1) equilibrium equivalent concentration of ^(222)Rn for estimating radon exposure levels to a population.This paper summarizes the findings of UNSCEAR's scientific evaluations and its decision regarding the dose conversion factor for population exposure to radon.Research needs for better assessing doses to the lung and risks of lung cancer from exposure to radon are also discussed.
文摘Objective: To assess if there is a relationship between residential radon exposure and two lung cancer histologicaltypes, small-cell carcinoma (diagnosed in people with a smoking history) and adenocarcinoma (the mostcommonly diagnosed histologic type in people who have never smoked) among males and females in Canada.Methods: With survey data of long-term radon measurements in residential homes, long-term averaged tobaccoconsumption rates in the units of cigarettes per day per person and long-term averaged age-standardized lungcancer incidence rates at provincial level, simple linear fitting (ANOVA linear regression) was applied in this studyto determine the effect on lung cancer induction by smoking and exposure to indoor radon, and to assess if there isa relationship between residential radon exposure and lung cancer histological types.Results: Lung cancer incidence rates correlate very well with the tobacco consumption rates (P < 0.05). However,females appear to be more likely than males to develop lung cancer at a given amount of cigarette consumption.For both small-cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, a statistically significant correlation between incidence rateand mean radon concentration was observed for females, the correlation was much stronger for adenocarcinoma(P = 0.0057) than small-cell carcinoma (P = 0.0483). However, there was no such correlation for males.Conclusion: It is possible that female non-smokers are more susceptible to radon-induced lung cancer, and the jointeffect of radon exposure and tobacco smoking may be worse in female smokers compared to males, such thathigher incidence rate of adenocarcinoma among females compared to males were observed in recent decades,even though females never smoked more than males.
