The stoichiometric matrix of a simplified metabolic network inBacillus Subtillis was constructed from the flux balance equations,which were used for reconciliation of the measured rates anddetermination of the inner m...The stoichiometric matrix of a simplified metabolic network inBacillus Subtillis was constructed from the flux balance equations,which were used for reconciliation of the measured rates anddetermination of the inner metabolic rates. Thus more reliableresults of the true and empirical maintenance coefficients wereobtained. The true maintenance coefficient is linearly related to thespecific growth rate and changes with the P/O ratio. The measuredbiomass yield of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is also linearlyrelated to the P/O ratio.展开更多
Measurement error of unbalance's vibration response plays a crucial role in calibration and on-line updating of influence coefficient(IC).Focusing on the two problems that the moment estimator of data used in cali...Measurement error of unbalance's vibration response plays a crucial role in calibration and on-line updating of influence coefficient(IC).Focusing on the two problems that the moment estimator of data used in calibration process cannot fulfill the accuracy requirement under small sample and the disturbance of measurement error cannot be effectively suppressed in updating process,an IC calibration and on-line updating method based on hierarchical Bayesian method for automatic dynamic balancing machine was proposed.During calibration process,for the repeatedly-measured data obtained from experiments with different trial weights,according to the fact that measurement error of each sensor had the same statistical characteristics,the joint posterior distribution model for the true values of the vibration response under all trial weights and measurement error was established.During the updating process,information obtained from calibration was regarded as prior information,which was utilized to update the posterior distribution of IC combined with the real-time reference information to implement online updating.Moreover,Gibbs sampling method of Markov Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)was adopted to obtain the maximum posterior estimation of parameters to be estimated.On the independent developed dynamic balancing testbed,prediction was carried out for multiple groups of data through the proposed method and the traditional method respectively,the result indicated that estimator of influence coefficient obtained through the proposed method had higher accuracy;the proposed updating method more effectively guaranteed the measurement accuracy during the whole producing process,and meantime more reasonably compromised between the sensitivity of IC change and suppression of randomness of vibration response.展开更多
Typical rotors such as those on steam turbine or generator are often supported by two bearings with two balance planes at both ends.Vibrations are monitored by a pair of proximity probes at each bearing.There are two ...Typical rotors such as those on steam turbine or generator are often supported by two bearings with two balance planes at both ends.Vibrations are monitored by a pair of proximity probes at each bearing.There are two approaches to reduce 1X vibration due to unbalance at both ends via balancing with influence coefficient method.The first approach is to treat it as a multiple-plane balancing problem involving 2x2 matrix of complex influence coefficients.The second approach is to treat it as two single-plane balance problems using static(in-phase)and couple(180 degree out-of-phase)components,respectively.Conversion equations of influence coefficients between these two approaches have been found previously by the author.The corresponding spreadsheets that convert influence coefficients between these two formats are presented in the current paper.The paper shows effectiveness of these conversion equations in dealing with real balancing problems in the field.A detailed balance case is presented to demonstrate how the conversion equations are used to reduce vibration effectively.展开更多
This article lists all possible conversion equations of influence coefficients(ICs)with different formats when some of these are known to handle two-plane balancing tasks with no or less trial weight runs.There are tw...This article lists all possible conversion equations of influence coefficients(ICs)with different formats when some of these are known to handle two-plane balancing tasks with no or less trial weight runs.There are two approaches for two-plane balancing.One can treat it as a multi-plane balance problem involving a 2×2 matrix of complex ICs where two direct ICs along with two cross-effect ICs are generated so that correction weights at one or two balance planes can be determined.One can also apply a static pare(in-phase)and/or couple pair(180 degrees out-of-phase)weights for balancing.The latter approach has been used quite often in the field,especially on steam turbine and generator rotors.Dependent on vibration mode shapes and combinations as well as balance plane accessibility,sometimes applying static or couple pair weights can be a wise choice;other times weights at one or two end planes are needed.There are totally 4 possible sets of IC data due to weights at plane 1,plane 2,static pair,and couple pair.IC data would typically be obtained by applying trial weights followed by trial weight runs.It is found,however,that all these IC data can be converted easily without trial weight runs once any two of 4 sets are known.The above findings and conversion equations have been obtained analytically and verified by experimental results.Real cases are given to demonstratetheirapplications.展开更多
Based on the model structure of the influence coefficient method analyzed in depth by matrix theory ,it is explained the reason why the unreasonable and instable correction masses with bigger MSE are obtained by LS in...Based on the model structure of the influence coefficient method analyzed in depth by matrix theory ,it is explained the reason why the unreasonable and instable correction masses with bigger MSE are obtained by LS influence coefficient method when there are correlation planes in the dynamic balancing. It also presencd the new ridge regression method for solving correction masses according to the Tikhonov regularization theory, and described the reason why the ridge regression can eliminate the disadvantage of the LS method. Applying this new method to dynamic balancing of gas turbine, it is found that this method is superior to the LS method when influence coefficient matrix is ill-conditioned,the minimal correction masses and residual vibration are obtained in the dynamic balancing of rotors.展开更多
The cubic-quintic nonlinear Schroedinger equation （CQNLS） plays important parts in the optical fiber and the nuclear hydrodynamics. By using the homogeneous balance principle, the bell type, kink type, algebraic sol...The cubic-quintic nonlinear Schroedinger equation （CQNLS） plays important parts in the optical fiber and the nuclear hydrodynamics. By using the homogeneous balance principle, the bell type, kink type, algebraic solitary waves, and trigonometric traveling waves for the cubic-quintic nonlinear Schroedinger equation with variable coefficients （vCQNLS） are derived with the aid of a set of subsidiary high-order ordinary differential equations （sub-equations for short）. The method used in this paper might help one to derive the exact solutions for the other high-order nonlinear evolution equations, and shows the new application of the homogeneous balance principle.展开更多
We present definitions of the correlation degree and correlation coefficient of multi-output functions. Two relationships about the correlation degree of multi-output functions are proved. One is between the correlati...We present definitions of the correlation degree and correlation coefficient of multi-output functions. Two relationships about the correlation degree of multi-output functions are proved. One is between the correlation degree and independency, the other is between the correlation degree and balance. Especially the paper discusses the correlation degree of affine multioutput functions. We demonstrate properties of the correlation coefficient of multi-output functions. One is the value range of the correlation coefficient, one is the relationship between the correlation coefficient and independency, and another is the sufficient and necessary condition that two multi-output functions are equivalent to each other.展开更多
The aerodynamic performances of a passenger car and a box car with different heights of windbreak walls under strong wind were studied using the numerical simulations, and the changes of aerodynamic side force, lift f...The aerodynamic performances of a passenger car and a box car with different heights of windbreak walls under strong wind were studied using the numerical simulations, and the changes of aerodynamic side force, lift force and overturning moment with different wind speeds and wall heights were calculated. According to the principle of static moment balance of vehicles, the overturning coefficients of trains with different wind speeds and wall heights were obtained. Based on the influence of wind speed and wall height on the aerodynamic performance and the overturning stability of trains, a method of determination of the load balance ranges for the train operation safety was proposed, which made the overturning coefficient have nearly closed interval. A min(|A1|+|A2|), s.t. |A1|→|A2|(A1 refers to the downwind overturning coefficient and A2 refers to the upwind overturning coefficient)was found. This minimum value helps to lower the wall height as much as possible, and meanwhile, guarantees the operation safety of various types of trains under strong wind. This method has been used for the construction and improvement of the windbreak walls along the Lanzhou–Xinjiang railway(from Lanzhou to Urumqi, China).展开更多
By using the homogeneous balance principle（HBP）, we derive a Backtund transformation（BT） to the generalized dispersive long wave equation with variable coefficients.Based on the BT, we give many kinds of the exact...By using the homogeneous balance principle（HBP）, we derive a Backtund transformation（BT） to the generalized dispersive long wave equation with variable coefficients.Based on the BT, we give many kinds of the exact solutions of the equation, such as, singlesolitary solutions, multi-soliton solutions and generalized exact solutions.展开更多
A Large balancing weight may be obtained by calculation, when the ordinary influence coefficient method is used. In this paper, a new residual value balance method is recommended. The fundamental idea of the new metho...A Large balancing weight may be obtained by calculation, when the ordinary influence coefficient method is used. In this paper, a new residual value balance method is recommended. The fundamental idea of the new method is on the principle of getting the minimized weight on condition that the vibration values at various points are less than the admitted ones. Experimental results show that this method is effective for balancing the insensitive rotor and rotors with special dynamic characteristics.展开更多
The current study proposes a novel method using Excel Solver to estimate, from limited data, crop coefficient （Kc） in paddy fields under intermittent irrigation （11）. The proposed method was examined in a field ex...The current study proposes a novel method using Excel Solver to estimate, from limited data, crop coefficient （Kc） in paddy fields under intermittent irrigation （11）. The proposed method was examined in a field experiment conducted at Karang Sari Village, Bekasi, West Java, Indonesia during the first rice season of 2007/2008 （December 2007 to April 2008） in the rainy season. As the control, continuous flooding irrigation （CF） was applied to the conventional rice cultivation fields. Based on the observed water storage, Excel Solver was used to estimate crop evapotranspiration. Estimated crop evapotranspiration was used to compute Kc value, then the average Kc values at each growth stage were compared with that for the CF treatment. The estimation method was evaluated by comparing estimated crop evapotranspiration and the crop evapotranspiration derived by the well established FAO procedure. Excel Solver estimated crop evapotranspiration accurately with R2 values higher than 0.81. Accordingly, more than 81% of the FAO crop evapotranspiration was described by the proposed method. Thus, Kc value could be well determined from those estimated crop evapotranspiration. Under the II treatment, the average Kc values were 0.70, 1.06, 1.24 and 1：22 for the initial, crop development, reproductive and late stages, respectively. These values were lower than those under the CF treatment for initial and crop development stages because of a minimal soil evaporation and intense dryness during these stages. However, average Kc values under the II treatment were higher than those under the CF treatment at the reproductive and late stages, indicating that the II treatment promoted more plant activity particularly for dry biomass production as indicated by a greater number of tillers per hill.展开更多
The images capture in a bad environment usually loses its fidelity and contrast.As the light rays travel towards its destination they get scattered several times due to the tiny particles of fog and pollutants in the ...The images capture in a bad environment usually loses its fidelity and contrast.As the light rays travel towards its destination they get scattered several times due to the tiny particles of fog and pollutants in the environment,therefore the energy gets lost due to multiple scattering till it arrives its destination,and this degrades the images.So the images taken in bad weather appear in bad quality.Therefore,single image haze removal is quite a bit tough task.Significant research has been done in the haze removal algorithm but in all the techniques,the coefficient of scattering is taken as a constant according to the homogeneous atmosphere but in real time this does not happen.Therefore,this paper introduces a simple and efficient method so that the scattering coefficient becomes variable according to the inhomogeneous environment.Then,this research aims to remove the haze with the help of a fast and effective algorithm i.e.,Prior Color Fading,according to the inhomogeneous environmental properties.Thereby,to filter the depth map,the authors used a weighted guided image filtering which removes the drawbacks of guided image filter.Afterwards the scattering coefficient is made variable according to the inhomogeneous atmosphere and then the Simple Color Balance Algorithm is applied so that the readability property of images can be increased.The proposed method tested on various general outdoor images and synthetic hazy images and analyzed on various parameters Mean Square Error(MSE),Root Mean Square Error(RMSE),Peak Signal to Noise Ratio(PSNR),Mean Structural Similarity(MSSIM)and the Universal Objective Quality Index(UQI).Experimental results for the proposed method show that the proposed approach provides better results as compared to the state-of-the-art haze removal algorithms.展开更多
In order to clarify the characteristics of non-uniform water invasion in water-bearing gas reservoirs,it is necessary to introduce the nonuniformity coefficient(A)and water invasion constant(B)to characterize the non-...In order to clarify the characteristics of non-uniform water invasion in water-bearing gas reservoirs,it is necessary to introduce the nonuniformity coefficient(A)and water invasion constant(B)to characterize the non-uniformity degree of reservoir physical properties and the activity degree of peripheral water,respectively,based on the dual mechanism of water invasion to recharge the formation energy and seal off the gas in the reservoir.Then,the material balance method considering the phenomenon of water sealed gas was established.On this basis,the water invasion characteristic curve chart of water-bearing gas reservoirs was plotted,and the non-uniform water invasion mode was classified based on the example gas reservoir.And the following research results were obtained.First,in the water invasion characteristic curve chart of waterbearing gas reservoirs which is plotted based on the material balance method considering the influence of water sealed gas,the upper right area and the lower left area are defined as recharge area and seal area,respectively.By taking A=0 and B=2 as the boundary,the recharge area is divided into strong recharge area and weak recharge area.By taking A=2 and B=2 as the boundary,the seal area is divided into strong seal area and weak seal area.And correspondingly there are four water invasion modes,i.e.,strong recharge,weak recharge,weak seal and strong seal.Second,for fractured gas reservoirs,the non-uniformity degree of reservoir physical properties is high,and water sealed gas can be formed easily after water invasion.The dimensionless relative pseudo-pressure data of this type of gas reservoir is located in the seal area of the water invasion characteristic curve chart.Third,for the gas reservoirs whose reservoir physical properties are relatively uniform,the dimensionless relative pseudo-pressure data is located in the recharge area of the water invasion characteristic curve chart,and the recharge effect of water invasion on formation energy is greater than the weakening effect of water sealed gas on formation energy.Fourth,with the increase of A,the non-uniformity degree of reservoir physical properties increases,the water invasion characteristic curve shifts from the upper right to the lower left,and the recovery factor of gas reservoir decreases continuously.With the increase of B,the recharge effect of water invasion on formation energy and the weakening effect of water sealed gas on formation energy are both weakened,the distribution range of water invasion characteristic curve narrows to the recharge/seal boundary,and the corresponding range of gas reservoir recovery factor also narrows.展开更多
The cities of China are in the period of rapid development of urbanization. The practical problems, which faced by urban traffic planning, include an effective prediction for the traffic volume. This paper, combining ...The cities of China are in the period of rapid development of urbanization. The practical problems, which faced by urban traffic planning, include an effective prediction for the traffic volume. This paper, combining the example of Cangzhou’s traffic planning, analyzes the differences on land use between the new and the old district, including its influence to the residents. It also analyzes the relationship of travel features and the coefficient of job/housing balance in the new and the old district;furthermore, it corrects the result of traditional gravity model by using balance’s coefficient. Through this study, we find that the corrected model deals with the problem of travel forecasting’s deviation, which is closer to the physic truth. In the meanwhile, we suggested paying more attention to the relationship of land use and housing/jobs in the district plan, in this way, it will reduce the traffic demand radically and optimize the traffic structure.展开更多
In this paper, the Auto-B?cklund transformation connected with the homogeneous balance method (HB) and the extended tanh-function method are used to construct new exact solutions for the time-dependent coefficients Ca...In this paper, the Auto-B?cklund transformation connected with the homogeneous balance method (HB) and the extended tanh-function method are used to construct new exact solutions for the time-dependent coefficients Calogero-Degasperis (VCCD) equation. New soliton and periodic solutions of many types are obtained. Furthermore, the soliton propagation is discussed under the effect of the variable coefficients.展开更多
The theory and application of automatic balance technology for the rigid rotor is re- searched. New analysis about the mechanical model of vibratory system is done in view of feature of automatic balance, and the resu...The theory and application of automatic balance technology for the rigid rotor is re- searched. New analysis about the mechanical model of vibratory system is done in view of feature of automatic balance, and the result is that the accurate model of system can be gained by compensa- tion method and the traditional principle error of balance machines both for soft and hard bearing can be overcome. The automatic balance testing theory for sofi and hard bearing machines is pro- posed. The automatic balance system has been developed and the function and technical key is also introduced in detail.展开更多
基金Supported by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20036010) and the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. 20028607).
文摘The stoichiometric matrix of a simplified metabolic network inBacillus Subtillis was constructed from the flux balance equations,which were used for reconciliation of the measured rates anddetermination of the inner metabolic rates. Thus more reliableresults of the true and empirical maintenance coefficients wereobtained. The true maintenance coefficient is linearly related to thespecific growth rate and changes with the P/O ratio. The measuredbiomass yield of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is also linearlyrelated to the P/O ratio.
基金supported by National Hi-tech Research and Development Program of China(863 Program,Grant No.2008 AA04Z114)
文摘Measurement error of unbalance's vibration response plays a crucial role in calibration and on-line updating of influence coefficient(IC).Focusing on the two problems that the moment estimator of data used in calibration process cannot fulfill the accuracy requirement under small sample and the disturbance of measurement error cannot be effectively suppressed in updating process,an IC calibration and on-line updating method based on hierarchical Bayesian method for automatic dynamic balancing machine was proposed.During calibration process,for the repeatedly-measured data obtained from experiments with different trial weights,according to the fact that measurement error of each sensor had the same statistical characteristics,the joint posterior distribution model for the true values of the vibration response under all trial weights and measurement error was established.During the updating process,information obtained from calibration was regarded as prior information,which was utilized to update the posterior distribution of IC combined with the real-time reference information to implement online updating.Moreover,Gibbs sampling method of Markov Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)was adopted to obtain the maximum posterior estimation of parameters to be estimated.On the independent developed dynamic balancing testbed,prediction was carried out for multiple groups of data through the proposed method and the traditional method respectively,the result indicated that estimator of influence coefficient obtained through the proposed method had higher accuracy;the proposed updating method more effectively guaranteed the measurement accuracy during the whole producing process,and meantime more reasonably compromised between the sensitivity of IC change and suppression of randomness of vibration response.
文摘Typical rotors such as those on steam turbine or generator are often supported by two bearings with two balance planes at both ends.Vibrations are monitored by a pair of proximity probes at each bearing.There are two approaches to reduce 1X vibration due to unbalance at both ends via balancing with influence coefficient method.The first approach is to treat it as a multiple-plane balancing problem involving 2x2 matrix of complex influence coefficients.The second approach is to treat it as two single-plane balance problems using static(in-phase)and couple(180 degree out-of-phase)components,respectively.Conversion equations of influence coefficients between these two approaches have been found previously by the author.The corresponding spreadsheets that convert influence coefficients between these two formats are presented in the current paper.The paper shows effectiveness of these conversion equations in dealing with real balancing problems in the field.A detailed balance case is presented to demonstrate how the conversion equations are used to reduce vibration effectively.
文摘This article lists all possible conversion equations of influence coefficients(ICs)with different formats when some of these are known to handle two-plane balancing tasks with no or less trial weight runs.There are two approaches for two-plane balancing.One can treat it as a multi-plane balance problem involving a 2×2 matrix of complex ICs where two direct ICs along with two cross-effect ICs are generated so that correction weights at one or two balance planes can be determined.One can also apply a static pare(in-phase)and/or couple pair(180 degrees out-of-phase)weights for balancing.The latter approach has been used quite often in the field,especially on steam turbine and generator rotors.Dependent on vibration mode shapes and combinations as well as balance plane accessibility,sometimes applying static or couple pair weights can be a wise choice;other times weights at one or two end planes are needed.There are totally 4 possible sets of IC data due to weights at plane 1,plane 2,static pair,and couple pair.IC data would typically be obtained by applying trial weights followed by trial weight runs.It is found,however,that all these IC data can be converted easily without trial weight runs once any two of 4 sets are known.The above findings and conversion equations have been obtained analytically and verified by experimental results.Real cases are given to demonstratetheirapplications.
文摘Based on the model structure of the influence coefficient method analyzed in depth by matrix theory ,it is explained the reason why the unreasonable and instable correction masses with bigger MSE are obtained by LS influence coefficient method when there are correlation planes in the dynamic balancing. It also presencd the new ridge regression method for solving correction masses according to the Tikhonov regularization theory, and described the reason why the ridge regression can eliminate the disadvantage of the LS method. Applying this new method to dynamic balancing of gas turbine, it is found that this method is superior to the LS method when influence coefficient matrix is ill-conditioned,the minimal correction masses and residual vibration are obtained in the dynamic balancing of rotors.
基金The project supported in part by Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province of China under Grant No. 2006110002 and the Science Foundation of Henan University of Science and Technology under Grant No. 2004ZD002
文摘The cubic-quintic nonlinear Schroedinger equation （CQNLS） plays important parts in the optical fiber and the nuclear hydrodynamics. By using the homogeneous balance principle, the bell type, kink type, algebraic solitary waves, and trigonometric traveling waves for the cubic-quintic nonlinear Schroedinger equation with variable coefficients （vCQNLS） are derived with the aid of a set of subsidiary high-order ordinary differential equations （sub-equations for short）. The method used in this paper might help one to derive the exact solutions for the other high-order nonlinear evolution equations, and shows the new application of the homogeneous balance principle.
文摘We present definitions of the correlation degree and correlation coefficient of multi-output functions. Two relationships about the correlation degree of multi-output functions are proved. One is between the correlation degree and independency, the other is between the correlation degree and balance. Especially the paper discusses the correlation degree of affine multioutput functions. We demonstrate properties of the correlation coefficient of multi-output functions. One is the value range of the correlation coefficient, one is the relationship between the correlation coefficient and independency, and another is the sufficient and necessary condition that two multi-output functions are equivalent to each other.
基金Project(U1334203) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The aerodynamic performances of a passenger car and a box car with different heights of windbreak walls under strong wind were studied using the numerical simulations, and the changes of aerodynamic side force, lift force and overturning moment with different wind speeds and wall heights were calculated. According to the principle of static moment balance of vehicles, the overturning coefficients of trains with different wind speeds and wall heights were obtained. Based on the influence of wind speed and wall height on the aerodynamic performance and the overturning stability of trains, a method of determination of the load balance ranges for the train operation safety was proposed, which made the overturning coefficient have nearly closed interval. A min(|A1|+|A2|), s.t. |A1|→|A2|(A1 refers to the downwind overturning coefficient and A2 refers to the upwind overturning coefficient)was found. This minimum value helps to lower the wall height as much as possible, and meanwhile, guarantees the operation safety of various types of trains under strong wind. This method has been used for the construction and improvement of the windbreak walls along the Lanzhou–Xinjiang railway(from Lanzhou to Urumqi, China).
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Education Committee of Henan Province（2003110003）
文摘By using the homogeneous balance principle（HBP）, we derive a Backtund transformation（BT） to the generalized dispersive long wave equation with variable coefficients.Based on the BT, we give many kinds of the exact solutions of the equation, such as, singlesolitary solutions, multi-soliton solutions and generalized exact solutions.
文摘A Large balancing weight may be obtained by calculation, when the ordinary influence coefficient method is used. In this paper, a new residual value balance method is recommended. The fundamental idea of the new method is on the principle of getting the minimized weight on condition that the vibration values at various points are less than the admitted ones. Experimental results show that this method is effective for balancing the insensitive rotor and rotors with special dynamic characteristics.
文摘The current study proposes a novel method using Excel Solver to estimate, from limited data, crop coefficient （Kc） in paddy fields under intermittent irrigation （11）. The proposed method was examined in a field experiment conducted at Karang Sari Village, Bekasi, West Java, Indonesia during the first rice season of 2007/2008 （December 2007 to April 2008） in the rainy season. As the control, continuous flooding irrigation （CF） was applied to the conventional rice cultivation fields. Based on the observed water storage, Excel Solver was used to estimate crop evapotranspiration. Estimated crop evapotranspiration was used to compute Kc value, then the average Kc values at each growth stage were compared with that for the CF treatment. The estimation method was evaluated by comparing estimated crop evapotranspiration and the crop evapotranspiration derived by the well established FAO procedure. Excel Solver estimated crop evapotranspiration accurately with R2 values higher than 0.81. Accordingly, more than 81% of the FAO crop evapotranspiration was described by the proposed method. Thus, Kc value could be well determined from those estimated crop evapotranspiration. Under the II treatment, the average Kc values were 0.70, 1.06, 1.24 and 1：22 for the initial, crop development, reproductive and late stages, respectively. These values were lower than those under the CF treatment for initial and crop development stages because of a minimal soil evaporation and intense dryness during these stages. However, average Kc values under the II treatment were higher than those under the CF treatment at the reproductive and late stages, indicating that the II treatment promoted more plant activity particularly for dry biomass production as indicated by a greater number of tillers per hill.
文摘The images capture in a bad environment usually loses its fidelity and contrast.As the light rays travel towards its destination they get scattered several times due to the tiny particles of fog and pollutants in the environment,therefore the energy gets lost due to multiple scattering till it arrives its destination,and this degrades the images.So the images taken in bad weather appear in bad quality.Therefore,single image haze removal is quite a bit tough task.Significant research has been done in the haze removal algorithm but in all the techniques,the coefficient of scattering is taken as a constant according to the homogeneous atmosphere but in real time this does not happen.Therefore,this paper introduces a simple and efficient method so that the scattering coefficient becomes variable according to the inhomogeneous environment.Then,this research aims to remove the haze with the help of a fast and effective algorithm i.e.,Prior Color Fading,according to the inhomogeneous environmental properties.Thereby,to filter the depth map,the authors used a weighted guided image filtering which removes the drawbacks of guided image filter.Afterwards the scattering coefficient is made variable according to the inhomogeneous atmosphere and then the Simple Color Balance Algorithm is applied so that the readability property of images can be increased.The proposed method tested on various general outdoor images and synthetic hazy images and analyzed on various parameters Mean Square Error(MSE),Root Mean Square Error(RMSE),Peak Signal to Noise Ratio(PSNR),Mean Structural Similarity(MSSIM)and the Universal Objective Quality Index(UQI).Experimental results for the proposed method show that the proposed approach provides better results as compared to the state-of-the-art haze removal algorithms.
基金Project supported by the PetroChina-SWPU Innovation Alliance's technological cooperation project(No.2020CX010402).
文摘In order to clarify the characteristics of non-uniform water invasion in water-bearing gas reservoirs,it is necessary to introduce the nonuniformity coefficient(A)and water invasion constant(B)to characterize the non-uniformity degree of reservoir physical properties and the activity degree of peripheral water,respectively,based on the dual mechanism of water invasion to recharge the formation energy and seal off the gas in the reservoir.Then,the material balance method considering the phenomenon of water sealed gas was established.On this basis,the water invasion characteristic curve chart of water-bearing gas reservoirs was plotted,and the non-uniform water invasion mode was classified based on the example gas reservoir.And the following research results were obtained.First,in the water invasion characteristic curve chart of waterbearing gas reservoirs which is plotted based on the material balance method considering the influence of water sealed gas,the upper right area and the lower left area are defined as recharge area and seal area,respectively.By taking A=0 and B=2 as the boundary,the recharge area is divided into strong recharge area and weak recharge area.By taking A=2 and B=2 as the boundary,the seal area is divided into strong seal area and weak seal area.And correspondingly there are four water invasion modes,i.e.,strong recharge,weak recharge,weak seal and strong seal.Second,for fractured gas reservoirs,the non-uniformity degree of reservoir physical properties is high,and water sealed gas can be formed easily after water invasion.The dimensionless relative pseudo-pressure data of this type of gas reservoir is located in the seal area of the water invasion characteristic curve chart.Third,for the gas reservoirs whose reservoir physical properties are relatively uniform,the dimensionless relative pseudo-pressure data is located in the recharge area of the water invasion characteristic curve chart,and the recharge effect of water invasion on formation energy is greater than the weakening effect of water sealed gas on formation energy.Fourth,with the increase of A,the non-uniformity degree of reservoir physical properties increases,the water invasion characteristic curve shifts from the upper right to the lower left,and the recovery factor of gas reservoir decreases continuously.With the increase of B,the recharge effect of water invasion on formation energy and the weakening effect of water sealed gas on formation energy are both weakened,the distribution range of water invasion characteristic curve narrows to the recharge/seal boundary,and the corresponding range of gas reservoir recovery factor also narrows.
文摘The cities of China are in the period of rapid development of urbanization. The practical problems, which faced by urban traffic planning, include an effective prediction for the traffic volume. This paper, combining the example of Cangzhou’s traffic planning, analyzes the differences on land use between the new and the old district, including its influence to the residents. It also analyzes the relationship of travel features and the coefficient of job/housing balance in the new and the old district;furthermore, it corrects the result of traditional gravity model by using balance’s coefficient. Through this study, we find that the corrected model deals with the problem of travel forecasting’s deviation, which is closer to the physic truth. In the meanwhile, we suggested paying more attention to the relationship of land use and housing/jobs in the district plan, in this way, it will reduce the traffic demand radically and optimize the traffic structure.
文摘In this paper, the Auto-B?cklund transformation connected with the homogeneous balance method (HB) and the extended tanh-function method are used to construct new exact solutions for the time-dependent coefficients Calogero-Degasperis (VCCD) equation. New soliton and periodic solutions of many types are obtained. Furthermore, the soliton propagation is discussed under the effect of the variable coefficients.
文摘The theory and application of automatic balance technology for the rigid rotor is re- searched. New analysis about the mechanical model of vibratory system is done in view of feature of automatic balance, and the result is that the accurate model of system can be gained by compensa- tion method and the traditional principle error of balance machines both for soft and hard bearing can be overcome. The automatic balance testing theory for sofi and hard bearing machines is pro- posed. The automatic balance system has been developed and the function and technical key is also introduced in detail.
