Background and Objective:Vitreoretinal surgery requires fine micro-surgical training and handling of delicate tissue.To aid in the training of residents and fellows,unique educational modalities exist to help facilita...Background and Objective:Vitreoretinal surgery requires fine micro-surgical training and handling of delicate tissue.To aid in the training of residents and fellows,unique educational modalities exist to help facilitate the development of these microsurgical skills.From virtual simulators to artificial eye models,simulation of the posterior segment has gained an increased focus in vitreoretinal surgical training programs.Development of surgical curricula for vitreoretinal training and attainment of surgical milestones has been a key component in integrating these educational training modalities.We will explore various simulators,eye models,and potential rubrics and discuss unique ways each may help and complement one another to train future vitreoretinal surgeons.Methods:We conducted a systematic PubMed search of various review studies(from publications in English ranging from January 1978 to December 2020)discussing surgical simulators,eye models,and surgical rubrics for vitreoretinal surgery and their potential impacts upon training.Key Contents and Findings:Our review assesses the benefits and applicability of various simulators,eye models,and surgical rubrics upon training.Conclusions:Utilization of vitreoretinal surgical training tools may aid in complementing the hands-on surgical training experience for vitreoretinal surgical fellows.By using simulators and rubrics,we may better be able to standardize training for reaching vitreoretinal surgical milestones and providing adequate feedback to improve surgical competency and ultimately patient outcomes.展开更多
Current traditional assessment methods for report writing are highly unreliable.This paper discusses rubric-popular method for authentic assessment in reports writing,and try to provide suggestions on rubric application.
We are developing a Moodle plug-in,which is an AES(automated essay scoring)support system for the basic education of university students.Our system evaluates essays based on rubric,which has five evaluation viewpoints...We are developing a Moodle plug-in,which is an AES(automated essay scoring)support system for the basic education of university students.Our system evaluates essays based on rubric,which has five evaluation viewpoints“Contents,Structure,Evidence,Style,and Skill”.Vocabulary level is one of the scoring items of Skill.It is calculated using Japanese Language Learners’Dictionaries constructed by Sunakawa et al.Since this does not fully cover the words used in the student-level essays,we found that there is a problem with the accuracy of the vocabulary level scoring.In this paper,we propose to construct comprehensive Japanese vocabulary difficulty level dictionaries using Japanese Wikipedia as the corpus.We apply Latent Dirichlet Allocation(LDA)to the Wikipedia corpus and find the word appearance probability as one of the indexes of word difficulty.We use the TF-IDF value instead of the LDA value of the words,which rarely appears.As a result,we constructed highly comprehensive Japanese vocabulary difficulty level dictionaries.We confirmed that the vocabulary level can be scored for all words in the test dataset by using the constructed dictionaries.展开更多
文摘Background and Objective:Vitreoretinal surgery requires fine micro-surgical training and handling of delicate tissue.To aid in the training of residents and fellows,unique educational modalities exist to help facilitate the development of these microsurgical skills.From virtual simulators to artificial eye models,simulation of the posterior segment has gained an increased focus in vitreoretinal surgical training programs.Development of surgical curricula for vitreoretinal training and attainment of surgical milestones has been a key component in integrating these educational training modalities.We will explore various simulators,eye models,and potential rubrics and discuss unique ways each may help and complement one another to train future vitreoretinal surgeons.Methods:We conducted a systematic PubMed search of various review studies(from publications in English ranging from January 1978 to December 2020)discussing surgical simulators,eye models,and surgical rubrics for vitreoretinal surgery and their potential impacts upon training.Key Contents and Findings:Our review assesses the benefits and applicability of various simulators,eye models,and surgical rubrics upon training.Conclusions:Utilization of vitreoretinal surgical training tools may aid in complementing the hands-on surgical training experience for vitreoretinal surgical fellows.By using simulators and rubrics,we may better be able to standardize training for reaching vitreoretinal surgical milestones and providing adequate feedback to improve surgical competency and ultimately patient outcomes.
文摘Current traditional assessment methods for report writing are highly unreliable.This paper discusses rubric-popular method for authentic assessment in reports writing,and try to provide suggestions on rubric application.
基金This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI(Nos.18K11589,17K00432).
文摘We are developing a Moodle plug-in,which is an AES(automated essay scoring)support system for the basic education of university students.Our system evaluates essays based on rubric,which has five evaluation viewpoints“Contents,Structure,Evidence,Style,and Skill”.Vocabulary level is one of the scoring items of Skill.It is calculated using Japanese Language Learners’Dictionaries constructed by Sunakawa et al.Since this does not fully cover the words used in the student-level essays,we found that there is a problem with the accuracy of the vocabulary level scoring.In this paper,we propose to construct comprehensive Japanese vocabulary difficulty level dictionaries using Japanese Wikipedia as the corpus.We apply Latent Dirichlet Allocation(LDA)to the Wikipedia corpus and find the word appearance probability as one of the indexes of word difficulty.We use the TF-IDF value instead of the LDA value of the words,which rarely appears.As a result,we constructed highly comprehensive Japanese vocabulary difficulty level dictionaries.We confirmed that the vocabulary level can be scored for all words in the test dataset by using the constructed dictionaries.
