Recommending personalized travel routes from sparse,implicit feedback poses a significant challenge,as conventional systems often struggle with information overload and fail to capture the complex,sequential nature of...Recommending personalized travel routes from sparse,implicit feedback poses a significant challenge,as conventional systems often struggle with information overload and fail to capture the complex,sequential nature of user preferences.To address this,we propose a Conditional Generative Adversarial Network(CGAN)that generates diverse and highly relevant itineraries.Our approach begins by constructing a conditional vector that encapsulates a user’s profile.This vector uniquely fuses embeddings from a Heterogeneous Information Network(HIN)to model complex user-place-route relationships,a Recurrent Neural Network(RNN)to capture sequential path dynamics,and Neural Collaborative Filtering(NCF)to incorporate collaborative signals from the wider user base.This comprehensive condition,further enhanced with features representing user interaction confidence and uncertainty,steers a CGAN stabilized by spectral normalization to generate high-fidelity latent route representations,effectively mitigating the data sparsity problem.Recommendations are then formulated using an Anchor-and-Expand algorithm,which selects relevant starting Points of Interest(POI)based on user history,then expands routes through latent similarity matching and geographic coherence optimization,culminating in Traveling Salesman Problem(TSP)-based route optimization for practical travel distances.Experiments on a real-world check-in dataset validate our model’s unique generative capability,achieving F1 scores ranging from 0.163 to 0.305,and near-zero pairs−F1 scores between 0.002 and 0.022.These results confirm the model’s success in generating novel travel routes by recommending new locations and sequences rather than replicating users’past itineraries.This work provides a robust solution for personalized travel planning,capable of generating novel and compelling routes for both new and existing users by learning from collective travel intelligence.展开更多
The rapid evolution of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)technology and autonomous capabilities has positioned UAV as promising last-mile delivery means.Vehicle and onboard UAV collaborative delivery is introduced as a nove...The rapid evolution of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)technology and autonomous capabilities has positioned UAV as promising last-mile delivery means.Vehicle and onboard UAV collaborative delivery is introduced as a novel delivery mode.Spatiotemporal collaboration,along with energy consumption with payload and wind conditions play important roles in delivery route planning.This paper introduces the traveling salesman problem with time window and onboard UAV(TSPTWOUAV)and emphasizes the consideration of real-world scenarios,focusing on time collaboration and energy consumption with wind and payload.To address this,a mixed integer linear programming(MILP)model is formulated to minimize the energy consumption costs of vehicle and UAV.Furthermore,an adaptive large neighborhood search(ALNS)algorithm is applied to identify high-quality solutions efficiently.The effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm is validated through numerical tests on real geographic instances and sensitivity analysis of key parameters is conducted.展开更多
A dual-halide solid electrolyte,Li_(3)YCl_(3)Br_(3),was synthesized using a wet-chemistry route instead of the conventional mechanical ball-milling route.Li_(3)YCl_(3)Br_(3) exhibits an ion conductivity of 2.08 mS/cm ...A dual-halide solid electrolyte,Li_(3)YCl_(3)Br_(3),was synthesized using a wet-chemistry route instead of the conventional mechanical ball-milling route.Li_(3)YCl_(3)Br_(3) exhibits an ion conductivity of 2.08 mS/cm and an electro-chemical stability window of 3.8 V.Additionally,an all-solid-state lithium-ion battery using Li_(3)YCl_(3)Br_(3) and LiNi_(0.83)Co_(0.11)Mn_(0.06)O_(2)(NCM811)as the cathode material achieves a capacity retention of 93%after 200 cycles at 0.3C and maintains a specific capacity of 115 mA·h/g during 2C cycling.This exceptional performance is attributed to the high oxidative stability of Li_(3)YCl_(3)Br_(3) and the in-situ formation of Y_(2)O_(3) inert protective layer on the NCM811 surface under high voltage.Consequently,the study demonstrates the feasibility of a simple,cost-effective wet-chemistry route for synthesizing multi-component halides,highlighting its potential for large-scale production of halide solid electrolytes for practical applications.展开更多
This study examines the current state of vocational education in Guizhou and its role in facilitating the export of Guizhou goods beyond regional boundaries, and explores various strategies for vocational education to...This study examines the current state of vocational education in Guizhou and its role in facilitating the export of Guizhou goods beyond regional boundaries, and explores various strategies for vocational education to contribute to rural revitalization, including the optimization of professional and curriculum systems, the deepening of industry-education integration and school-enterprise cooperation, the enhancement of brand development and marketing efforts, the strengthening of cross-border e-commerce and international cooperation capabilities, and the improvement of policy support and resource allocation systems. The findings aim to provide a theoretical foundation for Guizhou vocational education to support local economic development.展开更多
The real-time path optimization for heterogeneous vehicle fleets in large-scale road networks presents significant challenges due to conflicting traffic demands and imbalanced resource allocation.While existing vehicl...The real-time path optimization for heterogeneous vehicle fleets in large-scale road networks presents significant challenges due to conflicting traffic demands and imbalanced resource allocation.While existing vehicleto-infrastructure coordination frameworks partially address congestion mitigation,they often neglect priority-aware optimization and exhibit algorithmic bias toward dominant vehicle classes—critical limitations in mixed-priority scenarios involving emergency vehicles.To bridge this gap,this study proposes a preference game-theoretic coordination framework with adaptive strategy transfer protocol,explicitly balancing system-wide efficiency(measured by network throughput)with priority vehicle rights protection(quantified via time-sensitive utility functions).The approach innovatively combines(1)a multi-vehicle dynamic routing model with quantifiable preference weights,and(2)a distributed Nash equilibrium solver updated using replicator sub-dynamic models.The framework was evaluated on an urban road network containing 25 intersections with mixed priority ratios(10%–30%of vehicles with priority access demand),and the framework showed consistent benefits on four benchmarks(Social routing algorithm,Shortest path algorithm,The comprehensive path optimisation model,The emergency vehicle timing collaborative evolution path optimization method)showed consistent benefits.Results showthat across different traffic demand configurations,the proposed method reduces the average vehicle traveling time by at least 365 s,increases the road network throughput by 48.61%,and effectively balances the road loads.This approach successfully meets the diverse traffic demands of various vehicle types while optimizing road resource allocations.The proposed coordination paradigm advances theoretical foundations for fairness-aware traffic optimization while offering implementable strategies for next-generation cooperative vehicle-road systems,particularly in smart city deployments requiring mixed-priority mobility guarantees.展开更多
Advancements in artificial intelligence and big data technologies have led to the gradual emergence of intelligent ships,which are expected to dominate the future of maritime transportation.Supporting the navigation o...Advancements in artificial intelligence and big data technologies have led to the gradual emergence of intelligent ships,which are expected to dominate the future of maritime transportation.Supporting the navigation of intelligent ships,route planning technologies have developed many route planning algorithms that prioritize economy and safety.This paper conducts an in-depth study of algorithm efficiency for a route planning problem,proposing an intelligent ship route planning algorithm based on the adaptive step size Informed-RRT^(*).This algorithm can quickly plan a short route according to automatic obstacle avoidance and is suitable for planning the routes of intelligent ships.Results show that the adaptive step size Informed-RRT^(*) algorithm can shorten the optimal route length by approximately 13.05%while ensuring the running time of the planning algorithm and avoiding approximately 23.64%of redundant sampling nodes.The improved algorithm effectively circumvents unnecessary calculations and reduces a large amount of redundant sampling data,thus improving the efficiency of route planning.In a complex water environment,the unique adaptive step size mechanism enables this algorithm to prevent restricted search tree expansion,showing strong search ability and robustness,which is of practical significance for the development of intelligent ships.展开更多
Due to global warming and diminishing ice cover in Arctic regions,the northern sea route(NSR)has attracted increasing attention in recent years.Extreme cold temperatures and high wind speeds in Arctic regions present ...Due to global warming and diminishing ice cover in Arctic regions,the northern sea route(NSR)has attracted increasing attention in recent years.Extreme cold temperatures and high wind speeds in Arctic regions present substantial risks to vessels operating along the NSR.Consequently,analyzing extreme temperature and wind speed values along the NSR is essential for ensuring maritime operational safety in the region.This study analyzes wind and temperature data spanning 40 years,from 1981 to 2020,at four representative sites along the NSR for extreme value analysis.The average conditional exceedance rate(ACER)method and the Gumbel method are employed to estimate extreme wind speed and air temperature at these sites.Comparative analysis reveals that the ACER method provides higher accuracy and lower uncertainty in estimations.The predicted extreme wind speed for a 100-year return period is 30.36 m/s,with a minimum temperature of-56.66°C,varying across the four sites.Furthermore,the study presents extreme values corresponding to each return period,providing temperature extremes as a basis for guiding steel thickness specifications.These findings provide valuable reference for designing polar vessels and offshore structures,contributing to enhanced engineering standards for Arctic conditions.展开更多
To improve the efficiency of ship traffic in frequently traded sea areas and respond to the national“dual-carbon”strategy,a multi-objective ship route induction model is proposed.Considering the energy-saving and en...To improve the efficiency of ship traffic in frequently traded sea areas and respond to the national“dual-carbon”strategy,a multi-objective ship route induction model is proposed.Considering the energy-saving and environmental issues of ships,this study aims to improve the transportation efficiency of ships by providing a ship route induction method.Ship data from a certain bay during a defined period are collected,and an improved backpropagation neural network algorithm is used to forecast ship traffic.On the basis of the forecasted data and ship route induction objectives,dynamic programming of ship routes is performed.Experimental results show that the routes planned using this induction method reduce the combined cost by 17.55%compared with statically induced routes.This method has promising engineering applications in improving ship navigation efficiency,promoting energy conservation,and reducing emissions.展开更多
Global warming has made the regular operation of Arctic routes possible.This study selects hub ports based on infrastructure conditions and sea ice status,and then designs two pendulum route solutions for the Northeas...Global warming has made the regular operation of Arctic routes possible.This study selects hub ports based on infrastructure conditions and sea ice status,and then designs two pendulum route solutions for the Northeast Passage according to the distance between hub ports and ice-covered areas.We employ an evaluation framework combining annual profit metrics with discounted net present value(NPV)analysis,conducting probabilistic economic assessments through Monte Carlo simulations(20,000 iterations).Key findings indicate that(1)both solutions demonstrate>90%probability of economic viability and(2)Solution I′,with hub ports closer to ice-covered areas than those in Solution II,yields 5.02%higher mean annual profit and 4.69%greater NPV.The results indicate that pendulum routes in the Northeast Passage can achieve economic benefits by enabling year-round regular operations.Moreover,shorter shipping distances between hub ports and ice-covered areas enhance economic viability.展开更多
With the rapid development of low-altitude economy and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) deployment technology, aerial-ground collaborative delivery (AGCD) is emerging as a novel mode of last-mile delivery, where the ve...With the rapid development of low-altitude economy and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) deployment technology, aerial-ground collaborative delivery (AGCD) is emerging as a novel mode of last-mile delivery, where the vehicle and its onboard UAVs are utilized efficiently. Vehicles not only provide delivery services to customers but also function as mobile ware-houses and launch/recovery platforms for UAVs. This paper addresses the vehicle routing problem with UAVs considering time window and UAV multi-delivery (VRPU-TW&MD). A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is developed to mini-mize delivery costs while incorporating constraints related to UAV energy consumption. Subsequently, a micro-evolution aug-mented large neighborhood search (MEALNS) algorithm incor-porating adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) and micro-evolution mechanism is proposed. Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of both the model and algorithm in solving the VRPU-TW&MD. The impact of key parameters on delivery performance is explored by sensitivity analysis.展开更多
Due to the substantial and continuous growth of transportation demand in China,the existing highway capacity has become insufficient to meet the increasing traffic volume.The implementation of highway reconstruction a...Due to the substantial and continuous growth of transportation demand in China,the existing highway capacity has become insufficient to meet the increasing traffic volume.The implementation of highway reconstruction and expansion projects has gradually become a key measure to improve the service level of the road network and alleviate traffic congestion.Meanwhile,route design is a core aspect of highway reconstruction and expansion projects,and its scientific nature and quality can directly affect the safety,economy,and future operational efficiency of the highway.Therefore,this article provides a detailed analysis of the principles and requirements of route design for highway reconstruction and expansion projects.Additionally,it delves into the design process and key technologies applied in route design for these projects.展开更多
Monkeypox virus(MPXV),a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus,caused a large-scale global outbreak in 2022.Developing mouse models for MPXV infection is crucial for advancing research on vaccines and therapeutic intervent...Monkeypox virus(MPXV),a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus,caused a large-scale global outbreak in 2022.Developing mouse models for MPXV infection is crucial for advancing research on vaccines and therapeutic interventions.To address this,we conducted a comparative study on the susceptibility of six mouse strains—severe combined immune-deficiency(SCID),nude,genetically diabetic(db/db)and obese(ob/ob),C57BL/6J,and BALB/c—to MPXV infection.Mouse strains were infected with MPXV via intranasal inoculation,and body weight changes and mortality were monitored post-infection.Additionally,the tissue distribution of MPXV and the pathological changes in the lung tissues of the infected mice were evaluated.The results demonstrated that SCID and nude mice exhibited significant weight loss following MPXV infection,with 100%mortality observed in SCID mice,while no mortality occurred in nude mice.In contrast,the other mouse strains showed no significant weight loss or mortality.Notably,the viral load in the lung tissues of SCID and nude mice was the highest among the tested strains.Furthermore,we investigated the impact of different inoculation routes—intranasal(I.N.),intraperitoneal(I.P.),and intravenous(I.V.)—on the pathogenicity of MPXV in mice.The results revealed that the intravenous route induced more pronounced pathogenic effects compared to the intranasal and intraperitoneal routes.In summary,this study provides valuable insights into the development of MPXV-infected mouse models,offering a foundation for further research on MPXV pathogenesis and therapeutic drug development.展开更多
Microstructure and mechanical properties of aged Mg-10Gd-2Y-0.4Zr-0.4Ag alloy sheets prepared by different rolling routes were investigated.The results showed that the cross rolling aged(CRA)sheet possesses larger gra...Microstructure and mechanical properties of aged Mg-10Gd-2Y-0.4Zr-0.4Ag alloy sheets prepared by different rolling routes were investigated.The results showed that the cross rolling aged(CRA)sheet possesses larger grain size than unidirectional rolling aged(URA)sheet due to the occurrence of dynamic recovery during rolling which reduces the dislocation density and delays dynamic recrystallization(DRX).The URA sheet has basal texture and RD favored texture while CRA sheet has multiple-peak texture.Both sheets precipitate β'phase and CRA sheet exhibits a stronger aging response.The CRA sheet has higher yield strength and tensile strength than URA sheet,with reduced yield strength anisotropy but increased tensile strength anisotropy.Taking into account different strengthening mechanisms,although the finer grain size of URA sheet enhances grain boundary strengthening,CRA sheet is more responsive to aging,leading to superior aging-precipitated phase strengthening and consequently higher yield strength.展开更多
Ecological barriers present significant challenges to bird migration by limiting the availability of stopover sites and shelters. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, a major migratory barrier located in higher latitude Central...Ecological barriers present significant challenges to bird migration by limiting the availability of stopover sites and shelters. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, a major migratory barrier located in higher latitude Central Asia, exerts a substantial influence on avian migration patterns. Species traversing such ecological barriers may adopt multiple optimal routes, which can contribute to the formation of migratory divides. From 2018 to 2021, the migration routes of 13 adult Common Cuckoos (Cuculus canorus) breeding in the north of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were tracked using satellite transmitters. We found Common Cuckoos have two primary migration routes: western and eastern, respectively following western and eastern edges of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. The eastern and western routes are likely the optimal routes for the Central Asian Common Cuckoos population to navigate the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Furthermore, two individuals exhibited intermediate migration routes, suggesting attempted traverses of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, although neither completed the migration. These intermediate routes may indicate migratory behavior influenced by hybridization between eastern and western populations or migratory flexibility. Common Cuckoos exhibit significantly faster migration speed, flight speed, and shorter stopover durations during spring compared to autumn. The observed seasonal differences in migration behavior support birds following time-minimization strategies during spring migration. These results revealed the diverse migration routes of Common Cuckoos shaped by the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and seasonal variation in migration patterns.展开更多
Demand Responsive Transit (DRT) responds to the dynamic users’ requests without any fixed routes and timetablesand determines the stop and the start according to the demands. This study explores the optimization of d...Demand Responsive Transit (DRT) responds to the dynamic users’ requests without any fixed routes and timetablesand determines the stop and the start according to the demands. This study explores the optimization of dynamicvehicle scheduling and real-time route planning in urban public transportation systems, with a focus on busservices. It addresses the limitations of current shared mobility routing algorithms, which are primarily designedfor simpler, single origin/destination scenarios, and do not meet the complex demands of bus transit systems. Theresearch introduces an route planning algorithm designed to dynamically accommodate passenger travel needsand enable real-time route modifications. Unlike traditional methods, this algorithm leverages a queue-based,multi-objective heuristic A∗ approach, offering a solution to the inflexibility and limited coverage of suburbanbus routes. Also, this study conducts a comparative analysis of the proposed algorithm with solutions based onGenetic Algorithm (GA) and Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm (ACO), focusing on calculation time, routelength, passenger waiting time, boarding time, and detour rate. The findings demonstrate that the proposedalgorithmsignificantly enhances route planning speed, achieving an 80–100-fold increase in efficiency over existingmodels, thereby supporting the real-time demands of Demand-Responsive Transportation (DRT) systems. Thestudy concludes that this algorithm not only optimizes route planning in bus transit but also presents a scalablesolution for improving urban mobility.展开更多
Research about the auto commuter＇s pre-trip route choice behavior ignores the combined influence of the real-time information and all respondents＇ historical information in the existing documents.To overcome this sh...Research about the auto commuter＇s pre-trip route choice behavior ignores the combined influence of the real-time information and all respondents＇ historical information in the existing documents.To overcome this shortcoming,an approach to describing the pre-trip route choice behavior with the incorporation of the real-time and historical information is proposed.Two types of real-time information are investigated,which are quantitative information and prescriptive information.By using the bounded rationality theory,the influence of historical information on the real-time information reference process is examined first.Estimation results show that the historical information has a significant influence on the quantitative information reference process,but not on the prescriptive information reference process.Then the route choice behavior is modeled.A comparison is also made among three route choice models,one of which does not incorporate the real-time information reference process,while the others do.Estimation results show that the route choice behavior is better described with the consideration of the reference process of both quantitative and prescriptive information.展开更多
Large-scale synthesis of ZnO hexagonal pyramids was achieved by a simple thermal decomposition route of precursor at 240 oC in the presence of PEG400. The precursor was obtained by room-temperature solid-state grindin...Large-scale synthesis of ZnO hexagonal pyramids was achieved by a simple thermal decomposition route of precursor at 240 oC in the presence of PEG400. The precursor was obtained by room-temperature solid-state grinding reaction between Zn（CH3COO）2-2H2O and Na2CO3. Crystal structure and morphology of the products were analyzed and characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM）. The results of further experiments show that PEG400 has an important role in the formation of ZnO hexagonal pyramids. Difference between the single and double hexagonal pyramid structure may come from the special thermal decomposition reaction. The photoluminescence （PL） spectra of ZnO hexagonal pyramids exhibit strong near-band-edge emission at about 386 nm and weak green emission at about 550 nm. The Raman-active vibration at about 435 cm-1 suggests that the ZnO hexagonal pyramids have high crystallinity.展开更多
In spite of advances in surgical care and rehabilitation, the consequences of spinal cord injury （SCI） are still challenging. Several experimental therapeutic strategies have been studied in the SCI field, and recen...In spite of advances in surgical care and rehabilitation, the consequences of spinal cord injury （SCI） are still challenging. Several experimental therapeutic strategies have been studied in the SCI field, and recent advances have led to the development of therapies that may act on the inhibitory microenvironment. Assorted lineages of stem cells are considered a good treatment for SCI. This study investigated the effect of systemic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） in a compressive SCI model. Here we present results of the intraperitoneal route, which has not been used previously for MSC administration after compressive SCI. We used adult female C57BL/6 mice that underwent laminectomy at the T9 level, followed by spinal cord compression for 1 minute with a 30-g vascular clip. The animals were divided into five groups： sham （anesthesia and laminectomy but without compression injury induction）, MSC i.p. （intraperitoneal injection of 8×10^5 MSCs in 500 μL of DMEM at 7 days after SCI）, MSC i.v. （intravenous injection of 8 × 10^5 MSCs in 500μL of DMEM at 7 days after SCI）, DMEM i.p. （intraperitoneal injection of 500μL of DMEM at 7 days after SCI）, DMEM i.v. （intravenous injection of 500 μL of DMEM at 7 days after SCI）. The effects of MSCs transplantation in white matter sparing were analyzed by luxol fast blue staining. The number of preserved fibers was counted in semithin sections stained with toluidine blue and the presence of trophic factors was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. In addition, we analyzed the locomotor performance with Basso Mouse Scale and Global Mobility Test. Our results showed white matter preservation and a larger number of preserved fibers in the MSC groups than in the DMEM groups. Furthermore, the MSC groups had higher levels of trophic factors （brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-3 and neurotrophin-4） in the spinal cord and improved locomotor performance. Our results indicate that injection of MSCs by either intraperitoneal or intravenous routes results in beneficial outcomes and can be elected as a choice for SCI treatment.展开更多
Meta-heuristic evolutionary algorithms have become widely used for solving complex optimization problems.However,their effectiveness in real-world applications is often limited by the need for many evaluations,which c...Meta-heuristic evolutionary algorithms have become widely used for solving complex optimization problems.However,their effectiveness in real-world applications is often limited by the need for many evaluations,which can be both costly and time-consuming.This is especially true for large-scale transportation networks,where the size of the problem and the high computational cost can hinder the algorithm’s performance.To address these challenges,recent research has focused on using surrogate-assisted models.These models aim to reduce the number of expensive evaluations and improve the efficiency of solving time-consuming optimization problems.This paper presents a new two-layer Surrogate-Assisted Fish Migration Optimization(SA-FMO)algorithm designed to tackle high-dimensional and computationally heavy problems.The global surrogate model offers a good approximation of the entire problem space,while the local surrogate model focuses on refining the solution near the current best option,improving local optimization.To test the effectiveness of the SA-FMO algorithm,we first conduct experiments using six benchmark functions in a 50-dimensional space.We then apply the algorithm to optimize urban rail transit routes,focusing on the Train Routing Optimization problem.This aims to improve operational efficiency and vehicle turnover in situations with uneven passenger flow during transit disruptions.The results show that SA-FMO can effectively improve optimization outcomes in complex transportation scenarios.展开更多
Air route network(ARN)planning is an efficient way to alleviate civil aviation flight delays caused by increasing development and pressure for safe operation.Here,the ARN shortest path was taken as the objective funct...Air route network(ARN)planning is an efficient way to alleviate civil aviation flight delays caused by increasing development and pressure for safe operation.Here,the ARN shortest path was taken as the objective function,and an air route network node(ARNN)optimization model was developed to circumvent the restrictions imposed by″three areas″,also known as prohibited areas,restricted areas,and dangerous areas(PRDs),by creating agrid environment.And finally the objective function was solved by means of an adaptive ant colony algorithm(AACA).The A593,A470,B221,and G204 air routes in the busy ZSHA flight information region,where the airspace includes areas with different levels of PRDs,were taken as an example.Based on current flight patterns,a layout optimization of the ARNN was computed using this model and algorithm and successfully avoided PRDs.The optimized result reduced the total length of routes by 2.14% and the total cost by 9.875%.展开更多
基金supported by the Chung-Ang University Research Grants in 2023.Alsothe work is supported by the ELLIIT Excellence Center at Linköping–Lund in Information Technology in Sweden.
文摘Recommending personalized travel routes from sparse,implicit feedback poses a significant challenge,as conventional systems often struggle with information overload and fail to capture the complex,sequential nature of user preferences.To address this,we propose a Conditional Generative Adversarial Network(CGAN)that generates diverse and highly relevant itineraries.Our approach begins by constructing a conditional vector that encapsulates a user’s profile.This vector uniquely fuses embeddings from a Heterogeneous Information Network(HIN)to model complex user-place-route relationships,a Recurrent Neural Network(RNN)to capture sequential path dynamics,and Neural Collaborative Filtering(NCF)to incorporate collaborative signals from the wider user base.This comprehensive condition,further enhanced with features representing user interaction confidence and uncertainty,steers a CGAN stabilized by spectral normalization to generate high-fidelity latent route representations,effectively mitigating the data sparsity problem.Recommendations are then formulated using an Anchor-and-Expand algorithm,which selects relevant starting Points of Interest(POI)based on user history,then expands routes through latent similarity matching and geographic coherence optimization,culminating in Traveling Salesman Problem(TSP)-based route optimization for practical travel distances.Experiments on a real-world check-in dataset validate our model’s unique generative capability,achieving F1 scores ranging from 0.163 to 0.305,and near-zero pairs−F1 scores between 0.002 and 0.022.These results confirm the model’s success in generating novel travel routes by recommending new locations and sequences rather than replicating users’past itineraries.This work provides a robust solution for personalized travel planning,capable of generating novel and compelling routes for both new and existing users by learning from collective travel intelligence.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2024JBZX038)National Natural Science F oundation of China(62076023)。
文摘The rapid evolution of unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)technology and autonomous capabilities has positioned UAV as promising last-mile delivery means.Vehicle and onboard UAV collaborative delivery is introduced as a novel delivery mode.Spatiotemporal collaboration,along with energy consumption with payload and wind conditions play important roles in delivery route planning.This paper introduces the traveling salesman problem with time window and onboard UAV(TSPTWOUAV)and emphasizes the consideration of real-world scenarios,focusing on time collaboration and energy consumption with wind and payload.To address this,a mixed integer linear programming(MILP)model is formulated to minimize the energy consumption costs of vehicle and UAV.Furthermore,an adaptive large neighborhood search(ALNS)algorithm is applied to identify high-quality solutions efficiently.The effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm is validated through numerical tests on real geographic instances and sensitivity analysis of key parameters is conducted.
基金financially supported by Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Department,China(No.2021JJ10058)Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province,China(No.2023GK2016)。
文摘A dual-halide solid electrolyte,Li_(3)YCl_(3)Br_(3),was synthesized using a wet-chemistry route instead of the conventional mechanical ball-milling route.Li_(3)YCl_(3)Br_(3) exhibits an ion conductivity of 2.08 mS/cm and an electro-chemical stability window of 3.8 V.Additionally,an all-solid-state lithium-ion battery using Li_(3)YCl_(3)Br_(3) and LiNi_(0.83)Co_(0.11)Mn_(0.06)O_(2)(NCM811)as the cathode material achieves a capacity retention of 93%after 200 cycles at 0.3C and maintains a specific capacity of 115 mA·h/g during 2C cycling.This exceptional performance is attributed to the high oxidative stability of Li_(3)YCl_(3)Br_(3) and the in-situ formation of Y_(2)O_(3) inert protective layer on the NCM811 surface under high voltage.Consequently,the study demonstrates the feasibility of a simple,cost-effective wet-chemistry route for synthesizing multi-component halides,highlighting its potential for large-scale production of halide solid electrolytes for practical applications.
基金Supported by 2024 Planning Project of the China Vocational Education Association"Research and Practice on the Route of Guizhou Vocational Education in Serving the Export of Guizhou Goods Beyond Regional Boundaries in the Context of Rural Revitalization".
文摘This study examines the current state of vocational education in Guizhou and its role in facilitating the export of Guizhou goods beyond regional boundaries, and explores various strategies for vocational education to contribute to rural revitalization, including the optimization of professional and curriculum systems, the deepening of industry-education integration and school-enterprise cooperation, the enhancement of brand development and marketing efforts, the strengthening of cross-border e-commerce and international cooperation capabilities, and the improvement of policy support and resource allocation systems. The findings aim to provide a theoretical foundation for Guizhou vocational education to support local economic development.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program Project 2022YFB4300404.
文摘The real-time path optimization for heterogeneous vehicle fleets in large-scale road networks presents significant challenges due to conflicting traffic demands and imbalanced resource allocation.While existing vehicleto-infrastructure coordination frameworks partially address congestion mitigation,they often neglect priority-aware optimization and exhibit algorithmic bias toward dominant vehicle classes—critical limitations in mixed-priority scenarios involving emergency vehicles.To bridge this gap,this study proposes a preference game-theoretic coordination framework with adaptive strategy transfer protocol,explicitly balancing system-wide efficiency(measured by network throughput)with priority vehicle rights protection(quantified via time-sensitive utility functions).The approach innovatively combines(1)a multi-vehicle dynamic routing model with quantifiable preference weights,and(2)a distributed Nash equilibrium solver updated using replicator sub-dynamic models.The framework was evaluated on an urban road network containing 25 intersections with mixed priority ratios(10%–30%of vehicles with priority access demand),and the framework showed consistent benefits on four benchmarks(Social routing algorithm,Shortest path algorithm,The comprehensive path optimisation model,The emergency vehicle timing collaborative evolution path optimization method)showed consistent benefits.Results showthat across different traffic demand configurations,the proposed method reduces the average vehicle traveling time by at least 365 s,increases the road network throughput by 48.61%,and effectively balances the road loads.This approach successfully meets the diverse traffic demands of various vehicle types while optimizing road resource allocations.The proposed coordination paradigm advances theoretical foundations for fairness-aware traffic optimization while offering implementable strategies for next-generation cooperative vehicle-road systems,particularly in smart city deployments requiring mixed-priority mobility guarantees.
文摘Advancements in artificial intelligence and big data technologies have led to the gradual emergence of intelligent ships,which are expected to dominate the future of maritime transportation.Supporting the navigation of intelligent ships,route planning technologies have developed many route planning algorithms that prioritize economy and safety.This paper conducts an in-depth study of algorithm efficiency for a route planning problem,proposing an intelligent ship route planning algorithm based on the adaptive step size Informed-RRT^(*).This algorithm can quickly plan a short route according to automatic obstacle avoidance and is suitable for planning the routes of intelligent ships.Results show that the adaptive step size Informed-RRT^(*) algorithm can shorten the optimal route length by approximately 13.05%while ensuring the running time of the planning algorithm and avoiding approximately 23.64%of redundant sampling nodes.The improved algorithm effectively circumvents unnecessary calculations and reduces a large amount of redundant sampling data,thus improving the efficiency of route planning.In a complex water environment,the unique adaptive step size mechanism enables this algorithm to prevent restricted search tree expansion,showing strong search ability and robustness,which is of practical significance for the development of intelligent ships.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52201379)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.WUT:3120622898)+2 种基金State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis,Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment,Dalian University of Technology(Grant No.GZ 231088)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Naval Architecture Engineering(Grant No.SE202305)funded by European Research Council project under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program(Grant No.TRUST CoG 2019864724).
文摘Due to global warming and diminishing ice cover in Arctic regions,the northern sea route(NSR)has attracted increasing attention in recent years.Extreme cold temperatures and high wind speeds in Arctic regions present substantial risks to vessels operating along the NSR.Consequently,analyzing extreme temperature and wind speed values along the NSR is essential for ensuring maritime operational safety in the region.This study analyzes wind and temperature data spanning 40 years,from 1981 to 2020,at four representative sites along the NSR for extreme value analysis.The average conditional exceedance rate(ACER)method and the Gumbel method are employed to estimate extreme wind speed and air temperature at these sites.Comparative analysis reveals that the ACER method provides higher accuracy and lower uncertainty in estimations.The predicted extreme wind speed for a 100-year return period is 30.36 m/s,with a minimum temperature of-56.66°C,varying across the four sites.Furthermore,the study presents extreme values corresponding to each return period,providing temperature extremes as a basis for guiding steel thickness specifications.These findings provide valuable reference for designing polar vessels and offshore structures,contributing to enhanced engineering standards for Arctic conditions.
基金Supported by the National Key R&D Program of China project (2017YFC0805309)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (60602020)。
文摘To improve the efficiency of ship traffic in frequently traded sea areas and respond to the national“dual-carbon”strategy,a multi-objective ship route induction model is proposed.Considering the energy-saving and environmental issues of ships,this study aims to improve the transportation efficiency of ships by providing a ship route induction method.Ship data from a certain bay during a defined period are collected,and an improved backpropagation neural network algorithm is used to forecast ship traffic.On the basis of the forecasted data and ship route induction objectives,dynamic programming of ship routes is performed.Experimental results show that the routes planned using this induction method reduce the combined cost by 17.55%compared with statically induced routes.This method has promising engineering applications in improving ship navigation efficiency,promoting energy conservation,and reducing emissions.
文摘Global warming has made the regular operation of Arctic routes possible.This study selects hub ports based on infrastructure conditions and sea ice status,and then designs two pendulum route solutions for the Northeast Passage according to the distance between hub ports and ice-covered areas.We employ an evaluation framework combining annual profit metrics with discounted net present value(NPV)analysis,conducting probabilistic economic assessments through Monte Carlo simulations(20,000 iterations).Key findings indicate that(1)both solutions demonstrate>90%probability of economic viability and(2)Solution I′,with hub ports closer to ice-covered areas than those in Solution II,yields 5.02%higher mean annual profit and 4.69%greater NPV.The results indicate that pendulum routes in the Northeast Passage can achieve economic benefits by enabling year-round regular operations.Moreover,shorter shipping distances between hub ports and ice-covered areas enhance economic viability.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2024JBZX038)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62076023).
文摘With the rapid development of low-altitude economy and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) deployment technology, aerial-ground collaborative delivery (AGCD) is emerging as a novel mode of last-mile delivery, where the vehicle and its onboard UAVs are utilized efficiently. Vehicles not only provide delivery services to customers but also function as mobile ware-houses and launch/recovery platforms for UAVs. This paper addresses the vehicle routing problem with UAVs considering time window and UAV multi-delivery (VRPU-TW&MD). A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is developed to mini-mize delivery costs while incorporating constraints related to UAV energy consumption. Subsequently, a micro-evolution aug-mented large neighborhood search (MEALNS) algorithm incor-porating adaptive large neighborhood search (ALNS) and micro-evolution mechanism is proposed. Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of both the model and algorithm in solving the VRPU-TW&MD. The impact of key parameters on delivery performance is explored by sensitivity analysis.
文摘Due to the substantial and continuous growth of transportation demand in China,the existing highway capacity has become insufficient to meet the increasing traffic volume.The implementation of highway reconstruction and expansion projects has gradually become a key measure to improve the service level of the road network and alleviate traffic congestion.Meanwhile,route design is a core aspect of highway reconstruction and expansion projects,and its scientific nature and quality can directly affect the safety,economy,and future operational efficiency of the highway.Therefore,this article provides a detailed analysis of the principles and requirements of route design for highway reconstruction and expansion projects.Additionally,it delves into the design process and key technologies applied in route design for these projects.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFD1800403 and 2023YFD1800404)。
文摘Monkeypox virus(MPXV),a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus,caused a large-scale global outbreak in 2022.Developing mouse models for MPXV infection is crucial for advancing research on vaccines and therapeutic interventions.To address this,we conducted a comparative study on the susceptibility of six mouse strains—severe combined immune-deficiency(SCID),nude,genetically diabetic(db/db)and obese(ob/ob),C57BL/6J,and BALB/c—to MPXV infection.Mouse strains were infected with MPXV via intranasal inoculation,and body weight changes and mortality were monitored post-infection.Additionally,the tissue distribution of MPXV and the pathological changes in the lung tissues of the infected mice were evaluated.The results demonstrated that SCID and nude mice exhibited significant weight loss following MPXV infection,with 100%mortality observed in SCID mice,while no mortality occurred in nude mice.In contrast,the other mouse strains showed no significant weight loss or mortality.Notably,the viral load in the lung tissues of SCID and nude mice was the highest among the tested strains.Furthermore,we investigated the impact of different inoculation routes—intranasal(I.N.),intraperitoneal(I.P.),and intravenous(I.V.)—on the pathogenicity of MPXV in mice.The results revealed that the intravenous route induced more pronounced pathogenic effects compared to the intranasal and intraperitoneal routes.In summary,this study provides valuable insights into the development of MPXV-infected mouse models,offering a foundation for further research on MPXV pathogenesis and therapeutic drug development.
基金Project(2023GK2020)supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province,China。
文摘Microstructure and mechanical properties of aged Mg-10Gd-2Y-0.4Zr-0.4Ag alloy sheets prepared by different rolling routes were investigated.The results showed that the cross rolling aged(CRA)sheet possesses larger grain size than unidirectional rolling aged(URA)sheet due to the occurrence of dynamic recovery during rolling which reduces the dislocation density and delays dynamic recrystallization(DRX).The URA sheet has basal texture and RD favored texture while CRA sheet has multiple-peak texture.Both sheets precipitate β'phase and CRA sheet exhibits a stronger aging response.The CRA sheet has higher yield strength and tensile strength than URA sheet,with reduced yield strength anisotropy but increased tensile strength anisotropy.Taking into account different strengthening mechanisms,although the finer grain size of URA sheet enhances grain boundary strengthening,CRA sheet is more responsive to aging,leading to superior aging-precipitated phase strengthening and consequently higher yield strength.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31672296).
文摘Ecological barriers present significant challenges to bird migration by limiting the availability of stopover sites and shelters. The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, a major migratory barrier located in higher latitude Central Asia, exerts a substantial influence on avian migration patterns. Species traversing such ecological barriers may adopt multiple optimal routes, which can contribute to the formation of migratory divides. From 2018 to 2021, the migration routes of 13 adult Common Cuckoos (Cuculus canorus) breeding in the north of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were tracked using satellite transmitters. We found Common Cuckoos have two primary migration routes: western and eastern, respectively following western and eastern edges of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau. The eastern and western routes are likely the optimal routes for the Central Asian Common Cuckoos population to navigate the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Furthermore, two individuals exhibited intermediate migration routes, suggesting attempted traverses of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, although neither completed the migration. These intermediate routes may indicate migratory behavior influenced by hybridization between eastern and western populations or migratory flexibility. Common Cuckoos exhibit significantly faster migration speed, flight speed, and shorter stopover durations during spring compared to autumn. The observed seasonal differences in migration behavior support birds following time-minimization strategies during spring migration. These results revealed the diverse migration routes of Common Cuckoos shaped by the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and seasonal variation in migration patterns.
文摘Demand Responsive Transit (DRT) responds to the dynamic users’ requests without any fixed routes and timetablesand determines the stop and the start according to the demands. This study explores the optimization of dynamicvehicle scheduling and real-time route planning in urban public transportation systems, with a focus on busservices. It addresses the limitations of current shared mobility routing algorithms, which are primarily designedfor simpler, single origin/destination scenarios, and do not meet the complex demands of bus transit systems. Theresearch introduces an route planning algorithm designed to dynamically accommodate passenger travel needsand enable real-time route modifications. Unlike traditional methods, this algorithm leverages a queue-based,multi-objective heuristic A∗ approach, offering a solution to the inflexibility and limited coverage of suburbanbus routes. Also, this study conducts a comparative analysis of the proposed algorithm with solutions based onGenetic Algorithm (GA) and Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm (ACO), focusing on calculation time, routelength, passenger waiting time, boarding time, and detour rate. The findings demonstrate that the proposedalgorithmsignificantly enhances route planning speed, achieving an 80–100-fold increase in efficiency over existingmodels, thereby supporting the real-time demands of Demand-Responsive Transportation (DRT) systems. Thestudy concludes that this algorithm not only optimizes route planning in bus transit but also presents a scalablesolution for improving urban mobility.
基金The Scientific Research Innovation Project for College Graduates in Jiangsu Province(No.CX10B_071Z)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2011AA110304)
文摘Research about the auto commuter＇s pre-trip route choice behavior ignores the combined influence of the real-time information and all respondents＇ historical information in the existing documents.To overcome this shortcoming,an approach to describing the pre-trip route choice behavior with the incorporation of the real-time and historical information is proposed.Two types of real-time information are investigated,which are quantitative information and prescriptive information.By using the bounded rationality theory,the influence of historical information on the real-time information reference process is examined first.Estimation results show that the historical information has a significant influence on the quantitative information reference process,but not on the prescriptive information reference process.Then the route choice behavior is modeled.A comparison is also made among three route choice models,one of which does not incorporate the real-time information reference process,while the others do.Estimation results show that the route choice behavior is better described with the consideration of the reference process of both quantitative and prescriptive information.
基金Project (BK2009379) supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, ChinaProject (1006-56XNA12069) supported by the Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Research Funding, China+3 种基金Projects (51172108, 91023020) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (IRT0968) supported by the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University, ChinaProject (NCET-10-0070) supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University, ChinaProject supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, China
文摘Large-scale synthesis of ZnO hexagonal pyramids was achieved by a simple thermal decomposition route of precursor at 240 oC in the presence of PEG400. The precursor was obtained by room-temperature solid-state grinding reaction between Zn（CH3COO）2-2H2O and Na2CO3. Crystal structure and morphology of the products were analyzed and characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM）. The results of further experiments show that PEG400 has an important role in the formation of ZnO hexagonal pyramids. Difference between the single and double hexagonal pyramid structure may come from the special thermal decomposition reaction. The photoluminescence （PL） spectra of ZnO hexagonal pyramids exhibit strong near-band-edge emission at about 386 nm and weak green emission at about 550 nm. The Raman-active vibration at about 435 cm-1 suggests that the ZnO hexagonal pyramids have high crystallinity.
文摘In spite of advances in surgical care and rehabilitation, the consequences of spinal cord injury （SCI） are still challenging. Several experimental therapeutic strategies have been studied in the SCI field, and recent advances have led to the development of therapies that may act on the inhibitory microenvironment. Assorted lineages of stem cells are considered a good treatment for SCI. This study investigated the effect of systemic transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） in a compressive SCI model. Here we present results of the intraperitoneal route, which has not been used previously for MSC administration after compressive SCI. We used adult female C57BL/6 mice that underwent laminectomy at the T9 level, followed by spinal cord compression for 1 minute with a 30-g vascular clip. The animals were divided into five groups： sham （anesthesia and laminectomy but without compression injury induction）, MSC i.p. （intraperitoneal injection of 8×10^5 MSCs in 500 μL of DMEM at 7 days after SCI）, MSC i.v. （intravenous injection of 8 × 10^5 MSCs in 500μL of DMEM at 7 days after SCI）, DMEM i.p. （intraperitoneal injection of 500μL of DMEM at 7 days after SCI）, DMEM i.v. （intravenous injection of 500 μL of DMEM at 7 days after SCI）. The effects of MSCs transplantation in white matter sparing were analyzed by luxol fast blue staining. The number of preserved fibers was counted in semithin sections stained with toluidine blue and the presence of trophic factors was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. In addition, we analyzed the locomotor performance with Basso Mouse Scale and Global Mobility Test. Our results showed white matter preservation and a larger number of preserved fibers in the MSC groups than in the DMEM groups. Furthermore, the MSC groups had higher levels of trophic factors （brain-derived neurotrophic factor, nerve growth factor, neurotrophin-3 and neurotrophin-4） in the spinal cord and improved locomotor performance. Our results indicate that injection of MSCs by either intraperitoneal or intravenous routes results in beneficial outcomes and can be elected as a choice for SCI treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.52172321,52102391)Sichuan Province Science and Technology Innovation Talent Project(2024JDRC0020)+1 种基金China Shenhua Energy Company Limited Technology Project(GJNY-22-7/2300-K1220053)Key science and technology projects in the transportation industry of the Ministry of Transport(2022-ZD7-132).
文摘Meta-heuristic evolutionary algorithms have become widely used for solving complex optimization problems.However,their effectiveness in real-world applications is often limited by the need for many evaluations,which can be both costly and time-consuming.This is especially true for large-scale transportation networks,where the size of the problem and the high computational cost can hinder the algorithm’s performance.To address these challenges,recent research has focused on using surrogate-assisted models.These models aim to reduce the number of expensive evaluations and improve the efficiency of solving time-consuming optimization problems.This paper presents a new two-layer Surrogate-Assisted Fish Migration Optimization(SA-FMO)algorithm designed to tackle high-dimensional and computationally heavy problems.The global surrogate model offers a good approximation of the entire problem space,while the local surrogate model focuses on refining the solution near the current best option,improving local optimization.To test the effectiveness of the SA-FMO algorithm,we first conduct experiments using six benchmark functions in a 50-dimensional space.We then apply the algorithm to optimize urban rail transit routes,focusing on the Train Routing Optimization problem.This aims to improve operational efficiency and vehicle turnover in situations with uneven passenger flow during transit disruptions.The results show that SA-FMO can effectively improve optimization outcomes in complex transportation scenarios.
基金supported by the the Youth Science and Technology Innovation Fund (Science)(Nos.NS2014070, NS2014070)
文摘Air route network(ARN)planning is an efficient way to alleviate civil aviation flight delays caused by increasing development and pressure for safe operation.Here,the ARN shortest path was taken as the objective function,and an air route network node(ARNN)optimization model was developed to circumvent the restrictions imposed by″three areas″,also known as prohibited areas,restricted areas,and dangerous areas(PRDs),by creating agrid environment.And finally the objective function was solved by means of an adaptive ant colony algorithm(AACA).The A593,A470,B221,and G204 air routes in the busy ZSHA flight information region,where the airspace includes areas with different levels of PRDs,were taken as an example.Based on current flight patterns,a layout optimization of the ARNN was computed using this model and algorithm and successfully avoided PRDs.The optimized result reduced the total length of routes by 2.14% and the total cost by 9.875%.
