BACKGROUND There has been an increasing focus in recent years on health-care disparities.Studies investigating return to work(RTW)or sports are often performed in large,urban areas.Relatively few studies have investig...BACKGROUND There has been an increasing focus in recent years on health-care disparities.Studies investigating return to work(RTW)or sports are often performed in large,urban areas.Relatively few studies have investigated rates of return to farming or other heavy labor that is of interest to patients in rural areas.AIM To evaluate the literature regarding RTW in farming or heavy labor after orthopedic hip,knee,or shoulder surgery.METHODS A search was performed in the PubMed and EMBASE databases using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Studies were included if they reported patients employed in farming or heavy labor,RTW rates after orthopedic surgery of the hip,knee,or shoulder,and had a minimum 6-month follow-up.A meta-analysis of proportions using a random-effects model was performed on three single-arm observational studies to estimate the pooled RTW rate following arthroscopic shoulder surgery.RESULTS Ten studies were included,and 101 farmers were identified among 440 total patients.One study involved hip surgery,two studies involved knee surgery,and seven studies involved shoulder surgery.RTW rates across studies varied by type of surgery and follow-up interval,ranging from 24%to 100%.The RTW rate was only 53.6%at 1 year following total hip arthroplasty.No studies investigated RTW in farmers following total knee arthroplasty.Among non-comparative studies,meta-analysis revealed a pooled RTW rate of 89%following arthroscopic shoulder surgery,with low heterogeneity(I^(2)=30.1%).Among comparative studies,one study reported significantly higher RTW odds for patients undergoing anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty compared to reverse shoulder arthroplasty(odds ratio=5.45).Overall,surgical intervention for shoulder pathology was associated with a high likelihood of RTW across multiple techniques,with particularly favorable outcomes for anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty.CONCLUSION This systematic review highlights the high rates of RTW in farmers and heavy laborers after shoulder surgery.However,our findings also underscore the need for more rural-specific research to guide patient counseling,rehabilitation expectations,and shared decision-making in this underserved population,particularly for orthopedic surgery of the hip and knee.展开更多
The return capsule of the Shenzhou-20 spaceship,carrying no astronauts,touched down at the Dongfeng landing site in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region at 9:34 a.m.(Beijing Time)on January 19,according to ...The return capsule of the Shenzhou-20 spaceship,carrying no astronauts,touched down at the Dongfeng landing site in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region at 9:34 a.m.(Beijing Time)on January 19,according to the China Manned Space Agency(CMSA).展开更多
针对现有跨垄式采茶机导航中心线提取效率低的问题,该研究提出一种基于机器视觉跟踪生长ROI茶垄间导航线提取算法。首先采用固定ROI(region of interest)方法,选取图像左下方区域为第一块ROI,在ROI内进行超绿指数灰度化,最大类方差法分...针对现有跨垄式采茶机导航中心线提取效率低的问题,该研究提出一种基于机器视觉跟踪生长ROI茶垄间导航线提取算法。首先采用固定ROI(region of interest)方法,选取图像左下方区域为第一块ROI,在ROI内进行超绿指数灰度化,最大类方差法分割茶垄道路与背景,通过形态学操作对图像进行增强与降噪,使用最大连通域检测操作提取ROI内的坐标信息与特征点,根据ROI提取的坐标信息动态生成ROI,直到整个图像中所有茶垄道路信息提取完成,最后采用最小二乘法获取跨垄式采茶机底盘在垄间行驶的导航线。该方法经过连续帧测试,处理一帧1920×1080像素图像的平均时间为18 ms,该研究算法与人工提取导航线的航向角平均误差为0.405°,标准差为0.463°,可在一定杂草、落叶干扰的情况下完成导航角提取。展开更多
目的:颈前路减压融合术是治疗退行性颈椎病的经典手术方式,钉板的使用增加了融合率及稳定性的同时,间接导致了邻近椎体退变和术后吞咽困难的发生。文章通过Meta分析方法比较ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统和传统融合器联合钉板内固定治疗退行性颈...目的:颈前路减压融合术是治疗退行性颈椎病的经典手术方式,钉板的使用增加了融合率及稳定性的同时,间接导致了邻近椎体退变和术后吞咽困难的发生。文章通过Meta分析方法比较ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统和传统融合器联合钉板内固定治疗退行性颈椎病患者的临床结果和并发症情况,为颈前路减压融合术中内固定方式的选择提供循证学支持。方法:检索中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science和Embase数据库,检索关于颈前路减压融合术中应用ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统与融合器联合钉板内固定治疗退行性颈椎病的中英文文献。检索时间范围为各数据库建库至2023年7月。由2名研究者严格按照纳入与排除标准选择文献,采用Cochrane偏倚风险工具对随机对照试验进行质量评价,NOS量表对队列研究进行质量评价。采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结局指标包括手术时间、术中出血量、日本骨科协会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores,JOA)评分、颈椎功能障碍指数、C_(2)-C_(7)Cobb角、融合率、邻近椎体退变发生率、融合器沉降率和吞咽困难发生率。结果:共纳入13项研究,其中回顾性队列研究11项,随机对照试验2项,共1136例患者,ROI-C组569例,融合器联合钉板组567例。Meta分析结果显示:ROI-C组与融合器联合钉板组在手术时间(MD=-15.52,95%CI:-18.62至-12.42,P<0.00001),术中出血量(MD=-24.53,95%CI:-32.46至-16.61,P<0.00001),术后邻近节段退变率(RR=0.40,95%CI:0.27-0.60,P<0.00001)和术后总吞咽困难发生率(RR=0.18,95%CI:0.13-0.26,P<0.00001)均具有显著性差异。两者在术后JOA评分、颈椎功能障碍指数、C_(2)-C_(7)Cobb角、融合率和融合器沉降率方面无显著性差异(P≥0.05)。结论:在颈椎前路减压融合术中应用ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统与传统融合器联合钉板内固定治疗退行性颈椎病均可达到满意的临床效果,ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统操作更加简单,相比融合器联合钉板内固定能明显减少手术时间及术中出血量,在减少术后吞咽困难及邻近节段退变发生率等方面具有明显优势,对于跳跃型颈椎病及邻椎病翻修患者,更加推荐使用ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统。但鉴于其可能存在较高的沉降率,对于多节段且合并融合器沉降高危因素如骨质疏松、椎体终板破损的退行性颈椎病患者,仍建议使用融合器联合钉板内固定。展开更多
BACKGROUND Return to work(RTW)serves as an indication for young and middle-aged colorectal cancer(CRC)survivors to resume their normal social lives.However,these survivors encounter significant challenges during their...BACKGROUND Return to work(RTW)serves as an indication for young and middle-aged colorectal cancer(CRC)survivors to resume their normal social lives.However,these survivors encounter significant challenges during their RTW process.Hence,scientific research is necessary to explore the barriers and facilitating factors of returning to work for young and middle-aged CRC survivors.AIM To examine the current RTW status among young and middle-aged CRC survivors and to analyze the impact of RTW self-efficacy(RTW-SE),fear of progression(FoP),eHealth literacy(eHL),family resilience(FR),and financial toxicity(FT)on their RTW outcomes.METHODS A cross-sectional investigation was adopted in this study.From September 2022 to February 2023,a total of 209 participants were recruited through a convenience sampling method from the gastrointestinal surgery department of a class A tertiary hospital in Chongqing.The investigation utilized a general information questionnaire alongside scales assessing RTW-SE,FoP,eHL,FR,and FT.To analyze the factors that influence RTW outcomes among young and middle-aged CRC survivors,Cox regression modeling and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used.RESULTS A total of 43.54%of the participants successfully returned to work,with an average RTW time of 100 days.Cox regression univariate analysis revealed that RTW-SE,FoP,eHL,FR,and FT were significantly different between the non-RTW and RTW groups(P<0.05).Furthermore,Cox regression multivariate analysis identified per capita family monthly income,job type,RTW-SE,and FR as independent influencing factors for RTW(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The RTW rate requires further improvement.Elevated levels of RTW-SE and FR were found to significantly increase RTW among young and middle-aged CRC survivors.Health professionals should focus on modifiable factors,such as RTW-SE and FR,to design targeted RTW support programs,thereby facilitating their timely reintegration into mainstream society.展开更多
Background Sex hormones play important roles in the estrus return of post-weaning sows.Previous studies have demonstrated a complex and bi-directional regulation between sex hormones and gut microbiota.However,the ext...Background Sex hormones play important roles in the estrus return of post-weaning sows.Previous studies have demonstrated a complex and bi-directional regulation between sex hormones and gut microbiota.However,the extent to which the gut microbiota affects estrus return of post-weaning sows is largely unknown.Results In this study,we first screened 207 fecal samples from well-phenotyped sows by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and identified significant associations between microbes and estrus return of post-weaning sows.Using metagenomic sequencing data from 85 fecal samples,we identified 37 bacterial species that were significantly associated with estrus return.Normally returning sows were characterized by increased abundances of L.reuteri and P.copri and decreased abundances of B.fragilis,S.suis,and B.pseudolongum.The changes in gut microbial composition significantly altered the functional capacity of steroid hormone biosynthesis in the gut microbiome.The results were confirmed in a validation cohort.Significant changes in sex steroid hormones and related compounds were found between normal and non-return sows via metabolome analysis.An integrated analysis of differential bacterial species,metagenome,and fecal metabolome provided evidence that normal return-associated bacterial species L.reuteri and Prevotella spp.participated in the degradation of pregnenolone,progesterone,and testosterone,thereby promoting estrogen biosynthesis.Furthermore,the microbial metabolites related to sow energy and nutrient supply or metabolic disorders also showed relationships with sow estrus return.Conclusions An integrated analysis of differentially abundant bacterial species,metagenome,and fecal metabolome revealed the involvement of L.reuteri and Prevotella spp.in sow estrus return.These findings provide deep insight into the role of gut microbiota in the estrus return of post-weaning sows and the complex cross-talk between gut microbiota and sex hormones,suggesting that the manipulation of the gut microbiota could be an effective strategy to improve sow estrus return after weaning.展开更多
In the 6th edition of the Chinese Space Trajectory Design Competition held in 2014, a near-Earth asteroid sample-return trajectory design problem was released, in which the motion of the spacecraft is modeled in multi...In the 6th edition of the Chinese Space Trajectory Design Competition held in 2014, a near-Earth asteroid sample-return trajectory design problem was released, in which the motion of the spacecraft is modeled in multi-body dynamics, considering the gravitational forces of the Sun, Earth, and Moon. It is proposed that an electric-propulsion spacecraft initially parking in a circular 200-kin-altitude low Earth orbit is expected to rendezvous with an asteroid and carry as much sample as possible back to the Earth in a 10-year time frame. The team from the Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences has reported a solution with an asteroid sample mass of 328 tons, which is ranked first in the competition. In this article, we will present our design and optimization methods, primarily including overall analysis, target selection, escape from and capture by the Earth-Moon system, and optimization of impulsive and low-thrust trajectories that are modeled in multi-body dynamics. The orbital resonance concept and lunar gravity assists are considered key techniques employed for trajectory design. The reported solution, preliminarily revealing the feasibility of returning a hundreds-of-tons asteroid or asteroid sample, envisions future space missions relating to near-Earth asteroid exploration.展开更多
针对飞行器导航中传统景象匹配技术计算量大、实时性差,且在惯性导航系统(Inertial Navigation System,INS)误差较大时易失效的问题,提出一种基于动态感兴趣区域(Region of Interest,ROI)和视场几何投影的目标定位方法。该方法采用两阶...针对飞行器导航中传统景象匹配技术计算量大、实时性差,且在惯性导航系统(Inertial Navigation System,INS)误差较大时易失效的问题,提出一种基于动态感兴趣区域(Region of Interest,ROI)和视场几何投影的目标定位方法。该方法采用两阶段流程,先利用组合导航数据和相机几何模型将实时图特征点投影至基准图,并依据INS误差动态外扩生成可靠ROI;再在ROI内利用单应性矩阵进行逆向透视变换和亚像素匹配解算精确相机位姿,实现目标定位。实验结果表明,所提方法通过精准限定搜索范围,显著降低了匹配耗时,在INS位置误差为150 m时成功率仍高于97.4%,有效提升了系统的实时性和可靠性。所提方法通过动态ROI驱动匹配,兼顾了计算效率和抗干扰能力,为复杂环境下的高精度定位提供了实用方案。展开更多
Alarge exquisite product of Suzhou embroidery—"Return Journey" is a precious gift to the Government of the Hongkong Special Administrative Region from the Jiangsu Provincial People’s Government marking Hon...Alarge exquisite product of Suzhou embroidery—"Return Journey" is a precious gift to the Government of the Hongkong Special Administrative Region from the Jiangsu Provincial People’s Government marking Hongkong’s return.展开更多
针对现有加密算法在医学图像加密方面存在的效率低、健壮性差以及加密系统稳定性差的问题,设计一个图像感兴趣区域(Region Of Interest,ROI)加密方法。利用统计方法将医学图像中的规则区域或曲线区域提取出来,随机选取几个像素值进行迭...针对现有加密算法在医学图像加密方面存在的效率低、健壮性差以及加密系统稳定性差的问题,设计一个图像感兴趣区域(Region Of Interest,ROI)加密方法。利用统计方法将医学图像中的规则区域或曲线区域提取出来,随机选取几个像素值进行迭代生成加密密钥,对ROI进行置乱和扩散操作,完成ROI的空间域加密。所提算法在密钥随机性、抗攻击性以及健壮性等方面都表现出较好的性能,相比于同类加密算法表现出明显的优势,可以为医学领域保障患者图像信息安全提供技术支持。展开更多
为实现自动驾驶汽车能精准定位、检测且识别出车道线,提出一种基于自适应外接形参ROI(Region of Interest)的车道线搜寻检测算法。首先利用python GUI编程库Tkinter模块创建GUI界面,提供ROI形状选择及参数输入的外接窗口,适应不同需求...为实现自动驾驶汽车能精准定位、检测且识别出车道线,提出一种基于自适应外接形参ROI(Region of Interest)的车道线搜寻检测算法。首先利用python GUI编程库Tkinter模块创建GUI界面,提供ROI形状选择及参数输入的外接窗口,适应不同需求下进行车道线的定位、标注,无需反复更新源码,达到车道线自动“挖掘”的效果;其次以灰度直方图双峰值确定左右车道线的初始位置,利用自适应滑动窗口进行车道线的搜寻,依据统计所属车道线像素点的窗口覆盖率来更新、优化窗口参数。实验仿真证明,该算法不仅简化了程序,提高了车道线检测与识别的稳定性和准确性。展开更多
为解决现有工件分类模型在处理高分辨率图像时非感兴趣区域(region of interest,ROI)的冗余计算问题,提出了1种ROI自适应轮廓驱动裁剪的工件分类网络模型(a workpiece classification network model with ROI adaptive contour-driven c...为解决现有工件分类模型在处理高分辨率图像时非感兴趣区域(region of interest,ROI)的冗余计算问题,提出了1种ROI自适应轮廓驱动裁剪的工件分类网络模型(a workpiece classification network model with ROI adaptive contour-driven cropping,ACDC-ClassNet)。该模型利用轮廓检测定位图像最大轮廓及其中心,据此生成标准化方形ROI裁剪区域,消除背景干扰。该模型采用预训练的50层残差网络(residual network-50 layers,ResNet-50),调整其分类头以适应工件类别数量,实现高效的特征聚焦与分类。结果表明,该ROI裁剪策略平均减少72.15%的冗余区域面积,使模型更专注于工件细节。相较于原始ResNet-50,ACDC-ClassNet在准确率、精确率、召回率、F1分数等指标上分别提升3.83、4.04、3.64、4.13个百分点。同时,该策略也优于高效网络(efficient network,EfficientNet)、视觉变换器(vision transformer,ViT)模型,准确率分别提升8.40、4.27个百分点。ACDC-ClassNet为工业背景下的高效视觉检测提供了新的技术路径。展开更多
Background: Lumbar disc herniation is a common injury among athletes, especially those who practice disciplines with repetitive flexion movements, twisting and axial loading on the spine, such as weightlifting, gymnas...Background: Lumbar disc herniation is a common injury among athletes, especially those who practice disciplines with repetitive flexion movements, twisting and axial loading on the spine, such as weightlifting, gymnastics, hockey and American football. In refractory cases to conservative treatment, microscopic discectomy or full endoscopic discectomy are used as surgical options to relieve pain and restore patient functionality. However, the ideal time for a return to sports activities remains a matter of debate due to variations in recovery times and risks of complications associated with each technique. Methods: A review was conducted, including articles published in the last 33 years (1991-2024), as it was the earliest date matching our search criteria. Clinical studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical guidelines were included. Results: The most common complications when returning to sport prematurely include recurrence of the hernia, persistent pain (VAS leg 7 or higher after surgery) and reduced physical performance. The return to full activity rate of patients who underwent microdiscectomy reaches up to 90%, while the endoscopic technique shows a success rate that reaches 99%. Return to play meantime was 5.19 months (range 1.00 - 8.7 months) and mean time of 4.6 months (range 2 - 8 months) with Microdiscectomy and full endoscopic discectomy respectively. Conclusions: There is no unanimous consensus on the exact timing of return to sport due to variability in recovery times and clinical outcomes. In both techniques, evidence highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach that integrates surgeons, physical therapists and trainers to optimize recovery and ensure a safe return.展开更多
Decision-makers usually have an aspiration level,a target,or a benchmark they aim to achieve.This behavior can be rationalized within the expected utility framework,which incorporates the probability of success(achiev...Decision-makers usually have an aspiration level,a target,or a benchmark they aim to achieve.This behavior can be rationalized within the expected utility framework,which incorporates the probability of success(achieving the aspiration level)as an important aspect of decision-making.Motivated by these theories,this study defines the probability of success as the number of days a firm’s return outperformed its benchmark in the portfolio formation month.This study uses portfolio-level and firm-level analyses,revealing an economically substantial and statistically significant relationship between the probability of success and expected stock returns,even after controlling for common risk factors and various characteristics.Additional analyses support the behavioral theory of the firm,which posits that firms act to achieve short-term aspiration levels.展开更多
During his second White House term,Trump’s governing style remains characteristically assertive,launching a full-scale offensive from day one.Domestically,he’s pushing for sweeping government reforms.
Huailai County in Zhangjiakou was taken as the research area.Based on daily temperature data from 1992 to 2021,various methods were used to analyze the characteristics of extreme temperature changes in the region and ...Huailai County in Zhangjiakou was taken as the research area.Based on daily temperature data from 1992 to 2021,various methods were used to analyze the characteristics of extreme temperature changes in the region and estimate extreme temperature values for different return periods.The results showed that from 1992 to 2021,both the annual average maximum and minimum temperatures in Huailai County exhibited a slight downward trend,with continuous low temperatures from 2010 to 2012;the annual average extreme maximum temperature slightly decreased,reaching a peak in 2010,with July being the concentrated period of extreme high temperatures;the extreme minimum temperature"continuously cooled down"with multiple occurrences of low temperatures in the past decade and a decrease in the number of high temperature days.The estimation of return periods based on the Gumbel distribution indicates that the temperature values for different return periods vary between the highest and lowest temperature months,and the longer the return period,the more significant the extreme temperature values and the larger the standard deviation.The research can provide a basis for local agricultural development.展开更多
Stock return prediction has been in the spotlight because it involves numerous factors.Improving the accuracy of stock return prediction and quantifying the impact of individual factors on forecasting remain challengi...Stock return prediction has been in the spotlight because it involves numerous factors.Improving the accuracy of stock return prediction and quantifying the impact of individual factors on forecasting remain challenging tasks.Motivated by these challenges,we propose a novel forecasting method that entails proxy variables of category factors and the random forest technique.This new method aims to quantify the information and importance of category factors,thereby enhancing the predictability of stock returns.Specifically,we categorize a large set of return predictors into several category factors.We then utilize the importance of the original variables to construct proxy variables for these category factors.Subsequently,we use the proxy variables to build a random forest model for predicting stock returns.Our empirical analysis results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively quantifies the importance of both the original factors and category factors.Furthermore,we find that the fundamental information factor consistently ranks as the most crucial category factor for stock return forecasting.Additionally,the proposed method exhibits a more robust and prominent prediction performance than competing models such as single-category-factor-based random forest models,dimension-reduction,and forecast-combination methods.Most importantly,the proposed method produces forecast results that can assist investors with understanding stock market dynamics and facilitate higher investment returns.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND There has been an increasing focus in recent years on health-care disparities.Studies investigating return to work(RTW)or sports are often performed in large,urban areas.Relatively few studies have investigated rates of return to farming or other heavy labor that is of interest to patients in rural areas.AIM To evaluate the literature regarding RTW in farming or heavy labor after orthopedic hip,knee,or shoulder surgery.METHODS A search was performed in the PubMed and EMBASE databases using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.Studies were included if they reported patients employed in farming or heavy labor,RTW rates after orthopedic surgery of the hip,knee,or shoulder,and had a minimum 6-month follow-up.A meta-analysis of proportions using a random-effects model was performed on three single-arm observational studies to estimate the pooled RTW rate following arthroscopic shoulder surgery.RESULTS Ten studies were included,and 101 farmers were identified among 440 total patients.One study involved hip surgery,two studies involved knee surgery,and seven studies involved shoulder surgery.RTW rates across studies varied by type of surgery and follow-up interval,ranging from 24%to 100%.The RTW rate was only 53.6%at 1 year following total hip arthroplasty.No studies investigated RTW in farmers following total knee arthroplasty.Among non-comparative studies,meta-analysis revealed a pooled RTW rate of 89%following arthroscopic shoulder surgery,with low heterogeneity(I^(2)=30.1%).Among comparative studies,one study reported significantly higher RTW odds for patients undergoing anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty compared to reverse shoulder arthroplasty(odds ratio=5.45).Overall,surgical intervention for shoulder pathology was associated with a high likelihood of RTW across multiple techniques,with particularly favorable outcomes for anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty.CONCLUSION This systematic review highlights the high rates of RTW in farmers and heavy laborers after shoulder surgery.However,our findings also underscore the need for more rural-specific research to guide patient counseling,rehabilitation expectations,and shared decision-making in this underserved population,particularly for orthopedic surgery of the hip and knee.
文摘The return capsule of the Shenzhou-20 spaceship,carrying no astronauts,touched down at the Dongfeng landing site in north China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region at 9:34 a.m.(Beijing Time)on January 19,according to the China Manned Space Agency(CMSA).
文摘针对现有跨垄式采茶机导航中心线提取效率低的问题,该研究提出一种基于机器视觉跟踪生长ROI茶垄间导航线提取算法。首先采用固定ROI(region of interest)方法,选取图像左下方区域为第一块ROI,在ROI内进行超绿指数灰度化,最大类方差法分割茶垄道路与背景,通过形态学操作对图像进行增强与降噪,使用最大连通域检测操作提取ROI内的坐标信息与特征点,根据ROI提取的坐标信息动态生成ROI,直到整个图像中所有茶垄道路信息提取完成,最后采用最小二乘法获取跨垄式采茶机底盘在垄间行驶的导航线。该方法经过连续帧测试,处理一帧1920×1080像素图像的平均时间为18 ms,该研究算法与人工提取导航线的航向角平均误差为0.405°,标准差为0.463°,可在一定杂草、落叶干扰的情况下完成导航角提取。
文摘目的:颈前路减压融合术是治疗退行性颈椎病的经典手术方式,钉板的使用增加了融合率及稳定性的同时,间接导致了邻近椎体退变和术后吞咽困难的发生。文章通过Meta分析方法比较ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统和传统融合器联合钉板内固定治疗退行性颈椎病患者的临床结果和并发症情况,为颈前路减压融合术中内固定方式的选择提供循证学支持。方法:检索中国知网、万方、维普、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science和Embase数据库,检索关于颈前路减压融合术中应用ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统与融合器联合钉板内固定治疗退行性颈椎病的中英文文献。检索时间范围为各数据库建库至2023年7月。由2名研究者严格按照纳入与排除标准选择文献,采用Cochrane偏倚风险工具对随机对照试验进行质量评价,NOS量表对队列研究进行质量评价。采用RevMan 5.4软件进行Meta分析。结局指标包括手术时间、术中出血量、日本骨科协会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores,JOA)评分、颈椎功能障碍指数、C_(2)-C_(7)Cobb角、融合率、邻近椎体退变发生率、融合器沉降率和吞咽困难发生率。结果:共纳入13项研究,其中回顾性队列研究11项,随机对照试验2项,共1136例患者,ROI-C组569例,融合器联合钉板组567例。Meta分析结果显示:ROI-C组与融合器联合钉板组在手术时间(MD=-15.52,95%CI:-18.62至-12.42,P<0.00001),术中出血量(MD=-24.53,95%CI:-32.46至-16.61,P<0.00001),术后邻近节段退变率(RR=0.40,95%CI:0.27-0.60,P<0.00001)和术后总吞咽困难发生率(RR=0.18,95%CI:0.13-0.26,P<0.00001)均具有显著性差异。两者在术后JOA评分、颈椎功能障碍指数、C_(2)-C_(7)Cobb角、融合率和融合器沉降率方面无显著性差异(P≥0.05)。结论:在颈椎前路减压融合术中应用ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统与传统融合器联合钉板内固定治疗退行性颈椎病均可达到满意的临床效果,ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统操作更加简单,相比融合器联合钉板内固定能明显减少手术时间及术中出血量,在减少术后吞咽困难及邻近节段退变发生率等方面具有明显优势,对于跳跃型颈椎病及邻椎病翻修患者,更加推荐使用ROI-C^(TM)自锁系统。但鉴于其可能存在较高的沉降率,对于多节段且合并融合器沉降高危因素如骨质疏松、椎体终板破损的退行性颈椎病患者,仍建议使用融合器联合钉板内固定。
基金Supported by the Chongqing Medical University Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine,No.W0019Chongqing Municipal Education Commission’s 14th Five-Year Key Discipline Support Project,No.20240101 and No.20240102。
文摘BACKGROUND Return to work(RTW)serves as an indication for young and middle-aged colorectal cancer(CRC)survivors to resume their normal social lives.However,these survivors encounter significant challenges during their RTW process.Hence,scientific research is necessary to explore the barriers and facilitating factors of returning to work for young and middle-aged CRC survivors.AIM To examine the current RTW status among young and middle-aged CRC survivors and to analyze the impact of RTW self-efficacy(RTW-SE),fear of progression(FoP),eHealth literacy(eHL),family resilience(FR),and financial toxicity(FT)on their RTW outcomes.METHODS A cross-sectional investigation was adopted in this study.From September 2022 to February 2023,a total of 209 participants were recruited through a convenience sampling method from the gastrointestinal surgery department of a class A tertiary hospital in Chongqing.The investigation utilized a general information questionnaire alongside scales assessing RTW-SE,FoP,eHL,FR,and FT.To analyze the factors that influence RTW outcomes among young and middle-aged CRC survivors,Cox regression modeling and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were used.RESULTS A total of 43.54%of the participants successfully returned to work,with an average RTW time of 100 days.Cox regression univariate analysis revealed that RTW-SE,FoP,eHL,FR,and FT were significantly different between the non-RTW and RTW groups(P<0.05).Furthermore,Cox regression multivariate analysis identified per capita family monthly income,job type,RTW-SE,and FR as independent influencing factors for RTW(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The RTW rate requires further improvement.Elevated levels of RTW-SE and FR were found to significantly increase RTW among young and middle-aged CRC survivors.Health professionals should focus on modifiable factors,such as RTW-SE and FR,to design targeted RTW support programs,thereby facilitating their timely reintegration into mainstream society.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFA1304204)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31772579).
文摘Background Sex hormones play important roles in the estrus return of post-weaning sows.Previous studies have demonstrated a complex and bi-directional regulation between sex hormones and gut microbiota.However,the extent to which the gut microbiota affects estrus return of post-weaning sows is largely unknown.Results In this study,we first screened 207 fecal samples from well-phenotyped sows by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and identified significant associations between microbes and estrus return of post-weaning sows.Using metagenomic sequencing data from 85 fecal samples,we identified 37 bacterial species that were significantly associated with estrus return.Normally returning sows were characterized by increased abundances of L.reuteri and P.copri and decreased abundances of B.fragilis,S.suis,and B.pseudolongum.The changes in gut microbial composition significantly altered the functional capacity of steroid hormone biosynthesis in the gut microbiome.The results were confirmed in a validation cohort.Significant changes in sex steroid hormones and related compounds were found between normal and non-return sows via metabolome analysis.An integrated analysis of differential bacterial species,metagenome,and fecal metabolome provided evidence that normal return-associated bacterial species L.reuteri and Prevotella spp.participated in the degradation of pregnenolone,progesterone,and testosterone,thereby promoting estrogen biosynthesis.Furthermore,the microbial metabolites related to sow energy and nutrient supply or metabolic disorders also showed relationships with sow estrus return.Conclusions An integrated analysis of differentially abundant bacterial species,metagenome,and fecal metabolome revealed the involvement of L.reuteri and Prevotella spp.in sow estrus return.These findings provide deep insight into the role of gut microbiota in the estrus return of post-weaning sows and the complex cross-talk between gut microbiota and sex hormones,suggesting that the manipulation of the gut microbiota could be an effective strategy to improve sow estrus return after weaning.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant11372311)the grant from the State key Laboratory of Astronautic Dynamics(2014-ADL-DW0201)
文摘In the 6th edition of the Chinese Space Trajectory Design Competition held in 2014, a near-Earth asteroid sample-return trajectory design problem was released, in which the motion of the spacecraft is modeled in multi-body dynamics, considering the gravitational forces of the Sun, Earth, and Moon. It is proposed that an electric-propulsion spacecraft initially parking in a circular 200-kin-altitude low Earth orbit is expected to rendezvous with an asteroid and carry as much sample as possible back to the Earth in a 10-year time frame. The team from the Technology and Engineering Center for Space Utilization, Chinese Academy of Sciences has reported a solution with an asteroid sample mass of 328 tons, which is ranked first in the competition. In this article, we will present our design and optimization methods, primarily including overall analysis, target selection, escape from and capture by the Earth-Moon system, and optimization of impulsive and low-thrust trajectories that are modeled in multi-body dynamics. The orbital resonance concept and lunar gravity assists are considered key techniques employed for trajectory design. The reported solution, preliminarily revealing the feasibility of returning a hundreds-of-tons asteroid or asteroid sample, envisions future space missions relating to near-Earth asteroid exploration.
文摘Alarge exquisite product of Suzhou embroidery—"Return Journey" is a precious gift to the Government of the Hongkong Special Administrative Region from the Jiangsu Provincial People’s Government marking Hongkong’s return.
文摘针对现有加密算法在医学图像加密方面存在的效率低、健壮性差以及加密系统稳定性差的问题,设计一个图像感兴趣区域(Region Of Interest,ROI)加密方法。利用统计方法将医学图像中的规则区域或曲线区域提取出来,随机选取几个像素值进行迭代生成加密密钥,对ROI进行置乱和扩散操作,完成ROI的空间域加密。所提算法在密钥随机性、抗攻击性以及健壮性等方面都表现出较好的性能,相比于同类加密算法表现出明显的优势,可以为医学领域保障患者图像信息安全提供技术支持。
文摘为实现自动驾驶汽车能精准定位、检测且识别出车道线,提出一种基于自适应外接形参ROI(Region of Interest)的车道线搜寻检测算法。首先利用python GUI编程库Tkinter模块创建GUI界面,提供ROI形状选择及参数输入的外接窗口,适应不同需求下进行车道线的定位、标注,无需反复更新源码,达到车道线自动“挖掘”的效果;其次以灰度直方图双峰值确定左右车道线的初始位置,利用自适应滑动窗口进行车道线的搜寻,依据统计所属车道线像素点的窗口覆盖率来更新、优化窗口参数。实验仿真证明,该算法不仅简化了程序,提高了车道线检测与识别的稳定性和准确性。
文摘为解决现有工件分类模型在处理高分辨率图像时非感兴趣区域(region of interest,ROI)的冗余计算问题,提出了1种ROI自适应轮廓驱动裁剪的工件分类网络模型(a workpiece classification network model with ROI adaptive contour-driven cropping,ACDC-ClassNet)。该模型利用轮廓检测定位图像最大轮廓及其中心,据此生成标准化方形ROI裁剪区域,消除背景干扰。该模型采用预训练的50层残差网络(residual network-50 layers,ResNet-50),调整其分类头以适应工件类别数量,实现高效的特征聚焦与分类。结果表明,该ROI裁剪策略平均减少72.15%的冗余区域面积,使模型更专注于工件细节。相较于原始ResNet-50,ACDC-ClassNet在准确率、精确率、召回率、F1分数等指标上分别提升3.83、4.04、3.64、4.13个百分点。同时,该策略也优于高效网络(efficient network,EfficientNet)、视觉变换器(vision transformer,ViT)模型,准确率分别提升8.40、4.27个百分点。ACDC-ClassNet为工业背景下的高效视觉检测提供了新的技术路径。
文摘Background: Lumbar disc herniation is a common injury among athletes, especially those who practice disciplines with repetitive flexion movements, twisting and axial loading on the spine, such as weightlifting, gymnastics, hockey and American football. In refractory cases to conservative treatment, microscopic discectomy or full endoscopic discectomy are used as surgical options to relieve pain and restore patient functionality. However, the ideal time for a return to sports activities remains a matter of debate due to variations in recovery times and risks of complications associated with each technique. Methods: A review was conducted, including articles published in the last 33 years (1991-2024), as it was the earliest date matching our search criteria. Clinical studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and clinical guidelines were included. Results: The most common complications when returning to sport prematurely include recurrence of the hernia, persistent pain (VAS leg 7 or higher after surgery) and reduced physical performance. The return to full activity rate of patients who underwent microdiscectomy reaches up to 90%, while the endoscopic technique shows a success rate that reaches 99%. Return to play meantime was 5.19 months (range 1.00 - 8.7 months) and mean time of 4.6 months (range 2 - 8 months) with Microdiscectomy and full endoscopic discectomy respectively. Conclusions: There is no unanimous consensus on the exact timing of return to sport due to variability in recovery times and clinical outcomes. In both techniques, evidence highlights the need for a multidisciplinary approach that integrates surgeons, physical therapists and trainers to optimize recovery and ensure a safe return.
文摘Decision-makers usually have an aspiration level,a target,or a benchmark they aim to achieve.This behavior can be rationalized within the expected utility framework,which incorporates the probability of success(achieving the aspiration level)as an important aspect of decision-making.Motivated by these theories,this study defines the probability of success as the number of days a firm’s return outperformed its benchmark in the portfolio formation month.This study uses portfolio-level and firm-level analyses,revealing an economically substantial and statistically significant relationship between the probability of success and expected stock returns,even after controlling for common risk factors and various characteristics.Additional analyses support the behavioral theory of the firm,which posits that firms act to achieve short-term aspiration levels.
文摘During his second White House term,Trump’s governing style remains characteristically assertive,launching a full-scale offensive from day one.Domestically,he’s pushing for sweeping government reforms.
文摘Huailai County in Zhangjiakou was taken as the research area.Based on daily temperature data from 1992 to 2021,various methods were used to analyze the characteristics of extreme temperature changes in the region and estimate extreme temperature values for different return periods.The results showed that from 1992 to 2021,both the annual average maximum and minimum temperatures in Huailai County exhibited a slight downward trend,with continuous low temperatures from 2010 to 2012;the annual average extreme maximum temperature slightly decreased,reaching a peak in 2010,with July being the concentrated period of extreme high temperatures;the extreme minimum temperature"continuously cooled down"with multiple occurrences of low temperatures in the past decade and a decrease in the number of high temperature days.The estimation of return periods based on the Gumbel distribution indicates that the temperature values for different return periods vary between the highest and lowest temperature months,and the longer the return period,the more significant the extreme temperature values and the larger the standard deviation.The research can provide a basis for local agricultural development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.72403117,U1901223,72271095)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(Grant No.BK20241435)+1 种基金Guangzhou Philosophy and Social Science Project(Grant No.x2gsN5180360)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.30923011034).
文摘Stock return prediction has been in the spotlight because it involves numerous factors.Improving the accuracy of stock return prediction and quantifying the impact of individual factors on forecasting remain challenging tasks.Motivated by these challenges,we propose a novel forecasting method that entails proxy variables of category factors and the random forest technique.This new method aims to quantify the information and importance of category factors,thereby enhancing the predictability of stock returns.Specifically,we categorize a large set of return predictors into several category factors.We then utilize the importance of the original variables to construct proxy variables for these category factors.Subsequently,we use the proxy variables to build a random forest model for predicting stock returns.Our empirical analysis results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively quantifies the importance of both the original factors and category factors.Furthermore,we find that the fundamental information factor consistently ranks as the most crucial category factor for stock return forecasting.Additionally,the proposed method exhibits a more robust and prominent prediction performance than competing models such as single-category-factor-based random forest models,dimension-reduction,and forecast-combination methods.Most importantly,the proposed method produces forecast results that can assist investors with understanding stock market dynamics and facilitate higher investment returns.
