Achieving artificial simulations of multi-step energy transfer processes and conversions in nature remains a challenge.In this study,we present a three-step sequential energy transfer process,which was constructed thr...Achieving artificial simulations of multi-step energy transfer processes and conversions in nature remains a challenge.In this study,we present a three-step sequential energy transfer process,which was constructed through host-vip interactions between a piperazine derivative(PPE-BPI)with aggregationinduced emission(AIE)and cucurbit[7]uril(CB[7])in water to serve as ideal energy donors.To achieve multi-step sequential energy transfer,we employ three distinct fluorescent dyes Eosin B(EsB),Sulforhodamine 101(SR101),and Cyanine 5(Cy5)as energy acceptors.The PPE-PBI-2CB[7]+EsB+SR101+Cy5 system demonstrates a highly efficient three-step sequential energy transfer mechanism,starting with PPEPBI-2CB[7]and transferring energy successively to EsB,SR101,and finally to Cy5,with remarkable energy transfer efficiencies.More interestingly,with the progressive transfer of energy in the multi-step energy transfer system,the generation efficiency of superoxide anion radical(O_(2)•-)increased gradually,which can be used as photocatalysts for selectively photooxidation of N-phenyltetrahydroisoquinoline in an aqueous medium with a high yield of 86%after irradiation for 18 h.This study offers a valuable investigation into the simulation of multi-step energy transfer processes and transformations in the natural world,paving the way for further research in the field.展开更多
A robust adaptive fuzzy control scheme is presented for a class of strict-feedback nonaffine nonlinear systems with modeling uncertainties and external disturbances by using a backstepping approach.Fuzzy logic systems...A robust adaptive fuzzy control scheme is presented for a class of strict-feedback nonaffine nonlinear systems with modeling uncertainties and external disturbances by using a backstepping approach.Fuzzy logic systems are employed to approximate the unknown parts of the desired virtual controls,and the approximation errors of fuzzy systems are only required to be norm-bounded.The function tanh（·） is introduced to avoid problems associated with sgn（·）.The tracking error is guaranteed to be uniformly ultimately bounded with the aid of an additional adaptive compensation term.Chua＇s circuit system and R o¨ssler system are presented to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control technique.展开更多
Hv1 is the only voltage-gated proton-selective channel in mammalian cells.It contains a conserved voltage-sensor domain,shared by a large class of voltage-gated ion channels,but lacks a pore domain.Its primary role is...Hv1 is the only voltage-gated proton-selective channel in mammalian cells.It contains a conserved voltage-sensor domain,shared by a large class of voltage-gated ion channels,but lacks a pore domain.Its primary role is to extrude protons from the cytoplasm upon pH reduction and membrane depolarization.The best-known function of Hv1 is the regulation of cytosolic pH and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-dependent production of reactive oxygen species.Accumulating evidence indicates that Hv1 is expressed in nervous systems,in addition to immune cells and others.Here,we summarize the molecular properties,distribution,and physiological functions of Hv1 in the peripheral and central nervous systems.We describe the recently discovered functions of Hv1 in various neurological diseases,including brain or spinal cord injury,ischemic stroke,demyelinating diseases,and pain.We also summarize the current advances in the discovery and application of Hv1-targeted small molecules in neurological diseases.Finally,we discuss the current limitations of our understanding of Hv1 and suggest future research directions.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52205210)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Nos.ZR2020MB018,ZR2022QE033 and ZR2021QB049).
文摘Achieving artificial simulations of multi-step energy transfer processes and conversions in nature remains a challenge.In this study,we present a three-step sequential energy transfer process,which was constructed through host-vip interactions between a piperazine derivative(PPE-BPI)with aggregationinduced emission(AIE)and cucurbit[7]uril(CB[7])in water to serve as ideal energy donors.To achieve multi-step sequential energy transfer,we employ three distinct fluorescent dyes Eosin B(EsB),Sulforhodamine 101(SR101),and Cyanine 5(Cy5)as energy acceptors.The PPE-PBI-2CB[7]+EsB+SR101+Cy5 system demonstrates a highly efficient three-step sequential energy transfer mechanism,starting with PPEPBI-2CB[7]and transferring energy successively to EsB,SR101,and finally to Cy5,with remarkable energy transfer efficiencies.More interestingly,with the progressive transfer of energy in the multi-step energy transfer system,the generation efficiency of superoxide anion radical(O_(2)•-)increased gradually,which can be used as photocatalysts for selectively photooxidation of N-phenyltetrahydroisoquinoline in an aqueous medium with a high yield of 86%after irradiation for 18 h.This study offers a valuable investigation into the simulation of multi-step energy transfer processes and transformations in the natural world,paving the way for further research in the field.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (9071602811001128)
文摘A robust adaptive fuzzy control scheme is presented for a class of strict-feedback nonaffine nonlinear systems with modeling uncertainties and external disturbances by using a backstepping approach.Fuzzy logic systems are employed to approximate the unknown parts of the desired virtual controls,and the approximation errors of fuzzy systems are only required to be norm-bounded.The function tanh（·） is introduced to avoid problems associated with sgn（·）.The tracking error is guaranteed to be uniformly ultimately bounded with the aid of an additional adaptive compensation term.Chua＇s circuit system and R o¨ssler system are presented to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed control technique.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32071003,82271249,and 81873808)the 1-3-5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence of West China Hospital of Sichuan University(ZYJC21034).
文摘Hv1 is the only voltage-gated proton-selective channel in mammalian cells.It contains a conserved voltage-sensor domain,shared by a large class of voltage-gated ion channels,but lacks a pore domain.Its primary role is to extrude protons from the cytoplasm upon pH reduction and membrane depolarization.The best-known function of Hv1 is the regulation of cytosolic pH and the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase-dependent production of reactive oxygen species.Accumulating evidence indicates that Hv1 is expressed in nervous systems,in addition to immune cells and others.Here,we summarize the molecular properties,distribution,and physiological functions of Hv1 in the peripheral and central nervous systems.We describe the recently discovered functions of Hv1 in various neurological diseases,including brain or spinal cord injury,ischemic stroke,demyelinating diseases,and pain.We also summarize the current advances in the discovery and application of Hv1-targeted small molecules in neurological diseases.Finally,we discuss the current limitations of our understanding of Hv1 and suggest future research directions.
