Cryopreservation of living cells and tissues plays a vital role in biomedical research,clinical applications,biotechnology innovation,the development of new vaccines and drugs,and the conservation of endangered specie...Cryopreservation of living cells and tissues plays a vital role in biomedical research,clinical applications,biotechnology innovation,the development of new vaccines and drugs,and the conservation of endangered species.While significant technological breakthroughs have been achieved in cooling methods-particularly through vitrification for large tissue and organs-the lack of optimal rewarming technology remains a key obstacle to successful cryopreservation,especially for larger samples such as tissues and organs.The primary challenges during the warming process include non-uniformity heating and insufficient rewarming rates,which can lead to thermal stress-induced structural damage and lethal ice recrystallization,ultimately compromising the integrity and functionality of biological materials.In recent years,various advanced warming techniques have emerged,employing different energy conversion approaches to achieve volumetric heating while minimizing the risk of overheating.These techniques involve thermal,mechanical-thermal,and electromagnetic-thermal energy conversions.However,each method presents its own limitation.This review aims to summarize recent advancements in rewarming technologies for cryopreservation,with a focus on their mechanisms,applications,and the key challenges that must be addressed to enable broader adoption in medical and commercial contexts.展开更多
Since the beginning of the 21st century,modern medical technology has advanced rapidly,and the cryomedicine has also seen significant progress.Notable developments include the application of cryomedicine in assisted r...Since the beginning of the 21st century,modern medical technology has advanced rapidly,and the cryomedicine has also seen significant progress.Notable developments include the application of cryomedicine in assisted reproduction and the cryopreservation of sperm,eggs and embryos,as well as the preservation of skin,fingers,and other isolated tissues.However,cryopreservation of large and complex tissues or organs remains highly challenging.In addition to the damage caused by the freezing and rewarming processes and the inherent complexity of tissues and organs,there is an urgent need to address issues related to damage detection and the investigation of injury mechanisms.It provides a retrospective analysis of existing methods for assessing tissue and organ viability.Although current techniques can detect damage to some extent,they tend to be relatively simple,time-consuming,and limited in their ability to provide timely and comprehensive assessments of viability.By summarizing and evaluating these approaches,our study aims to contribute to the improvement of viability detection methods and to promote further development in this critical area.展开更多
With the rapid development of stem cell-related therapies and regenerative medicine,the clinical application of stem cell products is on the rise.However,ensuring the effectiveness of these products after storage and ...With the rapid development of stem cell-related therapies and regenerative medicine,the clinical application of stem cell products is on the rise.However,ensuring the effectiveness of these products after storage and transportation remains a challenge in the transformation to clinical trials.Cryopreservation technology allows for the long-term storage of cells while ensuring viability,making it a top priority for stem cell preservation.The field of cryopreservationrelated engineering technologies is thriving,and this review provides an overview of the background and basic principles of cryopreservation.It then delves into the main bioengineering technologies and strategies used in cryopreservation,including photothermal and electromagnetic rewarming,microencapsulation,and synergetic ice inhibition.Finally,the current challenges and future prospects in the field of efficient cryopreservation of stem cells are summarized and discussed.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Award Number:2346842).
文摘Cryopreservation of living cells and tissues plays a vital role in biomedical research,clinical applications,biotechnology innovation,the development of new vaccines and drugs,and the conservation of endangered species.While significant technological breakthroughs have been achieved in cooling methods-particularly through vitrification for large tissue and organs-the lack of optimal rewarming technology remains a key obstacle to successful cryopreservation,especially for larger samples such as tissues and organs.The primary challenges during the warming process include non-uniformity heating and insufficient rewarming rates,which can lead to thermal stress-induced structural damage and lethal ice recrystallization,ultimately compromising the integrity and functionality of biological materials.In recent years,various advanced warming techniques have emerged,employing different energy conversion approaches to achieve volumetric heating while minimizing the risk of overheating.These techniques involve thermal,mechanical-thermal,and electromagnetic-thermal energy conversions.However,each method presents its own limitation.This review aims to summarize recent advancements in rewarming technologies for cryopreservation,with a focus on their mechanisms,applications,and the key challenges that must be addressed to enable broader adoption in medical and commercial contexts.
文摘Since the beginning of the 21st century,modern medical technology has advanced rapidly,and the cryomedicine has also seen significant progress.Notable developments include the application of cryomedicine in assisted reproduction and the cryopreservation of sperm,eggs and embryos,as well as the preservation of skin,fingers,and other isolated tissues.However,cryopreservation of large and complex tissues or organs remains highly challenging.In addition to the damage caused by the freezing and rewarming processes and the inherent complexity of tissues and organs,there is an urgent need to address issues related to damage detection and the investigation of injury mechanisms.It provides a retrospective analysis of existing methods for assessing tissue and organ viability.Although current techniques can detect damage to some extent,they tend to be relatively simple,time-consuming,and limited in their ability to provide timely and comprehensive assessments of viability.By summarizing and evaluating these approaches,our study aims to contribute to the improvement of viability detection methods and to promote further development in this critical area.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82172114)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2108085J37)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2703000).
文摘With the rapid development of stem cell-related therapies and regenerative medicine,the clinical application of stem cell products is on the rise.However,ensuring the effectiveness of these products after storage and transportation remains a challenge in the transformation to clinical trials.Cryopreservation technology allows for the long-term storage of cells while ensuring viability,making it a top priority for stem cell preservation.The field of cryopreservationrelated engineering technologies is thriving,and this review provides an overview of the background and basic principles of cryopreservation.It then delves into the main bioengineering technologies and strategies used in cryopreservation,including photothermal and electromagnetic rewarming,microencapsulation,and synergetic ice inhibition.Finally,the current challenges and future prospects in the field of efficient cryopreservation of stem cells are summarized and discussed.
