Tricyclic compound 6 was synthesized form compound 1 through sis steps, thus preblem of the stereochemistry of C2α-H being solved. The stereochemistry for introducing hydroxy groups at C3β and C4α positions in com...Tricyclic compound 6 was synthesized form compound 1 through sis steps, thus preblem of the stereochemistry of C2α-H being solved. The stereochemistry for introducing hydroxy groups at C3β and C4α positions in compound 1 was also described.展开更多
The structure factors of any crystal structure can be simulated from its atomic coordinates (and temperature factors) in a SHELXL-97 run on a dummy hkl in which only the scale factor is refined. The squares of the str...The structure factors of any crystal structure can be simulated from its atomic coordinates (and temperature factors) in a SHELXL-97 run on a dummy hkl in which only the scale factor is refined. The squares of the structure factors are retrieved from the fcf, and such simulated data are used in the revision of the space groups of several incorrectly-refined crystal structures. Two cases, a P1 to P1 revision and a chemically-incorrect structure that is refined in a correct space group, are discussed.展开更多
Leg-length discrepancy(LLD)in individuals experiencing total hip arthroplasty(THA)is related to a substantially higher fall risk,length of post-operative hospital in-patient stay,elevated implant-related adverse event...Leg-length discrepancy(LLD)in individuals experiencing total hip arthroplasty(THA)is related to a substantially higher fall risk,length of post-operative hospital in-patient stay,elevated implant-related adverse events,and earlier revision.Therefore,it is essential to try to avoid LLD when implanting a THA.Several studies focus on this issue,including the following:Accelerometer-based portable navigation system,preoperative digital templating,robot-assisted surgery,the anatomical marker positioning method(shoulder-to-shoulder)and the artificial intelligence-based three-dimensional planning software system.The aforementioned methods should be familiar to surgeons who perform THA procedures,as a fundamental objective of this surgical intervention is to avoid LLD.展开更多
The master plan for the city ofJiaojiang,worked out in 1983,has been prov-ed in correspondence with the reality ofJiaojiang through seven year’s practice.Play-ing an important role in guiding Jiaojiang’surban constr...The master plan for the city ofJiaojiang,worked out in 1983,has been prov-ed in correspondence with the reality ofJiaojiang through seven year’s practice.Play-ing an important role in guiding Jiaojiang’surban construction,the master plan helpedthe small town originally under the jurisdic-tion of county develop into a modern portcity with preliminary scale within merely sev-eral years.However,due to the changed so-展开更多
This paper presents a programmable approach to revising knowledge bases consisting of clauses. Some theorems and lemmas are shown in order to give procedures for generating maximally consistent subsets. Then a complet...This paper presents a programmable approach to revising knowledge bases consisting of clauses. Some theorems and lemmas are shown in order to give procedures for generating maximally consistent subsets. Then a complete procedure and an incomplete procedure for generating the maximal consistent subsets are presented, and the correctness of the procedures is also shown. Furthermore, a way to implement knowledge base revision is presented, and a prototype system is introduced. Compared with related works, the main characteristic of our approach is that the approach can be implemented by a computer program.展开更多
One of the important topics in knowledge base revision is to introduce an efficient implementation algorithm. Algebraic approaches have good characteristics and implementation method; they may be a choice to solve the...One of the important topics in knowledge base revision is to introduce an efficient implementation algorithm. Algebraic approaches have good characteristics and implementation method; they may be a choice to solve the problem. An algebraic approach is presented to revise propositional rule-based knowledge bases in this paper. A way is firstly introduced to transform a propositional rule-based knowledge base into a Petri net. A knowledge base is represented by a Petri net, and facts are represented by the initial marking. Thus, the consistency check of a knowledge base is equivalent to the reachability problem of Petri nets. The reachability of Petri nets can be decided by whether the state equation has a solution; hence the consistency check can also be implemented by algebraic approach. Furthermore, algorithms are introduced to revise a propositional rule-based knowledge base, as well as extended logic programming. Compared with related works, the algorithms presented in the paper are efficient, and the time complexities of these algorithms are polynomial.展开更多
The CUG_CLMFM3D series comprises high-resolution three-dimensional lithospheric magnetic field models for China and its surroundings.The first version,CUG_CLMFM3Dv1,is a spherical cap harmonic model integrating the WD...The CUG_CLMFM3D series comprises high-resolution three-dimensional lithospheric magnetic field models for China and its surroundings.The first version,CUG_CLMFM3Dv1,is a spherical cap harmonic model integrating the WDMAMv2(World Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map version 2)global magnetic anomaly grid and nearly a decade of CHAMP(Challenging Minisatellite Payload for Geophysical Research and Application)satellite vector data.It achieves a~5.7 km resolution but has limitations:the WDMAMv2 grid lacks high-resolution data in the southern Xinjiang and Tibet regions,which leads to missing small-to medium-scale anomalies,and unfiltered CHAMP data introduce low-frequency conflicts with global spherical harmonic models.Above the altitude of 150 km,correlations with global models drop below 0.9.The second version,CUG_CLMFM3Dv2,addresses these issues by incorporating 5-km-resolution aeromagnetic data and rigorously processed satellite data from CHAMP,Swarm,CSES-1(China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite 1),and MSS-1(Macao Science Satellite 1).The comparison analysis shows that the CUG_CLMFM3Dv2 captures finer high-frequency details and more stable long-wavelength signals,offering improved magnetic anomaly maps for further geological and geophysical studies.展开更多
A controversial taxon,Hipparion plocodus,is reviewed in the present study.Hi.plocodus has been confirmed to be a valid species with definite diagnostic characteristics,represented by cranial specimens from Baode,Shanx...A controversial taxon,Hipparion plocodus,is reviewed in the present study.Hi.plocodus has been confirmed to be a valid species with definite diagnostic characteristics,represented by cranial specimens from Baode,Shanxi Province.The phylogenetic analysis performed in the present study,with a new matrix,shows that Hi.plocodus forms a monophyletic group with a European species,Hippotherium malpassii.Actually,no close relationship between so-called Hm.malpassii and the genus Hippotherium has been identified,and the record of stratigraphic range of this genus in late stage of Late Miocene is currently absent.Herein previously Hi.plocodus and Hm.malpassii have both attributed into“Hipparion”before the discovery of better material.Evolutionary stages and correlative absolute age showed that these two species should derive independently from some primitive clade.During the late stage of the Late Miocene,the development of the Asian summer monsoon enhanced the humidity of China,with forest and wood habitats expanding considerably under this setting.As the result,one Eurasian closed-habitat lineage thus extended its range into China,which had become very suited for it,give rise to“Hi.”plocodus.展开更多
We now differentiate between the requirements for new and revised submissions.You may choose to submit your manuscript as a single Word or PDF file to be used in the refereeing process.Only when your paper is at the r...We now differentiate between the requirements for new and revised submissions.You may choose to submit your manuscript as a single Word or PDF file to be used in the refereeing process.Only when your paper is at the revision stage,will you be requested to put your paper into a'correct format'for acceptance and provide the items required for the publication of your article.展开更多
We now differentiate between the requirements for new and revised submissions.You may choose to submit your manuscript as a single Word or PDF file to be used in the refereeing process.Only when your paper is at the r...We now differentiate between the requirements for new and revised submissions.You may choose to submit your manuscript as a single Word or PDF file to be used in the refereeing process.Only when your paper is at the revision stage,will you be requested to put your paper into a'correct format'for acceptance and provide the items required for the publication of your article.展开更多
The decreasing of hazard ratio for cancer incidence (HRCVD) in the range of twenty native tissues (lung, liver, brain, hematologic, neuroendocrine renal, pancreas, lymphoid, bladder, colon, lip-oral-head-neck, leukocy...The decreasing of hazard ratio for cancer incidence (HRCVD) in the range of twenty native tissues (lung, liver, brain, hematologic, neuroendocrine renal, pancreas, lymphoid, bladder, colon, lip-oral-head-neck, leukocytic, rectum and anus, thyroid, soft tissue, prostate, skin, ovarian, breast, uterine) as much, as decreasing of the level of cardiovascular pathology (CVD) in the host before malignization, have been described by C.F. Bell et al. in 2023. Earlier, in 2022, the decreasing of 5-year mortality from cancer in similar range of tissues discussed by us as the inverse dependence from the content of stem CD34 markers in tissues before malignization, with example of population in England. In present article we investigate the interrelation between both data more thoroughly, using accessible and more representative populations level of the data. The analysis shows that high level of HRCVD is able to predicts only high cancer death for tissue sites in the beginning of the range, being applied to the referent data of cancer cases and deaths in estimated population of USA 2024. Along with this, an increasing the content of CD34 stem marker in the native tissues of the same range was favorite for increasing of cancer’s cases at the end of the range, diminishing, in parallel, the signs of vasculo-endothelial pathology, i.e. HR CVD. Thus, the cases (incidence) of cancer depend directly rather from content of CD34, which preexisted in native sites, than that from HRCVD. Further analysis shows that CD34 content averaged over twenty cites dominates over that CD2 marker of total T-cells more than 7 times, in oppose to their ratio in the blood. The enhancement of stem CD34 marker in the range of tissues is accompanied by unidirectional rising of its maturing derivatives, vasculo-endothelial CD31 and total T-cells CD2 markers, which contents relate positively to increasing of cancer death in US population 2024. The increase of CD34 decreases cancer mortality (death: cases) in sites, but indirectly, rather due to enhancement of the denominator. The high HRCVD (more than 1.0) in range of 20 tissues, concerns of those of them, which have had highest mitotic activity (by Ki67), but lowest “stemness” (by CD34), “vascularity” (by CD31), cancer’s incidence (cases) and the worse results of therapy. Oppositely, the normal tissue with lowest HRCVD (below 1.0) and Ki67, but highest CD34, CD31, and cancer incidence (cases) are more sensitive to treatment. Thus, the residential hematopoietic “stemness” in native tissues acts as natural protectors for cardio-vascular system and promoter for cancer incidence in them. The steady and irreversible exhaustion of current regenerative resource (CRR) of BM, which assumed by us as a product of CD34 number and average telomeres length, manifests itself in acceleration of non-malignant CVD and deceleration of malignancy in population +70 (in term the death per 105), according to data extracted from WHO Mortality Database. The similar deficit of CD34 arises artificially during cytotoxic treatment of cancer, when rapid waste of local CRR forces malignant cells to search more “stemness” cites. The competition between malignant and native tissues of the host for scanty CRR seems to be the most important factor for evaluation and prediction of prevalence, curability, and long-term results in oncology.展开更多
To address the standardization demands of the railway industry under the new circumstances,the National Railway Administration revised current regulations, and issued the Measures for Management of Railway Technical S...To address the standardization demands of the railway industry under the new circumstances,the National Railway Administration revised current regulations, and issued the Measures for Management of Railway Technical Standards to implement relevant deployments and mechanism cons truc tion, based on the current situation of railway standards system and standards management.展开更多
During the process of organizing our original data,we unfortunately identified two error in the figures within our published article.In Fig.1,the online version incorrectly labels the SNI+NAC group as the sham+NAC gro...During the process of organizing our original data,we unfortunately identified two error in the figures within our published article.In Fig.1,the online version incorrectly labels the SNI+NAC group as the sham+NAC group.We have revised the grouping annotations in Fig.1 and have labeled the DHE staining in the figure to present the experimental design more clearly.展开更多
The original online version of this article was revised:In this article the caption to Fig 14 was inadvertently swapped.The space should be added after")"and the letter"f)"at the end should be dele...The original online version of this article was revised:In this article the caption to Fig 14 was inadvertently swapped.The space should be added after")"and the letter"f)"at the end should be deleted.In this article the wrong figure appeared as Fig.15;the figure should have appeared as shown below.展开更多
BACKGROUND Two-stage revision is the most common treatment for chronic periprosthetic joint infection of the hip,involving a resection arthroplasty with or without placement of an antibiotic-loaded spacer,followed by ...BACKGROUND Two-stage revision is the most common treatment for chronic periprosthetic joint infection of the hip,involving a resection arthroplasty with or without placement of an antibiotic-loaded spacer,followed by antibiotic therapy before reimplantation.AIM To compare the outcomes and complications of two consecutive treatment protocols for two-stage revision arthroplasty of the infected hip:One using Girdlestone with an antibiotic holiday,the other using custom-made articulating spacers(CUMARS)without an antibiotic holiday.METHODS In this retrospective study,two consecutive cohorts were compared.Group A(2017-2020)underwent two-stage revision with a Girdlestone and an antibiotic holiday before reimplantation,while Group B(2020-2023)received CUMARS whenever possible,and no antibiotic holiday,or a Girdlestone if indicated.The primary outcome was successful infection eradication after one year.Secondary outcomes included surgical duration,length of hospital stay,weight-bearing allowance,discharge destination,and complications.RESULTS A total of 98 patients were included:39 patients in Group A and 59 patients in Group B.Successful infection eradication after one year was achieved in 69%of Group A and 83%of Group B(P=0.164).Patients in Group B were more frequently allowed to bear weight(64%vs 18%,P<0.001),had a shorter in-hospital stay(9 vs 16 days,P<0.001),and were more often discharged home after the first surgery(48%vs 24%,P=0.048).No significant differences were found in(mechanical)complications.CONCLUSION A protocol including CUMARS is a safe and effective treatment,offering faster recovery,shorter length of hospital stay,and enabling more patients to return home during the interval.This reduces strain on patients and the healthcare system,potentially saving costs,without compromising infection control or increasing(mechanical)complications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Patellar resurfacing in knee arthroplasty remains a contentious issue,with various strategies including routine,selective,and non-resurfacing approaches.This review and meta-analysis aim to assess the incid...BACKGROUND Patellar resurfacing in knee arthroplasty remains a contentious issue,with various strategies including routine,selective,and non-resurfacing approaches.This review and meta-analysis aim to assess the incidence of patellar resurfacing,revision rates,patient satisfaction,and relevant knee scores associated with each method.AIM To determine the comparative effectiveness of routine,selective,and nonresurfacing strategies in patellar resurfacing within knee arthroplasty by evaluating incidence rates,revision rates,patient satisfaction,and knee function scores.METHODS A systematic review spanning from 1990 to 2024 was conducted using PubMed,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases.Studies reporting on the incidence of patellar resurfacing,revision rates,patient satisfaction,and relevant knee scores were included.Data from esteemed world registries such as the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry,the National Joint Registry for England,Wales,Northern Ireland,and the Isle of Man and Danish Knee Arthroplasty Registry among others,were meticulously examined.Metaanalysis was employed to derive pooled estimates and 95%confidence intervals.RESULTS Analysis of data sourced from diverse world registries and literature sources unveiled significant disparities in the incidence of patellar resurfacing across different geographic regions and healthcare institutions.For instance,the incidence of routine patellar resurfacing ranged from 60%to 90%in some regions,while in others,it was as low as 30%to 50%.The meta-analysis indicated that routine resurfacing was associated with a lower revision rate of 3.5%(95%CI:2.8%-4.2%)compared to non-resurfacing approaches,which exhibited a higher revision rate of 6.8%(95%CI:5.5%-8.1%).Patient satisfaction outcomes showed variability,with routine resurfacing demonstrating higher mean satisfaction scores in functionality,pain relief,and stability categories.CONCLUSION The findings underscore the complexity of patellar resurfacing in knee arthroplasty and highlight the need for continued research to refine clinical practice.Future studies should prioritize prospective randomized controlled trials comparing different patellar resurfacing techniques using standardized outcome measures.Longitudinal studies with extended follow-up periods are necessary to evaluate the long-term outcomes and durability of various patellar resurfacing strategies.Collaborative efforts among multidisciplinary teams will be essential to conduct high-quality research that can provide actionable insights and improve patient outcomes.展开更多
The original online version of this article was revised:In this article,Jianhua Fan and Junqiu Zhang are both corresponding authors.In this article Junqiu Zhang should have been denoted as a corresponding author,as we...The original online version of this article was revised:In this article,Jianhua Fan and Junqiu Zhang are both corresponding authors.In this article Junqiu Zhang should have been denoted as a corresponding author,as well.The original article has been corrected.展开更多
Uzbekistan Institute of Standards(UIS),founded in 1969,is the national standardization body of Uzbekistan.There are over 32,000 national standards in Uzbekistan.Last year,UIS revised the working regulations of all tec...Uzbekistan Institute of Standards(UIS),founded in 1969,is the national standardization body of Uzbekistan.There are over 32,000 national standards in Uzbekistan.Last year,UIS revised the working regulations of all technical committees,which were established in accordance with the organizational structure of ISO.At present,UIS has standardization training courses covering 54 directions,and more than 1,700 experts have received relevant training.UIS ranks the 95th in terms of the Quality Infrastructure for Sustainable Development(QI4SD)and 80th in terms of the Global Quality Infrastructure Index(GQII).It is a member of ISO and an associate member of IEC.In the UIS,40 experts have participated in the activities of various ISO technical committees,and 251 experts have participated in the discussion of IEC projects as observer members.展开更多
BACKGROUND Periprosthetic fractures of the tibia are uncommon complications after total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Therefore,there is still clinical debate regarding the appropriate treatment method.This study presents th...BACKGROUND Periprosthetic fractures of the tibia are uncommon complications after total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Therefore,there is still clinical debate regarding the appropriate treatment method.This study presents the case of a patient with two successive periprosthetic fractures of the tibial shaft treated with revision TKA(rTKA)and intramedullary fixation.CASE SUMMARY A 65-year-old woman was treated for tibial shaft pseudarthrosis after a periprosthetic fracture.The patient underwent rTKA with a tibial component exchange to a long-stemmed implant.At her 1.5-year follow-up visit,partial asymptomatic bone union was noted with no prosthesis loosening.The patient achieved 0°to 120°range of motion and a stable knee,and reported high satisfaction.Improvements were observed in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)from 74 to 17,and in the knee society scores(KSS)from 56 to 91(clinical)and 10 to 80(functional).After 2.5 years,the patient sustained a second fracture below the original site due to low-energy trauma.The rTKA with intramedullary stabilization was performed.One year later,WOMAC and clinical and functional KSS were 15,81,and 80,respectively.Despite tibial shortening and lower limb inequality,the patient remains very satisfied and does not experience any issues with daily activities nor weight-bearing.CONCLUSION There is little consensus in the literature on the management of tibial shaft periprosthetic fractures.Intramedullary stabilization may yield excellent outcomes,but individual case discussion is necessary for rTKA indications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Total knee arthroplasty(TKA)is a widely used treatment for advanced knee osteoarthritis;however,the incidence of failures requiring revision surgery is increasing.Identifying the causes of TKA failure and a...BACKGROUND Total knee arthroplasty(TKA)is a widely used treatment for advanced knee osteoarthritis;however,the incidence of failures requiring revision surgery is increasing.Identifying the causes of TKA failure and assessing the outcomes of revision procedures are essential for improving patient care.We hypothesized that infection and aseptic loosening are the primary causes of TKA failure and that revision TKA(rTKA)significantly enhances functional outcomes.AIM To examine the primary causes of TKA failure and evaluate the functional outcomes following rTKA.METHODS This descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery,Civil Hospital,Bahawalpur,from April to September 2024.A total of 118 patients undergoing rTKA for failed primary TKA were included.Data on demographics,causes of failure,and surgical details were collected.Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Knee Society Score and Visual Analog Scale before and six months after surgery.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0,with statistical significance set at P<0.05.RESULTS The leading causes of TKA failure were infection(45.8%),aseptic loosening(44.1%),and periprosthetic fractures(10.2%).The rTKA significantly improved knee function,with the mean Knee Society Score increasing from 39.43±6.18 to 78.91±6.17(P<0.001).Pain levels decreased substantially,with the mean Visual Analog Scale scores reducing from 7.99±1.37 to 1.42±1.17(P<0.001).No significant differences in outcomes were observed between single-stage and two-stage revision procedures.CONCLUSION Infection and aseptic loosening are the predominant causes of TKA failure.The rTKA effectively enhances knee function and alleviates pain,offering significant benefits to patients.展开更多
文摘Tricyclic compound 6 was synthesized form compound 1 through sis steps, thus preblem of the stereochemistry of C2α-H being solved. The stereochemistry for introducing hydroxy groups at C3β and C4α positions in compound 1 was also described.
文摘The structure factors of any crystal structure can be simulated from its atomic coordinates (and temperature factors) in a SHELXL-97 run on a dummy hkl in which only the scale factor is refined. The squares of the structure factors are retrieved from the fcf, and such simulated data are used in the revision of the space groups of several incorrectly-refined crystal structures. Two cases, a P1 to P1 revision and a chemically-incorrect structure that is refined in a correct space group, are discussed.
文摘Leg-length discrepancy(LLD)in individuals experiencing total hip arthroplasty(THA)is related to a substantially higher fall risk,length of post-operative hospital in-patient stay,elevated implant-related adverse events,and earlier revision.Therefore,it is essential to try to avoid LLD when implanting a THA.Several studies focus on this issue,including the following:Accelerometer-based portable navigation system,preoperative digital templating,robot-assisted surgery,the anatomical marker positioning method(shoulder-to-shoulder)and the artificial intelligence-based three-dimensional planning software system.The aforementioned methods should be familiar to surgeons who perform THA procedures,as a fundamental objective of this surgical intervention is to avoid LLD.
文摘The master plan for the city ofJiaojiang,worked out in 1983,has been prov-ed in correspondence with the reality ofJiaojiang through seven year’s practice.Play-ing an important role in guiding Jiaojiang’surban construction,the master plan helpedthe small town originally under the jurisdic-tion of county develop into a modern portcity with preliminary scale within merely sev-eral years.However,due to the changed so-
基金This work was supposed by the National Fundamental Research 973 Program of China(Grand No．2002CB312103)； the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos．60033020，70371052)．
文摘This paper presents a programmable approach to revising knowledge bases consisting of clauses. Some theorems and lemmas are shown in order to give procedures for generating maximally consistent subsets. Then a complete procedure and an incomplete procedure for generating the maximal consistent subsets are presented, and the correctness of the procedures is also shown. Furthermore, a way to implement knowledge base revision is presented, and a prototype system is introduced. Compared with related works, the main characteristic of our approach is that the approach can be implemented by a computer program.
基金Supported by the National Grand Fundamental Research 973 Program of China (Grant No. 2002CB312103)
文摘One of the important topics in knowledge base revision is to introduce an efficient implementation algorithm. Algebraic approaches have good characteristics and implementation method; they may be a choice to solve the problem. An algebraic approach is presented to revise propositional rule-based knowledge bases in this paper. A way is firstly introduced to transform a propositional rule-based knowledge base into a Petri net. A knowledge base is represented by a Petri net, and facts are represented by the initial marking. Thus, the consistency check of a knowledge base is equivalent to the reachability problem of Petri nets. The reachability of Petri nets can be decided by whether the state equation has a solution; hence the consistency check can also be implemented by algebraic approach. Furthermore, algorithms are introduced to revise a propositional rule-based knowledge base, as well as extended logic programming. Compared with related works, the algorithms presented in the paper are efficient, and the time complexities of these algorithms are polynomial.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42250103,42174090,42250101,42250102,and 41774091)the Macao Foundation+1 种基金the Opening Fund of Key Laboratory of Geological Survey and Evaluation of Ministry of Education(Grant No.GLAB2023ZR02)the MOST Special Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources(Grant No.MSFGPMR2022-4)。
文摘The CUG_CLMFM3D series comprises high-resolution three-dimensional lithospheric magnetic field models for China and its surroundings.The first version,CUG_CLMFM3Dv1,is a spherical cap harmonic model integrating the WDMAMv2(World Digital Magnetic Anomaly Map version 2)global magnetic anomaly grid and nearly a decade of CHAMP(Challenging Minisatellite Payload for Geophysical Research and Application)satellite vector data.It achieves a~5.7 km resolution but has limitations:the WDMAMv2 grid lacks high-resolution data in the southern Xinjiang and Tibet regions,which leads to missing small-to medium-scale anomalies,and unfiltered CHAMP data introduce low-frequency conflicts with global spherical harmonic models.Above the altitude of 150 km,correlations with global models drop below 0.9.The second version,CUG_CLMFM3Dv2,addresses these issues by incorporating 5-km-resolution aeromagnetic data and rigorously processed satellite data from CHAMP,Swarm,CSES-1(China Seismo-Electromagnetic Satellite 1),and MSS-1(Macao Science Satellite 1).The comparison analysis shows that the CUG_CLMFM3Dv2 captures finer high-frequency details and more stable long-wavelength signals,offering improved magnetic anomaly maps for further geological and geophysical studies.
文摘A controversial taxon,Hipparion plocodus,is reviewed in the present study.Hi.plocodus has been confirmed to be a valid species with definite diagnostic characteristics,represented by cranial specimens from Baode,Shanxi Province.The phylogenetic analysis performed in the present study,with a new matrix,shows that Hi.plocodus forms a monophyletic group with a European species,Hippotherium malpassii.Actually,no close relationship between so-called Hm.malpassii and the genus Hippotherium has been identified,and the record of stratigraphic range of this genus in late stage of Late Miocene is currently absent.Herein previously Hi.plocodus and Hm.malpassii have both attributed into“Hipparion”before the discovery of better material.Evolutionary stages and correlative absolute age showed that these two species should derive independently from some primitive clade.During the late stage of the Late Miocene,the development of the Asian summer monsoon enhanced the humidity of China,with forest and wood habitats expanding considerably under this setting.As the result,one Eurasian closed-habitat lineage thus extended its range into China,which had become very suited for it,give rise to“Hi.”plocodus.
文摘We now differentiate between the requirements for new and revised submissions.You may choose to submit your manuscript as a single Word or PDF file to be used in the refereeing process.Only when your paper is at the revision stage,will you be requested to put your paper into a'correct format'for acceptance and provide the items required for the publication of your article.
文摘We now differentiate between the requirements for new and revised submissions.You may choose to submit your manuscript as a single Word or PDF file to be used in the refereeing process.Only when your paper is at the revision stage,will you be requested to put your paper into a'correct format'for acceptance and provide the items required for the publication of your article.
文摘The decreasing of hazard ratio for cancer incidence (HRCVD) in the range of twenty native tissues (lung, liver, brain, hematologic, neuroendocrine renal, pancreas, lymphoid, bladder, colon, lip-oral-head-neck, leukocytic, rectum and anus, thyroid, soft tissue, prostate, skin, ovarian, breast, uterine) as much, as decreasing of the level of cardiovascular pathology (CVD) in the host before malignization, have been described by C.F. Bell et al. in 2023. Earlier, in 2022, the decreasing of 5-year mortality from cancer in similar range of tissues discussed by us as the inverse dependence from the content of stem CD34 markers in tissues before malignization, with example of population in England. In present article we investigate the interrelation between both data more thoroughly, using accessible and more representative populations level of the data. The analysis shows that high level of HRCVD is able to predicts only high cancer death for tissue sites in the beginning of the range, being applied to the referent data of cancer cases and deaths in estimated population of USA 2024. Along with this, an increasing the content of CD34 stem marker in the native tissues of the same range was favorite for increasing of cancer’s cases at the end of the range, diminishing, in parallel, the signs of vasculo-endothelial pathology, i.e. HR CVD. Thus, the cases (incidence) of cancer depend directly rather from content of CD34, which preexisted in native sites, than that from HRCVD. Further analysis shows that CD34 content averaged over twenty cites dominates over that CD2 marker of total T-cells more than 7 times, in oppose to their ratio in the blood. The enhancement of stem CD34 marker in the range of tissues is accompanied by unidirectional rising of its maturing derivatives, vasculo-endothelial CD31 and total T-cells CD2 markers, which contents relate positively to increasing of cancer death in US population 2024. The increase of CD34 decreases cancer mortality (death: cases) in sites, but indirectly, rather due to enhancement of the denominator. The high HRCVD (more than 1.0) in range of 20 tissues, concerns of those of them, which have had highest mitotic activity (by Ki67), but lowest “stemness” (by CD34), “vascularity” (by CD31), cancer’s incidence (cases) and the worse results of therapy. Oppositely, the normal tissue with lowest HRCVD (below 1.0) and Ki67, but highest CD34, CD31, and cancer incidence (cases) are more sensitive to treatment. Thus, the residential hematopoietic “stemness” in native tissues acts as natural protectors for cardio-vascular system and promoter for cancer incidence in them. The steady and irreversible exhaustion of current regenerative resource (CRR) of BM, which assumed by us as a product of CD34 number and average telomeres length, manifests itself in acceleration of non-malignant CVD and deceleration of malignancy in population +70 (in term the death per 105), according to data extracted from WHO Mortality Database. The similar deficit of CD34 arises artificially during cytotoxic treatment of cancer, when rapid waste of local CRR forces malignant cells to search more “stemness” cites. The competition between malignant and native tissues of the host for scanty CRR seems to be the most important factor for evaluation and prediction of prevalence, curability, and long-term results in oncology.
文摘To address the standardization demands of the railway industry under the new circumstances,the National Railway Administration revised current regulations, and issued the Measures for Management of Railway Technical Standards to implement relevant deployments and mechanism cons truc tion, based on the current situation of railway standards system and standards management.
文摘During the process of organizing our original data,we unfortunately identified two error in the figures within our published article.In Fig.1,the online version incorrectly labels the SNI+NAC group as the sham+NAC group.We have revised the grouping annotations in Fig.1 and have labeled the DHE staining in the figure to present the experimental design more clearly.
文摘The original online version of this article was revised:In this article the caption to Fig 14 was inadvertently swapped.The space should be added after")"and the letter"f)"at the end should be deleted.In this article the wrong figure appeared as Fig.15;the figure should have appeared as shown below.
文摘BACKGROUND Two-stage revision is the most common treatment for chronic periprosthetic joint infection of the hip,involving a resection arthroplasty with or without placement of an antibiotic-loaded spacer,followed by antibiotic therapy before reimplantation.AIM To compare the outcomes and complications of two consecutive treatment protocols for two-stage revision arthroplasty of the infected hip:One using Girdlestone with an antibiotic holiday,the other using custom-made articulating spacers(CUMARS)without an antibiotic holiday.METHODS In this retrospective study,two consecutive cohorts were compared.Group A(2017-2020)underwent two-stage revision with a Girdlestone and an antibiotic holiday before reimplantation,while Group B(2020-2023)received CUMARS whenever possible,and no antibiotic holiday,or a Girdlestone if indicated.The primary outcome was successful infection eradication after one year.Secondary outcomes included surgical duration,length of hospital stay,weight-bearing allowance,discharge destination,and complications.RESULTS A total of 98 patients were included:39 patients in Group A and 59 patients in Group B.Successful infection eradication after one year was achieved in 69%of Group A and 83%of Group B(P=0.164).Patients in Group B were more frequently allowed to bear weight(64%vs 18%,P<0.001),had a shorter in-hospital stay(9 vs 16 days,P<0.001),and were more often discharged home after the first surgery(48%vs 24%,P=0.048).No significant differences were found in(mechanical)complications.CONCLUSION A protocol including CUMARS is a safe and effective treatment,offering faster recovery,shorter length of hospital stay,and enabling more patients to return home during the interval.This reduces strain on patients and the healthcare system,potentially saving costs,without compromising infection control or increasing(mechanical)complications.
文摘BACKGROUND Patellar resurfacing in knee arthroplasty remains a contentious issue,with various strategies including routine,selective,and non-resurfacing approaches.This review and meta-analysis aim to assess the incidence of patellar resurfacing,revision rates,patient satisfaction,and relevant knee scores associated with each method.AIM To determine the comparative effectiveness of routine,selective,and nonresurfacing strategies in patellar resurfacing within knee arthroplasty by evaluating incidence rates,revision rates,patient satisfaction,and knee function scores.METHODS A systematic review spanning from 1990 to 2024 was conducted using PubMed,Embase,and Cochrane Library databases.Studies reporting on the incidence of patellar resurfacing,revision rates,patient satisfaction,and relevant knee scores were included.Data from esteemed world registries such as the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry,the National Joint Registry for England,Wales,Northern Ireland,and the Isle of Man and Danish Knee Arthroplasty Registry among others,were meticulously examined.Metaanalysis was employed to derive pooled estimates and 95%confidence intervals.RESULTS Analysis of data sourced from diverse world registries and literature sources unveiled significant disparities in the incidence of patellar resurfacing across different geographic regions and healthcare institutions.For instance,the incidence of routine patellar resurfacing ranged from 60%to 90%in some regions,while in others,it was as low as 30%to 50%.The meta-analysis indicated that routine resurfacing was associated with a lower revision rate of 3.5%(95%CI:2.8%-4.2%)compared to non-resurfacing approaches,which exhibited a higher revision rate of 6.8%(95%CI:5.5%-8.1%).Patient satisfaction outcomes showed variability,with routine resurfacing demonstrating higher mean satisfaction scores in functionality,pain relief,and stability categories.CONCLUSION The findings underscore the complexity of patellar resurfacing in knee arthroplasty and highlight the need for continued research to refine clinical practice.Future studies should prioritize prospective randomized controlled trials comparing different patellar resurfacing techniques using standardized outcome measures.Longitudinal studies with extended follow-up periods are necessary to evaluate the long-term outcomes and durability of various patellar resurfacing strategies.Collaborative efforts among multidisciplinary teams will be essential to conduct high-quality research that can provide actionable insights and improve patient outcomes.
文摘The original online version of this article was revised:In this article,Jianhua Fan and Junqiu Zhang are both corresponding authors.In this article Junqiu Zhang should have been denoted as a corresponding author,as well.The original article has been corrected.
文摘Uzbekistan Institute of Standards(UIS),founded in 1969,is the national standardization body of Uzbekistan.There are over 32,000 national standards in Uzbekistan.Last year,UIS revised the working regulations of all technical committees,which were established in accordance with the organizational structure of ISO.At present,UIS has standardization training courses covering 54 directions,and more than 1,700 experts have received relevant training.UIS ranks the 95th in terms of the Quality Infrastructure for Sustainable Development(QI4SD)and 80th in terms of the Global Quality Infrastructure Index(GQII).It is a member of ISO and an associate member of IEC.In the UIS,40 experts have participated in the activities of various ISO technical committees,and 251 experts have participated in the discussion of IEC projects as observer members.
文摘BACKGROUND Periprosthetic fractures of the tibia are uncommon complications after total knee arthroplasty(TKA).Therefore,there is still clinical debate regarding the appropriate treatment method.This study presents the case of a patient with two successive periprosthetic fractures of the tibial shaft treated with revision TKA(rTKA)and intramedullary fixation.CASE SUMMARY A 65-year-old woman was treated for tibial shaft pseudarthrosis after a periprosthetic fracture.The patient underwent rTKA with a tibial component exchange to a long-stemmed implant.At her 1.5-year follow-up visit,partial asymptomatic bone union was noted with no prosthesis loosening.The patient achieved 0°to 120°range of motion and a stable knee,and reported high satisfaction.Improvements were observed in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)from 74 to 17,and in the knee society scores(KSS)from 56 to 91(clinical)and 10 to 80(functional).After 2.5 years,the patient sustained a second fracture below the original site due to low-energy trauma.The rTKA with intramedullary stabilization was performed.One year later,WOMAC and clinical and functional KSS were 15,81,and 80,respectively.Despite tibial shortening and lower limb inequality,the patient remains very satisfied and does not experience any issues with daily activities nor weight-bearing.CONCLUSION There is little consensus in the literature on the management of tibial shaft periprosthetic fractures.Intramedullary stabilization may yield excellent outcomes,but individual case discussion is necessary for rTKA indications.
文摘BACKGROUND Total knee arthroplasty(TKA)is a widely used treatment for advanced knee osteoarthritis;however,the incidence of failures requiring revision surgery is increasing.Identifying the causes of TKA failure and assessing the outcomes of revision procedures are essential for improving patient care.We hypothesized that infection and aseptic loosening are the primary causes of TKA failure and that revision TKA(rTKA)significantly enhances functional outcomes.AIM To examine the primary causes of TKA failure and evaluate the functional outcomes following rTKA.METHODS This descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery,Civil Hospital,Bahawalpur,from April to September 2024.A total of 118 patients undergoing rTKA for failed primary TKA were included.Data on demographics,causes of failure,and surgical details were collected.Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Knee Society Score and Visual Analog Scale before and six months after surgery.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0,with statistical significance set at P<0.05.RESULTS The leading causes of TKA failure were infection(45.8%),aseptic loosening(44.1%),and periprosthetic fractures(10.2%).The rTKA significantly improved knee function,with the mean Knee Society Score increasing from 39.43±6.18 to 78.91±6.17(P<0.001).Pain levels decreased substantially,with the mean Visual Analog Scale scores reducing from 7.99±1.37 to 1.42±1.17(P<0.001).No significant differences in outcomes were observed between single-stage and two-stage revision procedures.CONCLUSION Infection and aseptic loosening are the predominant causes of TKA failure.The rTKA effectively enhances knee function and alleviates pain,offering significant benefits to patients.
