Due to their high mechanical compliance and excellent biocompatibility,conductive hydrogels exhibit significant potential for applications in flexible electronics.However,as the demand for high sensitivity,superior me...Due to their high mechanical compliance and excellent biocompatibility,conductive hydrogels exhibit significant potential for applications in flexible electronics.However,as the demand for high sensitivity,superior mechanical properties,and strong adhesion performance continues to grow,many conventional fabrication methods remain complex and costly.Herein,we propose a simple and efficient strategy to construct an entangled network hydrogel through a liquid-metal-induced cross-linking reaction,hydrogel demonstrates outstanding properties,including exceptional stretchability(1643%),high tensile strength(366.54 kPa),toughness(350.2 kJ m^(−3)),and relatively low mechanical hysteresis.The hydrogel exhibits long-term stable reusable adhesion(104 kPa),enabling conformal and stable adhesion to human skin.This capability allows it to effectively capture high-quality epidermal electrophysiological signals with high signal-to-noise ratio(25.2 dB)and low impedance(310 ohms).Furthermore,by integrating advanced machine learning algorithms,achieving an attention classification accuracy of 91.38%,which will significantly impact fields like education,healthcare,and artificial intelligence.展开更多
BACKGROUND Single-use duodenoscopes(SDs)were introduced to eliminate exogenous infection risks post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).AIM To evaluate their efficacy and safety against reusable duode...BACKGROUND Single-use duodenoscopes(SDs)were introduced to eliminate exogenous infection risks post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).AIM To evaluate their efficacy and safety against reusable duodenoscopes(RDs).METHODS This was a single-center case control study.All consecutive patients undergoing ERCP using SD between 2020 and 2023 were enrolled.A similar number of patients undergoing ERCP using RD were randomly selected and enrolled.In case of ERCP failure using SD,operators switched to a RD if judged appropriate.The primary outcome was successful ERCP completion rates.The secondary outcomes were rate of difficult biliary cannulation,incidence of crossover from SD to RD,procedure related adverse events,30-day re-admission rate,and endoscopists'assessment of SD's performance.RESULTS A total of 133 patients were enrolled(n=53 for SD,n=80 for RD).Baseline characteristics and American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ERCP complexity grades were comparable between both groups.Successful ERCP completion rates were 88.7%for SD and 95%for RD(P=0.3).In cases of unsuccessful ERCP with SD,crossover to RD occurred in 3 out of 6 instances,with 2 subsequently succeeding with RD.Rates of adverse events and 30-day readmission were comparable:(1)13.2%vs 11.2%(P=0.19);and(2)15.4%vs 8.9%(P=0.25),respectively.Median overall endoscopists’satisfaction with SD was 8 out of 10.CONCLUSION The novel SDs demonstrated no difference in efficacy and safety compared to conventional RDs when used to perform a wide range of ERCPs.Nevertheless,further development and study of SDs’financial and environmental effectiveness is warranted.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of quality nursing in the management of reusable instruments in the Central Sterile Supply Department(CSSD).Methods:Eleven nurses from the CSSD department were selected from Jan...Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of quality nursing in the management of reusable instruments in the Central Sterile Supply Department(CSSD).Methods:Eleven nurses from the CSSD department were selected from January to October 2024,and quality nursing activities were implemented in the management of reusable instruments.The completion of quality indicators was analyzed.The instrument quality management scores,department satisfaction,and nurses’professional ability scores before and after nursing management were compared.Results:After nursing intervention,the qualified rates of initial cleaning and final cleaning of sterilization instruments were 99.66%and 100%,respectively.The qualified rate of packaging was 99.97%,the wet package rate was 0.1‰,the loading qualified rate was 99.88%,and the qualified rate of distribution was 99.99%.After nursing intervention,the nurses’instrument quality management scores,department satisfaction,and nurses’professional ability scores were all higher than those before nursing intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion:Quality nursing activities can improve the cleaning,packaging,and sterilization qualified rates of reusable instruments in the CSSD,enhance the effect of instrument quality management,obtain higher department satisfaction from nurses,cultivate their professional abilities,and possess significant nursing management advantages.展开更多
Excessive Fe^(3+) ion concentrations in wastewater pose a long-standing threat to human health.Achieving low-cost,high-efficiency quantification of Fe^(3+) ion concentration in unknown solutions can guide environmenta...Excessive Fe^(3+) ion concentrations in wastewater pose a long-standing threat to human health.Achieving low-cost,high-efficiency quantification of Fe^(3+) ion concentration in unknown solutions can guide environmental management decisions and optimize water treatment processes.In this study,by leveraging the rapid,real-time detection capabilities of nanopores and the specific chemical binding affinity of tannic acid to Fe^(3+),a linear relationship between the ion current and Fe^(3+) ion concentration was established.Utilizing this linear relationship,quantification of Fe^(3+) ion concentration in unknown solutions was achieved.Furthermore,ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt was employed to displace Fe^(3+) from the nanopores,allowing them to be restored to their initial conditions and reused for Fe^(3+) ion quantification.The reusable bioinspired nanopores remain functional over 330 days of storage.This recycling capability and the long-term stability of the nanopores contribute to a significant reduction in costs.This study provides a strategy for the quantification of unknown Fe^(3+) concentration using nanopores,with potential applications in environmental assessment,health monitoring,and so forth.展开更多
Adhesives play an important role in modern society's production and daily life.Developing robust and sustainable adhesives remains a great challenge.Here we report a sustainable epoxy-vitrimer adhesive with high a...Adhesives play an important role in modern society's production and daily life.Developing robust and sustainable adhesives remains a great challenge.Here we report a sustainable epoxy-vitrimer adhesive with high adhesive strength(about 10 MPa)and reusability(82%strength after 3 times).This adhesive can be fabricated from commercially available products through a straightforward hot-pressing method without the need of solvents.The adhesive process is also simple,requiring only 30 min at 180℃.In addition,the vitrimer adhesive has the advantages of both erasability for reuse and excellent water resistance.This work provides a facile strategy to fabricate high-strength adhesive that ensures reusability,recyclability,low cost of raw materials,and simple processing technology.Simultaneously,it expands the range of potential applications for epoxy vitrimers.展开更多
Moderate ultraviolet(UV)radiation from sunlight is essential for human health,but overexposure to UV rays can cause serious adverse effects.It is important to detect UV radiation from sunlight in time to prevent damag...Moderate ultraviolet(UV)radiation from sunlight is essential for human health,but overexposure to UV rays can cause serious adverse effects.It is important to detect UV radiation from sunlight in time to prevent damage from excessive exposure.Here,a ready-to-use,easy-to-interpret,inexpensive,reusable,and wearable all-in-one UV monitoring and shielding sensor SP-TPE@PU textile has been developed.The SP-TPE@PU textiles are constructed by photochromic molecule SP-TPE and commercial polymer polyurethane(PU)through electrospinning.The SP-TPE molecule acts as the sensor component,and PU contributes to high flexibility.The SP-TPE@PU textiles show remarkable durability(against repeated twisting,curling,bending deformations,and water immersion)and good permeability,making them durable and breathable wearable materials.When exposed to sunlight,the SP-TPE@PU textiles rapidly exhibit significant color changes due to the efficient isomerization of SP-TPE,serving as an early warning and monitoring of UV radiation.In addition,the SP-TPE@PU textiles can revert to the initial state with visible light irradiation for reuse.Furthermore,the SP-TPE@PU textiles possess excellent UV shielding ability,contributing to human body protection.Simple and easy operation,significant and reversible color changes,good breathability and mechanical properties make SP-TPE@PU textiles reusable and wearable all-in-one UV monitoring and shielding sensors.展开更多
Removing hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)via the selective oxidation has been considered an effective way to further purify the indusial sulfurcontaining due to it can completely transform residual H_(2)S into elemental sulfu...Removing hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)via the selective oxidation has been considered an effective way to further purify the indusial sulfurcontaining due to it can completely transform residual H_(2)S into elemental sulfur.While N-doped porous carbon was applied to H_(2)S selective oxidation,a sustainable methodology for the synthesis of efficient and stable N-doped carbon catalysts remains a difficulty,limiting its future development in large-scale applications.Herein,we present porous,honeycomb-like N-doped carbon catalysts with large specific surface areas,high pyridinic N content,and numerous structural defects for H_(2)S selective oxidation prepared using reusable NaCl as the template.The asprepared NC-10-800 catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performance(sulfur formation rate of 784 g_(sulfur) kg_(cat.)^(-1) h^(-1)),outstanding stability(>100 h),and excellent anti-water vapor,anti-CO_(2) and anti-oxidation properties,suggesting significant potential for practical industrial application.The characterization results and kinetic study demonstrate that the large surface areas and structural defects created by the molten salt at high temperature enhance the exposure of pyridinic N sites and thus accelerate the catalytic activity.Importantly,the water-soluble NaCl template could be easily washed from the carbon nanomaterials,and thus the downstream salt-containing wastewater could be subsequently reused for the dissolution of carbon precursors.This environment-friendly,low-cost,reusable salt-template strategy has significant implications for the development of N-doped carbon catalysts for practical applications.展开更多
Introduction: The effective sterilization of reusable instruments in dental care is a crucial issue for public health. The aim of this study was to contribute to improving the processing conditions of reusable care in...Introduction: The effective sterilization of reusable instruments in dental care is a crucial issue for public health. The aim of this study was to contribute to improving the processing conditions of reusable care instruments in dental practices in the city of Conakry. Methods: We carried out an observational and cross-sectional study of a descriptive type lasting three months from January to April 2022 in public and private dental practices approved for activities. Results: A total of 48 dental practices were surveyed, including 7 public and 41 private. 91.67% had the trays for instrument sterilization. 77.08% had a sterilization device. The instruments were: cleaned 100%, disinfected 70.83%, sterilized 20.83% and 20.83% reused the instruments without being sterilized. 72.97% sterilized the instruments at the end of the day. 50% of respondents declared that there were six stages of sterilization. According to standard standards, one dental office or 2.70% respected the normal sterilization process and 13.51% respected the duration and temperature. The storage quality was inadequate at 95.83%. 95.83% of dental practices are at high risk of contamination. The difficulties encountered by staff in daily activity during our study were lack of hygienists (87.50%), insufficient material resources (58.33%), and lack of protocol procedure (45.83%). Conclusion: This study allowed us to note shortcomings of dental surgeons in the process of processing reusable care materials.展开更多
There is a consensus in the aerospace field that the development of reusable liquid rockets can effectively reduce the launch expense.The pursuit of a long service life and reutilization highly depends on the bearing ...There is a consensus in the aerospace field that the development of reusable liquid rockets can effectively reduce the launch expense.The pursuit of a long service life and reutilization highly depends on the bearing components.However,the rolling element bearings(REBs)used in the existing rocket turbopumps present obvious and increasing limitations due to their mechanical contacting mode.For REBs,high rotational speed and long service life are two performance indexes that mutually restrict each other.To go beyond the DN value(the product of the bearing bore and rotational speed)limit of REBs,the major space powers have conducted substantial explorations on the use of new types of bearings to replace the REB.This review discusses,first,the crucial role of bearings in rocket turbopumps and the related structural improvements of REBs.Then,with the prospect of application to the next generation of reusable liquid rocket turbopumps,the bearing candidates investigated by major space powers are summarized comprehensively.These promising alternatives to REBs include fluid-film,foil,and magnetic bearings,together with the novel superconducting compound bearings recently proposed by our team.Our more than ten years of relevant research on fluid-film and magnetic bearings are also introduced.This review is meaningful for the development of long-life and highly reliable bearings to be used in future reusable rocket turbopumps.展开更多
An efficient, convenient and green method has been introduced for the preparation of 14-aryl（alkyl）-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthene and 1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthene derivatives by the reaction of aldehydes with 2-naphthol an...An efficient, convenient and green method has been introduced for the preparation of 14-aryl（alkyl）-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthene and 1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthene derivatives by the reaction of aldehydes with 2-naphthol and 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione, respectively, in the presence of ZrO（OTf）2 as a reusable catalyst under solvent-free conditions. In addition, very short reaction times, excellent yields, straightforward procedure, and relatively non-toxicity of the catalyst are other noteworthy advantages of the present method.展开更多
The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has caused a surge in demand for face masks,with the massive consumption of masks leading to an increase in resource-related and environmental con-cerns.In this work,we f...The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has caused a surge in demand for face masks,with the massive consumption of masks leading to an increase in resource-related and environmental con-cerns.In this work,we fabricated meltblown polypropylene(mb-PP)-based high-performance planar face masks and investigated the effects of six commonly used disinfection methods and various mask-wearing periods on the reusability of these masks.The results show that,after three cycles of treatment using hot water at 70℃ for 30 min,which is one of the most scalable,user-friendly methods for viral disinfection,the particle filtration efficiency(PFE)of the mask remained almost unchanged.After mask wearing for 24 h and subsequent disinfection using the same treatment procedures,the PFE decreased to 91.3%;the average number of bacterial and fungal colonies was assessed to be 9.2 and 51.6 colony-forming units per gram(CFU∙g^(-1)),respectively;and coliform and pyogenic bacteria were not detected.Both the PFE and the microbial indicators are well above the standard for reusable masks after disinfection.Schlieren pho-tography was then used to assess the capabilities of used and disinfected masks during use;it showed that the masks exhibit a high performance in suppressing the spread of breathed air.展开更多
A simple and efficient catalytic protocol for the synthesis of 14-aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes via the one-pot condensation ofβ-naphthol and aryl aldehydes using silicotungstic acid（H_4[SiW_（12）O_（40）]） is re...A simple and efficient catalytic protocol for the synthesis of 14-aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes via the one-pot condensation ofβ-naphthol and aryl aldehydes using silicotungstic acid（H_4[SiW_（12）O_（40）]） is reported.The present method offers several advantages such as high to excellent yields,short reaction times,recovery and reusability of catalyst,mild reaction conditions and easy workup procedures.展开更多
For the landing legs with single air chamber in the buffer structure of the reusable landing vehicle,the geometric topological models and the dynamic model associated with the hard points of the landing legs are estab...For the landing legs with single air chamber in the buffer structure of the reusable landing vehicle,the geometric topological models and the dynamic model associated with the hard points of the landing legs are established.The geometric constraint relationship in the design of the landing legs is also obtained.The whole vehicle dropping test is conducted,and the test results agree well with that of the simulation model,which validates the dynamic model.Based on the verified model,the effect of hard point positions on the performance of the landing system is analyzed.The multidisciplinary collaborative optimization algorithm and archive-based micro genetic algorithm(CO-AMGA)are used to optimize the design parameters that contain the hard points and the damper.Compared with artificial iteration,the maximum landing impact acceleration response of the vehicle and the buffer struct maximum force are reduced by 30.70%and 14.51%respectively,and the maximum length of retractable pillar decreases by 8.54%while the design margin increases by 69.11%.The proposed optimization method is efficient and can greatly facilitate the design of landing legs.展开更多
As an innovative software application mode,Software as a service(SaaS) shows many attractive advantages.Migrating legacy system to SaaS can make outdated systems revived.In the process of migration,the existing valuab...As an innovative software application mode,Software as a service(SaaS) shows many attractive advantages.Migrating legacy system to SaaS can make outdated systems revived.In the process of migration,the existing valuable components need to be discovered and reused in order that the target system could be developed/integrated more efficiently.An innovative approach is proposed in this paper to extract the reusable components from legacy systems.Firstly,implementation models of legacy system are recovered through reverse engineering.Secondly,function models are derived by vertical clustering,and then logical components are discovered by horizontal clustering based on the function models.Finally,the reusable components with specific feature descriptions are extracted.Through experimental verification,the approach is considered to be efficient in reusable component discovery and to be helpful to migrating legacy system to SaaS.展开更多
A highly efficient one-pot synthesis of 1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthenes under solvent-free conditions catalyzed by sulfonic acid covalently anchored onto the surface of silica gel is reported. All types of aldehydes, incl...A highly efficient one-pot synthesis of 1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthenes under solvent-free conditions catalyzed by sulfonic acid covalently anchored onto the surface of silica gel is reported. All types of aldehydes, including aromatic, unsaturated, and heterocyclic, are used. The silica gel/sulfonic acid catalyst （SiO2-R-SO3H） is completely heterogeneous and can be recycled.展开更多
The reusable launch vehicle (RLV) presents a new avenue for reducing cost of space transportation. The landing mechanism, which provides landing support and impact absorption, is a vital component of the RLV at final ...The reusable launch vehicle (RLV) presents a new avenue for reducing cost of space transportation. The landing mechanism, which provides landing support and impact absorption, is a vital component of the RLV at final stage of recovery. This study proposes a novel legged deployable landing mechanism (LDLM) for RLV. The Watt-II six-bar mechanism is adopted to obtain the preferred configuration via the application of the linkage variation approach. To endow the proposed LDLM with advantages of large landing support region, lightweight, and reasonable linkage internal forces, a multi-objective optimization paradigm is developed. Furthermore, the optimal scale parameters for guiding the LDLM prototype design is obtained numerically using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) evolutionary algorithm. A fully-functional scaled RLV prototype is developed by integrating the gravity-governed deploying scheme to facilitate unfolding action to avoid full-range actuation, a dual-backup locking mechanism to enhance reliability of structure stiffening as fully deployed, and a shock absorber (SA) with multistage honeycomb to offer reliable shock absorbing performance. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed LDLM is capable of providing rapid and smooth deployment (duration less than 1.5 s) with mild posture disturbance to the cabin (yaw and pitch fluctuations less than 6°). In addition, it provides satisfactory impact attenuation (acceleration peak less than 10g (g is the gravitational acceleration)) in the 0.2 m freefall test, which makes the proposed LDLM a potential alternative for developing future RLV archetype.展开更多
Heavy metal(HM)pollution is a serious environment problem.Recovering HM from industrial wastewater by efficient adsorbents is a sustainable method due to recycling HM and acquiring reusable water.However,popular effic...Heavy metal(HM)pollution is a serious environment problem.Recovering HM from industrial wastewater by efficient adsorbents is a sustainable method due to recycling HM and acquiring reusable water.However,popular efficient adsorbents are usually expensive or non-reusable.In this paper,methods of efficient HM recycling and water reuse from industrial wastewater were developed using efficient adsorbents,new polyphenylene sulfide derivatives,which are recyclable and stable in an acidic,alkaline or oxidative aqueous solution.Moreover,they can efficiently and quickly adsorb HM ions.The maximum adsorption capacities of these adsorbents for HM ions are at the range from 51.3-184.2 mg·g^(-1).The adsorption equilibrium times of them for HM ions are at the range from 10 to 80 min.Therefore,this paper suggests sustainable methods of HM recovery and water reuse from industrial wastewater.展开更多
To be close to the practical flight process and increase the precision of optimal trajectory, a six-degree-offreedom（6-DOF） trajectory is optimized for the reusable launch vehicle（RLV） using the Gauss pseudospectr...To be close to the practical flight process and increase the precision of optimal trajectory, a six-degree-offreedom（6-DOF） trajectory is optimized for the reusable launch vehicle（RLV） using the Gauss pseudospectral method（GPM）. Different from the traditional trajectory optimization problem which generally considers the RLV as a point mass, the coupling between translational dynamics and rotational dynamics is taken into account. An optimization problem is formulated to minimize a performance index subject to 6-DOF equations of motion, including translational and rotational dynamics. A two-step optimal strategy is then introduced to reduce the large calculations caused by multiple variables and convergence confinement in 6-DOF trajectory optimization. The simulation results demonstrate that the 6-DOF trajectory optimal strategy for RLV is feasible.展开更多
Reentry attitude control for reusable launch vehicles （RLVs） is challenging due to the characters of fast nonlinear dy- namics and large flight envelop. A hierarchical structured attitude control system for an RLV i...Reentry attitude control for reusable launch vehicles （RLVs） is challenging due to the characters of fast nonlinear dy- namics and large flight envelop. A hierarchical structured attitude control system for an RLV is proposed and an unpowered RLV con- trol model is developed. Then, the hierarchical structured control frame consisting of attitude controller, compound control strategy and control allocation is presented. At the core of the design is a robust adaptive control （RAC） law based on dual loop time-scale separation. A radial basis function neural network （RBFNN） is implemented for compensation of uncertain model dynamics and external disturbances in the inner loop. And then the robust op- timization is applied in the outer loop to guarantee performance robustness. The overall control design frame retains the simplicity in design while simultaneously assuring the adaptive and robust performance. The hierarchical structured robust adaptive con- troller （HSRAC） incorporates flexibility into the design with regard to controller versatility to various reentry mission requirements. Simulation results show that the improved tracking performance is achieved by means of RAC.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(grant no.2022YFC3500503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.62227807,12374171,12004034,62402041)+2 种基金the Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars,Chinathe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(grant nos.2024CX06060)Beijing Youth Talent Lifting Project.
文摘Due to their high mechanical compliance and excellent biocompatibility,conductive hydrogels exhibit significant potential for applications in flexible electronics.However,as the demand for high sensitivity,superior mechanical properties,and strong adhesion performance continues to grow,many conventional fabrication methods remain complex and costly.Herein,we propose a simple and efficient strategy to construct an entangled network hydrogel through a liquid-metal-induced cross-linking reaction,hydrogel demonstrates outstanding properties,including exceptional stretchability(1643%),high tensile strength(366.54 kPa),toughness(350.2 kJ m^(−3)),and relatively low mechanical hysteresis.The hydrogel exhibits long-term stable reusable adhesion(104 kPa),enabling conformal and stable adhesion to human skin.This capability allows it to effectively capture high-quality epidermal electrophysiological signals with high signal-to-noise ratio(25.2 dB)and low impedance(310 ohms).Furthermore,by integrating advanced machine learning algorithms,achieving an attention classification accuracy of 91.38%,which will significantly impact fields like education,healthcare,and artificial intelligence.
文摘BACKGROUND Single-use duodenoscopes(SDs)were introduced to eliminate exogenous infection risks post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).AIM To evaluate their efficacy and safety against reusable duodenoscopes(RDs).METHODS This was a single-center case control study.All consecutive patients undergoing ERCP using SD between 2020 and 2023 were enrolled.A similar number of patients undergoing ERCP using RD were randomly selected and enrolled.In case of ERCP failure using SD,operators switched to a RD if judged appropriate.The primary outcome was successful ERCP completion rates.The secondary outcomes were rate of difficult biliary cannulation,incidence of crossover from SD to RD,procedure related adverse events,30-day re-admission rate,and endoscopists'assessment of SD's performance.RESULTS A total of 133 patients were enrolled(n=53 for SD,n=80 for RD).Baseline characteristics and American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy ERCP complexity grades were comparable between both groups.Successful ERCP completion rates were 88.7%for SD and 95%for RD(P=0.3).In cases of unsuccessful ERCP with SD,crossover to RD occurred in 3 out of 6 instances,with 2 subsequently succeeding with RD.Rates of adverse events and 30-day readmission were comparable:(1)13.2%vs 11.2%(P=0.19);and(2)15.4%vs 8.9%(P=0.25),respectively.Median overall endoscopists’satisfaction with SD was 8 out of 10.CONCLUSION The novel SDs demonstrated no difference in efficacy and safety compared to conventional RDs when used to perform a wide range of ERCPs.Nevertheless,further development and study of SDs’financial and environmental effectiveness is warranted.
文摘Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of quality nursing in the management of reusable instruments in the Central Sterile Supply Department(CSSD).Methods:Eleven nurses from the CSSD department were selected from January to October 2024,and quality nursing activities were implemented in the management of reusable instruments.The completion of quality indicators was analyzed.The instrument quality management scores,department satisfaction,and nurses’professional ability scores before and after nursing management were compared.Results:After nursing intervention,the qualified rates of initial cleaning and final cleaning of sterilization instruments were 99.66%and 100%,respectively.The qualified rate of packaging was 99.97%,the wet package rate was 0.1‰,the loading qualified rate was 99.88%,and the qualified rate of distribution was 99.99%.After nursing intervention,the nurses’instrument quality management scores,department satisfaction,and nurses’professional ability scores were all higher than those before nursing intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion:Quality nursing activities can improve the cleaning,packaging,and sterilization qualified rates of reusable instruments in the CSSD,enhance the effect of instrument quality management,obtain higher department satisfaction from nurses,cultivate their professional abilities,and possess significant nursing management advantages.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52303380,52025132,52273305,22205185,21621091,22021001,and 22121001)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.20720240041)+3 种基金the 111 Project(Nos.B17027 and B16029)the National Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(No.2022J02059)the Science and Technology Projects of Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(No.RD2022070601)the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE。
文摘Excessive Fe^(3+) ion concentrations in wastewater pose a long-standing threat to human health.Achieving low-cost,high-efficiency quantification of Fe^(3+) ion concentration in unknown solutions can guide environmental management decisions and optimize water treatment processes.In this study,by leveraging the rapid,real-time detection capabilities of nanopores and the specific chemical binding affinity of tannic acid to Fe^(3+),a linear relationship between the ion current and Fe^(3+) ion concentration was established.Utilizing this linear relationship,quantification of Fe^(3+) ion concentration in unknown solutions was achieved.Furthermore,ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt was employed to displace Fe^(3+) from the nanopores,allowing them to be restored to their initial conditions and reused for Fe^(3+) ion quantification.The reusable bioinspired nanopores remain functional over 330 days of storage.This recycling capability and the long-term stability of the nanopores contribute to a significant reduction in costs.This study provides a strategy for the quantification of unknown Fe^(3+) concentration using nanopores,with potential applications in environmental assessment,health monitoring,and so forth.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22175106)the Beijing Nova Program(No.20220484126)Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(No.YESS20230470)。
文摘Adhesives play an important role in modern society's production and daily life.Developing robust and sustainable adhesives remains a great challenge.Here we report a sustainable epoxy-vitrimer adhesive with high adhesive strength(about 10 MPa)and reusability(82%strength after 3 times).This adhesive can be fabricated from commercially available products through a straightforward hot-pressing method without the need of solvents.The adhesive process is also simple,requiring only 30 min at 180℃.In addition,the vitrimer adhesive has the advantages of both erasability for reuse and excellent water resistance.This work provides a facile strategy to fabricate high-strength adhesive that ensures reusability,recyclability,low cost of raw materials,and simple processing technology.Simultaneously,it expands the range of potential applications for epoxy vitrimers.
基金This work was financially supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.2242044)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52103049,22005021 and 51373025)+2 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.FRF-TP-22-003A1)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M730311)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(No.NCET-11-0582).
文摘Moderate ultraviolet(UV)radiation from sunlight is essential for human health,but overexposure to UV rays can cause serious adverse effects.It is important to detect UV radiation from sunlight in time to prevent damage from excessive exposure.Here,a ready-to-use,easy-to-interpret,inexpensive,reusable,and wearable all-in-one UV monitoring and shielding sensor SP-TPE@PU textile has been developed.The SP-TPE@PU textiles are constructed by photochromic molecule SP-TPE and commercial polymer polyurethane(PU)through electrospinning.The SP-TPE molecule acts as the sensor component,and PU contributes to high flexibility.The SP-TPE@PU textiles show remarkable durability(against repeated twisting,curling,bending deformations,and water immersion)and good permeability,making them durable and breathable wearable materials.When exposed to sunlight,the SP-TPE@PU textiles rapidly exhibit significant color changes due to the efficient isomerization of SP-TPE,serving as an early warning and monitoring of UV radiation.In addition,the SP-TPE@PU textiles can revert to the initial state with visible light irradiation for reuse.Furthermore,the SP-TPE@PU textiles possess excellent UV shielding ability,contributing to human body protection.Simple and easy operation,significant and reversible color changes,good breathability and mechanical properties make SP-TPE@PU textiles reusable and wearable all-in-one UV monitoring and shielding sensors.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3701900)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21606243)+1 种基金LiaoNing Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC1907053)Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy(DNL202021).
文摘Removing hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)via the selective oxidation has been considered an effective way to further purify the indusial sulfurcontaining due to it can completely transform residual H_(2)S into elemental sulfur.While N-doped porous carbon was applied to H_(2)S selective oxidation,a sustainable methodology for the synthesis of efficient and stable N-doped carbon catalysts remains a difficulty,limiting its future development in large-scale applications.Herein,we present porous,honeycomb-like N-doped carbon catalysts with large specific surface areas,high pyridinic N content,and numerous structural defects for H_(2)S selective oxidation prepared using reusable NaCl as the template.The asprepared NC-10-800 catalyst exhibits excellent catalytic performance(sulfur formation rate of 784 g_(sulfur) kg_(cat.)^(-1) h^(-1)),outstanding stability(>100 h),and excellent anti-water vapor,anti-CO_(2) and anti-oxidation properties,suggesting significant potential for practical industrial application.The characterization results and kinetic study demonstrate that the large surface areas and structural defects created by the molten salt at high temperature enhance the exposure of pyridinic N sites and thus accelerate the catalytic activity.Importantly,the water-soluble NaCl template could be easily washed from the carbon nanomaterials,and thus the downstream salt-containing wastewater could be subsequently reused for the dissolution of carbon precursors.This environment-friendly,low-cost,reusable salt-template strategy has significant implications for the development of N-doped carbon catalysts for practical applications.
文摘Introduction: The effective sterilization of reusable instruments in dental care is a crucial issue for public health. The aim of this study was to contribute to improving the processing conditions of reusable care instruments in dental practices in the city of Conakry. Methods: We carried out an observational and cross-sectional study of a descriptive type lasting three months from January to April 2022 in public and private dental practices approved for activities. Results: A total of 48 dental practices were surveyed, including 7 public and 41 private. 91.67% had the trays for instrument sterilization. 77.08% had a sterilization device. The instruments were: cleaned 100%, disinfected 70.83%, sterilized 20.83% and 20.83% reused the instruments without being sterilized. 72.97% sterilized the instruments at the end of the day. 50% of respondents declared that there were six stages of sterilization. According to standard standards, one dental office or 2.70% respected the normal sterilization process and 13.51% respected the duration and temperature. The storage quality was inadequate at 95.83%. 95.83% of dental practices are at high risk of contamination. The difficulties encountered by staff in daily activity during our study were lack of hygienists (87.50%), insufficient material resources (58.33%), and lack of protocol procedure (45.83%). Conclusion: This study allowed us to note shortcomings of dental surgeons in the process of processing reusable care materials.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51805131)Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China(Grant No.2018M640580)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(CN)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(Grant No.JZ2018HGBZ0155).
文摘There is a consensus in the aerospace field that the development of reusable liquid rockets can effectively reduce the launch expense.The pursuit of a long service life and reutilization highly depends on the bearing components.However,the rolling element bearings(REBs)used in the existing rocket turbopumps present obvious and increasing limitations due to their mechanical contacting mode.For REBs,high rotational speed and long service life are two performance indexes that mutually restrict each other.To go beyond the DN value(the product of the bearing bore and rotational speed)limit of REBs,the major space powers have conducted substantial explorations on the use of new types of bearings to replace the REB.This review discusses,first,the crucial role of bearings in rocket turbopumps and the related structural improvements of REBs.Then,with the prospect of application to the next generation of reusable liquid rocket turbopumps,the bearing candidates investigated by major space powers are summarized comprehensively.These promising alternatives to REBs include fluid-film,foil,and magnetic bearings,together with the novel superconducting compound bearings recently proposed by our team.Our more than ten years of relevant research on fluid-film and magnetic bearings are also introduced.This review is meaningful for the development of long-life and highly reliable bearings to be used in future reusable rocket turbopumps.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61425008,61333004,61273054)Top-Notch Young Talents Program of China,and Aeronautical Foundation of China(2015ZA51013)
基金the Center of Excellence of Chemistry and Research Council of University of Isfahan for financial support of this work
文摘An efficient, convenient and green method has been introduced for the preparation of 14-aryl（alkyl）-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthene and 1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthene derivatives by the reaction of aldehydes with 2-naphthol and 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione, respectively, in the presence of ZrO（OTf）2 as a reusable catalyst under solvent-free conditions. In addition, very short reaction times, excellent yields, straightforward procedure, and relatively non-toxicity of the catalyst are other noteworthy advantages of the present method.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2020YFC0844800)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Beijing (Z201100007520006)
文摘The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has caused a surge in demand for face masks,with the massive consumption of masks leading to an increase in resource-related and environmental con-cerns.In this work,we fabricated meltblown polypropylene(mb-PP)-based high-performance planar face masks and investigated the effects of six commonly used disinfection methods and various mask-wearing periods on the reusability of these masks.The results show that,after three cycles of treatment using hot water at 70℃ for 30 min,which is one of the most scalable,user-friendly methods for viral disinfection,the particle filtration efficiency(PFE)of the mask remained almost unchanged.After mask wearing for 24 h and subsequent disinfection using the same treatment procedures,the PFE decreased to 91.3%;the average number of bacterial and fungal colonies was assessed to be 9.2 and 51.6 colony-forming units per gram(CFU∙g^(-1)),respectively;and coliform and pyogenic bacteria were not detected.Both the PFE and the microbial indicators are well above the standard for reusable masks after disinfection.Schlieren pho-tography was then used to assess the capabilities of used and disinfected masks during use;it showed that the masks exhibit a high performance in suppressing the spread of breathed air.
文摘A simple and efficient catalytic protocol for the synthesis of 14-aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes via the one-pot condensation ofβ-naphthol and aryl aldehydes using silicotungstic acid（H_4[SiW_（12）O_（40）]） is reported.The present method offers several advantages such as high to excellent yields,short reaction times,recovery and reusability of catalyst,mild reaction conditions and easy workup procedures.
基金co-supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.3082019NS2019003)A Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions,China。
文摘For the landing legs with single air chamber in the buffer structure of the reusable landing vehicle,the geometric topological models and the dynamic model associated with the hard points of the landing legs are established.The geometric constraint relationship in the design of the landing legs is also obtained.The whole vehicle dropping test is conducted,and the test results agree well with that of the simulation model,which validates the dynamic model.Based on the verified model,the effect of hard point positions on the performance of the landing system is analyzed.The multidisciplinary collaborative optimization algorithm and archive-based micro genetic algorithm(CO-AMGA)are used to optimize the design parameters that contain the hard points and the damper.Compared with artificial iteration,the maximum landing impact acceleration response of the vehicle and the buffer struct maximum force are reduced by 30.70%and 14.51%respectively,and the maximum length of retractable pillar decreases by 8.54%while the design margin increases by 69.11%.The proposed optimization method is efficient and can greatly facilitate the design of landing legs.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61262082,No.61462066)Key Project of Chinese Ministry of Education(No.212025)+1 种基金Inner Mongolia Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.2012JQ03)Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia(No.2012MS0922)
文摘As an innovative software application mode,Software as a service(SaaS) shows many attractive advantages.Migrating legacy system to SaaS can make outdated systems revived.In the process of migration,the existing valuable components need to be discovered and reused in order that the target system could be developed/integrated more efficiently.An innovative approach is proposed in this paper to extract the reusable components from legacy systems.Firstly,implementation models of legacy system are recovered through reverse engineering.Secondly,function models are derived by vertical clustering,and then logical components are discovered by horizontal clustering based on the function models.Finally,the reusable components with specific feature descriptions are extracted.Through experimental verification,the approach is considered to be efficient in reusable component discovery and to be helpful to migrating legacy system to SaaS.
文摘A highly efficient one-pot synthesis of 1,8-dioxooctahydroxanthenes under solvent-free conditions catalyzed by sulfonic acid covalently anchored onto the surface of silica gel is reported. All types of aldehydes, including aromatic, unsaturated, and heterocyclic, are used. The silica gel/sulfonic acid catalyst （SiO2-R-SO3H） is completely heterogeneous and can be recycled.
文摘The reusable launch vehicle (RLV) presents a new avenue for reducing cost of space transportation. The landing mechanism, which provides landing support and impact absorption, is a vital component of the RLV at final stage of recovery. This study proposes a novel legged deployable landing mechanism (LDLM) for RLV. The Watt-II six-bar mechanism is adopted to obtain the preferred configuration via the application of the linkage variation approach. To endow the proposed LDLM with advantages of large landing support region, lightweight, and reasonable linkage internal forces, a multi-objective optimization paradigm is developed. Furthermore, the optimal scale parameters for guiding the LDLM prototype design is obtained numerically using the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II) evolutionary algorithm. A fully-functional scaled RLV prototype is developed by integrating the gravity-governed deploying scheme to facilitate unfolding action to avoid full-range actuation, a dual-backup locking mechanism to enhance reliability of structure stiffening as fully deployed, and a shock absorber (SA) with multistage honeycomb to offer reliable shock absorbing performance. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed LDLM is capable of providing rapid and smooth deployment (duration less than 1.5 s) with mild posture disturbance to the cabin (yaw and pitch fluctuations less than 6°). In addition, it provides satisfactory impact attenuation (acceleration peak less than 10g (g is the gravitational acceleration)) in the 0.2 m freefall test, which makes the proposed LDLM a potential alternative for developing future RLV archetype.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(21473092)Industry-University-Research Cooperation Project of Jiangsu Province(BY2021600)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX21_0985 and SJCX21_0375)。
文摘Heavy metal(HM)pollution is a serious environment problem.Recovering HM from industrial wastewater by efficient adsorbents is a sustainable method due to recycling HM and acquiring reusable water.However,popular efficient adsorbents are usually expensive or non-reusable.In this paper,methods of efficient HM recycling and water reuse from industrial wastewater were developed using efficient adsorbents,new polyphenylene sulfide derivatives,which are recyclable and stable in an acidic,alkaline or oxidative aqueous solution.Moreover,they can efficiently and quickly adsorb HM ions.The maximum adsorption capacities of these adsorbents for HM ions are at the range from 51.3-184.2 mg·g^(-1).The adsorption equilibrium times of them for HM ions are at the range from 10 to 80 min.Therefore,this paper suggests sustainable methods of HM recovery and water reuse from industrial wastewater.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)(2012CB720003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(10772011)
文摘To be close to the practical flight process and increase the precision of optimal trajectory, a six-degree-offreedom（6-DOF） trajectory is optimized for the reusable launch vehicle（RLV） using the Gauss pseudospectral method（GPM）. Different from the traditional trajectory optimization problem which generally considers the RLV as a point mass, the coupling between translational dynamics and rotational dynamics is taken into account. An optimization problem is formulated to minimize a performance index subject to 6-DOF equations of motion, including translational and rotational dynamics. A two-step optimal strategy is then introduced to reduce the large calculations caused by multiple variables and convergence confinement in 6-DOF trajectory optimization. The simulation results demonstrate that the 6-DOF trajectory optimal strategy for RLV is feasible.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61174221)
文摘Reentry attitude control for reusable launch vehicles （RLVs） is challenging due to the characters of fast nonlinear dy- namics and large flight envelop. A hierarchical structured attitude control system for an RLV is proposed and an unpowered RLV con- trol model is developed. Then, the hierarchical structured control frame consisting of attitude controller, compound control strategy and control allocation is presented. At the core of the design is a robust adaptive control （RAC） law based on dual loop time-scale separation. A radial basis function neural network （RBFNN） is implemented for compensation of uncertain model dynamics and external disturbances in the inner loop. And then the robust op- timization is applied in the outer loop to guarantee performance robustness. The overall control design frame retains the simplicity in design while simultaneously assuring the adaptive and robust performance. The hierarchical structured robust adaptive con- troller （HSRAC） incorporates flexibility into the design with regard to controller versatility to various reentry mission requirements. Simulation results show that the improved tracking performance is achieved by means of RAC.
