The experimental results showed that the duration of microbial retting processing of kenaf fibers by using aerobic microbe was four times shorter than that by using anaerobic microbe. The residual gum percentage,break...The experimental results showed that the duration of microbial retting processing of kenaf fibers by using aerobic microbe was four times shorter than that by using anaerobic microbe. The residual gum percentage,breaking strength, breaking elongation and linear density of aerobic retted kenaf bundle fibers did not show significantly difference with that of anaerobic retted kenaf bundle fibers by ANOVA-Tukey's studentized test at a = 5% except for the softness. The bioenergetic principle and the calculation of the amount of ATP produced during the decomposition processing of kenaf gums were used to explain why the retting duration in the case of using aerobic microbes was much shorter than that of using anaerobic microbes.展开更多
Cultivable bacteria were isolated from seawater-based retting treatment of hemp, in which three of purified strains (SW- 1, SW- 2, and S-SW1) produced relatively high levels of pectinase activities, and also produced ...Cultivable bacteria were isolated from seawater-based retting treatment of hemp, in which three of purified strains (SW- 1, SW- 2, and S-SW1) produced relatively high levels of pectinase activities, and also produced mannanases and xylanases. PCR-based entebacterial repetitive intergenic consensus primers (ERIC-PCR) were employed for fingerprinting DNA of the bacterial strains. The ERIC-PCR fingerprints of stains SW- 1, SW- 2, and S-SW1 were found to be different, and should be further identified for each isolate. Strains SW- 1 and SW- 2 were identified as Stenotrophomnas maltophilia, while strain S-SW1 was assigned to Ochrobactrum anthropi by BIOLOG system. These two species represented rhizosphere bacterial genera, and possibly were introduced by the hemp plants. These organisms seemed potentially capable of producing pectinase and hemicellulase, and thus effectively degrading the gum substances in the seawater retting. This research could be helpful for improving a novel seawater-based retting treatment of hemp.展开更多
The upper and lower portions of Musa sapientum pseudo-stem sheaths were exposed in four types of treatments： pectin decomposing bacteria, magnesium oxide （MgO）, both pectin decomposing bacteria and MgO and control....The upper and lower portions of Musa sapientum pseudo-stem sheaths were exposed in four types of treatments： pectin decomposing bacteria, magnesium oxide （MgO）, both pectin decomposing bacteria and MgO and control. The fibre strength properties were tested using SIRIM Standard methods and colour changed using gray scale. The bioaugmentation of pectin decomposing bacteria together with MgO additions were found to enhance retting process and reduced retting periods 52% and yielded better strength on the fibres. The lower portion pseudo-stem sheaths gave the higher strength than upper portion. Colour changed showed that the bioaugmentation of pectin bacteria enhanced the degradation colouring compound in banana fibres.展开更多
The performance of UASB (Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactor was investigated in the present study for treatment of flax retting wastewater. Batch and continuous experiments on a pilot scale were designed. The i...The performance of UASB (Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactor was investigated in the present study for treatment of flax retting wastewater. Batch and continuous experiments on a pilot scale were designed. The initial seed for granules (bacteria acclimation) formed earlier was from municipal sewage treatment plant with VSS of 18 - 20 g/L. Batch experiments proved that the sludge retention time (SRT) was 77 days. Under steady state conditions, continuous experiments were conducted at organic loading rates (OLRs) in the range of 1.2 to8.6 kgCODs m–3·d–1, where the hy- draulic retention time (HRT) decreased from 72 to 12 hrs. The results proved that the UASB technology provides good COD removal efficiency from 64.5% to 90.5% as COD loading rate decreased and good biogas production at proper food: micro-organism (F:M) ratios.展开更多
Retting has been employed to extract natural fibers from agricultural wastes as a biological and cost-effective approach for centuries.With its global abundance,banana pseudo-stem is a promising agro-waste for lignoce...Retting has been employed to extract natural fibers from agricultural wastes as a biological and cost-effective approach for centuries.With its global abundance,banana pseudo-stem is a promising agro-waste for lignocellulosic fiber extraction.In this study,fibers were extracted from the pseudo-stems after being pre-treated under four conditions using seawater at room temperature for up to 35 d Bacterial isolation from the fresh seawater sample and screening for ligninolytic ability were conducted.Bacterial load as well as laccase and manganese peroxidase enzyme activity profile assay during the retting duration were analyzed.Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)and X-day diffraction(XRD)analyses were also examined for both pre-treated and untreated extracted fibers.The results shows that six out of the eight bacterial isolates had the ability to degrade lignin.The treatments(Raw stem+Raw seawater)and(Autoclaved stem+Raw seawater)recorded the highest viable bacterial load of 9.24×102 and 4.46×102 CFU,respectively,on the 14th day of the retting process.Additionally,the highest laccase and manganese peroxidase enzymes activity was recorded for(Raw stem+Raw seawater)and(Autoclaved stem+Raw seawater)treatments in the second to the third week.The FT-IR spectra of the pre-treated fibers revealed relative reductions in peaks attributed to polysaccharides and other amorphous substances for all retting conditions.The XRD diffractogram revealed that the crystallinity index(CI)of pre-treated fibers increased in all seawater retting treatment conditions.However,the CI for fibers pre-treated under enzymatic conditions were enhanced even after five weeks.Sequence analysis for selected bacterial isolates showed homology to sequences of Bacillus velezensis,Shewanella sp.L8–5,and Citrobacter amalonaticus and Bacillus subtilis j8 strain.From these findings,it was suggested that physical,biological,and chemical actions were collectively involved in the seawater retting process of banana pseudo-stems.展开更多
病例介绍患者,男,38岁,因“声嘶11个月,胸痛伴气紧7 d,加重伴心悸1 d”于2024年4月29日入四川大学华西医院。患者2023年6月因声嘶于外院就诊,诊断为甲状腺右侧结节:癌可能性大;右侧颈部淋巴结肿大:癌转移可能性大,并行全麻下甲状腺癌根...病例介绍患者,男,38岁,因“声嘶11个月,胸痛伴气紧7 d,加重伴心悸1 d”于2024年4月29日入四川大学华西医院。患者2023年6月因声嘶于外院就诊,诊断为甲状腺右侧结节:癌可能性大;右侧颈部淋巴结肿大:癌转移可能性大,并行全麻下甲状腺癌根治术,术后病理示左、右叶甲状腺髓样癌(medullary thyroid carcinoma,MTC),淋巴结见肿瘤转移。肿瘤基因检查示RET(rearranged during transfection)基因变异(外显子11:c.1901G>A:p.C634Y)。2023年11月患者行正电子发射断层成像(positron emission tomography,PET)/CT发现局部淋巴结、双肺、肾上腺转移,予以塞普替尼靶向药物治疗2个月,出现皮肤瘙痒、尿酸明显升高后停用靶向药物。2024年4月22日患者于外院行经皮穿刺左侧肾上腺病损冷冻消融+活检术(病理结果示肾上腺髓质增生,嗜铬细胞瘤不除外),术后随即出现全身疼痛,以胸、腹部疼痛明显,性质剧烈,伴气紧、心悸、恶心、双手麻木,伴有血压、心率大幅波动,心率由70次/min上升至170次/min,血压由140/70 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)上升至220/109 mm Hg。展开更多
目的:探究乳腺癌组织中RET(rearranged during transfection)基因、磷酸酶张力蛋白同源基因(phosphatase and tensin homolog,PTEN)表达水平与临床病理特征的相关性及其诊断乳腺癌的效能。方法:乳腺癌患者52例为观察组,良性乳腺肿瘤患...目的:探究乳腺癌组织中RET(rearranged during transfection)基因、磷酸酶张力蛋白同源基因(phosphatase and tensin homolog,PTEN)表达水平与临床病理特征的相关性及其诊断乳腺癌的效能。方法:乳腺癌患者52例为观察组,良性乳腺肿瘤患者52例为对照组。比较两组肿瘤组织中RET、PTEN表达阳性率,分析RET、PTEN表达与乳腺癌患者临床病理特征的关系,乳腺癌患者RET、PTEN表达水平与淋巴结转移、TNM分期的相关性,RET、PTEN表达水平联合诊断乳腺癌患者的效能。结果:观察组RET阳性率73.08%,高于对照组的9.62%,PTEN阳性率38.46%,低于对照组的71.15%(均P<0.05)。淋巴结转移患者RET阳性表达水平高于无淋巴结转移患者,Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者RET阳性表达水平高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者;淋巴结转移患者PTEN阳性表达水平低于无淋巴结转移患者,Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者PTEN阳性表达水平低于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者(均P<0.05)。乳腺癌患者RET表达水平与淋巴结转移(r=0.609)、TNM分期(r=0.628)呈正相关,PTEN表达水平与淋巴结转移(r=-0.644)、TNM分期(r=-0.678)呈负相关(均P<0.05)。RET、PTEN联合诊断乳腺癌患者敏感度为80.77%,特异度为86.54%,准确度为83.65%,优于RET、PTEN单独诊断的效能(均P<0.05)。结论:RET、PTEN与乳腺癌淋巴结转移、TNM分期密切相关,两者联合检测可为乳腺癌的诊断提供有价值的参考。展开更多
Objective:Diabetes-induced gastrointestinal(GI)motility disorders are increasingly prevalent.Damage to the enteric nervous system(ENS),composed primarily of enteric neurons and glial cells,is an essential mechanism in...Objective:Diabetes-induced gastrointestinal(GI)motility disorders are increasingly prevalent.Damage to the enteric nervous system(ENS),composed primarily of enteric neurons and glial cells,is an essential mechanism involved in these disorders.Although electroacupuncture(EA)has shown the potential to mitigate enteric neuronal loss,its mechanism is not fully understood.Additionally,the effects of EA on enteric glial cells have not been investigated.Enteric neural precursor cells(ENPCs)contribute to the structural and functional integrity of the ENS,yet whether EA enhances their differentiation into enteric neurons and glial cells remains unexplored.This study investigates whether EA promotes ENS repair through enhancing ENPC-derived neurogenesis and gliogenesis and elucidates the potential molecular mechanisms involved.Methods:Transgenic mice were used to trace Nestin+/nerve growth factor receptor(Ngfr)+ENPCs labeled with green fluorescent protein(GFP)in vivo.Mice were randomly divided into four groups:control,diabetes mellitus(DM),DM+sham EA,and DM+EA.The effects of EA on diabetic mice were evaluated by GI motility,ENS structure,and ENPC differentiation.Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)/Ret signaling was detected to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms.Results:EA alleviated diabetes-induced GI motility disorders,as indicated by reduced whole gut transit time,shortened colonic bead expulsion time,and enhanced smooth muscle contractility.Furthermore,EA attenuated diabetes-induced losses of enteric neurons and glial cells,thereby restoring ENS integrity.Notably,EA reversed the diabetes-induced decrease in ENPCs and significantly increased the absolute number and the proportion of ENPC-derived enteric neurons.However,immunofluorescence analyses revealed no colocalization between EA-induced glial fibrillary acidic protein+glial cells and GFPlabeled ENPCs.Mechanistically,GDNF/Ret signaling was elevated in intestinal tissues and upregulated in ENPCs in EA-treated diabetic mice.Conclusion:EA facilitates ENS repair by promoting Nestin+/Ngfr+ENPC differentiation into enteric neurons via upregulation of GDNF/Ret signaling,and driving enteric gliogenesis from non-Nestin+/Ngfr+ENPCs.These findings highlight EA's role in ameliorating diabetes-induced GI dysmotility through ENPC-derived ENS restoration.展开更多
文摘The experimental results showed that the duration of microbial retting processing of kenaf fibers by using aerobic microbe was four times shorter than that by using anaerobic microbe. The residual gum percentage,breaking strength, breaking elongation and linear density of aerobic retted kenaf bundle fibers did not show significantly difference with that of anaerobic retted kenaf bundle fibers by ANOVA-Tukey's studentized test at a = 5% except for the softness. The bioenergetic principle and the calculation of the amount of ATP produced during the decomposition processing of kenaf gums were used to explain why the retting duration in the case of using aerobic microbes was much shorter than that of using anaerobic microbes.
基金Programfor Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Teamin University,China( No .IRT0654)Major State Basic Research Development Program,China ( No .2008CB617506)Analysis and Test Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China ( No .2007F70040)
文摘Cultivable bacteria were isolated from seawater-based retting treatment of hemp, in which three of purified strains (SW- 1, SW- 2, and S-SW1) produced relatively high levels of pectinase activities, and also produced mannanases and xylanases. PCR-based entebacterial repetitive intergenic consensus primers (ERIC-PCR) were employed for fingerprinting DNA of the bacterial strains. The ERIC-PCR fingerprints of stains SW- 1, SW- 2, and S-SW1 were found to be different, and should be further identified for each isolate. Strains SW- 1 and SW- 2 were identified as Stenotrophomnas maltophilia, while strain S-SW1 was assigned to Ochrobactrum anthropi by BIOLOG system. These two species represented rhizosphere bacterial genera, and possibly were introduced by the hemp plants. These organisms seemed potentially capable of producing pectinase and hemicellulase, and thus effectively degrading the gum substances in the seawater retting. This research could be helpful for improving a novel seawater-based retting treatment of hemp.
文摘The upper and lower portions of Musa sapientum pseudo-stem sheaths were exposed in four types of treatments： pectin decomposing bacteria, magnesium oxide （MgO）, both pectin decomposing bacteria and MgO and control. The fibre strength properties were tested using SIRIM Standard methods and colour changed using gray scale. The bioaugmentation of pectin decomposing bacteria together with MgO additions were found to enhance retting process and reduced retting periods 52% and yielded better strength on the fibres. The lower portion pseudo-stem sheaths gave the higher strength than upper portion. Colour changed showed that the bioaugmentation of pectin bacteria enhanced the degradation colouring compound in banana fibres.
文摘The performance of UASB (Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactor was investigated in the present study for treatment of flax retting wastewater. Batch and continuous experiments on a pilot scale were designed. The initial seed for granules (bacteria acclimation) formed earlier was from municipal sewage treatment plant with VSS of 18 - 20 g/L. Batch experiments proved that the sludge retention time (SRT) was 77 days. Under steady state conditions, continuous experiments were conducted at organic loading rates (OLRs) in the range of 1.2 to8.6 kgCODs m–3·d–1, where the hy- draulic retention time (HRT) decreased from 72 to 12 hrs. The results proved that the UASB technology provides good COD removal efficiency from 64.5% to 90.5% as COD loading rate decreased and good biogas production at proper food: micro-organism (F:M) ratios.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Development Fund(STDF)project(no.44049)and TICAD7 scholarship from the Egyptian and Japanese governments.We are also grateful to Professor Hiromi Nakanishi from the University of Tokyo,for the analyses with the PCR and TOYOBO for the sequencing.
文摘Retting has been employed to extract natural fibers from agricultural wastes as a biological and cost-effective approach for centuries.With its global abundance,banana pseudo-stem is a promising agro-waste for lignocellulosic fiber extraction.In this study,fibers were extracted from the pseudo-stems after being pre-treated under four conditions using seawater at room temperature for up to 35 d Bacterial isolation from the fresh seawater sample and screening for ligninolytic ability were conducted.Bacterial load as well as laccase and manganese peroxidase enzyme activity profile assay during the retting duration were analyzed.Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR)and X-day diffraction(XRD)analyses were also examined for both pre-treated and untreated extracted fibers.The results shows that six out of the eight bacterial isolates had the ability to degrade lignin.The treatments(Raw stem+Raw seawater)and(Autoclaved stem+Raw seawater)recorded the highest viable bacterial load of 9.24×102 and 4.46×102 CFU,respectively,on the 14th day of the retting process.Additionally,the highest laccase and manganese peroxidase enzymes activity was recorded for(Raw stem+Raw seawater)and(Autoclaved stem+Raw seawater)treatments in the second to the third week.The FT-IR spectra of the pre-treated fibers revealed relative reductions in peaks attributed to polysaccharides and other amorphous substances for all retting conditions.The XRD diffractogram revealed that the crystallinity index(CI)of pre-treated fibers increased in all seawater retting treatment conditions.However,the CI for fibers pre-treated under enzymatic conditions were enhanced even after five weeks.Sequence analysis for selected bacterial isolates showed homology to sequences of Bacillus velezensis,Shewanella sp.L8–5,and Citrobacter amalonaticus and Bacillus subtilis j8 strain.From these findings,it was suggested that physical,biological,and chemical actions were collectively involved in the seawater retting process of banana pseudo-stems.
文摘病例介绍患者,男,38岁,因“声嘶11个月,胸痛伴气紧7 d,加重伴心悸1 d”于2024年4月29日入四川大学华西医院。患者2023年6月因声嘶于外院就诊,诊断为甲状腺右侧结节:癌可能性大;右侧颈部淋巴结肿大:癌转移可能性大,并行全麻下甲状腺癌根治术,术后病理示左、右叶甲状腺髓样癌(medullary thyroid carcinoma,MTC),淋巴结见肿瘤转移。肿瘤基因检查示RET(rearranged during transfection)基因变异(外显子11:c.1901G>A:p.C634Y)。2023年11月患者行正电子发射断层成像(positron emission tomography,PET)/CT发现局部淋巴结、双肺、肾上腺转移,予以塞普替尼靶向药物治疗2个月,出现皮肤瘙痒、尿酸明显升高后停用靶向药物。2024年4月22日患者于外院行经皮穿刺左侧肾上腺病损冷冻消融+活检术(病理结果示肾上腺髓质增生,嗜铬细胞瘤不除外),术后随即出现全身疼痛,以胸、腹部疼痛明显,性质剧烈,伴气紧、心悸、恶心、双手麻木,伴有血压、心率大幅波动,心率由70次/min上升至170次/min,血压由140/70 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)上升至220/109 mm Hg。
文摘目的:探究乳腺癌组织中RET(rearranged during transfection)基因、磷酸酶张力蛋白同源基因(phosphatase and tensin homolog,PTEN)表达水平与临床病理特征的相关性及其诊断乳腺癌的效能。方法:乳腺癌患者52例为观察组,良性乳腺肿瘤患者52例为对照组。比较两组肿瘤组织中RET、PTEN表达阳性率,分析RET、PTEN表达与乳腺癌患者临床病理特征的关系,乳腺癌患者RET、PTEN表达水平与淋巴结转移、TNM分期的相关性,RET、PTEN表达水平联合诊断乳腺癌患者的效能。结果:观察组RET阳性率73.08%,高于对照组的9.62%,PTEN阳性率38.46%,低于对照组的71.15%(均P<0.05)。淋巴结转移患者RET阳性表达水平高于无淋巴结转移患者,Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者RET阳性表达水平高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者;淋巴结转移患者PTEN阳性表达水平低于无淋巴结转移患者,Ⅲ~Ⅳ期患者PTEN阳性表达水平低于Ⅰ~Ⅱ期患者(均P<0.05)。乳腺癌患者RET表达水平与淋巴结转移(r=0.609)、TNM分期(r=0.628)呈正相关,PTEN表达水平与淋巴结转移(r=-0.644)、TNM分期(r=-0.678)呈负相关(均P<0.05)。RET、PTEN联合诊断乳腺癌患者敏感度为80.77%,特异度为86.54%,准确度为83.65%,优于RET、PTEN单独诊断的效能(均P<0.05)。结论:RET、PTEN与乳腺癌淋巴结转移、TNM分期密切相关,两者联合检测可为乳腺癌的诊断提供有价值的参考。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81700471 and No.82270583)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC2504005)。
文摘Objective:Diabetes-induced gastrointestinal(GI)motility disorders are increasingly prevalent.Damage to the enteric nervous system(ENS),composed primarily of enteric neurons and glial cells,is an essential mechanism involved in these disorders.Although electroacupuncture(EA)has shown the potential to mitigate enteric neuronal loss,its mechanism is not fully understood.Additionally,the effects of EA on enteric glial cells have not been investigated.Enteric neural precursor cells(ENPCs)contribute to the structural and functional integrity of the ENS,yet whether EA enhances their differentiation into enteric neurons and glial cells remains unexplored.This study investigates whether EA promotes ENS repair through enhancing ENPC-derived neurogenesis and gliogenesis and elucidates the potential molecular mechanisms involved.Methods:Transgenic mice were used to trace Nestin+/nerve growth factor receptor(Ngfr)+ENPCs labeled with green fluorescent protein(GFP)in vivo.Mice were randomly divided into four groups:control,diabetes mellitus(DM),DM+sham EA,and DM+EA.The effects of EA on diabetic mice were evaluated by GI motility,ENS structure,and ENPC differentiation.Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)/Ret signaling was detected to clarify the underlying molecular mechanisms.Results:EA alleviated diabetes-induced GI motility disorders,as indicated by reduced whole gut transit time,shortened colonic bead expulsion time,and enhanced smooth muscle contractility.Furthermore,EA attenuated diabetes-induced losses of enteric neurons and glial cells,thereby restoring ENS integrity.Notably,EA reversed the diabetes-induced decrease in ENPCs and significantly increased the absolute number and the proportion of ENPC-derived enteric neurons.However,immunofluorescence analyses revealed no colocalization between EA-induced glial fibrillary acidic protein+glial cells and GFPlabeled ENPCs.Mechanistically,GDNF/Ret signaling was elevated in intestinal tissues and upregulated in ENPCs in EA-treated diabetic mice.Conclusion:EA facilitates ENS repair by promoting Nestin+/Ngfr+ENPC differentiation into enteric neurons via upregulation of GDNF/Ret signaling,and driving enteric gliogenesis from non-Nestin+/Ngfr+ENPCs.These findings highlight EA's role in ameliorating diabetes-induced GI dysmotility through ENPC-derived ENS restoration.
