The unprecedented outbreak of COVID-19 presents a public health crisis on a global scale.Various measures have been taken to communicate crisis risks to the general public.These measures are meant to keep the public w...The unprecedented outbreak of COVID-19 presents a public health crisis on a global scale.Various measures have been taken to communicate crisis risks to the general public.These measures are meant to keep the public well informed,stay alert,and take precautionary measures to help curb the spread of the virus.The current study is part of an ongoing project aimed at exploring patterns of communication in the COVID-19 crisis discourse.Based on a collection of posters designed for public use during the outbreak,this paper analyses the richness of semiotic resources that combine to construct and convey the intended message of the posters.Drawing from scholarly insights into understanding the situatedness of meaning-making,the paper revisits some of the classical concerns about the relationship between text and image in semiotic artefacts and reveals the meaningmaking patterns in the semiotic designs of risk communication posters.The patterns are found to rest upon a host of textual and graphic features that contribute to the essential semiotic encoding of entity,condition,action,and sentiment.The findings are summarized by conceptualizing the assemblages of resources in the poster as a semiotic ensemble where the coordination and collaboration among semiotic resources can work to reduce potential ambiguities and amplify the communicative effect.展开更多
Optimizing routing and resource allocation in decentralized unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)networks remains challenging due to interference and rapidly changing topologies.The authors introduce a novel framework combinin...Optimizing routing and resource allocation in decentralized unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)networks remains challenging due to interference and rapidly changing topologies.The authors introduce a novel framework combining double deep Q-networks(DDQNs)and graph neural networks(GNNs)for joint routing and resource allocation.The framework uses GNNs to model the network topology and DDQNs to adaptively control routing and resource allocation,addressing interference and improving network performance.Simulation results show that the proposed approach outperforms traditional methods such as Closest-to-Destination(c2Dst),Max-SINR(mSINR),and Multi-Layer Perceptron(MLP)-based models,achieving approximately 23.5% improvement in throughput,50% increase in connection probability,and 17.6% reduction in number of hops,demonstrating its effectiveness in dynamic UAV networks.展开更多
The global energy landscape is undergoing a profound transformation,with wind energy,especially wind power,gaining increasing prominence due to its clean,renewable nature.However,as the installed capacity of wind powe...The global energy landscape is undergoing a profound transformation,with wind energy,especially wind power,gaining increasing prominence due to its clean,renewable nature.However,as the installed capacity of wind power continues to expand,the disposal of waste wind turbine blades(WWTB)has emerged as a significant challenge.These blades are predominantly composed of epoxy resin(EP)polymers,carbon fibers(CFs),and glass fibers(GFs).Improper disposal not only exacerbates environmental concerns but also leads to the loss of valuable resources,particularly carbon-based materials.Pyrolysis technology,a versatile and environmentally sustainable method for resource recovery,has garnered considerable attention in the context of WWTB disposal.This work presents a comprehensive review of the pyrolytic recycling of WWTB,focusing on the principles and classifications of pyrolysis technology,key factors influencing the pyrolysis process,as well as the pyrolysis methods,equipment,products,and their applications.Through an in-depth analysis of the current research on the pyrolytic recycling of WWTB,this review identifies critical unresolved issues in the field and provides a forward-looking perspective on emerging research trends.展开更多
Based on the data of regional geology,seismic,drilling,logging and production performance obtained from 94 major petroliferous basins worldwide,the global coal resources were screened and statistically analyzed.Then,u...Based on the data of regional geology,seismic,drilling,logging and production performance obtained from 94 major petroliferous basins worldwide,the global coal resources were screened and statistically analyzed.Then,using established definition methods and evaluation criteria for coal-rock gas in China,and by analogy with the tectono-sedimentary and burial-thermal evolution conditions of coal rocks in sedimentary basins within China,the geological resource potential of global coal-rock gas was estimated mainly by the volume method,partly by the volumetric method in selected regions.According to the evaluation indicator system comprising 14 parameters under 5 categories and the associated scoring criteria,the target basins were ranked,and the future research targets for these basins were proposed.The results reveal that,globally,coal rocks are primarily formed in four types of swamp environments within four categories of prototype basins,and distributed across five major coal-forming periods and eight coal-accumulation belts.The total geological coal resources are estimated at approximately 42×10^(12)t,including 22×10^(12)t in the strata deeper than 1500 m.The global geological coal-rock gas resources in deep strata are roughly 232×10^(12)m^(3),of which over 90%are endowed in Russia,Canada,the United States,China and Australia,with China contributing 24%.The top 10 basins by coal-rock gas resource endowment,i.e.Alberta,Kuznetsk,Ordos,East Siberian,Bowen,West Siberian,Sichuan,South Turgay,Lena-Vilyuy and Tarim,collectively hold 75%of the global total.The Permian,Cretaceous,Carboniferous,Jurassic,and Paleogene-Neogene account for 32%,30%,18%,10%,and 7%of total coal-rock gas resources,respectively.The 10 most practical basins for future coal-rock gas exploration and development are identified as Alberta,Ordos,Kuznetsk,San Juan,Sichuan,East Siberian,Rocky Mountain,Bowen,Junggar and Qinshui.Propelled by successful development practices in China,coal-rock gas is now entering a phase of theoretical breakthrough,technological innovation,and rapid production growth,positioning it to spearhead the next wave of the global unconventional oil and gas revolution.展开更多
Recently,the Internet of Things(IoT)technology has been utilized in a wide range of services and applications which significantly transforms digital ecosystems through seamless interconnectivity between various smart ...Recently,the Internet of Things(IoT)technology has been utilized in a wide range of services and applications which significantly transforms digital ecosystems through seamless interconnectivity between various smart devices.Furthermore,the IoT plays a key role in multiple domains,including industrial automation,smart homes,and intelligent transportation systems.However,an increasing number of connected devices presents significant challenges related to efficient resource allocation and system responsiveness.To address these issue,this research proposes a Modified Walrus Optimization Algorithm(MWaOA)for effective resource management in smart IoT systems.In the proposed MWaOA,a crowding process is incorporated to maintain diversity and avoid premature convergence thereby enhancing the global search capability.During resource allocation,the MWaOA prevents early convergence,which aids in achieving a better balance between the exploration and exploitation phases during optimization.Empirical evaluations show that the MWaOA reduces energy consumption by approximately 4% to 34%and minimizes the response time by 6% to 33% across different service arrival rates.Compared to traditional optimization algorithms,MWaOA reduces energy consumption by 5% to 30%and minimizes the response time by 4% to 28% across different simulation epochs.The proposed MWaOA provides adaptive and robust resource allocation,thereby minimizing transmission cost while considering network constraints and real-time performance parameters.展开更多
As part of my master’s programme in resource use and environmental science at China Agricultural University,I had the privilege of joining a study trip to the Shiyang River Basin and its surrounding areas from 17 to ...As part of my master’s programme in resource use and environmental science at China Agricultural University,I had the privilege of joining a study trip to the Shiyang River Basin and its surrounding areas from 17 to 21 July 2025.This trip to Gansu Province was organised under the China-Africa Joint Centre for Agricultural Demonstration and Training in Arid Regions programme,an initiative aligned with President Xi Jinping’s call for deeper China-Africa cooperation.展开更多
In 2025,the global rare earth exploration and development sector achieved breakthroughs across multiple fronts.Projects advanced intensively across the Americas,Oceania,Africa,and Europe,with significant growth in res...In 2025,the global rare earth exploration and development sector achieved breakthroughs across multiple fronts.Projects advanced intensively across the Americas,Oceania,Africa,and Europe,with significant growth in resources,continuous emergence of new deposits,and strong impetus injected into the industry by technological innovation and policy support.The global rare earth resource supply pattern was further optimized (Table 1).1.Fruitful results in resource growth and new deposit discoveriesBrazil emerged as a core region for resource growth.The Colossus rare earth deposit saw a 150%increase in resources and announced its first reserve estimate.The Caldeira rare earth deposit’s resource estimate grew by 50%.The combined ore resources in the Caladão rare earth deposit’s Zones A and B reached 5.72×10~8 tonnes,with a total rare earth oxide(TREO) grade of 0.1506%,concurrently hosting 2.29×10~4tonnes of gallium metal resources.展开更多
The increasing penetration of inverter-based resources(IBRs)and renewable energy resources poses significant challenges to the stability and controllability of modern power systems.Dynamic virtual power plants(DVPPs)h...The increasing penetration of inverter-based resources(IBRs)and renewable energy resources poses significant challenges to the stability and controllability of modern power systems.Dynamic virtual power plants(DVPPs)have emerged as a transformative solution for aggregating and controlling heterogeneously distributed energy resources(DERs)flexibly and dynamically.This paper presents a comprehensive review of DVPPs,covering their conceptual evolution—from microgrids to virtual power plants(VPPs)and fast-acting VPPs—culminating in the dynamic DVPP paradigm.This review explores key architectural frameworks,including grid-forming and grid-following roles,as well as AC/DC interfacing strategies.Emphasis is placed on secondary frequency and voltage control mechanisms,dynamic-based and market-based disaggregation,and control methodologies tailored to DERs.展开更多
The energy transition inspired by carbon neutrality targets and the increasing threat of extreme events raise multi-objective development requirements for power systems.This paper proposes a multi-objective resource a...The energy transition inspired by carbon neutrality targets and the increasing threat of extreme events raise multi-objective development requirements for power systems.This paper proposes a multi-objective resource allocation model to determine the type,number and location of flexible resources to increase the values of resilience,carbon reduction and renewable energy consumption.To evaluate the values of resilience,a restoration model for transmission systems is established that considers the coordination of fossil-fuel generators,energy storage systems(ESSs)and renewable energy generators in building restoration paths.The collaborative power-carbon-tradable green certificate(TGC)market model is then applied to evaluate the resource values in terms of carbon reduction and renewable energy consumption.Finally,the model is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming(MILP)with a nonconvex feasible domain,and the normalized normal constraint(NNC)method is applied to obtain approximate Pareto frontiers for decision makers.Case studies validate the effectiveness of the proposed model in improving multi-factor values and analyze the impact of resource regulation capacity on values of restoration and carbon reduction.展开更多
Reconciling biodiversity conservation with economic advancement represents a defining challenge of the Anthropocene epoch.Although ecotourism is widely promoted as a strategy capable of delivering both environmental a...Reconciling biodiversity conservation with economic advancement represents a defining challenge of the Anthropocene epoch.Although ecotourism is widely promoted as a strategy capable of delivering both environmental and developmental benefits,empirical evidence regarding its ecological and socioeconomic impacts remains limited.This study critically examined the Hide-in-Bird Pond(HIBP)model,a rapidly expanding,community-based avitourism framework in China that integrates targeted wildlife provisioning with concealed infrastructure for bird observation,simultaneously establishing a novel income source for economically marginalized rural regions through ecotourism.Semi-structured online interviews were conducted with 98 HIBP operators,and thematic analysis was applied to evaluate current developmental patterns,spatial distribution,and conservation outcomes.A total of 251 HIBP sites were identified across China,predominantly located in biodiversity-rich but economically marginalized regions.These sites collectively supported 524 bird species—36%of China's avifauna—including 148 species classified as nationally protected or threatened(38%of nationally listed bird taxa).These findings suggest that HIBP can serve as an integrative socio-ecological platform that aligns conservation objectives with sustainable rural development.However,the absence of standardized governance frameworks and ecological safeguards poses significant risks to biodiversity an d long-term sustainability.Implementation of science-based adaptive management systems,incorporating systematic biodiversity monitoring,inclusive stakeholder coordination,and certified sustainable tourism protocols,is critical to ensure ecological integrity and sectoral resilience.These findings offer novel insights into aligning conservation objectives with economic development across regions characterized by high biodiversity and persistent economic disadvantage.展开更多
Coal serves not only as a crucial energy resource but also as a significant reservoir of critical metal elements,including Lithium(Li),Gallium(Ga),Germanium(Ge),and rare earth elements(REE).This paper provides a syste...Coal serves not only as a crucial energy resource but also as a significant reservoir of critical metal elements,including Lithium(Li),Gallium(Ga),Germanium(Ge),and rare earth elements(REE).This paper provides a systematic review of the enrichment characteristics,occurrence modes,and comprehensive utilization potential of these critical metals in coal.Globally,the distribution of these metal resources exhibits significant regional heterogeneity.While the concentration in most coals falls below industrial cut-off grades,anomalous enrichment in specific coal basins results in Li,Ga,Ge,and REE concentrations far exceeding global averages,highlighting their considerable potential as unconventional metal deposits.The occurrence modes of these metals are diverse:Li is primarily hosted in mineral phases;Ga exists in inorganic,organic,and complex forms;Ge shows a strong association with organic matter;and REE are mainly present in adsorbed/isomorphic forms within clay minerals,while also displaying organic affinity.Direct extraction of metals from raw coal is often cost-prohibitive;effective recovery is therefore more feasible when integrated with coal processing.Metals are further enriched in solid wastes such as coal gangue,fly ash,and bottom ash,from which recovery is more economically and technically viable.Current comprehensive utilization primarily employs integrated mineral processing-hydrometallurgy approaches.Future research should focus on elucidating the precise occurrence forms of metals in coal and solid wastes,optimizing pre-treatment methods,and selecting effective activators and leachants.Advancing the synergistic extraction and green recovery of multiple associated resources from coal and its by-products is essential for achieving high-value,comprehensive utilization of coal-based resources.展开更多
The circular economy is an innovative concept of both production and consumption.It can reduce wastage,preserve resources,and minimize environmental effects with the help of recycling,recovering resources,and extendin...The circular economy is an innovative concept of both production and consumption.It can reduce wastage,preserve resources,and minimize environmental effects with the help of recycling,recovering resources,and extending the life of products.It works as a pathway to reduce environmental footprints by redesigning production-consumption systems.This review critically examines global circular economy strategies,policy approaches,and persistent barriers that shape environmental footprint outcomes across major sectors.Drawing on a structured narrative review and thematic synthesis,we integrate findings on key circular economy practices,Eco-design,product life extension,reuse,re-manufacturing,recycling,and resource recovery,and assess how they interact with policy instruments such as extended producer responsibility,ecodesign requirements,and waste governance reforms.The analysis highlights that reported benefits(e.g.,reduced material throughput,waste generation,and emissions)are frequently constrained by technological limitations(complex material streams,low-quality recyclate,energy-intensive processing),economic conditions(high upfront costs,weak markets for secondary materials,commodity price volatility),and institutional and behavioral factors(regulatory fragmentation,limited enforcement capacity,low consumer acceptance).We further synthesize methodological challenges in measuring“circularity”and footprint reductions,emphasizing boundary choices,rebound effects,and trade-offs such as increased energy demand or land and water pressures in bio-based substitution.By linking circular economy strategies,barriers,and outcomes in an integrative conceptual framework,the review clarifies why circular transitions often deliver partial gains and identifies leverage points for scaling effective,evidence-based policy and practice.展开更多
China-Zimbabwe collaboration is creating new opportunities for innovation and development of youth Zimbabwe’s development has long faced obstacles linked to Western economic sanctions,measures that many view as unjus...China-Zimbabwe collaboration is creating new opportunities for innovation and development of youth Zimbabwe’s development has long faced obstacles linked to Western economic sanctions,measures that many view as unjust or unlawful.Yet,despite these constraints,Zimbabwe remains a nation rich in natural resources and endowed with a highly educated population,with its youth standing out as a particularly dynamic force.展开更多
Metaheuristic algorithms,renowned for strong global search capabilities,are effective tools for solving complex optimization problems and show substantial potential in e-Health applications.This review provides a syst...Metaheuristic algorithms,renowned for strong global search capabilities,are effective tools for solving complex optimization problems and show substantial potential in e-Health applications.This review provides a systematic overview of recent advancements in metaheuristic algorithms and highlights their applications in e-Health.We selected representative algorithms published between 2019 and 2024,and quantified their influence using an entropy-weighted method based on journal impact factors and citation counts.CThe Harris Hawks Optimizer(HHO)demonstrated the highest early citation impact.The study also examined applications in disease prediction models,clinical decision support,and intelligent health monitoring.Notably,the Chaotic Salp Swarm Algorithm(CSSA)achieved 99.69% accuracy in detecting Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia.Future research should progress in three directions:improving theoretical reliability and performance predictability in medical contexts;designing more adaptive and deployable mechanisms for real-world systems;and integrating ethical,privacy,and technological considerations to enable precision medicine,digital twins,and intelligent medical devices.展开更多
With the accelerating aging process of China’s population,the demand for community elderly care services has shown diversified and personalized characteristics.However,problems such as insufficient total care service...With the accelerating aging process of China’s population,the demand for community elderly care services has shown diversified and personalized characteristics.However,problems such as insufficient total care service resources,uneven distribution,and prominent supply-demand contradictions have seriously affected service quality.Big data technology,with core advantages including data collection,analysis and mining,and accurate prediction,provides a new solution for the allocation of community elderly care service resources.This paper systematically studies the application value of big data technology in the allocation of community elderly care service resources from three aspects:resource allocation efficiency,service accuracy,and management intelligence.Combined with practical needs,it proposes optimal allocation strategies such as building a big data analysis platform and accurately grasping the elderly’s care needs,striving to provide operable path references for the construction of community elderly care service systems,promoting the early realization of the elderly care service goal of“adequate support and proper care for the elderly”,and boosting the high-quality development of China’s elderly care service industry.展开更多
Water resources health diagnosis is increasingly recognized as a critical tool.It should not only guide the preservation of water volume,quality,and ecological integrity but also assess the viability of carbon-neutral...Water resources health diagnosis is increasingly recognized as a critical tool.It should not only guide the preservation of water volume,quality,and ecological integrity but also assess the viability of carbon-neutral development pathways.But current research tends to consider water health assessment and carbon-neutrality planning as separate endeavors,which results in imprecise boundaries,disjointed metrics,and a weak linkage between diagnostic outcomes and testable management actions.This review brings together indicator systems,diagnostic systems,and environmental management systems architectures that make it possible to have integrated water-carbon governance.We define fundamental concepts and delimiting decisions followed by the examination of indicator designs across the hydrological regime,water quality,ecological integrity,service performance,resilience,and carbon-related measures,including intensity of energy/emissions,emissions caused by the watershed process of wastewater treatment,as well as the potential sink of the watershed.We compare diagnostic methods,such as composite indices and multi-criteria decision analysis,data-driven early-warning models,process-based and integrated simulations,as well as uncertainty-aware robustness models.Here,based on this synthesis,we suggest an environmental management systems(EMS)-based pathway,which connects the setting of the baseline,the diagnosis,the design of the intervention portfolio,and the measurement-reporting-verification into the closed-loop adaptive cycle.Digital enablement,comprising Internet of Things(IoT)monitoring,remote sensing,data fusion,optimization,and digital twins,is considered a viable way of scaling implementation,subject to interoperability,validation,and model governance.Among the major gaps,there are causal attribution to outcomes,cross-scale coupling of facility emissions and basin health,propagation of uncertainty in a coupled model,and credible Measurement,Reporting,and Verification(MRV)of non-CO_(2) gases and nature-based removals.The review gives a roadmap to normalize core metrics and fast-deployable systems to protect the health of the water resources and give verifiable progress towards carbon neutrality.展开更多
In recent years,the rapid development of mega-constellations has significantly exacerbated the deterioration of the space debris environment,posing substantial and escalating threats to the safety of spacecraft.This s...In recent years,the rapid development of mega-constellations has significantly exacerbated the deterioration of the space debris environment,posing substantial and escalating threats to the safety of spacecraft.This study aims to explore the complex evolution of the space debris environment and assess the collision risks associated with spacecraft.First,a space debris environment topological network model is proposed,which incorporates interdisciplinary methods from topological networks,fluid mechanics,and spacecraft dynamics.This model enables a structured representation of the relationships among space objects and provides rapid predictions of the space debris environment.Then,a collision probability algorithm based on the topological network model is introduced.This algorithm inherits the efficiency advantages of the topological network model and has been validated for reliability through comparison with the classical ESA’s DRAMA software.Finally,based on the above models,the collision risks of constellation satellites in Low Earth Orbit(LEO)are analyzed,including both operational and deorbit processes.The study reveals that constellation satellites face a much higher risk of internal collisions with satellites from the same constellation during operations than that with other space objects.Additionally,during the satellite deorbit process,the collision risk peaks when satellites traverse the operational region of Starlink satellites.展开更多
Practical applications of smart cities and the Internet of Things(IoT)have multiplied,posing many difficulties in network performance,dependability,and security.Concerns of accessibility,reliability,sustainability,and...Practical applications of smart cities and the Internet of Things(IoT)have multiplied,posing many difficulties in network performance,dependability,and security.Concerns of accessibility,reliability,sustainability,and security too have arisen correspondingly because of the decentralized character of the smart city and IoT systems.Fog computing offers a foundation for various applications,including cognitive support,health and social services,intelligent transportation systems,and pervasive computing and communications.Fog computing can help enhance these apps'productivity and lower the end-to-end delay experienced by such time-sensitive applications.In this research,we propose a reliable and secure service delivery strategy at the network edge for smart cities.To improve the availability and dependability,along with the security of smart city applications,the approach employs a combined method uniting distributed fog servers in addition to mist servers with the help of an intrusion detection system.Simulation findings suggest a reduction of 40.3%in the delay incurred by each service request for highly dense areas and 60.6%for moderately dense environments.Furthermore,the system has low false-negative rates and high detection and accuracy rates,decreasing service requests 2%.展开更多
1 General information Journal of Geographical Sciences is an international academic journal that publishes papers of the highest quality in physical geography,natural resources,environmental sciences,geographic inform...1 General information Journal of Geographical Sciences is an international academic journal that publishes papers of the highest quality in physical geography,natural resources,environmental sciences,geographic information sciences,remote sensing and cartography.Manuscripts come from different parts of the world.展开更多
1 General information Journal of Geographical Sciences is an international academic journal that publishes papers of the highest quality in physical geography,natural resources,environmental sciences,geographic inform...1 General information Journal of Geographical Sciences is an international academic journal that publishes papers of the highest quality in physical geography,natural resources,environmental sciences,geographic information sciences,remote sensing and cartography.Manuscripts come from different parts of the world.展开更多
文摘The unprecedented outbreak of COVID-19 presents a public health crisis on a global scale.Various measures have been taken to communicate crisis risks to the general public.These measures are meant to keep the public well informed,stay alert,and take precautionary measures to help curb the spread of the virus.The current study is part of an ongoing project aimed at exploring patterns of communication in the COVID-19 crisis discourse.Based on a collection of posters designed for public use during the outbreak,this paper analyses the richness of semiotic resources that combine to construct and convey the intended message of the posters.Drawing from scholarly insights into understanding the situatedness of meaning-making,the paper revisits some of the classical concerns about the relationship between text and image in semiotic artefacts and reveals the meaningmaking patterns in the semiotic designs of risk communication posters.The patterns are found to rest upon a host of textual and graphic features that contribute to the essential semiotic encoding of entity,condition,action,and sentiment.The findings are summarized by conceptualizing the assemblages of resources in the poster as a semiotic ensemble where the coordination and collaboration among semiotic resources can work to reduce potential ambiguities and amplify the communicative effect.
文摘Optimizing routing and resource allocation in decentralized unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)networks remains challenging due to interference and rapidly changing topologies.The authors introduce a novel framework combining double deep Q-networks(DDQNs)and graph neural networks(GNNs)for joint routing and resource allocation.The framework uses GNNs to model the network topology and DDQNs to adaptively control routing and resource allocation,addressing interference and improving network performance.Simulation results show that the proposed approach outperforms traditional methods such as Closest-to-Destination(c2Dst),Max-SINR(mSINR),and Multi-Layer Perceptron(MLP)-based models,achieving approximately 23.5% improvement in throughput,50% increase in connection probability,and 17.6% reduction in number of hops,demonstrating its effectiveness in dynamic UAV networks.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22468035,22468036,22368038,22308048)the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia(2024QN02018,2025MS02030)+2 种基金First-class Discipline Research Special Project of Inner Mongolia(YLXKZX-NGD-045)Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Postgraduate Research Innovation Project(KC2024047B)Research Foundation for Introducing High-level Talents in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region。
文摘The global energy landscape is undergoing a profound transformation,with wind energy,especially wind power,gaining increasing prominence due to its clean,renewable nature.However,as the installed capacity of wind power continues to expand,the disposal of waste wind turbine blades(WWTB)has emerged as a significant challenge.These blades are predominantly composed of epoxy resin(EP)polymers,carbon fibers(CFs),and glass fibers(GFs).Improper disposal not only exacerbates environmental concerns but also leads to the loss of valuable resources,particularly carbon-based materials.Pyrolysis technology,a versatile and environmentally sustainable method for resource recovery,has garnered considerable attention in the context of WWTB disposal.This work presents a comprehensive review of the pyrolytic recycling of WWTB,focusing on the principles and classifications of pyrolysis technology,key factors influencing the pyrolysis process,as well as the pyrolysis methods,equipment,products,and their applications.Through an in-depth analysis of the current research on the pyrolytic recycling of WWTB,this review identifies critical unresolved issues in the field and provides a forward-looking perspective on emerging research trends.
基金Supported by the China National Science and Technology Major Project on New-Type Oil and Gas Exploration and Development(2025ZD1404200,2025ZD1400800)PetroChina Science and Technology Project(2023ZZ07)。
文摘Based on the data of regional geology,seismic,drilling,logging and production performance obtained from 94 major petroliferous basins worldwide,the global coal resources were screened and statistically analyzed.Then,using established definition methods and evaluation criteria for coal-rock gas in China,and by analogy with the tectono-sedimentary and burial-thermal evolution conditions of coal rocks in sedimentary basins within China,the geological resource potential of global coal-rock gas was estimated mainly by the volume method,partly by the volumetric method in selected regions.According to the evaluation indicator system comprising 14 parameters under 5 categories and the associated scoring criteria,the target basins were ranked,and the future research targets for these basins were proposed.The results reveal that,globally,coal rocks are primarily formed in four types of swamp environments within four categories of prototype basins,and distributed across five major coal-forming periods and eight coal-accumulation belts.The total geological coal resources are estimated at approximately 42×10^(12)t,including 22×10^(12)t in the strata deeper than 1500 m.The global geological coal-rock gas resources in deep strata are roughly 232×10^(12)m^(3),of which over 90%are endowed in Russia,Canada,the United States,China and Australia,with China contributing 24%.The top 10 basins by coal-rock gas resource endowment,i.e.Alberta,Kuznetsk,Ordos,East Siberian,Bowen,West Siberian,Sichuan,South Turgay,Lena-Vilyuy and Tarim,collectively hold 75%of the global total.The Permian,Cretaceous,Carboniferous,Jurassic,and Paleogene-Neogene account for 32%,30%,18%,10%,and 7%of total coal-rock gas resources,respectively.The 10 most practical basins for future coal-rock gas exploration and development are identified as Alberta,Ordos,Kuznetsk,San Juan,Sichuan,East Siberian,Rocky Mountain,Bowen,Junggar and Qinshui.Propelled by successful development practices in China,coal-rock gas is now entering a phase of theoretical breakthrough,technological innovation,and rapid production growth,positioning it to spearhead the next wave of the global unconventional oil and gas revolution.
文摘Recently,the Internet of Things(IoT)technology has been utilized in a wide range of services and applications which significantly transforms digital ecosystems through seamless interconnectivity between various smart devices.Furthermore,the IoT plays a key role in multiple domains,including industrial automation,smart homes,and intelligent transportation systems.However,an increasing number of connected devices presents significant challenges related to efficient resource allocation and system responsiveness.To address these issue,this research proposes a Modified Walrus Optimization Algorithm(MWaOA)for effective resource management in smart IoT systems.In the proposed MWaOA,a crowding process is incorporated to maintain diversity and avoid premature convergence thereby enhancing the global search capability.During resource allocation,the MWaOA prevents early convergence,which aids in achieving a better balance between the exploration and exploitation phases during optimization.Empirical evaluations show that the MWaOA reduces energy consumption by approximately 4% to 34%and minimizes the response time by 6% to 33% across different service arrival rates.Compared to traditional optimization algorithms,MWaOA reduces energy consumption by 5% to 30%and minimizes the response time by 4% to 28% across different simulation epochs.The proposed MWaOA provides adaptive and robust resource allocation,thereby minimizing transmission cost while considering network constraints and real-time performance parameters.
文摘As part of my master’s programme in resource use and environmental science at China Agricultural University,I had the privilege of joining a study trip to the Shiyang River Basin and its surrounding areas from 17 to 21 July 2025.This trip to Gansu Province was organised under the China-Africa Joint Centre for Agricultural Demonstration and Training in Arid Regions programme,an initiative aligned with President Xi Jinping’s call for deeper China-Africa cooperation.
文摘In 2025,the global rare earth exploration and development sector achieved breakthroughs across multiple fronts.Projects advanced intensively across the Americas,Oceania,Africa,and Europe,with significant growth in resources,continuous emergence of new deposits,and strong impetus injected into the industry by technological innovation and policy support.The global rare earth resource supply pattern was further optimized (Table 1).1.Fruitful results in resource growth and new deposit discoveriesBrazil emerged as a core region for resource growth.The Colossus rare earth deposit saw a 150%increase in resources and announced its first reserve estimate.The Caldeira rare earth deposit’s resource estimate grew by 50%.The combined ore resources in the Caladão rare earth deposit’s Zones A and B reached 5.72×10~8 tonnes,with a total rare earth oxide(TREO) grade of 0.1506%,concurrently hosting 2.29×10~4tonnes of gallium metal resources.
文摘The increasing penetration of inverter-based resources(IBRs)and renewable energy resources poses significant challenges to the stability and controllability of modern power systems.Dynamic virtual power plants(DVPPs)have emerged as a transformative solution for aggregating and controlling heterogeneously distributed energy resources(DERs)flexibly and dynamically.This paper presents a comprehensive review of DVPPs,covering their conceptual evolution—from microgrids to virtual power plants(VPPs)and fast-acting VPPs—culminating in the dynamic DVPP paradigm.This review explores key architectural frameworks,including grid-forming and grid-following roles,as well as AC/DC interfacing strategies.Emphasis is placed on secondary frequency and voltage control mechanisms,dynamic-based and market-based disaggregation,and control methodologies tailored to DERs.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of the State Grid Corporation of China“Research on Comprehensive Value Evaluation Method of Flexible Adjusting Resources under Carbon-electricity-certificate Market Coupling Environment”(No.5108-202455038A-1-1-ZN).
文摘The energy transition inspired by carbon neutrality targets and the increasing threat of extreme events raise multi-objective development requirements for power systems.This paper proposes a multi-objective resource allocation model to determine the type,number and location of flexible resources to increase the values of resilience,carbon reduction and renewable energy consumption.To evaluate the values of resilience,a restoration model for transmission systems is established that considers the coordination of fossil-fuel generators,energy storage systems(ESSs)and renewable energy generators in building restoration paths.The collaborative power-carbon-tradable green certificate(TGC)market model is then applied to evaluate the resource values in terms of carbon reduction and renewable energy consumption.Finally,the model is formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming(MILP)with a nonconvex feasible domain,and the normalized normal constraint(NNC)method is applied to obtain approximate Pareto frontiers for decision makers.Case studies validate the effectiveness of the proposed model in improving multi-factor values and analyze the impact of resource regulation capacity on values of restoration and carbon reduction.
基金supported by the Gaoligong Mountain Ecological Function Enhancement and Sustainable Development Technology Research(202303AC1000120303)Gaoligong Mountain Ecological Function Enhancement and Invasive Plant Species Prevention and Control Technology Project(2022YFF130240304)National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC2602500)。
文摘Reconciling biodiversity conservation with economic advancement represents a defining challenge of the Anthropocene epoch.Although ecotourism is widely promoted as a strategy capable of delivering both environmental and developmental benefits,empirical evidence regarding its ecological and socioeconomic impacts remains limited.This study critically examined the Hide-in-Bird Pond(HIBP)model,a rapidly expanding,community-based avitourism framework in China that integrates targeted wildlife provisioning with concealed infrastructure for bird observation,simultaneously establishing a novel income source for economically marginalized rural regions through ecotourism.Semi-structured online interviews were conducted with 98 HIBP operators,and thematic analysis was applied to evaluate current developmental patterns,spatial distribution,and conservation outcomes.A total of 251 HIBP sites were identified across China,predominantly located in biodiversity-rich but economically marginalized regions.These sites collectively supported 524 bird species—36%of China's avifauna—including 148 species classified as nationally protected or threatened(38%of nationally listed bird taxa).These findings suggest that HIBP can serve as an integrative socio-ecological platform that aligns conservation objectives with sustainable rural development.However,the absence of standardized governance frameworks and ecological safeguards poses significant risks to biodiversity an d long-term sustainability.Implementation of science-based adaptive management systems,incorporating systematic biodiversity monitoring,inclusive stakeholder coordination,and certified sustainable tourism protocols,is critical to ensure ecological integrity and sectoral resilience.These findings offer novel insights into aligning conservation objectives with economic development across regions characterized by high biodiversity and persistent economic disadvantage.
基金supported by the Key Support Project of Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U24A2095).
文摘Coal serves not only as a crucial energy resource but also as a significant reservoir of critical metal elements,including Lithium(Li),Gallium(Ga),Germanium(Ge),and rare earth elements(REE).This paper provides a systematic review of the enrichment characteristics,occurrence modes,and comprehensive utilization potential of these critical metals in coal.Globally,the distribution of these metal resources exhibits significant regional heterogeneity.While the concentration in most coals falls below industrial cut-off grades,anomalous enrichment in specific coal basins results in Li,Ga,Ge,and REE concentrations far exceeding global averages,highlighting their considerable potential as unconventional metal deposits.The occurrence modes of these metals are diverse:Li is primarily hosted in mineral phases;Ga exists in inorganic,organic,and complex forms;Ge shows a strong association with organic matter;and REE are mainly present in adsorbed/isomorphic forms within clay minerals,while also displaying organic affinity.Direct extraction of metals from raw coal is often cost-prohibitive;effective recovery is therefore more feasible when integrated with coal processing.Metals are further enriched in solid wastes such as coal gangue,fly ash,and bottom ash,from which recovery is more economically and technically viable.Current comprehensive utilization primarily employs integrated mineral processing-hydrometallurgy approaches.Future research should focus on elucidating the precise occurrence forms of metals in coal and solid wastes,optimizing pre-treatment methods,and selecting effective activators and leachants.Advancing the synergistic extraction and green recovery of multiple associated resources from coal and its by-products is essential for achieving high-value,comprehensive utilization of coal-based resources.
文摘The circular economy is an innovative concept of both production and consumption.It can reduce wastage,preserve resources,and minimize environmental effects with the help of recycling,recovering resources,and extending the life of products.It works as a pathway to reduce environmental footprints by redesigning production-consumption systems.This review critically examines global circular economy strategies,policy approaches,and persistent barriers that shape environmental footprint outcomes across major sectors.Drawing on a structured narrative review and thematic synthesis,we integrate findings on key circular economy practices,Eco-design,product life extension,reuse,re-manufacturing,recycling,and resource recovery,and assess how they interact with policy instruments such as extended producer responsibility,ecodesign requirements,and waste governance reforms.The analysis highlights that reported benefits(e.g.,reduced material throughput,waste generation,and emissions)are frequently constrained by technological limitations(complex material streams,low-quality recyclate,energy-intensive processing),economic conditions(high upfront costs,weak markets for secondary materials,commodity price volatility),and institutional and behavioral factors(regulatory fragmentation,limited enforcement capacity,low consumer acceptance).We further synthesize methodological challenges in measuring“circularity”and footprint reductions,emphasizing boundary choices,rebound effects,and trade-offs such as increased energy demand or land and water pressures in bio-based substitution.By linking circular economy strategies,barriers,and outcomes in an integrative conceptual framework,the review clarifies why circular transitions often deliver partial gains and identifies leverage points for scaling effective,evidence-based policy and practice.
文摘China-Zimbabwe collaboration is creating new opportunities for innovation and development of youth Zimbabwe’s development has long faced obstacles linked to Western economic sanctions,measures that many view as unjust or unlawful.Yet,despite these constraints,Zimbabwe remains a nation rich in natural resources and endowed with a highly educated population,with its youth standing out as a particularly dynamic force.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62506054)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(Grant Nos.CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX1571,CSTB2024NSCQ-MSX1118)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(Grant Nos.KJQN202400841,KJZD-M202500804)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61976030)Chongqing Technology and Business University High-level Talent Research Initiation Project(Grant No.2256004).
文摘Metaheuristic algorithms,renowned for strong global search capabilities,are effective tools for solving complex optimization problems and show substantial potential in e-Health applications.This review provides a systematic overview of recent advancements in metaheuristic algorithms and highlights their applications in e-Health.We selected representative algorithms published between 2019 and 2024,and quantified their influence using an entropy-weighted method based on journal impact factors and citation counts.CThe Harris Hawks Optimizer(HHO)demonstrated the highest early citation impact.The study also examined applications in disease prediction models,clinical decision support,and intelligent health monitoring.Notably,the Chaotic Salp Swarm Algorithm(CSSA)achieved 99.69% accuracy in detecting Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia.Future research should progress in three directions:improving theoretical reliability and performance predictability in medical contexts;designing more adaptive and deployable mechanisms for real-world systems;and integrating ethical,privacy,and technological considerations to enable precision medicine,digital twins,and intelligent medical devices.
文摘With the accelerating aging process of China’s population,the demand for community elderly care services has shown diversified and personalized characteristics.However,problems such as insufficient total care service resources,uneven distribution,and prominent supply-demand contradictions have seriously affected service quality.Big data technology,with core advantages including data collection,analysis and mining,and accurate prediction,provides a new solution for the allocation of community elderly care service resources.This paper systematically studies the application value of big data technology in the allocation of community elderly care service resources from three aspects:resource allocation efficiency,service accuracy,and management intelligence.Combined with practical needs,it proposes optimal allocation strategies such as building a big data analysis platform and accurately grasping the elderly’s care needs,striving to provide operable path references for the construction of community elderly care service systems,promoting the early realization of the elderly care service goal of“adequate support and proper care for the elderly”,and boosting the high-quality development of China’s elderly care service industry.
文摘Water resources health diagnosis is increasingly recognized as a critical tool.It should not only guide the preservation of water volume,quality,and ecological integrity but also assess the viability of carbon-neutral development pathways.But current research tends to consider water health assessment and carbon-neutrality planning as separate endeavors,which results in imprecise boundaries,disjointed metrics,and a weak linkage between diagnostic outcomes and testable management actions.This review brings together indicator systems,diagnostic systems,and environmental management systems architectures that make it possible to have integrated water-carbon governance.We define fundamental concepts and delimiting decisions followed by the examination of indicator designs across the hydrological regime,water quality,ecological integrity,service performance,resilience,and carbon-related measures,including intensity of energy/emissions,emissions caused by the watershed process of wastewater treatment,as well as the potential sink of the watershed.We compare diagnostic methods,such as composite indices and multi-criteria decision analysis,data-driven early-warning models,process-based and integrated simulations,as well as uncertainty-aware robustness models.Here,based on this synthesis,we suggest an environmental management systems(EMS)-based pathway,which connects the setting of the baseline,the diagnosis,the design of the intervention portfolio,and the measurement-reporting-verification into the closed-loop adaptive cycle.Digital enablement,comprising Internet of Things(IoT)monitoring,remote sensing,data fusion,optimization,and digital twins,is considered a viable way of scaling implementation,subject to interoperability,validation,and model governance.Among the major gaps,there are causal attribution to outcomes,cross-scale coupling of facility emissions and basin health,propagation of uncertainty in a coupled model,and credible Measurement,Reporting,and Verification(MRV)of non-CO_(2) gases and nature-based removals.The review gives a roadmap to normalize core metrics and fast-deployable systems to protect the health of the water resources and give verifiable progress towards carbon neutrality.
基金supported by the National Level Project of China(No.KJSP2023020201)the Foundation of Science and Technology on Aerospace Flight Dynamics Laboratory of China(No.kjw6142210240202)+1 种基金the Beijing Institute of Technology Research Fund Program for Young Scholars of Chinathe Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China。
文摘In recent years,the rapid development of mega-constellations has significantly exacerbated the deterioration of the space debris environment,posing substantial and escalating threats to the safety of spacecraft.This study aims to explore the complex evolution of the space debris environment and assess the collision risks associated with spacecraft.First,a space debris environment topological network model is proposed,which incorporates interdisciplinary methods from topological networks,fluid mechanics,and spacecraft dynamics.This model enables a structured representation of the relationships among space objects and provides rapid predictions of the space debris environment.Then,a collision probability algorithm based on the topological network model is introduced.This algorithm inherits the efficiency advantages of the topological network model and has been validated for reliability through comparison with the classical ESA’s DRAMA software.Finally,based on the above models,the collision risks of constellation satellites in Low Earth Orbit(LEO)are analyzed,including both operational and deorbit processes.The study reveals that constellation satellites face a much higher risk of internal collisions with satellites from the same constellation during operations than that with other space objects.Additionally,during the satellite deorbit process,the collision risk peaks when satellites traverse the operational region of Starlink satellites.
基金co-funded by the European Union under the REFRESH-Research Excellence For REgion Sustainability and High-tech Industries project number CZ.10.03.01/00/22_003/0000048 via the Operational Programme Just Transitionsupported by the Ministry of Education,Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic conducted by VSB-Technical University of Ostrava,Czechia,under Grants SP2025/021 and SP2025/039。
文摘Practical applications of smart cities and the Internet of Things(IoT)have multiplied,posing many difficulties in network performance,dependability,and security.Concerns of accessibility,reliability,sustainability,and security too have arisen correspondingly because of the decentralized character of the smart city and IoT systems.Fog computing offers a foundation for various applications,including cognitive support,health and social services,intelligent transportation systems,and pervasive computing and communications.Fog computing can help enhance these apps'productivity and lower the end-to-end delay experienced by such time-sensitive applications.In this research,we propose a reliable and secure service delivery strategy at the network edge for smart cities.To improve the availability and dependability,along with the security of smart city applications,the approach employs a combined method uniting distributed fog servers in addition to mist servers with the help of an intrusion detection system.Simulation findings suggest a reduction of 40.3%in the delay incurred by each service request for highly dense areas and 60.6%for moderately dense environments.Furthermore,the system has low false-negative rates and high detection and accuracy rates,decreasing service requests 2%.
文摘1 General information Journal of Geographical Sciences is an international academic journal that publishes papers of the highest quality in physical geography,natural resources,environmental sciences,geographic information sciences,remote sensing and cartography.Manuscripts come from different parts of the world.
文摘1 General information Journal of Geographical Sciences is an international academic journal that publishes papers of the highest quality in physical geography,natural resources,environmental sciences,geographic information sciences,remote sensing and cartography.Manuscripts come from different parts of the world.
