It was proved in this paper that there exists a labeled resolvable block design LRB (4,3; v ) if and only if v ≡0 (mod 4) and v ≥8, with 8 possible exceptions. It was also proved that there exists a nearly Kirkman s...It was proved in this paper that there exists a labeled resolvable block design LRB (4,3; v ) if and only if v ≡0 (mod 4) and v ≥8, with 8 possible exceptions. It was also proved that there exists a nearly Kirkman system NKS (2,4; v ) if and only if v ≡0 (mod 12) and v ≥24, except possibly when v =264 or 372.展开更多
Let ARDkCS（v） denote an almost resolvable directed k-cycle system of order v. It is clear that a necessary condition for the existence of an ARDkCS（v） is v=1（mod k）. For k：3,4,5 and 6, the existence of an ARDk...Let ARDkCS（v） denote an almost resolvable directed k-cycle system of order v. It is clear that a necessary condition for the existence of an ARDkCS（v） is v=1（mod k）. For k：3,4,5 and 6, the existence of an ARDkCS （v） had been completely solved. This paper shows that there exists an ARD7CS（v） if and only if v≡1 （rood 7） and v≥8.展开更多
This paper deals with spaces such that their compactification is a resolvable space. A characterization of space such that its one point compactification (resp. Wallman compactification) is a resolvable space is given.
In this paper, we first define a doubly transitive resolvable idempotent quasigroup （DTRIQ）, and show that aDTRIQ of order v exists if and only ifv ≡0（mod3） and v ≠ 2（mod4）. Then we use DTRIQ to present a trip...In this paper, we first define a doubly transitive resolvable idempotent quasigroup （DTRIQ）, and show that aDTRIQ of order v exists if and only ifv ≡0（mod3） and v ≠ 2（mod4）. Then we use DTRIQ to present a tripling construction for large sets of resolvable directed triple systems, which improves an earlier version of tripling construction by Kang （J. Combin. Designs, 4 （1996）, 301-321）. As an application, we obtain an LRDTS（4·3^n） for any integer n ≥ 1, which provides an infinite family of even orders.展开更多
In this paper, we first introduce a special structure that allows us to construct a large set of resolvable Mendelsohn triple systems of orders 2q ＋ 2, or LRMTS（2q ＋ 2）, where q = 6t ＋ 5 is a prime power. Using a...In this paper, we first introduce a special structure that allows us to construct a large set of resolvable Mendelsohn triple systems of orders 2q ＋ 2, or LRMTS（2q ＋ 2）, where q = 6t ＋ 5 is a prime power. Using a computer, we find examples of such structure for t C T = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24}. Furthermore, by a method we introduced in [13], large set of resolvable directed triple systems with the same orders are obtained too. Finally, by the tripling construction and product construction for LRMTS and LRDTS introduced in [2, 20, 21], and by the new results for LR-design in [8], we obtain the existence for LRMTS（v）and LRDTS（v）, where v = 12（t ＋ 1） mi≥0（2.7mi＋1）mi≥0（2.13ni＋1）and t∈T,which provides more infinite family for LRMTS and LRDTS of even orders.展开更多
Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONA triple system S<sub>λ</sub>（2, 3, v）is an ordered pair （V,）, where Vis a v-set, is a collection of 3-subsets （called triples ） of V such that each pair of distinct dements of V is ...Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONA triple system S<sub>λ</sub>（2, 3, v）is an ordered pair （V,）, where Vis a v-set, is a collection of 3-subsets （called triples ） of V such that each pair of distinct dements of V is contained in exactly λ triples. An S<sub>2</sub>（2, 3, v）is called a twofold triple system.展开更多
Let X be the vertex set of Kn. A k-cycle packing of Kn is a triple （X, C, L）, where C is a collection of edge disjoint k-cycles of Kn and L is the collection of edges of Kn not belonging to any of the k-cycles in C....Let X be the vertex set of Kn. A k-cycle packing of Kn is a triple （X, C, L）, where C is a collection of edge disjoint k-cycles of Kn and L is the collection of edges of Kn not belonging to any of the k-cycles in C. A k-cycle packing （X, C, L） is called resolvable if C can be partitioned into almost parallel classes. A resolvable maximum k-cycle packing of Kn, denoted by k-RMCP（n）, is a resolvable k-cycle packing of Kn, （X, C, L）, in which the number of almost parallel classes is as large as possible. Let D（n, k） denote the number of almost parallel classes in a k-RMCP（n）. D（n, k） for k = 3, 4 has been decided. When n ≡ k （mod 2k） and k ≡1 （mod 2） or n ≡1 （mod 2k） and k e {6, 8, 10, 14} U{m： 5 ≤ m ≤ 49, m ≡1 （mod 2）}, D（n,k） also has been decided with few possible exceptions. In this paper, we shall decide D（n, 5） for all values of n ≥ 5.展开更多
Let k be any integer and k≥3. In this article it is proved that the necessary condition υ=k (mod k(k-1)) for the existence of an RB(v,k,1) is sufficient whenever u>exp{exp{k12k2}}.
Fraction repetition(FR)codes are integral in distributed storage systems(DSS)with exact repair-by-transfer,while pliable fraction repetition codes are vital for DSSs in which both the per-node storage and repetition d...Fraction repetition(FR)codes are integral in distributed storage systems(DSS)with exact repair-by-transfer,while pliable fraction repetition codes are vital for DSSs in which both the per-node storage and repetition degree can easily be adjusted simultaneously.This paper introduces a new type of pliable FR codes,called absolute balanced pliable FR(ABPFR)codes,in which the access balancing in DSS is considered.Additionally,the equivalence between pliable FR codes and resolvable transversal packings in combinatorial design theory is presented.Then constructions of pliable FR codes and ABPFR codes based on resolvable transversal packings are presented.展开更多
From October 30 to November 1,2025,Chinese President Xi Jinping traveled to the Republic of Korea(ROK)to attend the 32nd Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC)Economic Leaders’Meeting and also pay a state visit to t...From October 30 to November 1,2025,Chinese President Xi Jinping traveled to the Republic of Korea(ROK)to attend the 32nd Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC)Economic Leaders’Meeting and also pay a state visit to the country.This was Xi Jinping’s first overseas trip following the conclusion of the fourth plenary session of the 20th Communist Party of China Central Committee,underscoring its importance on China’s diplomatic agenda.展开更多
In hypersonic boundary layers,the optimal disturbance is notably caused by normalmode instabilities,such as Mack second mode.However,recent experimental and numerical efforts have demonstrated the dominance of nonmoda...In hypersonic boundary layers,the optimal disturbance is notably caused by normalmode instabilities,such as Mack second mode.However,recent experimental and numerical efforts have demonstrated the dominance of nonmodal growth in hypersonic flows with the presence of moderate nose bluntness.In this study,resolvent analysis and parabolized stability equation analysis are performed to investigate the instabilities over a blunt-tip wedge.Main parameters include Mach number 5.9,unit Reynolds number 91.5×10~6/m,half wedge angle 5°,and nose radii ranging from 2.54 mm to 15.24 mm.Two novel growth patterns of travelling waves are identified to compete,whose nature is the intersection of the energy gain of optimal and sub-optimal disturbances.Pattern A with large spanwise wavelengths has the signature of slow energy amplification over a long distance which concentrates in the entropy layer.By contrast,pattern B with relatively small spanwise wavelengths presents rapid transient growth inside the boundary layer.A systematic study is performed on the growth/attenuation mechanism of disturbance patterns and the effects of wall temperature and nose radius.Wall cooling is found to be an alternative control strategy aimed at nonmodal instabilities.The receptivity to slow acoustic waves is considered when the effect of bluntness is studied.An estimated amplitude response favorably reproduces the reversal-like phenomenon.The lift-up/Orr mechanism analysis provides an explanation of energy growth for nonmodal responses.展开更多
Nonlinear energy transfer is represented through eddy viscosity and stochastic forcing within the framework of resolvent analysis.Previous investigations estimate the contribution of eddy-viscosity-enhanced resolvent ...Nonlinear energy transfer is represented through eddy viscosity and stochastic forcing within the framework of resolvent analysis.Previous investigations estimate the contribution of eddy-viscosity-enhanced resolvent opera-tor to nonlinear energy transfer.The present article estimates the contribution of stochastic forcing to nonlinear energy transfer and demonstrates that the contribution of stochastic forcing cannot be ignored.These results are achieved by numerically comparing the eddy-viscosity-enhanced resolvent operator and stochastic forcing with nonlinear energy transfer in turbulent channel flows.Furthermore,the numerical results indicate that composite resolvent operators can improve the prediction of nonlinear energy transfer.展开更多
Heterogeneous catalysis on solid surfaces provides high-value chemicals and is involved in a large fraction of the world’s economic productivity,yet our understanding of this important class of processes remains limi...Heterogeneous catalysis on solid surfaces provides high-value chemicals and is involved in a large fraction of the world’s economic productivity,yet our understanding of this important class of processes remains limited.Thermal reaction rates obtained from experiments on mod-el catalysts provide quantitative data that can reveal reaction mechanisms and provide benchmarks for computational simulations of catalytic processes.This perspective describes a critical advance in measuring these rates:velocity resolved kinetics(VRK).VRK delivers ab-solute rates for elementary surface reactions that are of sufficient accuracy that they may be meaningfully compared to theoretical rate predictions,creating a powerful synergy between theory and experiment.It is now routinely possible to derive fundamental thermochemical quantities,including desorption and adsorption energies,reaction barrier heights,diffusion barrier heights,and lateral adsorbate interaction energies.Reaction mechanisms can also be revealed and reaction intermediates directly detected.The high time resolution of VRK al-lows study of catalytic reactions at the high temperatures typical of conditions present in real catalytic reactors.Current work exploiting the newest and by far the most powerful variant of VRK has only scratched the surface of what is possible,signifying a promising future for re-searchers in this field.展开更多
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis(GPA)poses significant therapeutic challenges due to its susceptibility to concurrent infections and frequent relapses.Professor SHI Zaixiang proposed the therapeutic theory of lifting ...Granulomatosis with polyangiitis(GPA)poses significant therapeutic challenges due to its susceptibility to concurrent infections and frequent relapses.Professor SHI Zaixiang proposed the therapeutic theory of lifting depression and removing blood stasis,resolving phlegm and dispelling nodulation for GPA management.He identified the core pathogenesis as“Qi collapse with collateral obstruction and phlegm-stasis intermingling”,establishing the treatment principle of comprehensive intervention through ascending ancestral Qi,activating blood circulation,and resolving phlegm-stasis nodules.In clinical practice,Professor SHI emphasizes maintaining immune homeostasis with herbal medicine to enhance efficiency,while dynamically balancing Qi,blood,Yin,and Yang.Notably,he highlights the critical role of emotional factors in autoimmune disease progression.A representative case was provided to elucidate his clinical reasoning in GPA treatment.展开更多
文摘It was proved in this paper that there exists a labeled resolvable block design LRB (4,3; v ) if and only if v ≡0 (mod 4) and v ≥8, with 8 possible exceptions. It was also proved that there exists a nearly Kirkman system NKS (2,4; v ) if and only if v ≡0 (mod 12) and v ≥24, except possibly when v =264 or 372.
基金Natural Science Research Leading Item ofJiangsu (No.04 DJ110144) Natural Out-standing Younger Science Foundation(No.60225007)and Postdoctoral ScienceFoundation of China(No.20020248024)
文摘Let ARDkCS（v） denote an almost resolvable directed k-cycle system of order v. It is clear that a necessary condition for the existence of an ARDkCS（v） is v=1（mod k）. For k：3,4,5 and 6, the existence of an ARDkCS （v） had been completely solved. This paper shows that there exists an ARD7CS（v） if and only if v≡1 （rood 7） and v≥8.
文摘This paper deals with spaces such that their compactification is a resolvable space. A characterization of space such that its one point compactification (resp. Wallman compactification) is a resolvable space is given.
文摘In this paper, we first define a doubly transitive resolvable idempotent quasigroup （DTRIQ）, and show that aDTRIQ of order v exists if and only ifv ≡0（mod3） and v ≠ 2（mod4）. Then we use DTRIQ to present a tripling construction for large sets of resolvable directed triple systems, which improves an earlier version of tripling construction by Kang （J. Combin. Designs, 4 （1996）, 301-321）. As an application, we obtain an LRDTS（4·3^n） for any integer n ≥ 1, which provides an infinite family of even orders.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10671055)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei(No.A2007000230)
文摘In this paper, we first introduce a special structure that allows us to construct a large set of resolvable Mendelsohn triple systems of orders 2q ＋ 2, or LRMTS（2q ＋ 2）, where q = 6t ＋ 5 is a prime power. Using a computer, we find examples of such structure for t C T = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24}. Furthermore, by a method we introduced in [13], large set of resolvable directed triple systems with the same orders are obtained too. Finally, by the tripling construction and product construction for LRMTS and LRDTS introduced in [2, 20, 21], and by the new results for LR-design in [8], we obtain the existence for LRMTS（v）and LRDTS（v）, where v = 12（t ＋ 1） mi≥0（2.7mi＋1）mi≥0（2.13ni＋1）and t∈T,which provides more infinite family for LRMTS and LRDTS of even orders.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Ⅰ. INTRODUCTIONA triple system S<sub>λ</sub>（2, 3, v）is an ordered pair （V,）, where Vis a v-set, is a collection of 3-subsets （called triples ） of V such that each pair of distinct dements of V is contained in exactly λ triples. An S<sub>2</sub>（2, 3, v）is called a twofold triple system.
文摘Let X be the vertex set of Kn. A k-cycle packing of Kn is a triple （X, C, L）, where C is a collection of edge disjoint k-cycles of Kn and L is the collection of edges of Kn not belonging to any of the k-cycles in C. A k-cycle packing （X, C, L） is called resolvable if C can be partitioned into almost parallel classes. A resolvable maximum k-cycle packing of Kn, denoted by k-RMCP（n）, is a resolvable k-cycle packing of Kn, （X, C, L）, in which the number of almost parallel classes is as large as possible. Let D（n, k） denote the number of almost parallel classes in a k-RMCP（n）. D（n, k） for k = 3, 4 has been decided. When n ≡ k （mod 2k） and k ≡1 （mod 2） or n ≡1 （mod 2k） and k e {6, 8, 10, 14} U{m： 5 ≤ m ≤ 49, m ≡1 （mod 2）}, D（n,k） also has been decided with few possible exceptions. In this paper, we shall decide D（n, 5） for all values of n ≥ 5.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.19701002) HuoYingdong Foundation.
文摘Let k be any integer and k≥3. In this article it is proved that the necessary condition υ=k (mod k(k-1)) for the existence of an RB(v,k,1) is sufficient whenever u>exp{exp{k12k2}}.
基金Supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2020YFA0712300)NSFC(No.61872353)。
文摘Fraction repetition(FR)codes are integral in distributed storage systems(DSS)with exact repair-by-transfer,while pliable fraction repetition codes are vital for DSSs in which both the per-node storage and repetition degree can easily be adjusted simultaneously.This paper introduces a new type of pliable FR codes,called absolute balanced pliable FR(ABPFR)codes,in which the access balancing in DSS is considered.Additionally,the equivalence between pliable FR codes and resolvable transversal packings in combinatorial design theory is presented.Then constructions of pliable FR codes and ABPFR codes based on resolvable transversal packings are presented.
文摘From October 30 to November 1,2025,Chinese President Xi Jinping traveled to the Republic of Korea(ROK)to attend the 32nd Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC)Economic Leaders’Meeting and also pay a state visit to the country.This was Xi Jinping’s first overseas trip following the conclusion of the fourth plenary session of the 20th Communist Party of China Central Committee,underscoring its importance on China’s diplomatic agenda.
基金supported by the Hong Kong Research Grants Council(Nos.15216621,15204322,25203721)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12102377)。
文摘In hypersonic boundary layers,the optimal disturbance is notably caused by normalmode instabilities,such as Mack second mode.However,recent experimental and numerical efforts have demonstrated the dominance of nonmodal growth in hypersonic flows with the presence of moderate nose bluntness.In this study,resolvent analysis and parabolized stability equation analysis are performed to investigate the instabilities over a blunt-tip wedge.Main parameters include Mach number 5.9,unit Reynolds number 91.5×10~6/m,half wedge angle 5°,and nose radii ranging from 2.54 mm to 15.24 mm.Two novel growth patterns of travelling waves are identified to compete,whose nature is the intersection of the energy gain of optimal and sub-optimal disturbances.Pattern A with large spanwise wavelengths has the signature of slow energy amplification over a long distance which concentrates in the entropy layer.By contrast,pattern B with relatively small spanwise wavelengths presents rapid transient growth inside the boundary layer.A systematic study is performed on the growth/attenuation mechanism of disturbance patterns and the effects of wall temperature and nose radius.Wall cooling is found to be an alternative control strategy aimed at nonmodal instabilities.The receptivity to slow acoustic waves is considered when the effect of bluntness is studied.An estimated amplitude response favorably reproduces the reversal-like phenomenon.The lift-up/Orr mechanism analysis provides an explanation of energy growth for nonmodal responses.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Basic Science Center Program for Multiscale Problems in Nonlinear Mechanics(Grant No.11988102).
文摘Nonlinear energy transfer is represented through eddy viscosity and stochastic forcing within the framework of resolvent analysis.Previous investigations estimate the contribution of eddy-viscosity-enhanced resolvent opera-tor to nonlinear energy transfer.The present article estimates the contribution of stochastic forcing to nonlinear energy transfer and demonstrates that the contribution of stochastic forcing cannot be ignored.These results are achieved by numerically comparing the eddy-viscosity-enhanced resolvent operator and stochastic forcing with nonlinear energy transfer in turbulent channel flows.Furthermore,the numerical results indicate that composite resolvent operators can improve the prediction of nonlinear energy transfer.
基金support from the Alexander von Humboldt foundationsupport from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22473077)+2 种基金support from the BENCh graduate school,funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)389479699/GRK2455support from the European Research Council(ERC)under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme grant agreement No.[833404]support from CRC 1633 Proton Coupled Electron Transfer,Project C02。
文摘Heterogeneous catalysis on solid surfaces provides high-value chemicals and is involved in a large fraction of the world’s economic productivity,yet our understanding of this important class of processes remains limited.Thermal reaction rates obtained from experiments on mod-el catalysts provide quantitative data that can reveal reaction mechanisms and provide benchmarks for computational simulations of catalytic processes.This perspective describes a critical advance in measuring these rates:velocity resolved kinetics(VRK).VRK delivers ab-solute rates for elementary surface reactions that are of sufficient accuracy that they may be meaningfully compared to theoretical rate predictions,creating a powerful synergy between theory and experiment.It is now routinely possible to derive fundamental thermochemical quantities,including desorption and adsorption energies,reaction barrier heights,diffusion barrier heights,and lateral adsorbate interaction energies.Reaction mechanisms can also be revealed and reaction intermediates directly detected.The high time resolution of VRK al-lows study of catalytic reactions at the high temperatures typical of conditions present in real catalytic reactors.Current work exploiting the newest and by far the most powerful variant of VRK has only scratched the surface of what is possible,signifying a promising future for re-searchers in this field.
基金supported by the Seventh Batch of National Academic Experience Inheritance Project for Senior TCM Experts from the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.GZYRJS[2022]76)the Sixth Batch of Beijing Municipal Academic Experience Inheritance Project for TCM Experts from Beijing Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.JZYKZ[2019]139).
文摘Granulomatosis with polyangiitis(GPA)poses significant therapeutic challenges due to its susceptibility to concurrent infections and frequent relapses.Professor SHI Zaixiang proposed the therapeutic theory of lifting depression and removing blood stasis,resolving phlegm and dispelling nodulation for GPA management.He identified the core pathogenesis as“Qi collapse with collateral obstruction and phlegm-stasis intermingling”,establishing the treatment principle of comprehensive intervention through ascending ancestral Qi,activating blood circulation,and resolving phlegm-stasis nodules.In clinical practice,Professor SHI emphasizes maintaining immune homeostasis with herbal medicine to enhance efficiency,while dynamically balancing Qi,blood,Yin,and Yang.Notably,he highlights the critical role of emotional factors in autoimmune disease progression.A representative case was provided to elucidate his clinical reasoning in GPA treatment.
