Learning-based methods have become mainstream for solving residential energy scheduling problems. In order to improve the learning efficiency of existing methods and increase the utilization of renewable energy, we pr...Learning-based methods have become mainstream for solving residential energy scheduling problems. In order to improve the learning efficiency of existing methods and increase the utilization of renewable energy, we propose the Dyna actiondependent heuristic dynamic programming(Dyna-ADHDP)method, which incorporates the ideas of learning and planning from the Dyna framework in action-dependent heuristic dynamic programming. This method defines a continuous action space for precise control of an energy storage system and allows online optimization of algorithm performance during the real-time operation of the residential energy model. Meanwhile, the target network is introduced during the training process to make the training smoother and more efficient. We conducted experimental comparisons with the benchmark method using simulated and real data to verify its applicability and performance. The results confirm the method's excellent performance and generalization capabilities, as well as its excellence in increasing renewable energy utilization and extending equipment life.展开更多
Preserving the spirit of a historical environment does not necessarily mean a repetition of its language generated by nostalgia.The aim of this article is to present the way I was trying to form a real dialogue betwee...Preserving the spirit of a historical environment does not necessarily mean a repetition of its language generated by nostalgia.The aim of this article is to present the way I was trying to form a real dialogue between a new modern residential building and the existing historic urban district of the city of Tel Aviv,neither by reconstructing the past nor dissociating from it by enforcing a completely new order.A district that already provided a unique interface between Eastern and Western architecture,being a micro-document of the architectural history of Tel Aviv from 1920 to 1930.展开更多
This study presents an emission inventory for 2022,focusing on assessing the emissions of PM_(2.5),PM_(10),NO_(x),SO_(2),CO,and VOC from India's road transport,residential,and thermal power sectors.Road transport ...This study presents an emission inventory for 2022,focusing on assessing the emissions of PM_(2.5),PM_(10),NO_(x),SO_(2),CO,and VOC from India's road transport,residential,and thermal power sectors.Road transport emissions were estimated using a vehicle kilometer traveled methodology derived from a survey of 200,000 vehicles.A regression analysis was conducted to assess residential fuel usage,considering recent changes in consumption patterns and updated data on cleaner fuels.Estimates for the thermal power sector were based on emission monitoring data.The residential sector is the predominant source of PM_(2.5)(1112 kt),PM_(10)(1678 kt),CO(10630 kt),and VOC(2558 kt).The thermal power sector is the predominant source of secondary air pollutant precursors such as NO_(x)(2328 kt)and SO_(2)(4694 kt).India has the highest emission intensity per gross domestic product(GDP)across sectors compared to other countries.For example,PM_(2.5)emissions per GDP from the roads in India are 14,21,and 10 times that of those in China,the USA,and Europe.The southern(29%),eastern(30%),and central(36%)regions were the notable contributors to emissions from transport,residential,and thermal power sectors.Urban areas contributed 5%of the total residential sector emissions across India but 25%of the total road transport sector emissions nationwide.Moreover,power plants within or near the non-attainment cities were responsible for 12%of the overall thermal power pollution recorded across India.The study identifies unequal emission burdens,with economically disadvantaged regions bearing the brunt.展开更多
Effective thermal management is paramount for successfully deploying lithium-ion batteries in residential settings as storage systems for the exploitation of renewable sources.Uncontrolled temperature increases within...Effective thermal management is paramount for successfully deploying lithium-ion batteries in residential settings as storage systems for the exploitation of renewable sources.Uncontrolled temperature increases within battery packs can lead to critical issues such as cell overheating,potentially culminating in thermal runaway events and,in extreme cases,leading to fire or explosions.Thiswork presents a comprehensive numerical thermalmodel of a battery pack made of prototype pouch cells based on lithium ferrophosphate(LFP)chemistry.The multi-physical model is specifically developed to investigate real-world operating scenarios and to assess safety considerations.The considered energy storage system is a battery designed for residential applications,in its integration with a photovoltaic(PV)installation.The actual electrochemical behavior of the prototype cell during the charging and discharging processes is modeled and validated on the ground of experimental data.The essential steps leading to the numerical schematization of the battery pack are then presented to apply themodel to two different use scenarios,differing for the user loads.The first scenario corresponds to a typical residential load,with standby lights being active during the night,solar generation with its peak at noon,and appliance use shifting in the afternoon and the evening.In the second scenario,a double demand for energy is present thatmakes the battery never reach 100%of the State of Charge(SoC)and dischargemore rapidly with respect to what occurs under the first scenario.Comparing the simulated temperature with the assumed C-rate,namely the charge or discharge current divided by the battery nominal capacity,it is found that peaks coincide with the charging phase;subsequently,the current tends to a zero value,and consequently,the temperature suddenly reaches the value of the environment.Finally,the model is also utilized to simulate a condition of thermal runaway by introducing critical conditions within a specific pouch cell.In this simulation,the thermal exchange between the cell in thermal runaway and the rest of the system remains within acceptable limits.This occurs due to the short duration of the process and to the module casing coated with an insulating material.The work provides an essential foundation for conducting numerical simulations of battery packs operating also at higher power levels.展开更多
Vehicle electrification,an important method for reducing carbon emissions from road transport,has been promoted globally.In this study,we analyze how individuals adapt to this transition in transportation and its subs...Vehicle electrification,an important method for reducing carbon emissions from road transport,has been promoted globally.In this study,we analyze how individuals adapt to this transition in transportation and its subsequent impact on urban structure.Considering the varying travel costs associated with electric and fuel vehicles,we analyze the dynamic choices of households concerning house locations and vehicle types in a two-dimensional monocentric city.A spatial equilibrium is developed to model the interactions between urban density,vehicle age and vehicle type.An agent-based microeconomic residential choice model dynamically coupled with a house rent market is developed to analyze household choices of home locations and vehicle energy types,considering vehicle ages and competition for public charging piles.Key findings from our proposed models show that the proportion of electric vehicles(EVs)peaks at over 50%by the end of the first scrappage period,accompanied by more than a 40%increase in commuting distance and time compared to the scenario with only fuel vehicles.Simulation experiments on a theoretical grid indicate that heterogeneity-induced residential segregation can lead to urban sprawl and congestion.Furthermore,households with EVs tend to be located farther from the city center,and an increase in EV ownership contributes to urban expansion.Our study provides insights into how individuals adapt to EV transitions and the resulting impacts on home locations and land use changes.It offers a novel perspective on the dynamic interactions between EV adoption and urban development.展开更多
Despite government incentives,developers are reluctant to invest in green building initiatives due to their perceived extra costs-in particular additional consultant and construction implementation costs.This paper ex...Despite government incentives,developers are reluctant to invest in green building initiatives due to their perceived extra costs-in particular additional consultant and construction implementation costs.This paper examines the issues preventing the integration of Green Building Index(GBI)consultancy with residential building development in the Malaysian construction industry.Following a literature review of the challenges involving GBI consultancy at the early stage of green residential development,a semi-structured interview method was used to elicit opinion on perceived barriers to integrating the GBI process from 30 interviewees;mainly developers,GBI consultants,building consultants and regulators in the Malaysian construction industry with involvement in green building.The study found that a lack of communication between design team members and GBI consultants was a major barrier.This reduced the opportunity for a more collaborative effort to minimise costs and wastage during the design stages.Lack of insight into the impact of integrating the GBI consultancy into design process within the project time frames was evident.Effective coordination is necessary if the involvement of GBI consultants,particularly at early design stage,is to be successfully managed.It is recommended that work coordination among design team members and GBI consultants needs periodic review.展开更多
With the acceleration of urban and rural development,the problem of rural idle residential land has become increasingly prominent,and its effective revitalization and utilization is of great significance for optimizin...With the acceleration of urban and rural development,the problem of rural idle residential land has become increasingly prominent,and its effective revitalization and utilization is of great significance for optimizing the allocation of land resources and promoting the sustainable development of rural economy.Based on the performance evaluation of the revitalization and utilization of rural idle residential land in previous studies,this paper discusses the theoretical framework and method system of the current evaluation system.This study first defines the concept connotations of rural idle residential land and their revitalization and utilization.It then summarizes the progress of domestic and international research on performance evaluation,and sorts out and explores the existing relevant research methods for land performance performance by domestic scholars,thereby making the reflective summary of the performance evaluation on the revitalization and utilization of rural idle residential land,and pointing out the possible future research direction.展开更多
Summer residential tourism is the future trend in China because of tourists’living quality improvement,heat crisis,rising market demand,and optimization of the destinations’residential environment,transport and acce...Summer residential tourism is the future trend in China because of tourists’living quality improvement,heat crisis,rising market demand,and optimization of the destinations’residential environment,transport and accessibility.Compared with summer tourism and vacation tourism,summer residential tourism had got less attention and lacks in prospective and preventive research.Hence,this study focused on potential assessment,pattern recognition and phase segmentation of 32 residential tourism destinations in China selected from 4 lists.An index system of 16 indicators from 5 dimensions was established as Summer Residence Index(SRI),and Range method,Entropy weight method and Composite index method were chosen as the core methods.Three main conclusions were as follows.(1)Only 2 typical districts’SRI value were near to 0.6,and 4 destinations were below 0.1,about 26 destinations were at medium-level,which indicated that China’s summer residential tourism was not so popular and only few destinations have stepped into a higher level.(2)Seven patterns could be recognized based on the contribution of the 5 dimensions to SRI value,including 3 single-factor driven patterns and 4 compound factors driven patterns.(3)Like tourist area life cycle(TALC),Unconscious stage,Initial stage,Developmental stage and Maturity stage could be segmented for summer residential destinations with the value of below 0.1,0.1-0.3,0.3-0.5,and above 0.5.Four destinations were under Unconscious stage.Twenty-two destinations were at initiate stage.Only 4 destinations have stepped into development stage and 2 at maturity stage.China’summer residential tourism has just started and has a better prospect.This study is just an attempt and needs further consideration,for example,a tracking study of SRI calculation for each year will be carried to justify the effectiveness of SRI and to check the rationality of the empirical results.As time goes on,policies in housing,residential estate and other aspects should be included as a factor in the SRI index.Data availability should be optimized because of better data sources and new technologies.Some other districts or cities in 2 batches of national Comprehensive Tourism Demonstration Zones(CTDZs)pilots and provincial CTDZs will be further selections of summer residential tourism destinations.展开更多
Based on the present situation of plant landscape in residential areas, this study aimed to analyze the development trend, deficiencies in constructing landscape environment and the basic designing principles, and put...Based on the present situation of plant landscape in residential areas, this study aimed to analyze the development trend, deficiencies in constructing landscape environment and the basic designing principles, and put forward corresponding countermeasures.展开更多
To improve China＇s residential environment evaluation system and enhance its guiding role, current research results are analyzed and summarized from three aspects including research scales, evaluation methods and app...To improve China＇s residential environment evaluation system and enhance its guiding role, current research results are analyzed and summarized from three aspects including research scales, evaluation methods and applied technology by means of comparison, induction and empirical application. The guiding role of the current macro-scale evaluation system of urban planning and construction is generally not obvious, whereas the guiding role of medium and micro-scale systems to the improvement of residential environments is improving. There are diversified methods for determining the threshold values and the weights of indices in China＇s evaluation system. For instance, the analytic hierarchy process（AHP） method is adopted to determine the weights of indices. The advantages and disadvantages of the method are analyzed on the basis of empirical calculation. In the course of comprehensive analyses, a nonlinear model can reflect interactions among indices more than a linear model; the evaluation model under the ARCGIS platform prevails since it combines space and attribute, and it has intuitive results. So far, the methodological system of China＇s residential environment evaluation has not been established; its subject coverage and research category should be expanded, and its guiding role should be enhanced.展开更多
Using innovative information means to form the digital management sys- tem of rural residential land is the key point to solve the difficult and hot issues in rural residential land management. In view of the diversit...Using innovative information means to form the digital management sys- tem of rural residential land is the key point to solve the difficult and hot issues in rural residential land management. In view of the diversity, large quantity, and preservation with paper of rural residential land data, a new method for automatic cutting and classification of digital images based on the image data source and us- ing the image processing algorithm and Python programming was proposed in order to achieve rapid and accurate collection and digital storage of rural residential land cadastral data. Using this method, digital image automatic cutting and classification were realized, and the efficiency and accuracy of this method was validated by comparing with the non-support free shooting method and manual image process- ing. The experimental results showed that the efficiency of the data acquisition of the fixed shooting method was 4.24 times of that of the non-support free shooting method with the accuracy rate increasing by 7.1%, and the efficiency of automatic image processing was 35 times of that of manual processing. Based on rapid and accuracy data acquisition, this method realized the automatic processing of digital images, which provided a reference for the research of informatization technology of the whole rural residential land data and has the value of popularization and appli- cation.展开更多
Currently,energy saving design has been conducted on single building but not on the whole residential community in urban and rural areas.So,the paper has proposed energy saving measures for residential planning from t...Currently,energy saving design has been conducted on single building but not on the whole residential community in urban and rural areas.So,the paper has proposed energy saving measures for residential planning from the perspective of site selection and layout of buildings.Specific measures are as follows.Firstly,buildings should be constructed on the sunny side and leeside;secondly,buildings on the south should be lower than those on the north;the east side of the building should be open while the west side should be closed;thirdly,climate protection unit should be set;fourthly,buildings should be of northsouth direction primarily,and the main room should be set on the east side and the assistant rooms or passage on the west side in the buildings of east-west direction;fifthly,it should select compact and wellarranged households and the units should not be combined in point and dislocation and jointing.展开更多
Questionnaire surveys and subjective evaluations on residential environment were performed in order to grasp the main factors of residential environment of small local cities. The suitable evaluation index system was ...Questionnaire surveys and subjective evaluations on residential environment were performed in order to grasp the main factors of residential environment of small local cities. The suitable evaluation index system was established, and the regional residential environment characteristics and personal residential preference types were analyzed, so that their influence on residential environment evaluation could be grasped. The results can be applied to the residential environment planning, construction and monitoring of local cities.展开更多
By combining with the design concepts of communication spaces,living rooms and landscape ecology in Yijing Residential Quarter,Hefei City,Anhui Province,this study analyzes the particularity of residential environment...By combining with the design concepts of communication spaces,living rooms and landscape ecology in Yijing Residential Quarter,Hefei City,Anhui Province,this study analyzes the particularity of residential environment design,and elaborates the author's design concepts,to create a comfortable and ideal living space.展开更多
According to the analysis of the specific condition of green space of residential area in Liuzhou,effective suggestions to the design,cultivation and maintenance were put forward.
Based on SPOT5 satellite remote sensing images and land use data in five time phases covering the period 1988–2012, the distribution characteristics, spatial differentiation processes, and driving mechanisms affectin...Based on SPOT5 satellite remote sensing images and land use data in five time phases covering the period 1988–2012, the distribution characteristics, spatial differentiation processes, and driving mechanisms affecting the residential land of the Jinshitan Tourist Resort were studied. The work included a combination of GIS technology, adoption of the differentiation index D, and the multi-group differentiation-measure model D(m). The results provided a basis for the following conclusions: 1) From 1988 to 2012, the degree of differentiation of the rural residential land first decreased, and then increased. The general residential, commercial residential and garden-house land-types all showed declining trends, of which the garden-house type presented the most intense volatility. 2) The overall background of the traditional residential land type was gradually replaced by a new residential land type, and the total area of residential land increased year by year, significantly improving the overall residential conditions. The areas of the new residential land type showed growth, and were increasingly widely distributed in the coastal tourist resorts, transportation corridors, and scenic areas. 3) Government policy, social differentiation, market mechanisms, and individual choices(along with other factors) were mutually promoted, although still restrained. However, all of these factors interacted to constrain the developmental direction and the processes affecting tourism real estate in the Dalian Jinshitan Tourist Resort.展开更多
This paper explained natural condition and cultural background of "Lanting Shanshui"(landscape surrounding Orchid Pavilion) residential area,discussed the guiding ideology and principle of the programming of...This paper explained natural condition and cultural background of "Lanting Shanshui"(landscape surrounding Orchid Pavilion) residential area,discussed the guiding ideology and principle of the programming of landscape environment.In this design,modern architectural form and materials would be combined with Chinese cultural tradition of "pursuit of natural landscape" in the whole residential area,with everything based on people and nature,entrusting landscape with thoughts and cultural connotation.In addition,macroscopically,in the perspective of overall environmental landscape system and landscaping dynamic index,the author analyzed the overall layout of landscapes;and microscopically,the author described in detail the road,pavement,public rest facilities,marks and some other hard facilities,and landscaping plants(including grouping greening,road greening and public greening),waterscape and other soft facilities of landscape designing.展开更多
As the traditional methods and technical means cannot meet the quantitative research needs of the urban land use patterns, quantitative research methods for the urban land use pattern are established via the GIS （geo...As the traditional methods and technical means cannot meet the quantitative research needs of the urban land use patterns, quantitative research methods for the urban land use pattern are established via the GIS （geographic information system ） technique combined with the related theories and models. Taking the city of Nanjing as an example, a spatial database of urban land use and other environmental and socio-economic data is constructed. A multiple linear regression model is developed to determine the statistically significant factors affecting the residential land use distributions. To explain the spatial variations of urban land use patterns, the geographically weighted regression （GWR） is employed to establish spatial associations between these significant factors and the distribution of urban residential land use. The results demonstrate that the GWR can provide an effective approach to the exploration of the urban land use spatial patterns and also provide useful spatial information for planning residential development and other types of urban land use.展开更多
After analysis of location feature of the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River and its construction of urban and rural integration,the paper pointed out harmonious combination between natural and artificial factors...After analysis of location feature of the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River and its construction of urban and rural integration,the paper pointed out harmonious combination between natural and artificial factors had been neglected in planning and design of farmers' residential area at the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River,"regional characteristic" losing,residential area in the form of "city community" and buildings in European style.In view of these problems,relevant planning and design thoughts and methods had been proposed as to how to create "regional characteristic" from the perspective of planning,architecture and landscape design.It discussed with emphasis the importance of construction base type and combination of environment with residential area construction;inspirations and design methods obtained from traditional architectures;and the content of landscape overall planning and specific design.It was hoped to enlighten designers to shoulder social and historical responsibility,make exploration unremittingly,and construct beautiful homelands for people.展开更多
Application of flower border in Senlinyicheng Residential District(or Leisure Forest City) was investigated and analyzed.The results showed that(a) there are 18 flower border species of 11 families,and 16 of them are ...Application of flower border in Senlinyicheng Residential District(or Leisure Forest City) was investigated and analyzed.The results showed that(a) there are 18 flower border species of 11 families,and 16 of them are perennial and bulbous flower species,accounting for 88.9% of the total;(b) flowering season lasts from April to the late October;(c) flower borders are colorful and dominated by large lumps of colors;(d) there are 3 major types:forest edge flower border,roadside flower border and waterfront flower border.Meanwhile,problems of flower border in the study district were summarized as poor sustainability,poor landscape effects in early spring,autumn and winter,monotonous landscapes and ineffective management.Correspondingly,countermeasures were given as enhancing the sustainability of flower border landscapes,improving landscape effects in early spring,autumn and winter,applying more species with better cold and stress resistance.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFB4709100,2021YFE0206100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62073321)+1 种基金the National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program(JCKY2019203C029)the Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR,China(0015/2020/AMJ)
文摘Learning-based methods have become mainstream for solving residential energy scheduling problems. In order to improve the learning efficiency of existing methods and increase the utilization of renewable energy, we propose the Dyna actiondependent heuristic dynamic programming(Dyna-ADHDP)method, which incorporates the ideas of learning and planning from the Dyna framework in action-dependent heuristic dynamic programming. This method defines a continuous action space for precise control of an energy storage system and allows online optimization of algorithm performance during the real-time operation of the residential energy model. Meanwhile, the target network is introduced during the training process to make the training smoother and more efficient. We conducted experimental comparisons with the benchmark method using simulated and real data to verify its applicability and performance. The results confirm the method's excellent performance and generalization capabilities, as well as its excellence in increasing renewable energy utilization and extending equipment life.
文摘Preserving the spirit of a historical environment does not necessarily mean a repetition of its language generated by nostalgia.The aim of this article is to present the way I was trying to form a real dialogue between a new modern residential building and the existing historic urban district of the city of Tel Aviv,neither by reconstructing the past nor dissociating from it by enforcing a completely new order.A district that already provided a unique interface between Eastern and Western architecture,being a micro-document of the architectural history of Tel Aviv from 1920 to 1930.
文摘This study presents an emission inventory for 2022,focusing on assessing the emissions of PM_(2.5),PM_(10),NO_(x),SO_(2),CO,and VOC from India's road transport,residential,and thermal power sectors.Road transport emissions were estimated using a vehicle kilometer traveled methodology derived from a survey of 200,000 vehicles.A regression analysis was conducted to assess residential fuel usage,considering recent changes in consumption patterns and updated data on cleaner fuels.Estimates for the thermal power sector were based on emission monitoring data.The residential sector is the predominant source of PM_(2.5)(1112 kt),PM_(10)(1678 kt),CO(10630 kt),and VOC(2558 kt).The thermal power sector is the predominant source of secondary air pollutant precursors such as NO_(x)(2328 kt)and SO_(2)(4694 kt).India has the highest emission intensity per gross domestic product(GDP)across sectors compared to other countries.For example,PM_(2.5)emissions per GDP from the roads in India are 14,21,and 10 times that of those in China,the USA,and Europe.The southern(29%),eastern(30%),and central(36%)regions were the notable contributors to emissions from transport,residential,and thermal power sectors.Urban areas contributed 5%of the total residential sector emissions across India but 25%of the total road transport sector emissions nationwide.Moreover,power plants within or near the non-attainment cities were responsible for 12%of the overall thermal power pollution recorded across India.The study identifies unequal emission burdens,with economically disadvantaged regions bearing the brunt.
文摘Effective thermal management is paramount for successfully deploying lithium-ion batteries in residential settings as storage systems for the exploitation of renewable sources.Uncontrolled temperature increases within battery packs can lead to critical issues such as cell overheating,potentially culminating in thermal runaway events and,in extreme cases,leading to fire or explosions.Thiswork presents a comprehensive numerical thermalmodel of a battery pack made of prototype pouch cells based on lithium ferrophosphate(LFP)chemistry.The multi-physical model is specifically developed to investigate real-world operating scenarios and to assess safety considerations.The considered energy storage system is a battery designed for residential applications,in its integration with a photovoltaic(PV)installation.The actual electrochemical behavior of the prototype cell during the charging and discharging processes is modeled and validated on the ground of experimental data.The essential steps leading to the numerical schematization of the battery pack are then presented to apply themodel to two different use scenarios,differing for the user loads.The first scenario corresponds to a typical residential load,with standby lights being active during the night,solar generation with its peak at noon,and appliance use shifting in the afternoon and the evening.In the second scenario,a double demand for energy is present thatmakes the battery never reach 100%of the State of Charge(SoC)and dischargemore rapidly with respect to what occurs under the first scenario.Comparing the simulated temperature with the assumed C-rate,namely the charge or discharge current divided by the battery nominal capacity,it is found that peaks coincide with the charging phase;subsequently,the current tends to a zero value,and consequently,the temperature suddenly reaches the value of the environment.Finally,the model is also utilized to simulate a condition of thermal runaway by introducing critical conditions within a specific pouch cell.In this simulation,the thermal exchange between the cell in thermal runaway and the rest of the system remains within acceptable limits.This occurs due to the short duration of the process and to the module casing coated with an insulating material.The work provides an essential foundation for conducting numerical simulations of battery packs operating also at higher power levels.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(72288101,72361137002,and 72101018)the Dutch Research Council(NWO Grant 482.22.01).
文摘Vehicle electrification,an important method for reducing carbon emissions from road transport,has been promoted globally.In this study,we analyze how individuals adapt to this transition in transportation and its subsequent impact on urban structure.Considering the varying travel costs associated with electric and fuel vehicles,we analyze the dynamic choices of households concerning house locations and vehicle types in a two-dimensional monocentric city.A spatial equilibrium is developed to model the interactions between urban density,vehicle age and vehicle type.An agent-based microeconomic residential choice model dynamically coupled with a house rent market is developed to analyze household choices of home locations and vehicle energy types,considering vehicle ages and competition for public charging piles.Key findings from our proposed models show that the proportion of electric vehicles(EVs)peaks at over 50%by the end of the first scrappage period,accompanied by more than a 40%increase in commuting distance and time compared to the scenario with only fuel vehicles.Simulation experiments on a theoretical grid indicate that heterogeneity-induced residential segregation can lead to urban sprawl and congestion.Furthermore,households with EVs tend to be located farther from the city center,and an increase in EV ownership contributes to urban expansion.Our study provides insights into how individuals adapt to EV transitions and the resulting impacts on home locations and land use changes.It offers a novel perspective on the dynamic interactions between EV adoption and urban development.
文摘Despite government incentives,developers are reluctant to invest in green building initiatives due to their perceived extra costs-in particular additional consultant and construction implementation costs.This paper examines the issues preventing the integration of Green Building Index(GBI)consultancy with residential building development in the Malaysian construction industry.Following a literature review of the challenges involving GBI consultancy at the early stage of green residential development,a semi-structured interview method was used to elicit opinion on perceived barriers to integrating the GBI process from 30 interviewees;mainly developers,GBI consultants,building consultants and regulators in the Malaysian construction industry with involvement in green building.The study found that a lack of communication between design team members and GBI consultants was a major barrier.This reduced the opportunity for a more collaborative effort to minimise costs and wastage during the design stages.Lack of insight into the impact of integrating the GBI consultancy into design process within the project time frames was evident.Effective coordination is necessary if the involvement of GBI consultants,particularly at early design stage,is to be successfully managed.It is recommended that work coordination among design team members and GBI consultants needs periodic review.
文摘With the acceleration of urban and rural development,the problem of rural idle residential land has become increasingly prominent,and its effective revitalization and utilization is of great significance for optimizing the allocation of land resources and promoting the sustainable development of rural economy.Based on the performance evaluation of the revitalization and utilization of rural idle residential land in previous studies,this paper discusses the theoretical framework and method system of the current evaluation system.This study first defines the concept connotations of rural idle residential land and their revitalization and utilization.It then summarizes the progress of domestic and international research on performance evaluation,and sorts out and explores the existing relevant research methods for land performance performance by domestic scholars,thereby making the reflective summary of the performance evaluation on the revitalization and utilization of rural idle residential land,and pointing out the possible future research direction.
基金Supported by Ningxia Natural Science Foundation(2024AAC03100).
文摘Summer residential tourism is the future trend in China because of tourists’living quality improvement,heat crisis,rising market demand,and optimization of the destinations’residential environment,transport and accessibility.Compared with summer tourism and vacation tourism,summer residential tourism had got less attention and lacks in prospective and preventive research.Hence,this study focused on potential assessment,pattern recognition and phase segmentation of 32 residential tourism destinations in China selected from 4 lists.An index system of 16 indicators from 5 dimensions was established as Summer Residence Index(SRI),and Range method,Entropy weight method and Composite index method were chosen as the core methods.Three main conclusions were as follows.(1)Only 2 typical districts’SRI value were near to 0.6,and 4 destinations were below 0.1,about 26 destinations were at medium-level,which indicated that China’s summer residential tourism was not so popular and only few destinations have stepped into a higher level.(2)Seven patterns could be recognized based on the contribution of the 5 dimensions to SRI value,including 3 single-factor driven patterns and 4 compound factors driven patterns.(3)Like tourist area life cycle(TALC),Unconscious stage,Initial stage,Developmental stage and Maturity stage could be segmented for summer residential destinations with the value of below 0.1,0.1-0.3,0.3-0.5,and above 0.5.Four destinations were under Unconscious stage.Twenty-two destinations were at initiate stage.Only 4 destinations have stepped into development stage and 2 at maturity stage.China’summer residential tourism has just started and has a better prospect.This study is just an attempt and needs further consideration,for example,a tracking study of SRI calculation for each year will be carried to justify the effectiveness of SRI and to check the rationality of the empirical results.As time goes on,policies in housing,residential estate and other aspects should be included as a factor in the SRI index.Data availability should be optimized because of better data sources and new technologies.Some other districts or cities in 2 batches of national Comprehensive Tourism Demonstration Zones(CTDZs)pilots and provincial CTDZs will be further selections of summer residential tourism destinations.
文摘Based on the present situation of plant landscape in residential areas, this study aimed to analyze the development trend, deficiencies in constructing landscape environment and the basic designing principles, and put forward corresponding countermeasures.
基金The National Key Technology R&D Program during the 11th Five-Year Plan(No.2006BAJ11B04-2)the Soft Science Project of the Ministry of Construction of China(No.2008-R2-25)
文摘To improve China＇s residential environment evaluation system and enhance its guiding role, current research results are analyzed and summarized from three aspects including research scales, evaluation methods and applied technology by means of comparison, induction and empirical application. The guiding role of the current macro-scale evaluation system of urban planning and construction is generally not obvious, whereas the guiding role of medium and micro-scale systems to the improvement of residential environments is improving. There are diversified methods for determining the threshold values and the weights of indices in China＇s evaluation system. For instance, the analytic hierarchy process（AHP） method is adopted to determine the weights of indices. The advantages and disadvantages of the method are analyzed on the basis of empirical calculation. In the course of comprehensive analyses, a nonlinear model can reflect interactions among indices more than a linear model; the evaluation model under the ARCGIS platform prevails since it combines space and attribute, and it has intuitive results. So far, the methodological system of China＇s residential environment evaluation has not been established; its subject coverage and research category should be expanded, and its guiding role should be enhanced.
基金Supported by the Key Project of Science Research Foundation of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(2013Z084)the General Project of Science Research Foundation of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education(2011C137)the Construction Project of Kunming Research Center of Kunming Forestry Information Engineering Technology(215301)
文摘Using innovative information means to form the digital management sys- tem of rural residential land is the key point to solve the difficult and hot issues in rural residential land management. In view of the diversity, large quantity, and preservation with paper of rural residential land data, a new method for automatic cutting and classification of digital images based on the image data source and us- ing the image processing algorithm and Python programming was proposed in order to achieve rapid and accurate collection and digital storage of rural residential land cadastral data. Using this method, digital image automatic cutting and classification were realized, and the efficiency and accuracy of this method was validated by comparing with the non-support free shooting method and manual image process- ing. The experimental results showed that the efficiency of the data acquisition of the fixed shooting method was 4.24 times of that of the non-support free shooting method with the accuracy rate increasing by 7.1%, and the efficiency of automatic image processing was 35 times of that of manual processing. Based on rapid and accuracy data acquisition, this method realized the automatic processing of digital images, which provided a reference for the research of informatization technology of the whole rural residential land data and has the value of popularization and appli- cation.
文摘Currently,energy saving design has been conducted on single building but not on the whole residential community in urban and rural areas.So,the paper has proposed energy saving measures for residential planning from the perspective of site selection and layout of buildings.Specific measures are as follows.Firstly,buildings should be constructed on the sunny side and leeside;secondly,buildings on the south should be lower than those on the north;the east side of the building should be open while the west side should be closed;thirdly,climate protection unit should be set;fourthly,buildings should be of northsouth direction primarily,and the main room should be set on the east side and the assistant rooms or passage on the west side in the buildings of east-west direction;fifthly,it should select compact and wellarranged households and the units should not be combined in point and dislocation and jointing.
文摘Questionnaire surveys and subjective evaluations on residential environment were performed in order to grasp the main factors of residential environment of small local cities. The suitable evaluation index system was established, and the regional residential environment characteristics and personal residential preference types were analyzed, so that their influence on residential environment evaluation could be grasped. The results can be applied to the residential environment planning, construction and monitoring of local cities.
文摘By combining with the design concepts of communication spaces,living rooms and landscape ecology in Yijing Residential Quarter,Hefei City,Anhui Province,this study analyzes the particularity of residential environment design,and elaborates the author's design concepts,to create a comfortable and ideal living space.
文摘According to the analysis of the specific condition of green space of residential area in Liuzhou,effective suggestions to the design,cultivation and maintenance were put forward.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41471140)Outstanding Youth Program of Liaoning Province(No.LJQ2015058)
文摘Based on SPOT5 satellite remote sensing images and land use data in five time phases covering the period 1988–2012, the distribution characteristics, spatial differentiation processes, and driving mechanisms affecting the residential land of the Jinshitan Tourist Resort were studied. The work included a combination of GIS technology, adoption of the differentiation index D, and the multi-group differentiation-measure model D(m). The results provided a basis for the following conclusions: 1) From 1988 to 2012, the degree of differentiation of the rural residential land first decreased, and then increased. The general residential, commercial residential and garden-house land-types all showed declining trends, of which the garden-house type presented the most intense volatility. 2) The overall background of the traditional residential land type was gradually replaced by a new residential land type, and the total area of residential land increased year by year, significantly improving the overall residential conditions. The areas of the new residential land type showed growth, and were increasingly widely distributed in the coastal tourist resorts, transportation corridors, and scenic areas. 3) Government policy, social differentiation, market mechanisms, and individual choices(along with other factors) were mutually promoted, although still restrained. However, all of these factors interacted to constrain the developmental direction and the processes affecting tourism real estate in the Dalian Jinshitan Tourist Resort.
文摘This paper explained natural condition and cultural background of "Lanting Shanshui"(landscape surrounding Orchid Pavilion) residential area,discussed the guiding ideology and principle of the programming of landscape environment.In this design,modern architectural form and materials would be combined with Chinese cultural tradition of "pursuit of natural landscape" in the whole residential area,with everything based on people and nature,entrusting landscape with thoughts and cultural connotation.In addition,macroscopically,in the perspective of overall environmental landscape system and landscaping dynamic index,the author analyzed the overall layout of landscapes;and microscopically,the author described in detail the road,pavement,public rest facilities,marks and some other hard facilities,and landscaping plants(including grouping greening,road greening and public greening),waterscape and other soft facilities of landscape designing.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51378099)
文摘As the traditional methods and technical means cannot meet the quantitative research needs of the urban land use patterns, quantitative research methods for the urban land use pattern are established via the GIS （geographic information system ） technique combined with the related theories and models. Taking the city of Nanjing as an example, a spatial database of urban land use and other environmental and socio-economic data is constructed. A multiple linear regression model is developed to determine the statistically significant factors affecting the residential land use distributions. To explain the spatial variations of urban land use patterns, the geographically weighted regression （GWR） is employed to establish spatial associations between these significant factors and the distribution of urban residential land use. The results demonstrate that the GWR can provide an effective approach to the exploration of the urban land use spatial patterns and also provide useful spatial information for planning residential development and other types of urban land use.
文摘After analysis of location feature of the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River and its construction of urban and rural integration,the paper pointed out harmonious combination between natural and artificial factors had been neglected in planning and design of farmers' residential area at the south of lower reaches of Yangtze River,"regional characteristic" losing,residential area in the form of "city community" and buildings in European style.In view of these problems,relevant planning and design thoughts and methods had been proposed as to how to create "regional characteristic" from the perspective of planning,architecture and landscape design.It discussed with emphasis the importance of construction base type and combination of environment with residential area construction;inspirations and design methods obtained from traditional architectures;and the content of landscape overall planning and specific design.It was hoped to enlighten designers to shoulder social and historical responsibility,make exploration unremittingly,and construct beautiful homelands for people.
基金Supported by Foundation of Qinhuangdao Bureau of Science and Technology (201101A216)Research Program of Hebei Provincial Department of Science and Technology (11276742)~~
文摘Application of flower border in Senlinyicheng Residential District(or Leisure Forest City) was investigated and analyzed.The results showed that(a) there are 18 flower border species of 11 families,and 16 of them are perennial and bulbous flower species,accounting for 88.9% of the total;(b) flowering season lasts from April to the late October;(c) flower borders are colorful and dominated by large lumps of colors;(d) there are 3 major types:forest edge flower border,roadside flower border and waterfront flower border.Meanwhile,problems of flower border in the study district were summarized as poor sustainability,poor landscape effects in early spring,autumn and winter,monotonous landscapes and ineffective management.Correspondingly,countermeasures were given as enhancing the sustainability of flower border landscapes,improving landscape effects in early spring,autumn and winter,applying more species with better cold and stress resistance.
