With the rapid development of the fields of tumor biology and immunology, tumor immunotherapy has been used in clinical practice and has demonstrated significant therapeutic potential, particularly for treating tumors...With the rapid development of the fields of tumor biology and immunology, tumor immunotherapy has been used in clinical practice and has demonstrated significant therapeutic potential, particularly for treating tumors that do not respond to standard treatment options. Despite its advances, immunotherapy still has limitations, such as poor clinical response rates and differences in individual patient responses, largely because tumor tissues have strong immunosuppressive microenvironments. Many tumors have a tumor microenvironment (TME) that is characterized by hypoxia, low pH, and substantial numbers of immunosuppressive cells, and these are the main factors limiting the efficacy of antitumor immunotherapy. The TME is crucial to the occurrence, growth, and metastasis of tumors. Therefore, numerous studies have been devoted to improving the effects of immunotherapy by remodeling the TME. Effective regulation of the TME and reversal of immunosuppressive conditions are effective strategies for improving tumor immunotherapy. The use of multidrug combinations to improve the TME is an efficient way to enhance antitumor immune efficacy. However, the inability to effectively target drugs decreases therapeutic effects and causes toxic side effects. Nanodrug delivery carriers have the advantageous ability to enhance drug bioavailability and improve drug targeting. Importantly, they can also regulate the TME and deliver large or small therapeutic molecules to decrease the inhibitory effect of the TME on immune cells. Therefore, nanomedicine has great potential for reprogramming immunosuppressive microenvironments and represents a new immunotherapeutic strategy. Therefore, this article reviews strategies for improving the TME and summarizes research on synergistic nanomedicine approaches that enhance the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.展开更多
Face recognition has attracted great interest due to its importance in many real-world applications. In this paper,we present a novel low-rank sparse representation-based classification(LRSRC) method for robust face r...Face recognition has attracted great interest due to its importance in many real-world applications. In this paper,we present a novel low-rank sparse representation-based classification(LRSRC) method for robust face recognition. Given a set of test samples, LRSRC seeks the lowest-rank and sparsest representation matrix over all training samples. Since low-rank model can reveal the subspace structures of data while sparsity helps to recognize the data class, the obtained test sample representations are both representative and discriminative. Using the representation vector of a test sample, LRSRC classifies the test sample into the class which generates minimal reconstruction error. Experimental results on several face image databases show the effectiveness and robustness of LRSRC in face image recognition.展开更多
Semantic representation of evidence-based medical guidelines provides the support for the data inter-operability and has been found many applications in the medical domain. In this paper, we describe a semantic repres...Semantic representation of evidence-based medical guidelines provides the support for the data inter-operability and has been found many applications in the medical domain. In this paper, we describe a semantic representation approach of evidence-based medical guidelines, which is based on the Semantic Web Technology standards. We discuss several use cases of that semantic representation of evidence-based medical guideline, and show that they are potentially useful for medical applications.展开更多
三维穿衣人体重建,在计算机图形学和三维视觉领域占有重要地位,广泛应用于多个方向。人体穿衣的多样性和动作的复杂性使得穿衣人体的高保真重建变得极其困难。深度学习技术优化了数据特征提取、隐式几何表示和神经渲染等关键环节,也推...三维穿衣人体重建,在计算机图形学和三维视觉领域占有重要地位,广泛应用于多个方向。人体穿衣的多样性和动作的复杂性使得穿衣人体的高保真重建变得极其困难。深度学习技术优化了数据特征提取、隐式几何表示和神经渲染等关键环节,也推动了高保真穿衣人体重建技术的革命性进步。本文综述了人体重建的基本流程和组成模块,如各类输入数据、人体几何与动作表示、参数化模型以及三维到二维的渲染技术。同时,介绍了公开的穿衣人体数据集,简要回顾了近10年来人体重建算法的快速发展。本文详细探讨了几种主要的重建方法:稠密视角重建、非刚性运动重建(non-rigid structure from motion,NRSFM)、基于像素对齐的隐式几何重建以及生成模型方法。特别是,稠密视角重建能够生成高质量的人体几何,而NRSFM方法减少了对多视角的需求。基于像素对齐的方法重建细节丰富的人体几何,而生成模型方法利用多模态输入信息实现重建。最后总结了现有方法,并展望了未来研究方向,包括实现低成本高保真重建、加速重建过程和增强重建结果的可编辑性,以及在自然环境下进行重建的可能性。本文总结了近年来穿衣人体重建技术的进步,同时指出了未来研究可能集中的方向。展开更多
文摘With the rapid development of the fields of tumor biology and immunology, tumor immunotherapy has been used in clinical practice and has demonstrated significant therapeutic potential, particularly for treating tumors that do not respond to standard treatment options. Despite its advances, immunotherapy still has limitations, such as poor clinical response rates and differences in individual patient responses, largely because tumor tissues have strong immunosuppressive microenvironments. Many tumors have a tumor microenvironment (TME) that is characterized by hypoxia, low pH, and substantial numbers of immunosuppressive cells, and these are the main factors limiting the efficacy of antitumor immunotherapy. The TME is crucial to the occurrence, growth, and metastasis of tumors. Therefore, numerous studies have been devoted to improving the effects of immunotherapy by remodeling the TME. Effective regulation of the TME and reversal of immunosuppressive conditions are effective strategies for improving tumor immunotherapy. The use of multidrug combinations to improve the TME is an efficient way to enhance antitumor immune efficacy. However, the inability to effectively target drugs decreases therapeutic effects and causes toxic side effects. Nanodrug delivery carriers have the advantageous ability to enhance drug bioavailability and improve drug targeting. Importantly, they can also regulate the TME and deliver large or small therapeutic molecules to decrease the inhibitory effect of the TME on immune cells. Therefore, nanomedicine has great potential for reprogramming immunosuppressive microenvironments and represents a new immunotherapeutic strategy. Therefore, this article reviews strategies for improving the TME and summarizes research on synergistic nanomedicine approaches that enhance the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61374134)the key Scientific Research Project of Universities in Henan Province,China(No.15A413009)
文摘Face recognition has attracted great interest due to its importance in many real-world applications. In this paper,we present a novel low-rank sparse representation-based classification(LRSRC) method for robust face recognition. Given a set of test samples, LRSRC seeks the lowest-rank and sparsest representation matrix over all training samples. Since low-rank model can reveal the subspace structures of data while sparsity helps to recognize the data class, the obtained test sample representations are both representative and discriminative. Using the representation vector of a test sample, LRSRC classifies the test sample into the class which generates minimal reconstruction error. Experimental results on several face image databases show the effectiveness and robustness of LRSRC in face image recognition.
基金Supported by the European Commission under the 7th Framework EURECA Project(FP7-ICT-2011-7,288048)the Key Projects of National Social Science Foundation of China(11ZD&189)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(2014CFB247)
文摘Semantic representation of evidence-based medical guidelines provides the support for the data inter-operability and has been found many applications in the medical domain. In this paper, we describe a semantic representation approach of evidence-based medical guidelines, which is based on the Semantic Web Technology standards. We discuss several use cases of that semantic representation of evidence-based medical guideline, and show that they are potentially useful for medical applications.
文摘三维穿衣人体重建,在计算机图形学和三维视觉领域占有重要地位,广泛应用于多个方向。人体穿衣的多样性和动作的复杂性使得穿衣人体的高保真重建变得极其困难。深度学习技术优化了数据特征提取、隐式几何表示和神经渲染等关键环节,也推动了高保真穿衣人体重建技术的革命性进步。本文综述了人体重建的基本流程和组成模块,如各类输入数据、人体几何与动作表示、参数化模型以及三维到二维的渲染技术。同时,介绍了公开的穿衣人体数据集,简要回顾了近10年来人体重建算法的快速发展。本文详细探讨了几种主要的重建方法:稠密视角重建、非刚性运动重建(non-rigid structure from motion,NRSFM)、基于像素对齐的隐式几何重建以及生成模型方法。特别是,稠密视角重建能够生成高质量的人体几何,而NRSFM方法减少了对多视角的需求。基于像素对齐的方法重建细节丰富的人体几何,而生成模型方法利用多模态输入信息实现重建。最后总结了现有方法,并展望了未来研究方向,包括实现低成本高保真重建、加速重建过程和增强重建结果的可编辑性,以及在自然环境下进行重建的可能性。本文总结了近年来穿衣人体重建技术的进步,同时指出了未来研究可能集中的方向。
